Apparatus and method for prompting conscious respiration

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for prompting voluntary respiration in a subject, comprising: a deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and an external environment; and a valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the rate of fluid flow between the internal volume and the external environment. The invention facilitates prompting voluntary respiration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of respiration. More specifically, this invention relates to conscious breathing. Even more specifically, this invention relates to an apparatus and method for prompting conscious breathing. Background Technology

[0002] Any references to the background technology in this article should not be construed as an admission that such technology constitutes common knowledge in Australia or elsewhere.

[0003] Anxiety disorders are a common mental illness in modern society. Recent figures indicate that approximately 18% of the US population suffers from anxiety disorders. A similar proportion has been observed in Australia. It should be understood that anxiety is a significant problem.

[0004] There are several ways to treat anxiety, including psychotherapy and psychotropic medication. However, it is speculated that anxiety disorders can also be alleviated by correcting breathing patterns. This is especially true for people experiencing elevated anxiety levels or panic attacks. Breathing regulation is presumably possible to alleviate such problems.

[0005] Breathing regulation is also presumed to have applications beyond anxiety treatment (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Studies on children with ADHD have shown that repetitive movements may improve focus and attention. These repetitive movements are called stimuli.

[0006] Stimuli are associated with self-stimulatory behaviors that typically involve repetitive movements and sounds. In this respect, stimuli can calm a person by blocking out less predictable environmental stimuli.

[0007] Mounting evidence suggests that repetitive behaviors can be extremely useful. In this regard, stimulating behaviors can give people, including those with autism spectrum disorder, a sense of control, helping them cope with overwhelming external stimuli and communicate their emotions. Stimulation is also considered a useful aid to meditation practice. Meditation is widely recognized as a practice that promotes mental health.

[0008] It should be understood that it would be beneficial to alleviate one or more of the above problems, or at least to provide consumers with useful or commercial alternatives. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In one aspect, though it need not be the only or actually the most extensive, the invention lies in a device for prompting a subject to conscious breathing, comprising:

[0010] A deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and an external environment; and

[0011] A valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate between the internal volume and the external environment.

[0012] In one embodiment, the device further includes fluid flow control adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate of the valve. In some embodiments, the valve and the fluid flow control are adapted to regulate the flow rate discretely or continuously. In one embodiment, the valve and the fluid flow control are adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate between at least two different flow rates. In one embodiment, the deformable body includes a single opening. In another embodiment, the deformable body includes a single valve.

[0013] In one embodiment, the device further includes one or more rods extending into the internal volume. In some embodiments, the one or more rods are connected to the handle.

[0014] In one embodiment, the internal volume of the deformable body is approximately 50 cm³. 3 With approximately 150cm 3 Between, at approximately 50cm 3 With approximately 100cm 3 Between, at approximately 100cm 3 With approximately 150cm 3 Between, at approximately 75cm 3 With approximately 125cm 3 Between, at approximately 76cm 3 With approximately 105cm 3 Between, at approximately 90cm 3 With approximately 110cm 3 Between, at approximately 100cm 3 With approximately 110cm 3 Between, approximately 76cm 3 or about 105cm 3 .

[0015] In one embodiment, the valve and the fluid flow control are configured to regulate the fluid flow rate between low fluid flow rate, medium fluid flow rate, and high fluid flow rate.

[0016] In one embodiment, the low fluid flow rate is approximately 15 cm. 3 / s and approximately 23cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 17cm 3 / s and approximately 21cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 19cm 3 / s and approximately 20cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 19.1cm 3 / s.

[0017] In one embodiment, the fluid velocity is approximately 23 cm. 3 / s and approximately 33cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 23cm 3 / s and approximately 30cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 25cm 3 / s and approximately 27cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 26.3cm 3 / s.

[0018] In one embodiment, the high fluid velocity is approximately 33 cm⁻¹. 3 / s and approximately 50cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 35cm 3 / s and approximately 45cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 40cm 3 / s and approximately 44cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 42cm 3 / s.

[0019] In one embodiment, the device for prompting the subject to breathe consciously is combined with printed directions that associate the fluid flow rate setting of the valve with the breathing rate.

[0020] The invention also relates to the use of the device for prompting a subject to consciously breathe. The invention further relates to the device for prompting a subject to consciously breathe when in use. The invention also relates to a device for use in treating anxiety. Non-limiting examples: anxiety related to social anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety associated with autism spectrum disorder. In one embodiment, the conscious breathing is essentially conscious nasal breathing.

[0021] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for prompting a subject to consciously breathe, the method comprising:

[0022] The subject gripping device includes: a deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and an external environment; and a valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate therebetween.

[0023] The subject applies pressure to the deformable body to expel fluid from the internal volume, and the subject removes the pressure on the deformable body to allow fluid to enter the internal volume.

[0024] Specifically, the subject inhales or exhales when fluid is discharged from the internal volume, and performs another of the inhalation or exhalation when fluid is allowed to flow into the internal volume.

[0025] This prompts the subject to breathe consciously.

[0026] The device and its components can be generally described as described above.

[0027] In one embodiment, the method may further include the step of adjusting the fluid flow rate.

[0028] The various features and embodiments of the invention mentioned in the foregoing sections and in the following description are adapted to other sections with appropriate modifications. Therefore, features specified in one section may be suitably combined with features specified in other sections.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To aid in understanding the present invention and to enable those skilled in the art to practice it, embodiments of the invention will be described below by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is one embodiment of a device for prompting conscious breathing;

[0032] Figure 2 An embodiment of a pair of devices for prompting conscious breathing is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 An enlarged view of one embodiment of fluid flow control is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 An embodiment of the valve is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 Another embodiment of a device for prompting conscious breathing is shown; and

[0036] Figure 6 Another embodiment of a device for prompting conscious breathing is shown.

[0037] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the device 600 shown. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention primarily concern a device for prompting conscious breathing. Accordingly, the steps of the device and method have been shown in the accompanying drawings, with only those specific details necessary for understanding the implementation of the invention shown so as not to obscure this disclosure with excessive detail, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art who will benefit from this specification.

[0039] In this specification, adjectives such as first and second, left and right, etc., may be used only to distinguish one element or action from another, without requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order.

[0040] Words such as “include” or “comprising” are intended to define non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements may include not only those elements but may also include other elements not expressly listed, including elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] As used in this article, the term “about” refers to a number that is nominally followed by the term “about”, but the actual quantity can vary from this precise number to an insignificant degree.

[0042] This invention is based on the discovery that providing a device for prompting a subject to consciously breathe can alleviate some problems associated with anxiety disorders. Furthermore, the device of this invention provides a method for stimulating the subject, and this is advantageous in certain situations. In this respect, the invention provides the subject with prompting to consciously breathe, while also facilitating stimulation.

[0043] In one aspect, though it need not be the only or actually the most extensive, the invention lies in a device for prompting a subject to conscious breathing, comprising:

[0044] A deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and an external environment; and

[0045] A valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate between the internal volume and the external environment.

[0046] refer to Figure 1 and 2A device 100 for prompting (facilitating) conscious breathing in a subject is shown. The device 100 includes a body 110 having an opening 120. In this embodiment, the body 110 includes a single opening 120. The body 110 defines an internal volume (not shown). In one embodiment, the body 110 is a deformable body. The deformable body 110 may be a hollow sphere (bulb, light bulb) of elastic material that can be deformed by compression, causing the internal volume to decrease and expelling fluid (e.g., air). After the compression force on the deformable body is removed, the body returns to its normal shape as fluid returns to the internal volume. The opening 120 is in fluid communication with the internal volume and the external environment. The device 100 also includes a valve 130. In this embodiment, the device 100 includes a single valve 130. The valve 130 is located at the opening 120. The valve 130 controls the fluid flow rate through the opening 120. The valve 130 is configured to regulate the fluid flow rate between at least two configurations.

[0047] It should be noted that, Figure 1 and 2 In the illustration, the device is depicted as showing an opening 120 (without a valve) and a valve 130 located on the opening. This is depicted as showing the opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and the external environment.

[0048] In one embodiment, the internal volume of the deformable body is approximately 50 cm³. 3 With approximately 150cm 3 Between, at approximately 50cm 3 With approximately 100cm 3 Between, at approximately 100cm 3 With approximately 150cm 3 Between, at approximately 75cm 3 With approximately 125cm 3 Between, at approximately 76cm 3 With approximately 105cm 3 Between, at approximately 90cm 3 With approximately 110cm 3 Between, at approximately 100cm 3 With approximately 110cm 3 Between, approximately 76cm 3 or about 105cm 3 .

[0049] In one embodiment, the internal volume of the sphere can be suitable for an adult palm or hand, or a child's palm or hand. In this regard, typically, the internal volume of the sphere for a typical adult hand is approximately 105 cm³. 3 Typically, the internal volume of a spherical object is approximately 76 cm³ for a child's hand. 3Those skilled in the art will understand that the internal volume can be of any shape. In a preferred embodiment, the internal volume has a bulb shape.

[0050] The device 100 may also include fluid flow control 140. Figure 3 (The enlarged embodiment shown). Fluid flow control 140 is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate of valve 130 between at least two fluid flow rates. In the illustrated embodiment, fluid flow control 140 is configured to regulate the fluid flow rate of valve 130 between a low fluid flow rate, a medium fluid flow rate, and a high fluid flow rate. Fluid flow control 140 can be adjusted by a subject according to their requirements (described in more detail below). In one embodiment, fluid flow control 140 includes a dial 141, which can be configured to regulate the flow rate configuration of valve 130. Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the fluid flow control 140 is set to a low fluid flow rate 142 and can be adjusted to a medium flow rate 143 or a high flow rate 144 by rotating the dial 141 (in the direction of the arrow).

[0051] In one embodiment, the low fluid flow rate is approximately 15 cm. 3 / s and approximately 23cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 17cm 3 / s and approximately 21cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 19cm 3 / s and approximately 20cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 19.1cm 3 / s.

[0052] In another embodiment, the low fluid flow rate is approximately 10 cm. 3 / s and approximately 16cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 12cm 3 / s and approximately 15cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 14cm 3 / s and approximately 15cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 13.8cm 3 / s.

[0053] In one embodiment, the fluid velocity is approximately 23 cm. 3 / s and approximately 33cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 23cm 3 / s and approximately 30cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 25cm 3 / s and approximately 27cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 26.3cm 3 / s.

[0054] In another embodiment, the fluid velocity is approximately 16 cm. 3 / s and approximately 25cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 17cm 3 / s and approximately 22cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 18cm 3 / s and approximately 20cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 19cm 3 / s.

[0055] In the embodiment, the high fluid velocity is approximately 33 cm⁻¹. 3 / s and approximately 50cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 35cm 3 / s and approximately 45cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 40cm 3 / s and approximately 44cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 42cm 3 / s.

[0056] In another embodiment, the high fluid velocity is approximately 26 cm⁻¹ 3 / s and approximately 40cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 28cm 3 / s and approximately 35cm 3 Between / s, at approximately 29cm 3 / s and approximately 31cm 3 Between / s, or approximately 30.4cm 3 / s.

[0057] The internal volume of the spherical object is approximately 105 cm³. 3 The low fluid velocity is approximately 19.1 cm. 3 In the embodiment with / s, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are approximately 5.5s.

[0058] The internal volume of the sphere is approximately 76 cm³. 3 The low fluid velocity is approximately 13.8 cm. 3 In the embodiment with / s, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are approximately 5.5s.

[0059] The internal volume of the spherical object is approximately 105 cm³. 3 The fluid velocity in the medium is approximately 26.3 cm. 3 In the embodiment with / s, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are approximately 4s.

[0060] The internal volume of the sphere is approximately 76 cm³. 3 The fluid velocity in the medium is approximately 19 cm.3 In the embodiment with / s, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are approximately 4s.

[0061] The internal volume of the spherical object is approximately 105 cm³. 3 The high fluid velocity is approximately 42 cm. 3 In the embodiment of / s, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are approximately 2.5s.

[0062] The internal volume of the sphere is approximately 76 cm³. 3 The high fluid velocity is approximately 30.4 cm. 3 In the embodiment of / s, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are approximately 2.5s.

[0063] It should be understood that the fluid flow rate can be varied, thereby changing the amount of time required to expel the internal air volume and the amount of time required for air to enter the internal volume. In this regard, at low fluid flow rates, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the amount of time required for air to enter the internal volume are preferably between about 7 s and about 4.5 s, between about 6 s and about 7 s, or preferably about 5.5 s.

[0064] At a medium fluid flow rate, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are preferably between about 4.5 s and about 3 s, between about 4.5 s and about 3.5 s, or preferably about 4 s.

[0065] At high fluid flow rates, the time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are preferably between about 3 s and about 2 s, between about 2.75 s and about 2.25 s, or preferably about 2.5 s.

[0066] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, fluid flow control 140 includes three different configurations: low fluid flow 142, medium fluid flow 143, and high fluid flow 144. It should be understood that fluid flow control 140 may include two or more different configurations. In this respect, fluid flow control 140 may include 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more configurations. It should be understood that fluid flow control can be discrete fluid flow control (e.g., Figure 3 (as shown) or continuous fluid flow control (i.e., when the dial is adjusted, the fluid flow control continuously regulates the fluid flow of the valve). In this regard, the flow rate of the continuous fluid flow can be set so that the time required for air to enter the internal volume can be easily determined.

[0067] In one embodiment, the valve is adapted to regulate between at least two discrete configurations. In another embodiment, the valve is adapted to continuously regulate fluid flow.

[0068] Valve 130 is adapted to regulate the flow rate of fluid between the internal volume and the external environment. Therefore, when a mechanical force is applied to the deformable body, the valve controls the amount of time required for fluid to drain from the internal volume. Furthermore, when the mechanical force is released, the deformable body returns to its previous shape, which increases the volume of the internal volume, resulting in fluid being drawn back into the internal volume. Those skilled in the art will understand that valve 130 can be adapted to allow fluid to flow at a specific velocity (e.g., x cm). 3 / s) flows within it, and when no mechanical force is applied, the internal volume will have a set volume (y cm). 3 Therefore, the time required to discharge fluid or allow fluid to enter can be roughly determined by the following formula: (y cm) 3 ) / (x cm 3 / s). The valve will ultimately determine the time required for the deformable body to deflate and re-inflate.

[0069] Therefore, the flow rate can be adjusted so that the time required for the deflation and re-inflation of the deformable body (fluid outflow and fluid inflow) can also be set as needed. Since subjects use the deflation and re-inflation of the deformable body as conscious breathing cues, they can adjust parameters to control the length of each cue, thereby controlling their breathing. It should be understood that the length and internal volume of the deflation and re-inflation of the deformable body can be changed according to the subject's requirements.

[0070] In one embodiment, the device for prompting the subject to breathe consciously is combined with a direction that associates the fluid flow rate setting of the valve with the breathing rate. In another embodiment, the direction is the printing direction.

[0071] Figure 4 An embodiment of the valve used in this invention is shown. In the illustrated embodiment, valve 400 includes a first body 420 and a second body 440. The first body 420 includes a first connecting portion 422 complementary to a second connecting portion (not shown). The second body 440 includes a second connecting portion. In this embodiment, the first connecting portion 422 is releasably engaged with the second connecting portion such that the first body 420 is rotatable relative to the second body 440. The first body 420 also includes a first orifice 425. The second body 440 includes a second orifice 445. In one embodiment, the first orifice 425 and the second orifice 445 have the same or similar dimensions.

[0072] In use, the first body 420 can rotate relative to the second body 440 such that the first orifice 425 aligns with the second orifice 445. It should be understood that in this configuration, the valve 400 provides the maximum amount of fluid flow through the aligned orifices. If the user wishes to reduce the fluid flow rate, the first body 420 can rotate relative to the second body 440 such that a portion of the first orifice 425 covers a portion of the second orifice 445. This allows for a reduction in the fluid flow rate. For ease of use, fluid flow control can be adapted to set the fluid flow rate between the first body 420 and the second body 440. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiment is merely one example of a valve, and other valves known to those skilled in the art can also be used in this invention. In this regard, non-limiting examples of valves include butterfly valves, ball valves, choke valves, gate valves, globe valves, and knife valves.

[0073] In one embodiment, the deformable body is in the form of a sphere. In one embodiment, the deformable body is formed of a material that is deformable under mechanical force. In one embodiment, the mechanical force is applied by the subject's hand. In one embodiment, the deformable body is formed of plastic or polymer.

[0074] When the deformable body deforms by mechanical force, the fluid in the internal volume is displaced and discharged to the external environment. Valve 130 controls the rate at which the fluid is discharged from the internal volume through opening 120, and subsequently controls the rate at which the fluid enters the internal volume when the mechanical force is removed.

[0075] This allows the invention to be used as a cue for inhalation and exhalation. In this respect, the subject can exhale or inhale while a mechanical force (pressure applied by hand) is applied to the deformable body (and fluid flows out of the internal volume). Subsequently, the subject can exhale or inhale (the other of the above) while the mechanical force is no longer applied (and fluid flows back into the internal volume). It should be understood that this serves to cue the person to inhale and exhale at a desired rate. This allows the subject to consciously control their breathing and address some of the issues mentioned above.

[0076] The use of this device also facilitates repetitive movements (stimulation), and as mentioned above, these repetitive movements can improve concentration, attention, and decision-making. In this regard, subjects can apply mechanical pressure to the deformable subject at consistent intervals. This stimulating behavior can give people, including those with autism, a sense of control, help them cope with overwhelming external stimuli, and become a way to calm and communicate their emotions.

[0077] Figure 5Another embodiment of a device 500 for prompting a subject to consciously breathe is shown. The device 500 includes a body 510 having an opening (not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the body 510 includes a single opening. The body 510 defines an internal volume (not shown). In one embodiment, the body 510 is a deformable body. The deformable body 510 may be a hollow sphere (bulb, light bulb) of elastic material that can be deformed by compression, causing the internal volume to decrease and expelling fluid (e.g., air). After the compression force on the deformable body is removed, the body 510 returns to its normal shape as fluid returns to the internal volume. The opening is in fluid communication with the internal volume and the external environment. The device 500 also includes a valve 530. In the illustrated embodiment, the device 500 includes a single valve. The valve 530 is located at the opening. The valve 530 controls the fluid flow rate through the opening. In the illustrated embodiment, the device 500 also includes a fluid flow control 540. The fluid flow control 540 is configured to regulate the fluid flow rate of the valve between at least two configurations. In the illustrated embodiment, fluid flow control 540 is configured to regulate the fluid flow rate of valve 530 among three configurations. In the illustrated embodiment, the body includes a cover 515 having a recess 515a that facilitates hand gripping of the body 510. This provides the user with an ergonomic design. In one embodiment, the recess may be formed on the outer surface of the body.

[0078] Research indicates that affiliative touch in humans leads to a general increase in parasympathetic nervous system activity. Neurochemically, this reduced excitability in response to skin stimuli is thought to be mediated by oxytocin release. Recent neuroscience studies of human cutaneous nerves have led to the identification and characterization of a class of tactilely sensitive nerve fibers called C-tactile afferents. These unmyelinated, low-threshold mechanosensitive receptors (found only in hairy skin) respond optimally to both itch and pain, and to gentle / low-speed stroking touches. Notably, the strongest stroking speed of C-tactile afferents (3 cm / s) is also the speed perceived as most pleasurable. It is speculated that stroking C-tactile afferents induces an anxiolytic response in the body. Further research has also found that muscle afferent feedback provides crucial information related to cardiopulmonary responses. Recent advances in this field have identified interrelationships between chemoreceptor mechanisms and non-chemoreceptor mechanisms involved in gas exchange control.

[0079] exist Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, the device 500 also includes a handle or strap 550. In use, the handle or strap 550 is appropriately placed on or near the back of the subject's hand. In this respect, when compressive force is applied to the deformable body, air is expelled through the handle or strap 550. This causes movement of the handle 550 and results in a tactile sensation on the back of the hand. This is intended to stimulate C-tactile afferent.

[0080] In one embodiment, a handle or band 550 defines an internal volume. The internal volume of the handle 550 may be in fluid communication with the internal volume of the body 510. That is, the internal volume of the handle is in fluid communication with a valve 530, which in turn is in fluid communication with the internal volume of the body 510. It should be understood that the only substantial point through which fluid in the internal volume of the body 510 can be discharged is through an open end at the distal end of the handle 550. In one embodiment, the distal end of the handle or band 550 includes an orifice (not shown). This orifice facilitates fluid flow from the internal volumes of the body 510 and the handle 550 to the external environment. In one embodiment, the handle 550 is connected to the valve 530. In another embodiment...

[0081] It should be understood that the present invention provides a conscious breathing cue and is conducive to stimulation. Therefore, the device of the present invention can provide multiple modes to address the aforementioned problems. It is speculated that conscious breathing and stimulation together constitute an effective therapeutic method for relieving stress and anxiety.

[0082] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the device 600 also includes a handle or strap 650. In use, the handle or strap 650 is properly rested on the back of the subject's hand.

[0083] In one embodiment, the handle or strap 650 is replaceable. In this regard, the handle or strap may include a first handle member 651 removably attached to one end of the body 610. In this embodiment, the handle does not define an internal volume communicating with the internal volume of the body. The distal end of the first handle member 651 is provided with a first adjustable attachment region 652. The handle or strap may further include a second handle member 656 removably attached to the other end of the body 610. The distal end of the second handle member 656 is provided with a second adjustable attachment region 657 complementary to the first adjustable attachment region 652. In one embodiment, the first adjustable attachment region 652 and the second adjustable attachment region 657 are a belt and buckle arrangement. Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention may use multiple complementary attachment portions. In the illustrated embodiment, the device 600 also includes a fluid flow control 640.

[0084] In one embodiment, the device 600 may further include a palm pad 615. The palm pad 615 is removably attached to the body 610. The palm pad 615 may be appropriately removed for hygienic purposes or to provide a different tactile feel.

[0085] Research indicates that neurons respond to different aspects of texture in a highly specific manner. In this respect, some neurons respond to rough features of the texture, while others may respond to smooth surfaces. It is presumed that specific textures evoke certain emotional responses. This device advantageously provides interchangeable palm pads that can be modified to have different textures to elicit certain emotional responses. In one embodiment, the palm pad comprises a soft, skin-like surface.

[0086] Figure 7 As shown Figure 6 The illustrated device 600 is a cross-section. As shown, device 600 includes an internal volume 611 defined by a body 610. In one embodiment, device 600 also includes one or more elongated members. The elongated members are configured to respond to pressure on the body. In this respect, the elongated members can move in response to pressure on the body and subsequently move back to their original position when the body returns to its original shape. In one embodiment, the elongated members are rods. In this respect, device 600 may also include one or more rods extending into the internal volume 611. In the illustrated embodiment, device 600 includes two rods 661, 662. Rods 661, 662 are suitably connected to a handle or strap 650. Body 610 is also adapted to receive the end of the handle or strap 650. In the illustrated embodiment, rods 661, 662 include anchoring portions 661a, 662a extending respectively away from rods 661, 662. Anchoring portions 661a, 662a secure rods 661, 662. As shown, the rods extend through body 610 and form a seal with the body. Rods 661 and 662 may suitably include flanges that facilitate a seal with the body 610.

[0087] The lever enables the handle or band 650 to provide stimulation. In one embodiment, the stimulation is a “slapping motion.” The inventors believe that the slapping motion strokes or “fires” C-tactile afferents, producing an anxieties-free response. In this respect, when the subject compresses the ball, this action pushes the lever downward (indicated by the arrow marked x), and this in turn pushes the end of the lever outward (indicated by the arrow marked y), which in turn pulls the band onto the back of the hand. This stimulates the slapping motion.

[0088] In one embodiment, the handle or band 650 may include a surface that provides a particular tactile feel. In this respect, the handle or band 650 may be interchangeable with another handle or band using a different surface with a different tactile feel. It should be understood that this, combined with replaceable palm pads, allows for slapping motions with different tactile stimuli.

[0089] Typical solutions for prompting conscious breathing usually involve contact with the subject's mouth. In this regard, an object or component can be placed on the subject's mouth to control breathing. The present invention does not require such contact with the subject. The present invention provides a prompt that allows the subject to consciously breathe in a non-obtrusive manner. Furthermore, the present invention can be configured to avoid deep breathing. In one embodiment, the device of the present invention does not require physical contact with the subject's mouth. In one embodiment, the present invention is not intended to promote deep breathing.

[0090] This device describes a multimodal approach to reducing stress and anxiety through conscious breathing and tactile somatosensory input. This device is expected to provide a significant improvement over current techniques aimed at achieving similar results. Current therapeutic modalities, such as eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), utilize tactile engagement (tapping), thereby incorporating somatosensory input. This invention provides an alternative method for achieving tactile somatosensory arousal. The current device also effectively combines the actual act of conscious breathing with somatosensory input.

[0091] It is generally accepted that there remains a preferred respiratory system; that is, nasal breathing, with a respiratory rate of approximately 6-10 breaths per minute, is considered optimal for adults. However, many children and adults have developed suboptimal breathing processes that negatively impact daily functioning, including in their ability to manage allergies, anxiety, and everyday stressors.

[0092] Most children and adults living in the Western world habitually overbreath or breathe through their mouths (i.e., mouth breathing). In children, mouth breathing can lead to physical abnormalities and cognitive challenges. Children who do not receive treatment for mouth breathing may develop:

[0093] - A long, narrow face;

[0094] - Narrow mouth;

[0095] - A smile that shows your gums;

[0096] - Tooth misalignment, including large overbite and crowded teeth;

[0097] - Poor posture; and / or

[0098] - Sleep disorders.

[0099] Typically, current solutions for correcting respiratory dysfunction involve the use of mouth-to-mouth devices. This intervention requires "mouth breathing." It is presumably possible that this intervention could ultimately lead to further respiratory dysfunction. The device of this invention allows for a preferred breathing process to be implemented tactilely, thereby reducing the need for mouth breathing.

[0100] Breathing too deeply, too frequently, or too rapidly can lead to hyperventilation. Hyperventilation is generally defined as rapid or deep breathing frequently induced by anxiety and / or stress. Hyperventilation is known to interfere with respiratory biochemistry. In this context, biochemistry refers to the relative concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. When a subject breathes in an excessive volume of air, the subject must also exhale an equal amount of air. This action lowers the level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is essential because it stimulates the release of oxygen from circulating blood cells into the body for utilization. Excessive loss of CO2 during prolonged deep breathing can lead to adverse physiological and psychological outcomes. The device of the present invention addresses these problems by prompting conscious breathing involving nasal breathing rather than mouth breathing. Furthermore, the device of the present invention prompts the subject to nasal breathing at desired intervals.

[0101] In another form, the invention relates to a method for prompting a subject to conscious breathing, the method comprising:

[0102] A device is provided, comprising: a deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and an external environment; and a valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate therebetween;

[0103] Pressure is applied to the deformable body to expel fluid from the internal volume.

[0104] Remove the pressure on the deformable body to allow fluid to enter the internal volume.

[0105] Specifically, the subject inhales or exhales when fluid is discharged from the internal volume, and inhales or exhales when fluid is allowed to flow into the internal volume.

[0106] This prompts the subject to breathe consciously.

[0107] The components can be arranged in a manner generally as described above.

[0108] The method may also include the step of adjusting the fluid flow rate.

[0109] The foregoing description of various embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of describing to those skilled in the art. The present invention is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to a single disclosed embodiment. As described above, numerous alternatives and variations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, while some alternative embodiments have been specifically discussed, other embodiments will be apparent or relatively readily developed to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to include all alternatives, modifications, and variations of the invention discussed herein, as well as other embodiments falling within the spirit and scope of the foregoing invention.

Claims

1. A device for prompting a subject to consciously breathe, characterized in that, include: A deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening that is in fluid communication with the internal volume and the external environment; Two or more rods are connected to the deformable body and extend into the internal volume, the two or more rods being adapted to offset in response to deformation of the deformable body; A handle or strap connected to the two or more rods, wherein deformation of the deformable body causes the handle or strap to provide stimulation to the subject; as well as A valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate between the internal volume and the external environment.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes fluid flow control adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate of the valve.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve and the fluid flow control are adapted to regulate the flow rate discretely or continuously.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The valve and fluid flow control are adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate between at least two different flow rates.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve and fluid flow control are configured to regulate the fluid flow rate between low, medium, and high fluid flow rates.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The handle or band defines its internal volume.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The internal volume of the handle or strap is in fluid communication with the internal volumes of the valve and the body.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The handle or band includes a hole at its distal end.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The handle or band is integrally formed with the valve.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Used to prompt subjects to breathe consciously.

11. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, When using this device, prompt the subject to breathe consciously.

12. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The handle or strap is interchangeable.

13. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The handle or strap is adjustable.

14. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The deformable body has a height of 76 cm. 3 With 105 cm 3 The internal volume between.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 6-14, characterized in that, The low fluid velocity is 13.8 cm. 3 / s and 19.1cm 3 The fluid velocity is between 19 cm / s and 19 cm / s. 3 / s and 26.3cm 3 The high fluid velocity is between 30.4 cm / s and 30.4 cm / s. 3 / s and 42cm 3 Between / s.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The time required to expel the internal air volume and the time required for air to enter the internal volume are 5.5 s when configured for low fluid flow rate, 4 s when configured for medium fluid flow rate, and 2.4 s when configured for high fluid flow rate.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that, The two or more rods are connected to the handle.

18. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body includes a single opening and / or a single valve.

19. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stimulus is a slapping motion.

20. A method for prompting a subject to consciously breathe, characterized in that, The method includes: The subject-grip device includes: a deformable body having an internal volume, the deformable body having an opening in fluid communication with the internal volume and an external environment; two or more rods connected to the deformable body and extending into the internal volume, the two or more rods being adapted to deflect in response to deformation of the deformable body; a handle or strap connected to the two or more rods, deformation of the deformable body causing the handle or strap to provide stimulation to the subject; and a valve located at the opening, wherein the valve is adapted to regulate the fluid flow rate therebetween. The subject applies pressure to the body to expel fluid from the internal volume. The subject removes the pressure on the body to allow fluid to enter the internal volume. Specifically, the subject inhales or exhales when fluid is discharged from the internal volume, and performs another of the inhalation or exhalation when fluid is allowed to flow into the internal volume. This prompts the subject to breathe consciously.

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