A deep-sea aquaculture system and aquaculture method for the entire life cycle of fish

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deep-sea aquaculture system and aquaculture method for the whole life cycle of fish, which is used in the deep sea and includes an integrated water platform; the integrated water platform is provided with a plurality of foundation piles; the bottom of the foundation piles is inserted into the seabed; a breeding workshop and a tailwater treatment unit are installed on the integrated water platform; a breeding pool, a nursery pool, an incubation pool and a temperature control unit are arranged in the breeding workshop; the breeding pool, the nursery pool and the incubation pool are connected to the temperature control unit through a water supply pipeline, and the breeding pool, the nursery pool and the incubation pool are also connected to the tailwater treatment unit through a drainage pipeline; a net is also hung at the bottom of the breeding pool. The present invention uses marine clean energy to provide sufficient energy for fishery breeding facilities, adopts a rotation breeding mode combining underwater breeding nets and aquatic breeding workshops, provides a suitable growth environment and habitat space for farmed fish, and realizes marine breeding of the whole life cycle of fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of deep-sea fisheries, and in particular relates to a deep-sea aquaculture system and a method for the full life cycle of fish. Background Art

[0002] China is a major fishing country in the world, and its total aquaculture output has been ranked first in the world for many years. At present, China's marine aquaculture is basically concentrated in offshore waters, and the main aquaculture models include ponds, cofferdams, cages, and land-based factories. Faced with the problems that restrict the high-quality development of marine aquaculture, such as the deterioration of the ecological environment and the degradation of aquaculture space caused by human activities such as disorderly extensive aquaculture, excessive resource harvesting, offshore industrial production, and reclamation projects, China's marine aquaculture industry must expand new space and explore more advanced aquaculture equipment and technology.

[0003] Due to the limitations of natural environmental factors such as water temperature in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, only a small number of wide-temperature fish can be farmed throughout their life cycle in natural water bodies such as ponds, cofferdams and cages. Most of them are only farmed in the sea during a certain stage of their life history, and are operated in land-based factory workshops for the other stages. There are problems such as limited farmed varieties, low survival rate, complicated processes and high economic costs. In recent years, in order to restore the offshore ecological environment, traditional aquaculture facilities such as ponds, cofferdams and fish rafts are being gradually abolished, and offshore aquaculture space is being continuously squeezed. Advancing into the deep sea is an inevitable trend in the development of marine aquaculture.

[0004] In order to develop the marine economy with high quality and coordinate the development of marine resources, various marine industries are constantly exploring ways to cooperate. The integrated development of marine clean energy and fisheries is an inevitable trend to efficiently allocate resources and production capacity and improve comprehensive benefits. Therefore, the deep-sea aquaculture system and aquaculture method for the entire life cycle of fish proposed in the present invention can carry out targeted aquaculture according to the biological characteristics of different fish, use the power guarantee provided by marine clean energy, complete the full life cycle aquaculture of fish in deep-sea waters, expand fishery aquaculture space, optimize aquaculture technology, and protect the ecological environment, in order to provide people with better quality animal protein, ensure the quality and safety of aquatic products and food supply, and improve the comprehensive effectiveness of the marine economy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea aquaculture system and aquaculture method for the entire life cycle of fish, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the purpose of marine aquaculture of the entire life cycle of fish.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A deep-sea aquaculture system for the entire life cycle of fish, used in the deep sea, comprises an integrated water platform; the integrated water platform comprises a plurality of foundation piles; the bottom of the foundation piles is inserted into the seabed; the integrated water platform is equipped with an aquaculture workshop and a tailwater treatment unit; the aquaculture workshop is provided with a breeding pond, a nursery pond, an incubation pond and a temperature control unit; the breeding pond, the nursery pond and the incubation pond are connected to the temperature control unit through a water supply pipe, and the breeding pond, the nursery pond and the incubation pond are also connected to the tailwater treatment unit through a drainage pipe; a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the breeding pond (6); an opening and closing component is installed at the connecting groove, and a net is hung on the breeding pond through the opening and closing component; the opening and closing component is used to realize the switching of aquaculture products between natural breeding areas and artificial breeding areas.

[0008] The temperature control unit includes a water supply pump group and a constant temperature unit; the water supply pump group pumps out seawater and transports it to the constant temperature unit through the water supply pipeline; the constant temperature unit transports the seawater to the breeding pool, the nursery pool and the hatching pool respectively through the water supply pipeline.

[0009] The opening and closing assembly comprises a gate installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the breeding pond and a fixed frame fixedly installed in the breeding pond; the net is hung on the fixed frame; the net is placed under the water integrated platform through the gate.

[0010] The net includes a breeding net, the top of which is hung on the fixed frame, and staggered horizontal force grids and vertical force grids are fixedly installed on the breeding net; sinkers are evenly installed on the bottom of the vertical force grid.

[0011] The tailwater treatment unit includes a drainage pump group, a sedimentation tank and a multi-stage biological filtration tank; the bottoms of the breeding pond, the nursery pond and the hatching pond are connected to the drainage pump group through a drainage pipe; the drainage pipes are respectively installed with a blocking net at one end close to the breeding pond, the nursery pond and the hatching pond; the drainage pump group is connected to the sedimentation tank and the multi-stage biological filtration tank in turn through the drainage pipe; the multi-stage biological filtration tank discharges the tailwater into the deep sea through a diversion pipe.

[0012] An energy supply unit is installed on the top of the breeding workshop. The energy supply unit is a photovoltaic panel fixedly installed on the top surface of the breeding workshop and a wind tower fixedly installed on the above-water integrated platform.

[0013] At least four foundation piles are provided and are respectively arranged at four corners of the above-water integrated platform; and the height of the foundation piles is greater than the historical highest tide level of the deep sea level.

[0014] A method for deep-sea aquaculture of fish throughout their life cycle, including a deep-sea aquaculture system for fish throughout their life cycle, and seedling cultivation; the temperatures of a hatching pool, a seedling cultivation pool, and a breeding pool are set respectively by a constant temperature unit, and the cultured fish are moved into the seedling cultivation pool after the hatching pool has hatched, and are moved into the breeding pool after the fish have passed the fry and juvenile stage in the seedling cultivation pool;

[0015] Natural breeding: When the seawater temperature rises or drops to a suitable temperature for fish, the breeding net is installed on the fixed frame in the breeding pond, the gate is opened, and the fish and net fall into the seawater, and seawater breeding begins;

[0016] Artificial breeding: When the seawater temperature drops or rises to near the minimum or maximum growth water temperature, set the constant temperature unit temperature to be consistent with the seawater, lift the breeding net to recover the fish into the breeding pond, close the gate, and start breeding in the breeding pond.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: (1) The system and model use clean offshore energy to provide power support for marine aquaculture, expand the space for fishery aquaculture, promote the comprehensive utilization of marine resources, enhance the ecological benefits of the marine industry, and promote the high-quality development of the marine economy.

[0018] (2) A combination of underwater natural aquaculture and surface artificial aquaculture is used to achieve marine aquaculture of fish throughout their life cycle, making full use of underwater, surface and surface space in the sea area, saving land resources and expanding marine development space.

[0019] (3) Compared with full-process factory farming, this system and model reduces farming costs, improves fish habitats, and makes fish quality closer to that of wild populations. It also solves the problem of a single suitable fish species due to the limited water temperature conditions in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.

[0020] (4) The integrated aquaculture facilities consisting of aquaculture nets and aquaculture ponds reduce the stimulation of environmental changes on fish during the sea-land relay aquaculture process, reduce the damage and death caused by stress reactions, and are conducive to improving aquaculture production and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure;

[0023] Among them, 1-breeding net, 2-horizontal force network, 3-vertical force network, 4-sinker, 5-breeding workshop, 6-breeding pond, 7-seedling pool, 8-hatching pool, 9-water supply pump group, 10-water supply pipeline, 11-constant temperature unit, 12-net, 13-drainage pump group, 14-sedimentation tank, 15-multi-stage biological filter, 16-drainage pipeline, 17-wind tower, 18-photovoltaic panel, 19-water integrated platform, 20-gate, 21-fixed frame, 22-foundation pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] A deep-sea aquaculture system for the entire life cycle of fish, used in the deep sea, comprises an integrated water platform 19; the integrated water platform 19 comprises a plurality of foundation piles 22; the bottoms of the foundation piles 22 are inserted into the seabed; a breeding workshop 5 and a tailwater treatment unit are installed on the integrated water platform 19; a breeding pool 6, a nursery pool 7, an incubation pool 8 and a temperature control unit are arranged in the breeding workshop 5; the breeding pool 6, the nursery pool 7 and the incubation pool 8 are connected with the temperature control unit through a water supply pipe 10, and the breeding pool 6, the nursery pool 7 and the incubation pool 8 are also connected with the tailwater treatment unit through a drainage pipe 16; a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the breeding pool 6; an opening and closing component is installed at the connecting groove, and a net is hung on the breeding pool 6 through the opening and closing component; the opening and closing component is used to realize the switching of aquaculture products between natural breeding areas and artificial breeding areas.

[0027] The temperature control unit includes a water supply pump group 9 and a constant temperature unit 11; the water supply pump group 9 pumps out seawater and transports it to the constant temperature unit 11 through the water supply pipe 10; the constant temperature unit 11 transports the seawater to the breeding pool 6, the seedling pool 7 and the hatching pool 8 respectively through the water supply pipe 10.

[0028] The opening and closing assembly includes a gate 20 installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the breeding pond 6 and a fixed frame 21 fixedly installed in the breeding pond 6; a net is hung on the fixed frame 21; and the net is placed under the integrated water platform 19 through the gate 20.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side length or diameter of the gate 20 is 1 / 2 of the inner side length or diameter of the breeding pond 6 .

[0030] Furthermore, the nets are placed below the sea surface to achieve marine aquaculture in a natural state.

[0031] The net comprises a breeding net 1, the top of which is hung on a fixed frame 21, and a staggered horizontal force network 2 and a vertical force network 3 are fixedly installed on the breeding net 1; sinkers 4 are evenly installed at the bottom of the vertical force network 3.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal force network 2 and the vertical force network 3 provide force support for the aquaculture net 1, increase the strength of the net, reduce the possibility of net damage, and prevent the escape of farmed fish; the top of the aquaculture net 1 is assembled on a fixed frame 21 in the aquaculture pond 6, and the outer side of the bottom is connected to the sinker 4 through the vertical force network 3. To prevent the net from tilting, sinkers 4 of the same weight are evenly distributed on the bottom of the net.

[0033] The tailwater treatment unit includes a drainage pump group 13, a sedimentation tank 14 and a multi-stage biological filtration tank 15; the bottom of the breeding pond 6, the nursery pond 7 and the hatching pond 8 are connected to the drainage pump group 13 through a drainage pipe 16; the drainage pipe 16 is respectively installed with a barrier net 12 at one end close to the breeding pond 6, the nursery pond 7 and the hatching pond 8; the drainage pump group 13 is connected to the sedimentation tank 14 and the multi-stage biological filtration tank 15 in turn through the drainage pipe 16; the multi-stage biological filtration tank 15 discharges the tailwater into the deep sea through a diversion pipe.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the barrier net 12 is used to prevent the fry from being discharged.

[0035] An energy supply unit is installed on the top of the breeding workshop. The energy supply unit is a photovoltaic panel 18 fixedly installed on the top surface of the breeding workshop 5 and a wind tower 17 fixedly installed on the integrated platform 19 on the water.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the wind tower 17 is used to realize offshore wind power generation; the photovoltaic panel 18 is used to realize solar power generation.

[0037] Furthermore, the energy supply unit is a water supply pump group 9, a thermostatic unit 11 and a drainage pump group 13 through an electric power source.

[0038] At least four foundation piles 22 are provided and are respectively arranged at four corners of the integrated water platform 19; the height of the foundation piles 22 is greater than the historical highest tide level of the deep sea level.

[0039] A system for deep-sea aquaculture of fish throughout their life cycle, including a deep-sea aquaculture system for fish throughout their life cycle, and seedling cultivation; the temperatures of a hatching pool, a seedling cultivation pool, and a breeding pool are set respectively by a constant temperature unit, and the cultured fish are moved into the seedling cultivation pool after the hatching pool has hatched, and are moved into the breeding pool after the fish have passed the fry and juvenile stage in the seedling cultivation pool;

[0040] Natural breeding: When the seawater temperature rises or drops to a suitable temperature for fish, the breeding net is installed on the fixed frame in the breeding pond, the gate is opened, and the fish and net fall into the seawater, and seawater breeding begins;

[0041] Artificial breeding: When the seawater temperature drops or rises to near the minimum or maximum growth water temperature, set the constant temperature unit temperature to be consistent with the seawater, lift the breeding net to recover the fish into the breeding pond, close the gate, and start breeding in the breeding pond.

[0042] Embodiment 1: Warm water fish grouper breeding.

[0043] Grouper is a valuable economic fish in my country. Its natural population is mainly distributed in the waters of the East China Sea and the South China Sea. At present, land-based factory farming and a small amount of land-sea relay farming are mainly adopted in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The deep-sea farming system provided by the present invention can realize the full life history farming of grouper in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The specific farming mode is: the grouper is moved into the nursery pool 7 after the hatching pool 8 is hatched, and is moved into the breeding pool 6 after the juvenile period in the nursery pool 7. When the seawater temperature rises to the suitable water temperature for the growth of grouper, the water temperature of the breeding pool 6 is slowly adjusted by the constant temperature unit 11, so that the temperature difference between it and the natural sea water body is less than 2°C, the breeding net 1 is hung on the fixed frame 21, the grouper is gradually gathered in the middle of the breeding pool 6, the gate 20 is opened, and the grouper and the net enter the natural sea through the gate. When the seawater temperature in the natural sea area drops below the water temperature suitable for the growth of grouper, start the constant temperature unit 5, set the temperature to be the same as the seawater temperature, lift the breeding net 1 to take the grouper back into the breeding pond 6, close the gate 20, and the seawater drawn by the water supply pump group 9 is heated by the constant temperature unit 5, and then injected into the breeding pond 6 through the water supply pipe 10. The breeding net 2 is taken out from the breeding pond 6, and is washed, dried, disinfected, and stored after checking the safety status of the net. While the grouper is growing in the breeding pond 6, the drainage pump group 13 is turned on, and the tail water in the breeding workshop 5 enters the sedimentation tank 14 and the multi-stage filter tank 15 in sequence through the drainage pipe 16, and finally discharged into the sea.

[0044] Example 2: Farming of cold-water fish salmon.

[0045] Salmon is rich in animal protein, but the low water temperature for growth limits salmon farming in most sea areas of my country. Therefore, my country's salmon market is mainly imported from abroad. The deep-sea farming system provided by the present invention can realize the full life history farming of salmon in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The specific farming mode is: the salmon are moved into the nursery pond 7 after the hatching pond 8 emerges from the membrane, and are moved into the breeding pond 6 after spending the juvenile period in the nursery pond. When the seawater temperature drops to a suitable low temperature for the growth of salmon, the water temperature of the breeding pond is slowly adjusted so that the temperature difference range between it and the natural sea water is less than 2°C, and the breeding net 2 is passed through the fixed frame 21 to gradually gather the salmon to the middle of the breeding pond 6, and the gate 20 is opened, and the salmon and the net pass through the gate 20 to enter the natural sea area. When the temperature of the seawater in the natural sea area rises to a temperature higher than the suitable water temperature for salmon growth, start the constant temperature unit 11, set the temperature to the same as the seawater temperature, lift the aquaculture net 1 to take the salmon back into the aquaculture pond 6, and close the gate 20; the seawater drawn by the water supply pump group 9 is cooled by the constant temperature unit 11, and then injected into the aquaculture pond 6 through the water supply pipe 10. The aquaculture net 2 is taken out from the aquaculture pond 6, and is washed, dried, disinfected, and stored after checking the safety status of the net. While the salmon is growing in the aquaculture pond 6, the drainage pump group 13 is turned on, and the tail water in the aquaculture workshop 5 enters the sedimentation tank 14 and the multi-stage filter tank 15 in sequence through the drainage pipe 16, and finally discharged into the sea.

[0046] Different types of salmon have different growing cycles. Depending on the specific salmon species and its biological characteristics, they are cultured in natural seas during the season when the water temperature is suitable in the natural sea during their breeding cycle. They are then placed in constant temperature breeding ponds before the sea temperature rises above the suitable growth temperature, thus realizing deep-sea breeding of salmon throughout their life cycle.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea aquaculture system for the entire life cycle of fish, used in the deep sea, characterized in that: include: An integrated water platform (19); the integrated water platform (19) comprises a plurality of foundation piles (22); the bottom of the foundation piles (22) is inserted into the seabed; a breeding workshop (5) and a tailwater treatment unit are installed on the integrated water platform (19); a breeding pool (6), a nursery pool (7), an incubation pool (8) and a temperature control unit are arranged in the breeding workshop (5); the breeding pool (6), the nursery pool (7) and the incubation pool (8) are connected to the temperature control unit through a water supply pipe (10), and the breeding pool (6), the nursery pool (7) and the incubation pool (8) are also connected to the tailwater treatment unit through a drainage pipe (16); a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the breeding pool (6); an opening and closing component is installed at the connecting groove, and a net is hung on the breeding pool (6) through the opening and closing component; the opening and closing component is used to realize the switching of the breeding products between the natural breeding area and the artificial breeding area; The temperature control unit comprises a water supply pump group (9) and a constant temperature unit (11); the water supply pump group (9) pumps out seawater and transports it to the constant temperature unit (11) through the water supply pipeline (10); the constant temperature unit (11) transports the seawater to the breeding pool (6), the nursery pool (7) and the hatching pool (8) respectively through the water supply pipeline (10); The opening and closing assembly comprises a gate (20) installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the breeding pond (6) and a fixed frame (21) fixedly installed in the breeding pond (6); the net is hung on the fixed frame (21); the net is placed under the water integrated platform (19) through the gate (20); The net comprises a breeding net (1), the top of which is hung on the fixed frame (21), and the breeding net (1) is fixedly mounted with staggered horizontal force bars (2) and vertical force bars (3); sinkers (4) are evenly mounted on the bottom of the vertical force bars (3).

2. The deep-sea aquaculture system for the entire life cycle of fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailwater treatment unit comprises a drainage pump group (13), a sedimentation tank (14) and a multi-stage biological filtration tank (15); the bottoms of the breeding tank (6), the nursery tank (7) and the hatching tank (8) are connected to the drainage pump group (13) through a drainage pipe (16); a barrier net (12) is installed at one end of the drainage pipe (16) close to the breeding tank (6), the nursery tank (7) and the hatching tank (8); the drainage pump group (13) is connected to the sedimentation tank (14) and the multi-stage biological filtration tank (15) in sequence through the drainage pipe (16); and the multi-stage biological filtration tank (15) discharges the tailwater into the deep sea through a diversion pipe.

3. The deep-sea aquaculture system for fishes with a full life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An energy supply unit is installed on the top of the breeding workshop, and the energy supply unit is a photovoltaic panel (18) fixedly installed on the top surface of the breeding workshop (5) and a wind tower (17) fixedly installed on the above-water integrated platform (19).

4. The deep-sea aquaculture system for fishes with a full life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least four foundation piles (22) are provided and are respectively arranged at the four corners of the above-water integrated platform (19); the height of the foundation piles (22) is greater than the historical highest tide level of the deep sea level.

5. A method for deep-sea aquaculture of fish throughout their life cycle, comprising the deep-sea aquaculture system of fish throughout their life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Seedling raising: The temperature of the hatching pool, nursery pool and breeding pool is set by the constant temperature unit. The cultured fish are moved to the nursery pool after the hatching fish emerges from the hatching pool, and then moved to the breeding pool after the fry and juvenile fish pass the nursery stage; Natural breeding: When the seawater temperature rises or drops to a suitable temperature for fish, the breeding net is installed on the fixed frame in the breeding pond, the gate is opened, and the fish and net fall into the seawater, and seawater breeding begins; Artificial breeding; When the seawater temperature drops or rises to near the minimum or maximum growth water temperature, the constant temperature unit temperature is set to be consistent with the seawater, the breeding net is lifted to recover the fish into the breeding pond, the gate is closed, and breeding in the breeding pond begins.

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