A method for protecting slopes by combining a native artemisia plant with a fiber blanket

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically relating to a slope protection method combining native Artemisia species with fiber blankets. The slope protection method includes: (1) applying humus to the slope; (2) sowing seed-containing inflorescences using a strip sowing method; (3) covering the sown area with 0.5cm-1.5cm of fine soil; (4) then covering with a fiber blanket; and (5) watering the slope within two months of sowing, based on rainfall, to maintain the soil volumetric moisture content at 10%-18%. This method can increase the vegetation coverage of roadside slopes to 87%, achieve a slope vegetation productivity of 90%, and reduce soil erosion by more than 50%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically relating to a slope protection method that combines native Artemisia species with fiber blankets. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the development of road transportation has created large areas of slopes with exposed surfaces and loose soil, which are the main causes of soil erosion. Slope vegetation restoration and reconstruction are important measures to prevent slope soil erosion.

[0003] The main problems with current roadside vegetation restoration technology are the large-scale introduction of alien species that are incompatible with the original ecosystem, such as vetiver, clover, and ryegrass. These species have poor adaptability to the climate, soil, and other environmental conditions of the slope area and often show signs of gradual decline. The maintenance costs are high and the returns are low. Alien species also pose high ecological risks.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for slope protection using a single native plant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for applying a single native Artemisia species to slope protection. This method allows for the selection of suitable native plant species for planting based on regional climate characteristics and slope substrate conditions, thereby restoring slope vegetation. It exhibits strong environmental adaptability and avoids the risk of invasive alien species.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a slope protection method combining native Artemisia species with fiber blankets, comprising: (1) applying humus to the slope; (2) sowing seed-containing inflorescences using a strip sowing method; (3) covering the sown area with 0.5cm-1.5cm of fine soil; (4) then covering with fiber blankets; (5) watering the soil within 2 months after sowing according to the amount of rainfall, so that the soil volumetric moisture content is maintained at 10%-18%.

[0008] Another aspect of the present invention provides the application of native Artemisia species in slope protection, wherein the slope is a soil-rock mixed substrate and the slope angle is ≤50°.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention include:

[0010] (1) Compared with the method of using alien species for slope vegetation, the method of the present invention uses native Artemisia species adapted to the local climate and soil environment to restore vegetation, which not only better prevents the risk of alien species invasion, but also increases the coverage of native plants on the slope to more than 80%, making the vegetation more stable and sustainable.

[0011] (2) The seedlings of Artemisia genus selected in the method of the present invention have a wide range of environmental adaptability, and this method can be used in habitats with different ecological environment conditions;

[0012] (3) The main materials used in the method of the present invention are all from the natural distribution area of ​​native Artemisia species. Auxiliary materials and biochemical reagents are basically not used. That is, the materials are easy to collect, the cost is low, the benefits are good, and it does not cause environmental pollution.

[0013] (4) The method of the present invention selects a single plant for planting and slope protection, which is simple, easy to operate, and suitable for large-scale application in slope vegetation restoration;

[0014] (5) The method of the present invention can increase the vegetation coverage of the slope to 87%, increase the vegetation productivity by 90%, and reduce soil erosion by more than 50%. That is, the method can quickly restore the slope vegetation and can be directly applied to the restoration and reconstruction of bare land and slope vegetation, which can obtain considerable ecological and economic benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The embodiments described are provided to better illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the embodiments described. Therefore, non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art based on the above description are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless they have a distinct meaning in the context. As used herein, it should be understood that terms such as “comprising,” “having,” “including,” are intended to indicate the presence of features, numbers, operations, components, parts, elements, materials, or combinations thereof. The terminology of the invention is disclosed in the specification and is not intended to exclude the possibility that one or more other features, numbers, operations, components, parts, elements, materials, or combinations thereof may be present or added. As used herein, “ / ” may be interpreted as “and” or “or,” depending on the context.

[0017] In this invention, vegetation productivity refers to the vegetation biomass per unit area per unit time (year).

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention provides a slope protection method combining native Artemisia species with fiber blankets, comprising: (1) applying humus to the slope; (2) sowing seed-containing inflorescences using a strip sowing method; (3) covering the sown area with 0.5cm-1.5cm of fine soil; (4) then covering with fiber blankets; (5) watering the soil within 2 months after sowing according to rainfall to maintain the soil volumetric moisture content at 10%-18%.

[0019] It should be noted that Artemisia, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a perennial herb or semi-shrub with abundant species and widespread distribution in nature. Artemisia has a well-developed root system, forming a strong root layer 20-30cm below the soil surface; it has a high seed yield, is easy to collect, has a long growing season, strong resistance to adverse conditions, and a strong ability to conserve soil and water.

[0020] In addition, native Artemisia species are those found in the area of ​​the slope requiring protection. Examples include Artemisia vestita Wall. ex Bess, A. vestita Wall. ex Bess, A. annua Linn., and A. gmelinii Web. ex Stechm, which are widely distributed in nature. These species exhibit strong adaptability to the regional ecological environment, high survival rates, and manageable ecological risks. Specific Artemisia species can be selected based on the specific slope to be protected.

[0021] In addition, native Artemisia species are selected as pioneer plants for the slope protection project area. These are planted on the slope at appropriate times and combined with fiber blanket mulching. This artificially regulates soil nutrients and moisture, promoting seed germination and seedling establishment, ultimately achieving the goal of rapid slope greening and soil and water conservation. Watering is conducted according to rainfall to maintain soil moisture content at 10%-18%. One purpose of this is to retain soil nutrients and moisture, promoting seed germination and seedling establishment. Furthermore, fiber blanket mulching can mitigate the negative impact of dust on seedling survival and growth, improving plant survival rate and initial growth.

[0022] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia species and fiber blankets, the slope selection conditions are one or more of the following two: (a) the slope is a slope matrix of mixed soil and rock; (b) the slope gradient is ≤50°.

[0023] It should be noted that this invention is more suitable for slope substrates with mixed soil and rock, and not suitable for pure rock slopes; in addition, the slope angle can preferably be ≤50°, as excessively large slopes make sowing, management and other operations difficult.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia species and fiber blankets, in step (1), the volume ratio of humus and slope soil is 1:2 for soil improvement. This ratio can most effectively improve the soil improvement effect.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the total organic carbon content of the humus soil was 17.1 g·kg⁻¹, pH 5.5, and bulk density 1 g·cm³. -3 Total nitrogen 2.6 g·kg -1 Available phosphorus 8.4 mg·kg -1. Quick-acting potassium 89 mg / kg -1 .

[0026] It should be noted that the purpose of humus is to regulate the nutrients on the slope, promote seed germination and seedling establishment, and generally select soil from 0cm-20cm below the forest floor.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia species with fiber blankets, in step (2), the sowing density is such that the resulting vegetation cover is 80%-85%. The sowing rate is 54 g / m². 2 -60g / m 2 .

[0028] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia species and fiber blankets, in step (2), the sowing time is in mid-to-late March.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia plants and fiber blankets, step (2) includes the preparation of seed-containing inflorescences: during the seed maturity period, select vigorous Artemisia plants that are free from pests and diseases and have strong branches to harvest the inflorescences; place them in a ventilated and dry environment to dry, and store them in a dry cloth bag at room temperature.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia species and fiber blankets, in step (3), after sowing, a 1cm thick layer of fine soil is covered.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, in the above-mentioned slope protection method combining native Artemisia species and fiber blankets, in step (4), the fiber blanket is spread out from top to bottom and laid flat until the bottom of the slope, and then fixed with fasteners.

[0032] It should be noted that the purpose of covering with fiber blankets is to retain water and prevent seed loss. The laying method may include: excavating the anchoring trench at the top of the slope; laying the front end of the fiber blanket in the anchoring trench and securing it with fasteners (small wooden stakes 30cm high), then covering it with soil and compacting it; spreading the fiber blanket flat from top to bottom to the bottom of the slope, securing it with fasteners, and then covering it with soil and compacting it. The overlap direction between adjacent fiber blankets should be consistent with the wind direction, and the overlap width should be greater than 10cm; every 2m... 2 Secure with 4 fasteners.

[0033] Another embodiment of the present invention provides the application of native Artemisia species in slope protection, wherein the slope is a soil-rock mixed substrate and the slope angle is ≤50°.

[0034] It should be noted that applying native Artemisia species to slope protection can avoid the risk of invasive alien species, and is easy to obtain and has high economic benefits.

[0035] To better understand the present invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the examples below.

[0036] In the following embodiments, vegetation was planted on the roadside slopes in Maoxian County, upstream of the Minjiang River.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] (1) Seed Acquisition and Storage: Select vigorous plants free from pests and diseases and with strong branches to harvest small inflorescences. Place them in a ventilated, dry environment to dry, then pack them in a dry cloth bag and store at room temperature;

[0039] (2) Slope substrate treatment: Select a highway slope with a width of 12m, a slope of about 57°, and a soil-rock mixture with a volume percentage of 30% gravel, covering an area of ​​70m². 2 The slope surface was leveled; forest humus soil (0-20cm below the surface) was selected with a total organic carbon content of 17.1 g·kg⁻¹, pH 5.5, and bulk density of 1 g·cm³. -3 Total nitrogen 2.6 g / kg -1 Available phosphorus 8.4 mg·kg -1 Quick-acting potassium 89 mg·kg -1 Apply humus to the slope soil in the 0cm-20cm soil layer at a volume ratio of humus to slope soil of 1:2, and mix evenly; set up 3 parallel sections.

[0040] (3) Sowing: Sowing was carried out in late March using the strip-shaped artificial seed direct sowing method. Before sowing, the fruit clusters were soaked in tap water for 12 hours, and the sowing depth was approximately 1 cm. Based on the results of indoor seed germination rate experiments, the total sowing density (with vegetation cover between 80% and 85%) and the number of seeds required for each species were estimated. The sowing density was determined to be 60 g / m² for all habitat treatments. 2 Density sowing;

[0041] (4) Management measures: The annual rainfall in this area is 462 mm and the soil volume moisture content is 17.3%. Immediately after sowing, cover the ground with a vegetation blanket to retain water and prevent seed loss. Water once every 15 days within 2 months after sowing, and then the plants grow under natural climate conditions.

[0042] Benefit monitoring:

[0043] After sowing on the slope, three 1m×1m quadrats were set up at different slope locations (upper, middle, and lower) within each plot. The total vegetation cover was monitored monthly, and the germination rate and plant density were recorded. After the growing season, all plants within the 1m×1m quadrats were removed, and biomass was measured. The germination rate on the slope reached over 72%; at the end of the growing season, the plant survival rate was 90%, the vegetation cover was 85%, and the total biomass was 810 g / m². 2 Soil and water erosion has been reduced by 52%.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] (1) Seed acquisition and storage: Select vigorous plants free from pests and diseases and with strong branches to harvest small fruit clusters; place them in a ventilated and dry environment to dry, and store them in a dry cloth bag at room temperature;

[0046] (2) Slope substrate treatment: Select a highway slope with a width of 7.8m, a slope of about 43°, and a soil-rock mixture with a gravel volume percentage of 37%. The slope area is 86m². 2 The slope surface was leveled; forest humus soil (0-20cm below the surface) was selected with a total organic carbon content of 17.1 g·kg⁻¹, pH 5.5, and bulk density of 1 g·cm³. -3 Total nitrogen 2.6 g·kg -1 Available phosphorus 8.4 mg·kg -1 Quick-acting potassium 89 mg·kg -1 Apply humus to the slope soil in the 0cm-20cm soil layer at a ratio of humus to slope soil of 1:5, and mix evenly; set up 3 parallel sections.

[0047] (3) Sowing: In mid-to-late March, the artificial seed direct sowing method was adopted. Before sowing, the fruit clusters were soaked in tap water for 12 hours and then sown at a depth of about 1 cm. Based on the results of indoor germination rate experiments, the total sowing density (with vegetation cover between 80% and 85%) was estimated, and the sowing density was determined to be 60 g / m² for different habitat treatments. 2 Density sowing;

[0048] (4) Management measures: The annual rainfall in this area is 462 mm, and the soil volumetric moisture content is 15.6%. Immediately after sowing, cover the ground with a fiber blanket to retain moisture and prevent seed loss. Water every 15 days for the first two months after sowing, after which the plants will grow under natural climatic conditions.

[0049] Benefit monitoring:

[0050] After sowing on the slope, three 1m×1m quadrats were set up at different slope locations (upper, middle, and lower) within each plot. The total vegetation cover and species abundance were monitored monthly, and the germination rate and plant density were recorded. After the growing season, all plants within the 1m×1m quadrats were removed, and biomass was measured. The germination rate of native plants on the slope reached over 71%; at the end of the growing season, the plant survival rate was 83%, the vegetation cover was 80%, and the total biomass was 770 g / m². 2 Soil and water erosion has been reduced by 50%.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope protection method combining native Artemisia species and fiber blankets, characterized in that, include: (1) Apply humus to the slope, with a volume ratio of humus to slope soil of 1:2; (2) Sow the small fruit clusters containing seeds using the strip sowing method; (3) Cover with 0.5cm-1.5cm of fine soil after sowing; (4) Then cover with a fiber blanket; (5) Within two months after sowing, water according to the amount of rainfall to keep the soil volumetric moisture content at 10%-18%.

2. The slope protection method using a combination of Artemisia species and fiber blankets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selection criteria for slopes are one or both of the following two: (a) The slope has a mixed soil and rock substrate; (b) The slope of the slope is ≤50°.

3. The slope protection method using a combination of Artemisia species and fiber blankets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total organic carbon content of the humus soil is 17.1 g·kg⁻¹, pH 5.5, and bulk density 1 g·cm³. -3 Total nitrogen 2.6 g·kg -1 Available phosphorus 8.4 mg·kg -1 Quick-acting potassium 89 mg·kg -1 .

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the artemisia plant is combined with a fiber blanket. In step (2), the sowing density is such that the resulting vegetation cover is 80%-85%.

5. The slope protection method using a combination of Artemisia species and fiber blankets according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the sowing time is in mid-to-late March.

6. The method of revetment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In step (2), the preparation of the small inflorescence containing seeds includes: during the seed maturity period, selecting vigorous Artemisia plants free from pests and diseases and with strong branches to harvest the small inflorescences; placing them in a ventilated and dry environment to dry, and storing them in a dry cloth bag at room temperature.

7. The method of revetment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In step (3), after sowing, cover with 1cm of fine soil.

8. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the artemisia plant is combined with a fiber blanket. In step (4), the fiber blanket is spread out from top to bottom and laid flat until the bottom of the slope is fixed with fasteners.

9. Use of a native artemisia plant in combination with a fiber blanket in the care of a slope, characterized in that, The application includes the following slope protection methods: (1) Apply humus to the slope, with a volume ratio of humus to slope soil of 1:2; (2) Sow the small fruit clusters containing seeds using the strip sowing method; (3) Cover with 0.5cm-1.5cm of fine soil after sowing; (4) Then cover with a fiber blanket; (5) Within two months after sowing, water according to the amount of rainfall to keep the soil volumetric moisture content at 10%-18%.