A fault element extraction method, system and device

Abstract

The application provides a fault element extraction method, system and device, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a fault polygon based on the intersection line of the three-dimensional section of a fault and a stratum surface and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault; loading horizon data related to the fault; calculating the strike of the fault through linear fitting based on the spatial attribute of the fault polygon; preprocessing the fault polygon by resampling, control point elevation calculation and upper and lower disc splitting through at least a control point; and calculating fault elements according to the strike of the fault and the preprocessed fault polygon by steps. According to the method of the application, the fault elements can be automatically calculated only by the fault polygon and the horizon data, instead of the profile and the breakpoint data, and the operation is simple, the calculation is stable, the error is small, and the fault elements of all faults of a stratum can be quickly calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and more particularly to the field of seismic interpretation technology, specifically to the technical field of fault element extraction in structural interpretation during oil and gas seismic exploration and development interpretation. Background Technology

[0002] A fault is a geological structure formed when strata break under stress, resulting in significant relative displacement along the fracture surface. Faults vary in size. Large ones can extend thousands of kilometers along their strike and cut through the Earth's crust; they are usually composed of many faults and are called fault zones. Small ones are measured in centimeters in length and can be found in rock specimens.

[0003] Oil and gas are generated by fault control and exist due to fault sealing; faults can cause oil and gas migration, dispersion, or divide reservoirs into several parts. Fault interpretation provides crucial foundational information for seismic data interpretation, geological modeling, and subsequent reservoir evaluation. Fault elements such as strike, dip, dip angle, and displacement are important geological interpretation results. Traditionally, fault elements are extracted manually from seismic profiles using interactive tools. This process is often time-consuming and lacks accuracy. To address the problems of manual fault interpretation, automatic fault element extraction technology has been introduced for fault interpretation.

[0004] Therefore, in order to address the aforementioned shortcomings and problems in the existing technology, it is necessary to propose an optimized method for extracting fault features, which can reduce labor costs, decrease time and effort consumption, simplify the extraction process, and improve accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to propose an improved method, system and equipment for fault element extraction in oil and gas seismic exploration and development interpretation, thereby solving the problems of high labor costs, time and labor consumption and difficulty in guaranteeing accuracy in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for extracting fault features, wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0007] Based on the intersection of the three-dimensional cross section of the fault with the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault, the fault polygon is obtained.

[0008] Load the stratigraphic data associated with this fault;

[0009] Based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon, the strike of the fault is calculated by linear fitting.

[0010] Using this stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall, the fault polygon is preprocessed;

[0011] The fault features are calculated based on the fault's strike and the preprocessed fault polygon, with a step size.

[0012] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, the fault polygon obtained from the intersection line of the three-dimensional cross-section of the fault and the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault further includes:

[0013] In the 3D model, the 3D polygon of the fault is obtained by calculating the intersection of the 3D cross-section of the fault with the ground plane; and / or

[0014] The two-dimensional fault polygon can be obtained by directly reading seismic interpretation data from the two-dimensional base map.

[0015] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, the calculation of the fault strike based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon through linear fitting further includes:

[0016] The least squares method is used to fit a straight line to the two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional polygon of the fault as a scatter point, and the strike of the fault is obtained through the slope of the straight line.

[0017] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, the preprocessing of the fault polygon using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall further includes:

[0018] The control point resampling involves uniformly increasing the density of control points on the fault polygon.

[0019] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, the preprocessing of the fault polygon using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall further includes:

[0020] The control point elevation calculation involves interpolating the control points of the fault polygon using the stratigraphic data to assign elevation values ​​to the fault polygon.

[0021] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, the preprocessing of the fault polygon using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall further includes:

[0022] The splitting of the hanging wall and footwall includes calculating the extinction point and splitting the fault polygon into the hanging wall and footwall.

[0023] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, the method further includes:

[0024] Based on the calculated fault features, a standard fault feature table is output and a simulated fault image is generated.

[0025] Another aspect of the present invention provides a system for extracting fault features, comprising:

[0026] The fault polygon acquisition module is configured to obtain fault polygons based on the intersection of the three-dimensional cross section of the fault with the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault.

[0027] A stratigraphic data input module, configured to load stratigraphic data related to the fault;

[0028] The fault strike calculation module is configured to calculate the strike of the fault by linear fitting based on the spatial attributes of the fault polygon.

[0029] The extraction preprocessing module is configured to preprocess the fault polygon using the layer data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall.

[0030] The fault feature calculation module is configured to calculate fault features based on the fault's strike and the preprocessed fault polygon, with a step size.

[0031] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction system according to the present invention, the system further includes:

[0032] The merged output module is configured to merge and output a fault feature table based on the calculated fault features and generate a simulated fault image.

[0033] In another aspect, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs any of the above-described fault feature extraction methods according to the present invention.

[0034] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: Based on the method of the present invention, fault elements can be automatically calculated using only fault polygons and stratigraphic data, instead of having to calculate them using profile and fault point data. It does not require switching back and forth between profile and base map, so it is clear and easy for users to operate. The method is stable in calculation with very small error, and can quickly calculate the fault elements of all faults in a stratum within a few seconds and can output the fault element table according to the step size. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] In the diagram:

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the linear fitting of fault strike according to the fault feature extraction method of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the control point resampling method for fault feature extraction according to the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown for calculating the control point elevation;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, wherein fault features are calculated by compensation, is shown.

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fault feature table according to the fault feature extraction method of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown, comprising a simulated fault image (top) and a standard fault feature table (bottom).

[0045] Figure 9 A schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a fault feature extraction system according to the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium for implementing a fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an embodiment of a computer device for implementing a fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0049] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two different entities or different parameters with the same name. Therefore, "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as other steps or units inherent in a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units.

[0050] Traditionally, the extraction of fault features relies on interpreters manually measuring data from seismic profiles and base maps and using calculators, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the accuracy is difficult to guarantee.

[0051] According to the present invention, fault features can be automatically calculated using only fault polygons and stratigraphic data. Therefore, it is not only simple to operate, but also can quickly calculate the fault features of all faults in a stratum within a few seconds and output the fault feature table by step size.

[0052] The following section uses actual three-dimensional structural model data of a certain work area as an example to further explain the steps of the fault element extraction method according to the present invention and the beneficial effects achieved by the method of the present invention.

[0053] In short, the concept of this invention is based on the following key points: Based on the spatial properties of fault polygons, the fault strike can be calculated through linear fitting; using spatial geometric algorithms, features such as displacement, dip angle, and dip direction can be calculated from the hanging wall and footwall data, ultimately extracting all fault elements. Besides directly reading seismic interpretation data from interpreters, for three-dimensional model fault sections, the intersection line between the fault section and the ground plane can be calculated, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional polygon of the fault. This eliminates the need to calculate the elevation values ​​on the fault polygon, thus allowing for the extraction of fault elements. Compared with traditional methods, the method of this invention significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of fault interpretation, providing reliable data for subsequent geological modeling and reservoir prediction.

[0054] Therefore, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method 100 for extracting fault elements. Figure 1 A schematic block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the method includes:

[0055] Step S110: Based on the intersection of the three-dimensional cross section of the fault with the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault, obtain the fault polygon;

[0056] Step S120: Load the stratigraphic data related to the fault;

[0057] Step S130: Based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon, calculate the strike of the fault by linear fitting;

[0058] Step S140: Using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall, preprocess the fault polygon;

[0059] Step S150: Calculate the fault features based on the fault strike and the preprocessed fault polygon, using a step size.

[0060] In summary, to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, the following approach is used: 3D cross-sections and ground planes are used to calculate the intersection line or 2D interpretation data to obtain fault polygons for fault feature extraction; the strike of the fault polygons is obtained using straight line fitting; preparations for fault feature extraction are completed through control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and automatic separation of the hanging wall and footwall; and fault features are calculated by step size.

[0061] Specifically, in step S110, the fault polygon is first obtained based on the intersection of the three-dimensional cross section of the fault with the stratum corneum and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault. In other words, an advantage of the method according to the present invention compared to the prior art is that it not only allows for the acquisition of fault polygons using traditional methods that rely on interpreters manually measuring two-dimensional interpretation data from seismic profiles and base maps, but also allows for the acquisition of fault polygons using the intersection of the three-dimensional cross section in the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensionally calculated stratum corneum.

[0062] Subsequently, in step S120, stratigraphic data associated with the fault is loaded. More specifically, this stratigraphic data is thus associated with the fault polygon obtained in step S110.

[0063] Based on this, in step S130, the strike of the fault is calculated by linear fitting based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon obtained in step S110.

[0064] Then, in step S140, the fault polygon is preprocessed using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and wall-to-wall separation. Since fault feature extraction requires determining the wall and footwall of the fault, and the fault polygon obtained in the preceding steps is only a closed polygon, and in two dimensions the inflection points of the fault polygon lack elevation values, it is impossible to determine which control points belong to the footwall and which belong to the footwall. Therefore, in step S140, necessary data preparation processing, i.e., preprocessing before feature extraction, is performed on the obtained fault polygon. This preprocessing mainly includes fault polygon control point resampling, fault polygon control point elevation calculation, and wall-to-wall separation. The detailed implementation of the above preprocessing will be further explained in subsequent embodiments.

[0065] Finally, in step S150, fault features are calculated step by step based on the fault strike obtained in step S130 and the preprocessed fault polygon obtained in step S140. The fault features calculated step by step include at least the following detailed fault features: fault type, length, coordinates (X, Y), strike, dip, dip angle, horizontal fault slip, and vertical fault throw. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, wherein fault features are calculated by compensation, is shown.

[0066] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method 100 according to the present invention, step S110, based on the intersection of the three-dimensional cross-section of the fault with the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault, to obtain the fault polygon, further includes:

[0067] Step S111: Obtain the three-dimensional polygon of the fault by calculating the intersection of the three-dimensional cross-section of the fault with the ground plane in the three-dimensional model; and / or

[0068] Step S111′: Directly read the seismic interpretation data from the two-dimensional base map to obtain the two-dimensional polygon of the fault.

[0069] In other words, the present invention provides a method for extracting fault features in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional modes. According to the method of the present invention, on the one hand, the three-dimensional fault polygon can be obtained in a three-dimensional model by calculating the intersection of the three-dimensional cross-section of the fault with the ground plane, as in step S111, and this three-dimensional fault polygon itself already has elevation values; on the other hand, the two-dimensional fault polygon can be obtained by directly reading seismic interpretation data from interpreters on a two-dimensional base map, and this two-dimensional fault polygon does not have elevation values.

[0070] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method 100 according to the present invention, step S130, based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon, calculates the strike of the fault through linear fitting, further comprising:

[0071] Step S131: Use the least squares method to fit a straight line to the two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional fault polygon as a scatter point, and obtain the fault direction through the slope of the straight line.

[0072] Specifically, according to the method of the present invention, in step S131, the least squares method is used to fit a straight line to the two-dimensional fault polygons and / or three-dimensional fault polygons obtained in the preceding steps as scattered points, and the direction of the fault polygons is obtained through the slope of the straight line. Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the linear fitting of fault strike using the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown. For example, Figure 2 The fault shown strikes southwest (NW).

[0073] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method 100 according to the present invention, step S140, which uses the stratigraphic data and performs at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall, to preprocess the fault polygon, further includes: the control point resampling includes uniformly increasing the density of the control points of the fault polygon.

[0074] Specifically, the first preprocessing step in step S140 is control point resampling, which involves uniformly increasing the density of control points on the fault polygon, i.e., uniformly adding new control points. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of control point resampling in the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown. Further, the fault polygon obtained in step S110 typically only contains sampling data of a few control points, i.e., inflection points, which is far from sufficient for subsequent feature extraction. Therefore, in the preprocessing of control point resampling, resampling is performed between control points to uniformly increase new data points, such as... Figure 3 The control points are represented by dots, which not only increases the density of control points, but also homogenizes the information on the fault polygon.

[0075] In some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method 100 according to the present invention, step S140, which uses the stratigraphic data, performs at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splits the hanging wall and footwall to preprocess the fault polygon, further includes: the control point elevation calculation includes interpolating the control points of the fault polygon in combination with the stratigraphic data to assign elevation values ​​to the fault polygon.

[0076] Specifically, the second preprocessing step in step S140 is the control point elevation calculation, which includes interpolating the control points of the fault polygon based on the stratigraphic data to assign elevation values ​​to the fault polygon. Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the control point elevation calculation of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown. Further, the fault polygon obtained in step S110, especially in the two-dimensional case, does not possess elevation values. Without elevation values, subsequent feature extraction processes cannot distinguish which parts belong to the hanging wall and which belong to the footwall, thus failing to obtain certain feature information, such as the dip direction, which, by definition, should point from the hanging wall to the footwall. Therefore, in step S140, interpolation is used in conjunction with the stratigraphic data loaded in step S120 to assign elevation values ​​to the two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional fault polygon obtained in step S110, facilitating subsequent separation of the hanging wall and footwall.

[0077] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method 100 according to the present invention, step S140, which uses the stratigraphic data, performs at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and wall and footwall splitting to preprocess the fault polygon, further includes: the wall and footwall splitting includes pinch-out point calculation and splitting the fault polygon into the footwall and footwall.

[0078] Specifically, based on the aforementioned control point resampling and control point elevation calculation, pinch-out point calculation is performed to split the fault polygon into hanging wall and footwall, thereby facilitating subsequent feature extraction. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention, showing the separation of the hanging wall and footwall, is shown. For example, Figure 5 As shown, the light-colored dotted lines represent the hanging wall of the fault, while the dark-colored lines represent the footwall.

[0079] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the fault feature extraction method 100 according to the present invention, the method further includes:

[0080] Step S160: Based on the calculated fault features, merge and output a standard fault feature table and generate a simulated fault image.

[0081] To output the results of fault feature extraction in a more detailed and clear manner, the method according to the present invention further includes step S160, which involves merging the calculated fault features to output a standard fault feature table and generating a simulated fault image. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fault feature table according to the fault feature extraction method of the present invention is shown. Figure 8A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention is shown, comprising a simulated fault image (top) and a standard fault feature table (bottom). The fault feature table details the fault features extracted according to step size. Figure 8 The simulated fault image shown in the upper middle part vividly illustrates the shape of the fault.

[0082] Based on the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the method of the present invention can automatically calculate fault elements using only fault polygons and stratigraphic data, instead of having to calculate them using profile and fault point data. It eliminates the need to switch back and forth between profiles and base maps, making it clear and easy for users to operate. The method is stable in calculation with very small errors, and can quickly calculate the fault elements of all faults in a stratum within a few seconds and can output a fault element table according to the step size.

[0083] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a system 200 for extracting fault features. Figure 9 A schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a fault feature extraction system 200 according to the present invention is shown. Figure 9 As shown, the system includes:

[0084] Fault polygon acquisition module 210 is configured to obtain fault polygons based on the intersection line of the three-dimensional cross section of the fault and the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault.

[0085] Stratigraphic data input module 220, configured to load stratigraphic data related to the fault;

[0086] Fault strike calculation module 230 is configured to calculate the strike of the fault based on the spatial attributes of the fault polygon by linear fitting.

[0087] Extraction preprocessing module 240 is configured to preprocess the fault polygon using the layer data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and splitting of the hanging wall and footwall.

[0088] Fault feature calculation module 250 is configured to calculate fault features based on the strike of the fault and the preprocessed fault polygon by step size.

[0089] Additionally, in some embodiments of the fault feature extraction system 200 according to the present invention, the system further includes:

[0090] The merged output module is configured to merge and output a fault feature table based on the calculated fault features and generate a simulated fault image.

[0091] A third aspect of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium for a fault feature extraction method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 10 As shown, the computer-readable storage medium 300 stores computer program instructions 310, which can be executed by a processor. When executed, the computer program instructions 310 implement the method of any of the above embodiments.

[0092] It should be understood that, where there is no conflict, all the embodiments, features and advantages described above for the fault feature extraction method according to the present invention are equally applicable to the system and storage medium for fault feature extraction according to the present invention.

[0093] A fourth aspect of the present invention also provides a computer device 400, including a memory 420 and a processor 410, wherein the memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the method of any of the above embodiments.

[0094] like Figure 11 The diagram shown is a hardware structure schematic of an embodiment of a computer device for performing a fault feature extraction method provided by the present invention. Figure 11 Taking the computer device 400 shown as an example, this computer device includes a processor 410 and a memory 420, and may also include an input device 430 and an output device 440. The processor 410, memory 420, input device 430, and output device 440 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 11 Taking a bus connection as an example, the input device 430 can receive input digital or character information and generate signal inputs related to fault feature extraction. The output device 440 may include a display screen or other display device.

[0095] Memory 420, as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the resource monitoring method in this embodiment. Memory 420 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store the operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the use of the resource monitoring method, etc. In addition, memory 420 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 420 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to processor 410, and these remote memories can be connected to the local module via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0096] The processor 410 executes various server functions and data processing by running non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 420, thereby implementing the resource monitoring method of the above method embodiment.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium (e.g., memory) described herein can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. By way of example, and not limitation, non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM), which can act as external cache memory. By way of example, and not limitation, RAM can be obtained in various forms, such as synchronous RAM (DRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The storage devices disclosed herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and other suitable types of memory.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the functionality of various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps has been generally described. Whether this functionality is implemented as software or as hardware depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0099] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described herein can be implemented or performed using the following components designed to perform the functions herein: general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP, and / or any other such configuration.

[0100] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in this invention. However, it should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this invention as defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the methods according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of this invention may be described or claimed individually, they may be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to a singular number.

[0101] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular form "a" is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, "and / or" refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associatedly listed items. The embodiment numbers disclosed above are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0102] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of different aspects of the invention exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting fault features, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the intersection of the three-dimensional cross-section of the fault with the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault, the fault polygon is obtained. Load the stratigraphic data associated with the fault; Based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon, the strike of the fault is calculated by linear fitting. Using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and wall-end / wall splitting, the fault polygon is preprocessed; wherein, the control point resampling includes uniformly increasing the density of control points of the fault polygon, the control point elevation calculation includes interpolating the control points of the fault polygon with the stratigraphic data to assign elevation values ​​to the fault polygon, and the wall-end / wall splitting includes pinch-out point calculation and splitting the fault polygon into the wall and wall; Fault features are calculated based on the fault's orientation and the preprocessed fault polygon, with a step size.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intersection line between the three-dimensional cross-section of the fault and the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault, to obtain the fault polygon, further includes: In the 3D model, the 3D fault polygon is obtained by calculating the intersection of the 3D cross-section of the fault with the ground plane; and / or The two-dimensional fault polygon is obtained by directly reading seismic interpretation data from the two-dimensional base map.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step of calculating the fault's orientation through linear fitting based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon further includes: The fault polygon in two dimensions and / or three dimensions is fitted to a straight line using the least squares method, and the orientation of the fault is obtained from the slope of the straight line.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the calculated fault features, a standard fault feature table is output and a simulated fault image is generated.

5. A system for extracting fault features, characterized in that, include: A fault polygon acquisition module is configured to obtain fault polygons based on the intersection line between the three-dimensional cross section of the fault and the ground plane and / or the two-dimensional interpretation data of the fault. A stratigraphic data input module, configured to load stratigraphic data related to the fault; A fault strike calculation module is configured to calculate the strike of the fault by linear fitting based on the spatial properties of the fault polygon. An extraction preprocessing module is configured to preprocess the fault polygon using the stratigraphic data, after at least control point resampling, control point elevation calculation, and hanging wall and footwall splitting. The control point resampling includes uniformly increasing the density of control points on the fault polygon; the control point elevation calculation includes interpolating the control points of the fault polygon using the stratigraphic data to assign elevation values ​​to the fault polygon; and the hanging wall and footwall splitting includes pinch-out point calculation and splitting the fault polygon into the hanging wall and footwall. The fault element calculation module is configured to calculate fault elements based on the fault's strike and the preprocessed fault polygon, with a step size.

6. The fault feature extraction system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system further includes: The merged output module is configured to generate a simulated fault image based on the calculated fault element merged output standard fault element table.

7. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, performs the fault feature extraction method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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