Decoding method, device and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a decoding method, device and readable storage medium, which belong to the field of communication technology. The method includes: a decoding end determines a coding coefficient vector based on a received signal and an NSTBC codebook; and a decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period based on the coding coefficient vector, a differential space-time block code (DSTBC) coding method and the NSTBC codebook.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a decoding method, device and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Although traditional Orthogonal Space Time Block Code (OSTBC) codebooks, including Alamouti codes, can achieve full diversity gain and full rate, they are designed for traditional active RF communications without considering the modulation characteristics and implementation complexity of passive terminals such as backscatter communications. They also require the decoding end to know the Channel State Information (CSI) between all transmitting antennas and receiving antennas.

[0003] Currently, there is an urgent need for a decoding method for differential space-time block codes that does not require the decoding end to know the CSI between all transmitting antennas and receiving antennas and can reduce the complexity of system implementation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a decoding method, device, and readable storage medium, which can solve the problem that the decoding end cannot reduce the complexity of system implementation without knowing the CSI between all transmitting antennas and receiving antennas.

[0005] In a first aspect, a decoding method is provided, comprising:

[0006] The decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook;

[0007] The decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook.

[0008] In a second aspect, a decoding device is provided, comprising:

[0009] A first determination module is configured to determine, at a decoding end, a coding coefficient vector based on a received signal and an NSTBC codebook;

[0010] The differential decoding module is used for decoding the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook.

[0011] In a third aspect, a decoding terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0012] In a fourth aspect, a decoding end is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used for the decoding end to determine a coding coefficient vector based on a received signal and an NSTBC codebook; the decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period based on the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding method and the NSTBC codebook.

[0013] In a fifth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0014] In a sixth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instruction to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0015] In a seventh aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, wherein the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, a signal vector is constructed and a coding coefficient vector is calculated based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook structure. Furthermore, the original coded input symbol for the current symbol period is calculated and recovered based on the calculated coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC decoding method, and the NSTBC codebook. This decoding method enables recovery of the original symbol without a pilot signal, reducing system overhead. Furthermore, the NSTBC codebook can reduce the number or types of load impedances on each antenna while ensuring diversity gain, effectively reducing the probability of detection errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1a It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backscatter communication transmitter;

[0018] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of Alamouti space-time block code diversity transmission;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the decoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the network side device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to applications other than NR system applications, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, the decoding end can be deployed on a receiving device, such as a terminal or a network-side device. The terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted equipment (VUE), a pedestrian terminal (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), an ATM or a self-service machine, and other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network side device may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be referred to as a radio access network device, a radio access network (RAN), a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a WLAN access point or a WiFi node, etc. The base station may be referred to as a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), an access point, a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home node B, a home evolved node B, a transmitting and receiving point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to a specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.The core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility management entity (MME), access mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (PCRF), edge application server discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data repository (UDR), home subscriber server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network storage function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BSF), etc. Function, BSF), application function (Application Function, AF), etc. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is introduced as an example, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0028] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the following contents are first introduced:

[0029] The future 6G communication network needs to support massive Internet of Everything, in which the number of IoT devices will reach hundreds of billions, and its connection density will increase by 10-100 times compared with 5G, reaching 10-100 / m 2The massive number of IoT devices poses new challenges in terms of cost and power consumption. Cellular networking, low cost, low power consumption, and even zero-power passive devices are the key trends in future IoT device development. Traditional passive terminals, limited by power consumption and hardware capabilities, typically have a communication transmission range of less than 10 meters, far from the 100-meter coverage goal of cellular networking. Therefore, effectively increasing the communication range of passive terminals has become a challenge that needs to be addressed when implementing this technology into cellular networks.

[0030] Since backscatter communication (BSC) controls the signal amplitude or phase by varying the load impedance, and considering other non-ideal factors in the BSC modulation circuit, the output signal amplitude or phase may contain errors to varying degrees. However, as long as these signal errors are within a resolvable range, they have little impact on signal demodulation. Therefore, if the number or types of load impedances to be controlled on each antenna are reduced, the tolerable error can be greater, and the probability of false detection is reduced. Furthermore, due to the power consumption and capability limitations of the BSC UE, in some cases, it is undesirable to waste power and resources by transmitting pilot signals. This means that the decoder can complete signal demodulation without requiring knowledge of CSI information.

[0031] Backscatter Communication (BSC)

[0032] Backscatter communication refers to the backscatter communication device using the radio frequency signal from other devices or the environment to modulate the signal to transmit its own information. Its modulation circuit is as follows Figure 1a As shown in Figure 1, the backscatter communication device controls the reflection coefficient Γ of the circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, etc. of the incident signal to achieve signal modulation. The reflection coefficient of the signal can be expressed as:

[0033]

[0034] Where Z0 is the antenna characteristic impedance, Z1 is the load impedance, j represents a complex number, θ T Indicates the phase. Assume that the incident signal is S in (t), the output signal is Therefore, by properly controlling the reflection coefficient, corresponding amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, or phase modulation can be achieved. Based on this, a backscatter communication device can be a tag in a traditional radio frequency identification (RFID) system or a passive or semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT). For convenience, they are collectively referred to as BSC UEs.

[0035] Orthogonal Space Time Block Code (OSTBC)

[0036] Space-time block codes (STBCs) are widely used in cellular communications and wireless local area networks. STBC introduces signal redundancy in the space and time domains and achieves diversity gain and antenna gain without increasing bandwidth by rationally constructing a block coding transmission matrix.

[0037] OSTBC is a special linear STBC whose linear space-time block code S satisfies the following single condition:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, I represents the identity matrix of dimension M, i represents the i-th element of M dimension, s i The elements in the i-th row of S represent the symbols transmitted on the i-th transmitting antenna within M time periods, and the elements in the j-th column of S represent the symbols transmitted on the n-th transmitting antenna within M time periods. t The symbol transmitted from the root antenna at the jth moment. Each column in the transmission matrix S that satisfies the above formula is mutually orthogonal, which means that the transmitted signal sequences from different antennas are also orthogonal, thus ensuring that STBC can achieve full diversity gain at the same time. The corresponding decoding end only needs to perform simple maximum ratio combining (MRC) to sequentially decouple the transmitted symbols from different antennas and perform detection and estimation using the maximum likelihood detection (ML) algorithm.

[0040] Alamouti code is the most representative OSTCB code and can achieve full diversity and full rate gain. Figure 1b The following is a block diagram of the Alamouti code. In a given symbol period, two symbols are sent simultaneously on two antennas. Assume that in the current symbol period, the symbol sent on antenna 1 is denoted as s1, and the symbol sent on antenna 2 is denoted as s2. However, in the next symbol period, the symbol sent on antenna 1 is The symbol sent on antenna 2 is Thus, the following space-time block code matrix is ​​formed:

[0041]

[0042] Assume that the channels from the two transmitting antennas to the receiving antennas are represented as h1 and h2 respectively, and satisfy the time-invariant property within two adjacent symbol periods, that is:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Then, over two symbol periods, the received signal on the receiving antenna is:

[0046] r1=r(t)=h1s1+h2s2+n1;

[0047]

[0048] Where n1 and n2 represent the received noise and signal interference. The decoding end combines the received signals according to the following criteria:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Substituting the received signals r1 and r2, we can get:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Finally, the signals s1 and s2 can be estimated through the ML detector.

[0055] In addition to the typical Alamouti block code, the codebook of the typical two-antenna OSTBC code is shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1

[0057]

[0058] New Space Time Block Code (NSTBC)

[0059] In recent years, with the deepening of backscatter communication research, researchers have proposed the concept of backscatter diversity and designed corresponding space-time block codes. These codewords optimize the traditional Alamouti code to reduce hardware implementation complexity and lower the probability of detection errors.

[0060] Taking two-antenna transmit diversity as an example, the dimension of the codeword matrix S is 2×2, and its coding structure is:

[0061]

[0062] According to the above coding structure, assuming that in the current symbol period, the symbol sent on antenna 1 is recorded as s1, and the symbol sent on antenna 2 is recorded as But in the next symbol period, the symbol sent on antenna 1 is s2, and the symbol sent on antenna 2 is According to the OSTBC codeword definition, S2 belongs to the OSTBC codeword, thus achieving full diversity gain and full rate transmission. The following analyzes the differences between this type of codeword and traditional Alamouti codes in backscatter communications.

[0063] Assuming that transmission is based on BPSK modulation symbols, according to the backscatter communication mapping principle, the mapping rule between symbols 0 and 1 and reflection coefficients is:

[0064]

[0065] That is, symbols 0 and 1 are represented by controlling two phase-reversed load impedances. Therefore, the coding table for diversity coding codeword S2, where different symbols are transmitted simultaneously on two antennas, is shown in Table 4. For comparison, Tables 2 and 3 also provide coding tables for Alamouti codewords and extended Alamouti codewords, where different symbols are transmitted simultaneously on two antennas. The extended Alamouti codeword is:

[0066]

[0067] Table 2

[0068] 00 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 01 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 t <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> t <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> 10 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 11 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 t <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> t <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]>

[0069] Table 3

[0070] 00 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 01 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 t <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> t <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> 10 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 11 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 t <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> t <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]>

[0071] Table 4

[0072] 00 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 01 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 t <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> t <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> 10 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 11 Antenna 1 Antenna 2 t <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e jθ ]]> t <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e j(θ+π) ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]> t+T <![CDATA[|Γ|e -j(θ+π) ]]> <![CDATA[|Γ|e -jθ ]]>

[0073] According to Table 2, based on the codebook designed by NSTBC, antenna 1 only needs two coefficients |Γ|e jθ and |Γ|e j (θ+π) Antenna 2 also requires only two coefficients |Γ|e -jθ and |Γ|e -j(θ+π), that is, only two load impedances are needed on each antenna. According to Table 3-4, based on the Alamouti codeword and the extended Alamouti codeword, antenna 1 and antenna 2 both need four coefficients |Γ|e jθ ,|Γ|e j(θ+π) ,|Γ|e -jθ ,|Γ|e -j(θ+π) , that is, 4 types of load impedances are required on each antenna.

[0074] Differential Space Time Block Code (DSTBC)

[0075] For traditional OSTBC and NSTBC, the decoding end uses a coherent detection decoding scheme, so the decoding end needs to obtain the exact channel state information (CSI) from the sending antenna to the receiving antenna. However, in high-speed mobile scenarios or scenarios with rapidly changing channel fading conditions, or in scenarios where sending pilot signals is difficult due to power limitations in backscatter communications, it is difficult for the decoding end to accurately estimate the channel, or the cost of accurate channel estimation is very high. In this case, the decoding end cannot obtain the required CSI information. Differential space-time block coding is a solution that does not require CSI information for both the encoding and decoding ends, simplifies encoding and decoding, and can achieve diversity gain. The following example uses two-antenna transmission and single-antenna reception to illustrate this.

[0076] At the transmitting coding end, it is assumed that the following symbols are sent according to the Alamouti scheme in symbol periods 1 and 2:

[0077]

[0078] The two transmitted messages s1 and s2 do not carry any information and are only used as reference signals. The encoding end then uses differential encoding to send the information. Assume that in 2t-1 symbol periods, the symbols sent from the first antenna and the second antenna are s 2t-1 and s 2t , then in 2t symbol periods, the symbols sent from the first antenna and the second antenna are and In 2t+1 symbol periods, a group of 2m bits arrives at the encoder and generates the corresponding coefficient vector The encoding end is based on the symbol vector sent in the first two symbol periods and the current coefficient vector Calculate the symbol sent in the current 2t+1 symbol period:

[0079]

[0080] At the same time, according to the Alamouti codebook, the transmitted symbols on the two antennas in the 2t+2th symbol period are calculated to be and Among them, the coefficient vector satisfy:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] According to the above encoding rules, the symbols are repeatedly encoded and sent.

[0084] At the receiving decoding end, assuming that the signal r 2t-1 ,r 2t ,r 2t+1 ,r 2t+2 is received, and the channel matrix is ​​defined as:

[0085]

[0086] The noise signal is:

[0087]

[0088] The received signal can be expressed as:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Therefore, we have:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] After merging, we get:

[0095]

[0096] For simplicity, define:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] From this we can get:

[0100]

[0101] According to the previous mathematical derivation, we have:

[0102]

[0103] So we have:

[0104]

[0105] in,

[0106] The signals at the four moments are processed as follows:

[0107]

[0108] Expand it and we get:

[0109]

[0110] For simplicity, define:

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] We can get:

[0114]

[0115] Combined with the previous mathematical derivation, we have:

[0116]

[0117] Since the coefficient vector set All coefficient vectors in are of equal length and There is a one-to-one correspondence between the input symbol information and the receiver selects the decision and statistical signal vector The coefficient vector with the closest Euclidean distance As decoded output:

[0118]

[0119] Calculated Then, it is de-mapped to the original symbol to restore the original bit.

[0120] Although traditional OSTBC-type coding codebooks, including Alamouti, can achieve full diversity gain and full rate, they are designed for traditional active RF communications and do not consider the modulation characteristics and implementation complexity of passive terminals such as backscatter communications. They also require the decoding end to know the channel state information (CSI) between all transmitting antennas and receiving antennas.

[0121] The NSTBC codebook, proposed for backscatter communications, optimizes the traditional Alamouti codebook to reduce hardware implementation complexity and minimize detection error probability. However, this approach requires the decoder to know the CSI information between all transmit and receive antennas. While traditional Alamouti-based differential space-time block codes (DSTBCs) do not require CSI information between all transmit and receive antennas, they fail to consider the modulation characteristics and implementation complexity of passive terminals, such as those used in backscatter communications.

[0122] The decoding method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below through some embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0123] See also Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a decoding method. The method is performed by a decoding end, which can be a terminal device or a network side device. The method includes:

[0124] Step 201: The decoding end determines a coding coefficient vector based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook;

[0125] Step 202: The decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding method and the NSTBC codebook.

[0126] In an embodiment of the present application, a signal vector is constructed and a coding coefficient vector is calculated based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook structure. Furthermore, the original coded input symbol for the current symbol period is calculated and recovered based on the calculated coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC decoding method, and the NSTBC codebook. This decoding method enables recovery of the original symbol without a pilot signal, reducing system overhead. Furthermore, the NSTBC codebook can reduce the number or types of load impedances on each antenna while ensuring diversity gain, effectively reducing the probability of detection errors.

[0127] The decoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application is a novel decoding method obtained by combining the DSTBC decoding method with the NSTBC codebook and extracting the advantages of both. The novel decoding method can also be called a differential NSTBC decoding method.

[0128] It should be noted that the above-mentioned signal vector can also be called a statistical signal vector. The above-mentioned original coded input symbol refers to the symbol that has been encoded at the encoding end and has not yet undergone channel gain and / or noise. It is different from the signal directly received by the decoding end and is a symbol that needs to be decoded by the decoding end.

[0129] Before introducing the differential NSTBC decoding scheme in detail, we first briefly introduce the differential NSTBC encoding process, which is as follows:

[0130] (1) The encoder calculates the encoding symbols sent on the two antennas and the current encoding coefficient vector according to the first two symbol periods, that is, the 2t-1 and 2t symbol periods. Calculate the coded symbols sent on the two antennas at the current time, which is the 2t+1 symbol period:

[0131]

[0132] (2) In the 2t+2 symbol period, the coded symbols sent by the two antennas are That is, in the 2t+1 symbol period and the 2t+2 symbol period, the coded symbols on the two transmitting antennas satisfy the NSTBC codebook structure:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, s 2t+1 and is the coded symbol sent on the two antennas in the 2t-1th symbol period; s 2t+2 and is the coded symbol sent on the two antennas in the 2tth symbol period.

[0135] (3) Coding coefficient vector of the 2t+1th symbol period satisfy:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] (4) The reference symbols sent on the two antennas in the first and second symbol periods are and The symbols on the two transmitting antennas also satisfy the NSTBC codebook structure:

[0139]

[0140] In a specific implementation, the codebook structure of the NSTBC codebook satisfies:

[0141]

[0142] Among them, s 2t+1 and is the transmission symbol on the two transmitting antennas obtained by the encoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period (it should be noted that the transmission symbol may also be called a constellation symbol, a constellation point, etc., and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this name), s 2t+2 and is the transmitted symbol on the two transmitting antennas obtained by the encoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period; Symbol s 2t+2 The conjugate of Symbol s 2t+1 The 2t+1th symbol period is the current symbol period, and the 2t+2th symbol period is the next symbol period of the current symbol period.

[0143] In a specific embodiment, the decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector according to the received signal and the new space-time block code NSTBC code book.

[0144] (1) The decoder determines the signal vector based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook;

[0145] (2) The decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period based on the signal vector;

[0146] Specifically, the decoding end in (2) above determines the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period according to the signal vector, including:

[0147] (2.1) The decoding end uses the formula:

[0148]

[0149] Determine the coding coefficient vector at the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period

[0150] in, is the set of coding coefficient vectors, is the signal vector, It is the coding coefficient vector determined by the decoding end at the 2t+1th symbol period.

[0151] It should be noted that the coefficient vector set All coefficient vectors in are of equal length and There is a one-to-one correspondence between the input symbol and the decoder. The decoder selects the vector corresponding to the signal according to the above formula. The encoding coefficient vector with the closest Euclidean distance As the decision output, it is generally estimated through the maximum likelihood algorithm.

[0152] Specifically, the decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook, including:

[0153] The decoding end uses the formula:

[0154]

[0155] Decode the original coded input symbol at the 2t+1 symbol period

[0156] Among them, s 2t-1 and is the original coded input symbol of the 2t-1th symbol period decoded by the decoding end, s 2t and It is the original coded input symbol of the 2tth symbol period decoded by the decoding end.

[0157] In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0158] The decoding end is based on the original bits or original symbols and A preset mapping table is used to determine the original bit or original symbol;

[0159] The preset mapping table contains the original bits or original symbols and the coding coefficient vector The mapping relationship between them.

[0160] In an embodiment of the present application, the encoding end uses a direct table lookup method to determine the original bit or original symbol. The advantage of this processing is that the original bit or original symbol can be restored by directly querying the mapping table, which achieves lower complexity and lower decoding delay.

[0161] The above-mentioned original bit or original symbol refers to the initial data bit or initial symbol to be encoded at the encoding end, and the above-mentioned initial reference symbol refers to the reference symbol on the transmitting antenna in the initial symbol period, that is, in the first symbol period. In the embodiment of the present application, the decoding end performs decoding processing in the above manner and ultimately decodes to obtain the initial data bit or initial symbol.

[0162] In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0163] (1) The decoding end inputs the symbol according to the decoded original code Determine the original symbol (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 );

[0164] (2) The decoding end is based on the (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ), determine the original bits.

[0165] In an embodiment of the present application, the encoding end calculates the original bits or original symbols by direct calculation. The advantage of this processing is that the decoding end does not need to store a mapping table, but decodes the original encoded input symbols by real-time calculation.

[0166] In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0167] The decoding end determines the original coded input symbol or initial reference symbol of the first symbol period as And the original coded input symbol of the second symbol period is

[0168] The decoding end uses the formula:

[0169]

[0170] Decode the original coded input symbol of the third symbol period;

[0171] in, is the coding coefficient vector obtained by the decoding end in the third symbol period, and Satisfies the following NSTBC codebook:

[0172]

[0173] In this way, the decoding end completes the decoding process of the first two symbol periods, and the third symbol period and subsequent symbol periods can adopt the above decoding process for the 2t+1th symbol period.

[0174] In a specific implementation, the decoding end determines a signal vector based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook, including:

[0175] The decoding end uses the formula:

[0176]

[0177]

[0178] Determine the signal vector

[0179] Among them, r 2t-1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, r 2t is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, r 2t+1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, r 2t+2 It is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

[0180] Taking the 2t-1th and 2tth symbol periods as an example, the received signal is:

[0181]

[0182]

[0183] Among them, α1 and α2 are the channel gains from the two transmitting antennas after encoding at the encoding end to the receiving antenna at the decoding end, η 2t-1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, η 2t is the received noise at the decoding end at the 2tth symbol period.

[0184] Specifically, the signal vector satisfy:

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] in, is the linear combination vector of useful signals, is the noise interference vector. That is, the signal vector is the linear combination vector of the useful signal Interference vector with noise It consists of two parts.

[0188] Specifically, satisfy:

[0189]

[0190]

[0191] satisfy:

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] Λ(α1,α2) is the channel matrix, which can be represented as:

[0195]

[0196] N 2t-1 ,N 2t+1 ,M 2t is the noise vector, which can be expressed as:

[0197]

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] Among them, α1 and α2 are the channel gains from the two transmitting antennas after encoding at the encoding end to the receiving antenna at the decoding end, s 2t-1 and is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoder at the 2t-1 symbol period, s 2t and is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoder at the 2tth symbol period, s 2t+1 and is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoder at the 2t+1 symbol period, s 2t+2 and is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period;

[0201] η 2t-1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, η 2t is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, η 2t+1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, η 2t+2 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

[0202] The above describes the process of decoding the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period at the decoding end. By repeating the above process, the overall differential NSTBC decoding and transmission can be completed.

[0203] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods:

[0204] In one implementation, two transmitting antennas and a single receiving antenna are used as an example for description.

[0205] (1) Calculate the statistical signal vector based on the received signal

[0206] Assume that the received signals of the receiving antenna at the 2t-1, 2t, 2t+1, and 2t+2 symbol periods are r 2t-1 ,r 2t ,r 2t+1 ,r 2t+2 . Define the channel matrix as:

[0207]

[0208] The noise vector is:

[0209]

[0210] Then in the 2t-1 and 2t+1 symbol periods, the vector of the received signal is:

[0211]

[0212]

[0213] The vectors of the received signals at the 2t-1th and 2t+1th symbol periods are processed as follows:

[0214]

[0215] After merging, we get:

[0216]

[0217] For simplicity of expression, define the statistical signal component Noise interference component and the useful signal component They are:

[0218]

[0219]

[0220] From this we can get the first statistical signal component for:

[0221]

[0222] Similarly, define the received signal vector:

[0223]

[0224] Among them, M 2t is the noise vector, defined as:

[0225]

[0226] The received signal vectors at the 2t-1th and 2t+1th symbol periods are processed as follows:

[0227]

[0228] After merging, we get:

[0229]

[0230] For simplicity of expression, define the statistical signal component Noise interference component and the useful signal component They are:

[0231]

[0232]

[0233]

[0234] From this we can get the second statistical signal component for:

[0235]

[0236] Thus, the statistical signal vector of the received signal is calculated:

[0237]

[0238] (2) Calculate the coding coefficient vector

[0239] The decoding end obtains the statistical signal vector of the received signal After that, the decoder selects the signal vector with the statistical The encoding coefficient vector with the closest Euclidean distance As the judgment output:

[0240]

[0241] (3) Decode the original symbol by calculation

[0242] (a) The decoding end first decodes the transmitted symbols on the two antennas in the third symbol period using the differential decoding method.

[0243]

[0244] in, is the transmitted symbol from the two antennas in the first symbol period and is a known symbol. It satisfies the NSTBC codebook structure with the transmitted symbol from the two antennas in the second symbol period:

[0245]

[0246] is the coding coefficient vector of the third symbol period calculated according to (2).

[0247] (b) Assumptions The original coded input symbols of the two antennas in the decoded 2t-1th symbol period satisfy the NSTBC codebook structure together with the original coded input symbols of the two antennas in the decoded 2tth symbol period:

[0248]

[0249] (c) In the 2t+1th symbol period, the coding coefficient vector of the 2t+1th symbol period is obtained by calculation (2) Then, the original coded input symbols of the two transmitting antennas in the 2t+1 symbol period are decoded according to the differential decoding method.

[0250]

[0251] Decode the original coded input symbols of the two antennas in the 2t+1 symbol period After that, the original input symbol (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ) and the corresponding input bits.

[0252] (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) to complete the decoding of all received signals.

[0253] In this embodiment, the decoding end does not need to store a mapping table, but decodes the original input signal through real-time calculation.

[0254] In another embodiment, different from the above embodiment, when obtaining the coding coefficient vector Then the corresponding original encoding input symbol is obtained by calculation The embodiment of the present invention is to de-map and decode the original input symbols by querying the mapping table. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0255] (1) Calculate the statistical signal vector based on the received signal Specific reference to Example 1;

[0256] (2) Calculate the coding coefficient vector Specific reference to Example 1;

[0257] (3) By querying the mapping table between the coding coefficient vector and the input symbol / bit, the original input symbol / bit is decoded by demapping.

[0258] (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) to complete the decoding of all received signals.

[0259] Take BPSK as an example to illustrate differential NSTBC decoding. Assuming BPSK modulation is used, the set of constellation points is Among them, the constellation point set In order to ensure the normalization of the transmission power, the set of coding coefficient vectors is Assume that the two reference modulation signals are The two input information bits at the encoder input are c1 and c2. The first bit c1 is mapped to symbol s3, and the second bit c2 is mapped to symbol s4. Symbols s3 and s4 are both BPSK constellation points. The mapping relationship is:

[0260]

[0261]

[0262] According to the definition of the coding coefficient vector, we have:

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] According to the different values ​​of input bits c1 and c2, we can get The mapping table is:

[0266] Mapping table of coefficient vector and input bits under BPSK modulation

[0267] <![CDATA[Input bits (c1, c2)]]> Coding coefficient vector (A, B) (0,0) (1,0) (1,0) (0,-1) (0,1) (0,1) (1,1) (-1,0)

[0268] Since the mapping table is used to map the coefficient vectors under different symbol periods after the initial reference symbol is determined are all applicable, so when calculating the coefficient vector After that, the input symbol or input bit (c1, c2) can be obtained by de-mapping by querying the mapping table.

[0269] The advantage of this implementation is that the original input symbols can be restored by directly querying the mapping table without calculation, which reduces the implementation complexity and decoding delay.

[0270] The decoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a decoding device. In the embodiment of the present application, the decoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the decoding method executed by the decoding device as an example.

[0271] See also Figure 3 , this embodiment of the application provides a decoding device 300, including:

[0272] A first determination module 301 is configured to determine, at a decoding end, a coding coefficient vector based on a received signal and an NSTBC codebook;

[0273] The differential decoding module 302 is configured to decode the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period at the decoding end according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook.

[0274] In an embodiment of the present application, a signal vector is constructed and a coding coefficient vector is calculated based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook structure. Furthermore, the original coded input symbol for the current symbol period is calculated and recovered based on the calculated coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC decoding method, and the NSTBC codebook. This decoding method enables recovery of the original symbol without a pilot signal, reducing system overhead. Furthermore, the NSTBC codebook can reduce the number or types of load impedances on each antenna while ensuring diversity gain, effectively reducing the probability of detection errors.

[0275] In a specific implementation, the codebook structure of the NSTBC codebook satisfies:

[0276]

[0277] Among them, the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+1th symbol period decoded by the decoder, and the s 2t+2 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+2th symbol period decoded by the decoder; wherein the symbol Symbol s 2t+2 The conjugate of Symbol s 2t+1 the negative conjugate of ; the 2t+1th symbol period is the current symbol period, and the 2t+2th symbol period is the next symbol period of the current symbol period.

[0278] In a specific implementation, the first determining module is specifically configured to:

[0279] The decoding end determines the signal vector according to the received signal and the NSTBC codebook;

[0280] The decoding end determines a coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period according to the signal vector.

[0281] In a specific implementation, the first determining module is specifically configured to:

[0282] The decoding end is based on the formula:

[0283]

[0284] Determine the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period

[0285] Among them, the is a set of coding coefficient vectors, is the signal vector, the It is the coding coefficient vector determined by the decoding end at the 2t+1th symbol period.

[0286] In a specific implementation, the differential decoding module is specifically used to:

[0287] The decoding end is based on the formula:

[0288]

[0289] Decode the original coded input symbol at the 2t+1th symbol period;

[0290] Among them, the s 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t-1th symbol period decoded by the decoding end, and the s 2t and stated It is the original coded input symbol of the 2tth symbol period decoded by the decoding end.

[0291] In a specific embodiment, the device further comprises:

[0292] The second determining module is used for the decoding end to determine the difference between the original bit or the original symbol and the A preset mapping table is used to determine the original bit or original symbol;

[0293] Wherein, the original bit or original symbol is The preset mapping table contains the original bit or original symbol and the coding coefficient vector The mapping relationship between them.

[0294] In a specific embodiment, the device further comprises:

[0295] The third determining module is used for the decoding end to input the symbol according to the decoded original code Determine the original symbol (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 );

[0296] The decoding end is based on the (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ), determine the original bits.

[0297] In a specific embodiment, the device further comprises:

[0298] The fourth determining module is used for the decoding end to determine that the original coding input symbol of the first symbol period is And the original coded input symbol of the second symbol period is

[0299] The original encoded input symbol is the initial reference symbol;

[0300] The differential decoding module is also used for the decoding end according to the formula:

[0301]

[0302] Decode the original coded input symbol of the third symbol period;

[0303] in, is the coding coefficient vector obtained by the decoding end in the third symbol period, With the Satisfies the following NSTBC codebook:

[0304]

[0305] In a specific implementation, the first determining module is specifically configured to:

[0306] The decoding end is based on the formula:

[0307]

[0308]

[0309] Determine the signal vector

[0310] Among them, the r 2t-1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the r 2t is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and r 2t+1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the r 2t+2 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

[0311] In a specific embodiment, the signal vector satisfy:

[0312]

[0313]

[0314] in, is the linear combination vector of useful signals, is the noise interference vector.

[0315] In a specific embodiment, the satisfy:

[0316]

[0317]

[0318] described satisfy:

[0319]

[0320]

[0321]

[0322]

[0323]

[0324]

[0325] Among them, α1 and α2 are the channel gains from the two transmitting antennas encoded by the encoding end to the receiving antenna of the decoding end, respectively. 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the s 2t and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the s 2t+2 and stated The original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period;

[0326] The Λ(α1,α2) is the channel matrix;

[0327] The N 2t-1 、The N 2t+1 、The M 2t is the noise vector;

[0328] The η 2t-1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the η 2t is the received noise of the decoding end at the 2tth symbol period, and the η 2t+1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the η 2t+2 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

[0329] The decoding device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or other device other than a terminal. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0330] The decoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve Figure 2 The various processes implemented by the method embodiment achieve the same technical effect and are not described here again to avoid repetition.

[0331] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 400, including a processor 401 and a memory 402, wherein the memory 402 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 401. For example, when the communication device 400 is a terminal, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 401 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned decoding device method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 400 is a network-side device, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 401 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned decoding device method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0332] An embodiment of the present application also provides a decoding end, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used for the decoding end to determine a coding coefficient vector based on a received signal and an NSTBC codebook; the decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period based on the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding method and the NSTBC codebook.

[0333] Specifically, for the case where the decoding end is a terminal, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0334] The terminal 500 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 501, a network module 502, an audio output unit 503, an input unit 504, a sensor 505, a display unit 506, a user input unit 507, an interface unit 508, a memory 509 and at least some of the components of the processor 510.

[0335] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 500 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power each component, and the power supply may be logically connected to the processor 510 through a power management system, thereby implementing functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. Figure 5The terminal structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently, which will not be repeated here.

[0336] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 504 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 5041 and a microphone 5042, and the graphics processor 5041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 506 may include a display panel 5061, and the display panel 5061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 507 includes a touch panel 5071 and at least one of other input devices 5072. The touch panel 5071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 5071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 5072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and an operating stick, which will not be repeated here.

[0337] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the radio frequency unit 501 may transmit the data to the processor 510 for processing. Furthermore, the radio frequency unit 501 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 501 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0338] The memory 509 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 509 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 59 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory 509 may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory x09 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0339] Processor 510 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 510 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 510.

[0340] The processor 510 is configured to determine, at the decoding end, a coding coefficient vector based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook;

[0341] The processor 510 is configured to decode, at the decoding end, the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook.

[0342] In an embodiment of the present application, a signal vector is constructed and a coding coefficient vector is calculated based on the received signal and the NSTBC codebook structure. Furthermore, the original coded input symbol for the current symbol period is calculated and recovered based on the calculated coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC decoding method, and the NSTBC codebook. This decoding method enables recovery of the original symbol without a pilot signal, reducing system overhead. Furthermore, the NSTBC codebook can reduce the number or types of load impedances on each antenna while ensuring diversity gain, effectively reducing the probability of detection errors.

[0343] In a specific implementation, the codebook structure of the NSTBC codebook satisfies:

[0344]

[0345] Among them, the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+1th symbol period decoded by the decoder, and the s 2t+2 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+2th symbol period decoded by the decoder; wherein the symbol Symbol s 2t+2 The conjugate of Symbol s 2t+1 the negative conjugate of ; the 2t+1th symbol period is the current symbol period, and the 2t+2th symbol period is the next symbol period of the current symbol period.

[0346] In a specific implementation, the processor 510 is specifically configured to:

[0347] The decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector according to the received signal and the NSTBC codebook;

[0348] The decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector.

[0349] In a specific implementation, the processor 510 is specifically configured to:

[0350] The decoding end is based on the formula:

[0351]

[0352] Determine the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period

[0353] Among them, the is a set of coding coefficient vectors, is the signal vector, the It is the coding coefficient vector determined by the decoding end at the 2t+1th symbol period.

[0354] In a specific implementation, the processor 510 is specifically configured to:

[0355] The decoding end is based on the formula:

[0356]

[0357] Decode the original coded input symbol at the 2t+1th symbol period;

[0358] Among them, the s 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t-1th symbol period decoded by the decoding end, and the s 2t and stated It is the original coded input symbol of the 2tth symbol period decoded by the decoding end.

[0359] In a specific embodiment, the processor 510 is configured to: A preset mapping table is used to determine the original bit or original symbol;

[0360] Wherein, the original bit or original symbol is The preset mapping table contains the original bit or original symbol and the coding coefficient vector In a specific embodiment, the processor 510 is used for the decoding end to input the original coded symbol according to the decoded Determine the original symbol (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 );

[0361] The decoding end is based on the (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ), determine the original bit. In a specific embodiment, the processor 510 is used for the decoding end to determine that the original coded input symbol of the first symbol period is And the original coded input symbol of the second symbol period is

[0362] The original encoded input symbol is the initial reference symbol;

[0363] The processor 510 is configured to be used at the decoding end according to the formula:

[0364]

[0365] Decode the original coded input symbol of the third symbol period;

[0366] in, is the coding coefficient vector obtained by the decoding end in the third symbol period, With the Satisfies the following NSTBC codebook:

[0367]

[0368] In a specific implementation, the processor 510 is specifically configured to:

[0369] The decoding end is based on the formula:

[0370]

[0371]

[0372] Determine the signal vector

[0373] Among them, the r 2t-1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the r 2t is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and r 2t+1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the r 2t+2 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

[0374] In a specific embodiment, the signal vector satisfy:

[0375]

[0376]

[0377] in, is the linear combination vector of useful signals, is the noise interference vector.

[0378] In a specific embodiment, the satisfy:

[0379]

[0380]

[0381] described satisfy:

[0382]

[0383]

[0384]

[0385]

[0386]

[0387]

[0388] Among them, α1 and α2 are the channel gains from the two transmitting antennas encoded by the encoding end to the receiving antenna of the decoding end, respectively. 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the s 2t and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the s 2t+2 and stated The original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period;

[0389] The Λ(α1,α2) is the channel matrix;

[0390] The N 2t-1 、The N 2t+1 、The M 2t is the noise vector;

[0391] The η 2t-1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the η 2t is the received noise of the decoding end at the 2tth symbol period, and the η 2t+1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the η 2t+2 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

[0392] Specifically, for the case where the decoding end is a network side device, such as Figure 6As shown, the network-side device 600 includes an antenna 61, a radio frequency device 62, a baseband device 63, a processor 64, and a memory 65. Antenna 61 is connected to radio frequency device 62. In the uplink direction, radio frequency device 62 receives information via antenna 61 and sends the received information to baseband device 63 for processing. In the downlink direction, baseband device 63 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to radio frequency device 62. Radio frequency device 62 processes the received information and then sends it through antenna 61.

[0393] The method in the above method embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 63 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0394] The baseband device 63 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which a plurality of chips are arranged, such as Figure 6 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 65 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 65 to execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0395] The network side device may further include a network interface 66, which is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0396] Specifically, the network side device 600 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 65 and executable on the processor 64, and the processor 64 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 65 to execute Figure 3 The methods executed by the modules shown achieve the same technical effects, so they will not be described here to avoid repetition.

[0397] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned decoding method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0398] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0399] The present application also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned decoding method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not described here. It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system, or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0400] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned decoding method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0401] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0402] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0403] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A decoding method, characterized in that: include: The decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector based on the received signal and the new space-time block code NSTBC codebook; The decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector, the differential space-time block code DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook; The codebook structure of the NSTBC codebook satisfies: Among them, the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+1th symbol period decoded by the decoder, and the s 2t+2 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+2th symbol period decoded by the decoder; wherein the symbol Symbol s 2t+2 The conjugate of Symbol s 2t+1 The negative conjugate of ; the 2t+1th symbol period is the current symbol period, and the 2t+2th symbol period is the next symbol period of the current symbol period; The decoding end determines the coding coefficient vector according to the received signal and the new space-time block code NSTBC codebook, including: The decoding end determines a signal vector according to the received signal and the NSTBC codebook; The decoding end determines, based on the signal vector, a coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period; The step of determining, by the decoding end, a coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period according to the signal vector includes: The decoding end is based on the formula: Determine the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period Among them, the is a set of coding coefficient vectors, is the signal vector, the It is the coding coefficient vector determined by the decoding end at the 2t+1th symbol period.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The decoding end decodes the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook, including: The decoding end is based on the formula: Decode the original coded input symbol at the 2t+1th symbol period; Among them, the s 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t-1th symbol period decoded by the decoding end, and the s 2t and stated It is the original coded input symbol of the 2tth symbol period decoded by the decoding end.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The decoding end is based on the original bit or original symbol and the A preset mapping table is used to determine the original bit or original symbol; The preset mapping table contains the original bits or original symbols and the coding coefficient vector The mapping relationship between them after determining the initial reference symbol.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: The decoding end inputs the symbol according to the decoded original code Determine the original symbol (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ); The decoding end is based on the (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ), determine the original bits.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: The decoding end determines that the original coded input symbol of the first symbol period is And the original coded input symbol of the second symbol period is The original encoded input symbol is the initial reference symbol; The decoding end is based on the formula: Decode the original coded input symbol of the third symbol period; in, is the coding coefficient vector obtained by the decoding end in the third symbol period, With the Satisfies the following NSTBC codebook:

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The decoding end determines a signal vector according to the received signal and the NSTBC codebook, including: The decoding end is based on the formula: Determine the signal vector Among them, the r 2t-1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the r 2t is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and r 2t+1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the r 2t+2 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The signal vector satisfy: in, is the linear combination vector of useful signals, is the noise interference vector.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that described satisfy: described satisfy: Among them, α1 and α2 are the channel gains from the two transmitting antennas encoded by the encoding end to the receiving antenna of the decoding end, respectively. 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the s 2t and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the s 2t+2 and stated The original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period; The Λ(α1,α2) is the channel matrix; The N 2t-1 、The N 2t+1 、The M 2t is the noise vector; The η 2t-1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the η 2t is the received noise of the decoding end at the 2tth symbol period, and the η 2t+1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the η 2t+2 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

9. A decoding device, characterized in that: include: A first determination module is configured to determine, at a decoding end, a coding coefficient vector based on a received signal and an NSTBC codebook; A differential decoding module is configured to decode the original coded input symbol of the current symbol period at the decoding end according to the coding coefficient vector, the DSTBC coding mode and the NSTBC codebook; The codebook structure of the NSTBC codebook satisfies: Among them, the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+1th symbol period decoded by the decoder, and the s 2t+2 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t+2th symbol period decoded by the decoder; wherein the symbol Symbol s 2t+2 The conjugate of Symbol s 2t+1 The negative conjugate of ; the 2t+1th symbol period is the current symbol period, and the 2t+2th symbol period is the next symbol period of the current symbol period; The first determining module is specifically configured to: The decoding end determines the signal vector according to the received signal and the NSTBC codebook; The decoding end determines, based on the signal vector, a coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the current symbol period; The first determining module is specifically configured to: The decoding end is based on the formula: Determine the coding coefficient vector of the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period Wherein, the v is a set of coding coefficient vectors, the is the signal vector, the It is the coding coefficient vector determined by the decoding end at the 2t+1th symbol period.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The differential decoding module is specifically used for: The decoding end is based on the formula: Decode the original coded input symbol at the 2t+1th symbol period; Among them, the s 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol of the 2t-1th symbol period decoded by the decoding end, and the s 2t and stated It is the original coded input symbol of the 2tth symbol period decoded by the decoding end.

11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The device further comprises: The second determining module is used for the decoding end to determine the difference between the original bit or the original symbol and the A preset mapping table is used to determine the original bit or original symbol; The preset mapping table contains the original bits or original symbols and the coding coefficient vector The mapping relationship between them after the initial reference symbol is determined.

12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The device further comprises: The third determining module is used for the decoding end to input the symbol according to the decoded original code Determine the original symbol (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ); The decoding end is based on the (s 2t+1 ,s 2t+2 ), determine the original bits.

13. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The device further comprises: The fourth determining module is used for the decoding end to determine that the original coding input symbol of the first symbol period is And the original coded input symbol of the second symbol period is The original encoded input symbol is the initial reference symbol; The differential decoding module is also used for the decoding end according to the formula: Decode the original coded input symbol of the third symbol period; in, is the coding coefficient vector obtained by the decoding end in the third symbol period, With the Satisfies the following NSTBC codebook:

14. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The first determining module is specifically configured to: The decoding end is based on the formula: Determine the signal vector Among them, the r 2t-1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the r 2t is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and r 2t+1 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the r 2t+2 is the signal received by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that The signal vector satisfy: in, is the linear combination vector of useful signals, is the noise interference vector.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that described satisfy: described satisfy: Among them, α1 and α2 are the channel gains from the two transmitting antennas encoded by the encoding end to the receiving antenna of the decoding end, respectively. 2t-1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the s 2t and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2tth symbol period, and the s 2t+1 and stated is the original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the s 2t+2 and stated The original coded input symbol decoded by the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period; The Λ(α1,α2) is the channel matrix; The N 2t-1 、The N 2t+1 、The M 2t is the noise vector; The η 2t-1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t-1th symbol period, and the η 2t is the received noise of the decoding end at the 2tth symbol period, and the η 2t+1 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+1th symbol period, and the η 2t+2 is the received noise at the decoding end in the 2t+2th symbol period.

17. A decoding end, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the decoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

18. A readable storage medium, characterized in that The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the decoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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