Corn sowing depth detection device and measurement method considering seed placement point

Abstract

The present invention discloses a corn sowing depth detection device and measurement method that considers the sowing point, belonging to the field of sowing measurement. The corn sowing depth detection device that considers the sowing point includes a parallelogram-shaped mechanism installed on a seeder, a furrow opener installed at the bottom of the parallelogram-shaped mechanism, and a laser sensor installed at the bottom of the frame, the laser sensor being located directly above the side baffles. The measurement method of the corn sowing depth detection device that considers the sowing point includes respectively measuring the distance L from the laser sensor measuring device to the ultrasonic sensor measuring device, the distance x from the ultrasonic sensor to a reference panel, the distance s from the laser sensor to the furrow bottom, and the fixed distance H from the reference panel to the bottom of the soil covering and pressing wheel. The furrow depth h is then calculated as (L+s)-(x+H). The present invention adopts a furrow opener with side baffles, and the laser sensor installed above the furrow opener can effectively measure the distance to the furrow bottom, avoiding measurement errors caused by factors such as soil backflow and soil block adhesion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sowing measurement, and in particular to a corn sowing depth detection device and a measurement method taking seed placement points into consideration. Background Art

[0002] Sowing depth control is one of the important indicators of precision sowing technology. It is an important basis for judging whether the seed depth is appropriate and the agronomic requirements of crop sowing. Accurate sowing depth is one of the important means to improve crop yields.

[0003] Sowing depth measurement is divided into active measurement and passive measurement. At present, the most commonly used method is passive measurement. Traditional seeders pre-set the sowing depth value through the profiling mechanism to achieve consistent sowing depth, but this cannot adapt to the changing soil surface. At present, the most commonly used method in China is to achieve consistent sowing depth through the use of pressure and profiling mechanism. Most foreign seeders use active measurement methods and air pressure or hydraulic pressure to work together, which can greatly improve sowing efficiency and accuracy, and realize high-speed, efficient and accurate precision sowing operations.

[0004] Direct use of ultrasonic sensors or laser sensors to measure the furrowing depth has low measurement accuracy and is easily affected by soil residues, light and other sound waves. There is also an indirect measurement method, in which a reference panel is installed on the furrow opener, and the sensor measures the distance to the furrow opener, but the reference panel is also easily affected by the soil environment, which greatly reduces the accuracy of the measurement data. The traditional sensor directly measures the distance to the furrow, without considering the impact of the external environment on the measurement accuracy, so that there is a large error between the measured data and the actual requirements. In summary, although there are methods of using ultrasonic or laser to measure the sowing depth, the measurement accuracy is not high, it is easily affected by the environment, and is not suitable for the sowing depth control of precision sowing technology. Therefore, a corn sowing depth detection device and measurement method considering the sowing point are designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a corn sowing depth detection device and measurement method taking the sowing point into consideration, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a corn sowing depth detection device taking the sowing point into consideration, comprising a parallelogram-profiling mechanism installed on a seeder, a furrow opener installed at the bottom of the parallelogram-profiling mechanism, two side baffles symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the furrow opener, the two side baffles being located at the rear side of the forward direction of the furrow opener, a frame being installed at the lower part of the seeder, a laser sensor being installed at the lower part of the frame, and the laser sensor being located directly above the side baffles.

[0007] Preferably, there is an angle between the two side baffles and the furrow opener.

[0008] Preferably, a seed guide tube is installed at the lower part of the seeder, and the seed placement position of the seed guide tube is directly below the laser sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the side baffle is in the shape of an outwardly convex arc.

[0010] Preferably, the opening and closing angle of the side baffle is greater than the width of the seed guide tube.

[0011] Preferably, a covering and pressing wheel is installed at the bottom of the seeder, an ultrasonic sensor is installed on the side of the frame, the ultrasonic sensor is located directly above the covering and pressing wheel, and a reference panel for receiving signals transmitted by the ultrasonic sensor is fixedly connected to the upper part of the covering and pressing wheel.

[0012] A measurement method for a corn sowing depth detection device taking into account a seeding point comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1, moving the measuring device to the land to be measured in the experimental field and installing it on a seed drill;

[0014] S2. Measure the distance from the laser sensor measuring device on the sowing unit to the ultrasonic sensor measuring device, and record it in the system as L;

[0015] S3, start the planter and the ultrasonic sensor, measure the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the reference panel, and record it in the system as x;

[0016] S4, operate the seeder and start the laser sensor, measure the distance from the laser sensor to the bottom of the ditch, and record it in the system as s;

[0017] S5. Measure the fixed distance from the reference panel to the bottom of the soil covering and compacting wheel, and record it in the system as H;

[0018] S6. Assume that the trenching depth is h, then the trenching depth formula is:

[0019] h=(L+s)-(x+H)

[0020] in,

[0021] L - fixed distance from ultrasonic sensor to laser sensor;

[0022] s - the measured distance from the laser sensor to the trench opener (ditch bottom);

[0023] H - the distance from the reference panel to the bottom of the soil pressing wheel;

[0024] x – The measured distance from the ultrasonic sensor to the reference panel.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention adopts a furrow opener with side baffles. The laser sensor installed above the furrow opener can effectively measure the distance to the furrow bottom, avoiding measurement errors caused by factors such as soil backflow and soil block adhesion.

[0027] 2. The present invention simulates the terrain by adopting a suspended reference panel that fluctuates synchronously with the undulating wheel tires, and adopts an ultrasonic sensor set in parallel with the reference panel to avoid stubble, weeds, and soil stickiness, establish an interference-free detection environment, and improve detection accuracy.

[0028] 3. The present invention improves the convenience of replacement and maintenance by adopting detachable ultrasonic sensors and laser sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser sensor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ultrasonic sensor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the measurement principle of the measurement method of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Furrow opener; 2. Side baffle; 3. Laser sensor; 4. Soil covering and pressing wheel; 5. Reference panel; 6. Ultrasonic sensor; 7. Frame; 8. Seed guide tube; 9. Parallel four-bar profiling mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Reference Figures 1-4The present invention provides a technical solution: a corn sowing depth detection device taking the sowing point into consideration, comprising a parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 9 installed on a seeder, a furrow opener 1 installed at the bottom of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 9, two side baffles 2 symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the furrow opener 1, the two side baffles 2 are located at the rear side of the furrow opener 1 in the forward direction, a frame 7 is installed at the lower part of the seeder, a laser sensor 3 is installed at the lower part of the frame 7, and the laser sensor 3 is located directly above the side baffles 2.

[0038] The parallel four-bar mechanism has the characteristic of ensuring that the center distance remains unchanged during the contour transmission process, thereby improving the stability of the contour transmission and the sowing quality. The side baffle 2 is arranged on the rear side of the forward direction of the furrow opener 1, so that the soil brought up during the operation of the furrow opener can be blocked by the side baffle 2. The laser sensor 3 can effectively measure the distance to the bottom of the furrow. Since the laser sensor 3 is arranged directly above the side baffle 2, it will not be affected by factors such as soil backflow and bump adhesion, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0039] There is an included angle between the two side baffles 2 and the furrow opener 1.

[0040] The inclination angle of the side baffle 2 is set according to the width of the furrow opened by the furrow opener 1, so that it has high applicability.

[0041] A seed guide tube 8 is installed at the lower part of the seeder, and the seed placement position of the seed guide tube 8 is directly below the laser sensor 3.

[0042] The seeds fall into the furrow opened by the furrow opener 1 through the seed guide tube 8 for sowing. The laser sensor 3 is arranged just above the seed placement position to facilitate detection of the seed placement position and distance.

[0043] The side baffle 2 is in the shape of an outwardly convex arc.

[0044] By configuring the side wing baffles 2 to be in an outwardly convex arc shape, the resistance of the soil to the side wing baffles 2 during operation can be reduced.

[0045] The opening and closing angle of the side baffle 2 is greater than the width of the seed guide tube 8.

[0046] Since the opening and closing angle of the side baffle 2 is greater than the width of the seed guide tube 8, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a deviation in the sowing position due to a collision between the seeds and the side baffle 2.

[0047] A covering and pressing wheel 4 is installed at the bottom of the seed drill, and an ultrasonic sensor 6 is installed on the side of the frame 7. The ultrasonic sensor 6 is located directly above the covering and pressing wheel 4. A reference panel 5 for receiving the signal transmitted by the ultrasonic sensor 6 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the covering and pressing wheel 4.

[0048] The covering and pressing wheel 4 buries the sown seeds, and the reference panel 5 reflects the height of the covering and pressing wheel 4. The ultrasonic sensor 6 transmits a signal to the reference panel 5 to detect the ups and downs of the covering and pressing wheel 4. The reference panel 5 and the ups and downs of the wheel tire are synchronized to simulate the terrain. The ultrasonic sensor 6 is set parallel to the reference panel 5 to avoid stubble, weeds, and soil lumps, establish an interference-free detection environment, and improve detection accuracy. In actual use, the size and shape of the reference panel 5 are selected according to the type of signal emitted by the ultrasonic sensor 6.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Reference Figure 5 A method for measuring corn sowing depth by a device taking seed placement into consideration comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1, moving the measuring device to the land to be measured in the experimental field and installing it on a seed drill;

[0052] S2, measure the distance between the laser sensor 3 measuring device and the ultrasonic sensor 6 measuring device on the sowing unit, and record it in the system as L;

[0053] S3, start the planter and the ultrasonic sensor 6, measure the distance between the ultrasonic sensor 6 and the reference panel 5, and record it in the system as x;

[0054] S4, operate the seed drill and start the laser sensor 3, measure the distance from the laser sensor 3 to the bottom of the ditch, and record it in the system as s;

[0055] S5, measure the fixed distance from the reference panel 5 to the bottom of the soil covering and pressing wheel 4, and record it in the system as H;

[0056] S6. Assume that the trenching depth is h, then the trenching depth formula is:

[0057] h=(L+s)-(x+H)

[0058] in,

[0059] L——fixed distance from ultrasonic sensor 6 to laser sensor 3;

[0060] s - the measured distance from the laser sensor 3 to the trench opener 1 (ditch bottom);

[0061] H - the distance from the reference panel 5 to the bottom of the soil pressing wheel 4;

[0062] x——the measured distance from the ultrasonic sensor 6 to the reference panel 5.

[0063] Working principle: This is a corn sowing depth detection device and measurement method that takes the sowing point into consideration. The parallel four-bar mechanism has the characteristic of ensuring that the center distance remains unchanged during the profiling transmission process, thereby improving the stability of the profiling transmission and the sowing quality. The side baffle 2 is arranged on the rear side of the forward direction of the furrow opener 1, so that the soil brought up during the operation of the furrow opener can be blocked by the side baffle 2. The laser sensor 3 can effectively measure the distance to the bottom of the furrow. Since the laser sensor 3 is arranged directly above the side baffle 2, it will not be affected by factors such as soil backflow and bump adhesion, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0064] The inclination angle of the side baffle 2 is set according to the width of the furrow opened by the furrow opener 1, so that it has high applicability.

[0065] The seeds fall into the furrow opened by the furrow opener 1 through the seed guide tube 8 for sowing. The laser sensor 3 is arranged just above the seed placement position to facilitate detection of the seed placement position and distance.

[0066] By configuring the side wing baffles 2 to be in an outwardly convex arc shape, the resistance of the soil to the side wing baffles 2 during operation can be reduced.

[0067] Since the opening and closing angle of the side baffle 2 is greater than the width of the seed guide tube 8, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a deviation in the sowing position due to a collision between the seeds and the side baffle 2.

[0068] The covering and pressing wheel 4 buries the sown seeds, and the reference panel 5 reflects the height of the covering and pressing wheel 4. The ultrasonic sensor 6 transmits a signal to the reference panel 5 to detect the ups and downs of the covering and pressing wheel 4. The reference panel 5 and the ups and downs of the wheel tire are synchronized to simulate the terrain. The ultrasonic sensor 6 is set parallel to the reference panel 5 to avoid stubble, weeds, and soil lumps, establish an interference-free detection environment, and improve detection accuracy. In actual use, the size and shape of the reference panel 5 are selected according to the type of signal emitted by the ultrasonic sensor 6.

[0069] The ultrasonic sensor 6 and the laser sensor 3 are both mounted on the frame 7 by means of nuts or the like. By adopting detachable ultrasonic sensor 6 and laser sensor 3, the convenience of replacement and maintenance is improved.

[0070] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A corn sowing depth detection device taking into account the seeding point, comprising a parallelogram-shaped mechanism (9) mounted on a seed drill, a furrow opener (1) mounted at the bottom of the parallelogram-shaped mechanism (9), and characterized in that: Two side baffles (2) are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the furrow opener (1), and the two side baffles (2) are located at the rear side of the furrow opener (1) in the forward direction. A frame (7) is installed at the bottom of the seed drill, and a laser sensor (3) is installed at the bottom of the frame (7). The laser sensor (3) is located directly above the side baffles (2). A seed guide tube (8) is installed at the lower part of the seed drill, and the seed placement position of the seed guide tube (8) is directly below the laser sensor (3); A soil covering and pressing wheel (4) is installed at the bottom of the seed drill, an ultrasonic sensor (6) is installed on the side of the frame (7), the ultrasonic sensor (6) is located directly above the soil covering and pressing wheel (4), and a reference panel (5) for receiving a signal transmitted by the ultrasonic sensor (6) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the soil covering and pressing wheel (4); The ultrasonic sensor (6) measures the distance between the ultrasonic sensor (6) and the reference panel (5); and the laser sensor (3) measures the distance between the laser sensor (3) and the bottom of the ditch.

2. The corn sowing depth detection device considering the seeding point according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is an included angle between the two side baffles (2) and the furrow opener (1).

3. The corn sowing depth detection device considering the seeding point according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side baffle (2) is in the shape of an outwardly convex arc.

4. The corn sowing depth detection device considering the seeding point according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The opening and closing angle of the side baffle (2) is greater than the width of the seed guide tube (8).

5. A method for measuring corn sowing depth by a device taking sowing point into consideration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Move the corn sowing depth detection device considering the seeding point to the land to be tested in the experimental field and install it on the seeding machine; S2, measuring the distance between the laser sensor (3) on the sowing unit and the ultrasonic sensor (6), and recording it in the system as L; S3, start the planter and start the ultrasonic sensor (6), measure the distance between the ultrasonic sensor (6) and the reference panel (5), and record it in the system as x; S4, operate the seed drill and start the laser sensor (3), measure the distance from the laser sensor (3) to the bottom of the ditch, and record it in the system as s; S5, measuring the fixed distance from the reference panel (5) to the bottom of the soil covering and pressing wheel (4), and recording it in the system as H; S6. Assume that the trenching depth is h, then the trenching depth formula is: h=(L+s)-(x+H) in, L is the distance from the ultrasonic sensor (6) to the laser sensor (3); s - distance from the laser sensor (3) to the bottom of the ditch; H——fixed distance from the reference panel (5) to the bottom of the soil pressing wheel (4); x – distance between ultrasonic sensor (6) and reference panel (5).

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