Automotive thermal management system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automobile thermal management systems, including hydrogen fuel stack mechanism, hydrogen fuel stack mechanism includes liquid-gas heat exchanger and liquid-liquid heat exchanger, liquid-gas heat exchanger is sequentially connected with driving motor, driving motor controller, DCDC, second electronic water pump and fan controller by pipeline, liquid-liquid heat exchanger is connected with warm air core body and high-temperature radiator by pipeline, and warm air core body and high-temperature radiator are connected in parallel with liquid-liquid heat exchanger.The application can recover waste heat from multiple components, and realize efficient matching of stack and vehicle thermal management system from the perspective of multi-medium heat conversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a thermal management system, and more particularly to a thermal management system for hydrogen-powered vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen-powered vehicles are a popular type of new energy vehicle. They are cars that use a hydrogen fuel cell reactor to charge their fuel cells; this reactor is called a fuel cell stack. The thermal management system of hydrogen-powered vehicles is generally similar to that of pure electric vehicles and other hybrid vehicles, but there are subtle differences. Currently, different manufacturers have different solutions for matching the fuel cell stack with the vehicle's thermal management architecture.

[0003] The existing solutions have two main drawbacks: First, the existing technology does not provide detailed management of the internal thermal management of the fuel cell stack from the perspective of the entire vehicle. Second, the existing technology has limited methods for waste heat recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automotive thermal management system to solve the technical problems in the prior art. It can achieve efficient matching between the fuel cell stack and the vehicle thermal management system from the perspective of waste heat recovery from multiple components and heat conversion of multiple media.

[0005] This invention provides an automotive thermal management system, including a hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism. The hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism includes a liquid-gas heat exchanger and a liquid-liquid heat exchanger. The liquid-gas heat exchanger is sequentially connected to a drive motor, a drive motor controller, a DC-DC converter, a second electronic water pump, and a fan controller via pipelines. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger is connected to a heater core and a high-temperature radiator via pipelines. The heater core and the high-temperature radiator are connected in parallel with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger.

[0006] In the aforementioned automotive thermal management system, preferably, the drive motor is connected to the first liquid inlet of the liquid-gas heat exchanger via a pipeline, and a first three-way valve is provided on the pipeline. The liquid inlet of the fan controller is connected to the first liquid outlet of the liquid-gas heat exchanger via a pipeline, and a first electronic water pump is provided on the pipeline.

[0007] In the aforementioned automotive thermal management system, preferably, the first three-way valve is also connected to one end of a low-temperature radiator via a pipeline, and the other end of the low-temperature radiator is connected to the outlet of the first electronic water pump via a pipeline.

[0008] In the aforementioned automotive thermal management system, preferably, the inlet of the heater core is connected to a second three-way valve via a pipe, and the other two ports of the second three-way valve are respectively connected to the second outlet of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger and the inlet of the high-temperature radiator via pipes. The outlet of the heater core is connected to a third three-way valve via a pipe, and the other two ports of the third three-way valve are respectively connected to the second inlet of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger and the outlet of the high-temperature radiator via pipes.

[0009] In the aforementioned automotive thermal management system, preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism further includes a stack water pump, a stack WPTC, a hydrogen supply module, an air compressor, stack cells, and a blower. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger is sequentially connected to the stack water pump, the stack WPTC, the hydrogen supply module, the air compressor, and the stack cells via liquid pipelines. The liquid-gas heat exchanger is sequentially connected to the blower and the stack cells via gas pipelines.

[0010] Preferably, the aforementioned automotive thermal management system further includes a condenser assembly and an evaporator assembly. The condenser assembly works in conjunction with the high-temperature radiator, and the evaporator assembly works in conjunction with the heater core. The condenser assembly is connected to the evaporator assembly via a refrigerant line, and the evaporator assembly is connected to the battery cooler via a refrigerant line. The battery cooler is sequentially connected to the battery water pump and the power battery via pipelines.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this invention includes a hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism, comprising a liquid-gas heat exchanger and a liquid-liquid heat exchanger. The liquid-gas heat exchanger is sequentially connected to a drive motor, a drive motor controller, a DC-DC converter, a second electronic water pump, and a fan controller via pipelines. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger is connected to a heater core and a high-temperature radiator via pipelines, and the heater core and high-temperature radiator are connected in parallel with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger. Through the connection of the liquid-gas heat exchanger to the drive motor, drive motor controller, DC-DC converter, second electronic water pump, and fan controller, the fuel cell stack can heat up quickly in low ambient temperatures during winter, ensuring timely operation. Through the connection of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger to the heater core and high-temperature radiator, the hydrogen supply module can be rapidly heated in winter to ensure its normal operation; in summer, the high-temperature radiator can quickly dissipate heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism. This invention achieves flexible heat transfer, ensuring that each component operates within its comfortable temperature range, while simultaneously ensuring overall vehicle functionality and energy efficiency. In the process of implementation, coolant, air and refrigerant are effectively used as heat transfer media to achieve efficient matching between the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the vehicle thermal management system from the perspective of multi-media heat conversion. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the first three-way valve in one working state;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-way valve in another working state;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the second and third three-way valves in one working state.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the second and third three-way valves under another working state.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Hydrogen fuel cell stack structure; 2. Liquid-gas heat exchanger; 3. Liquid-liquid heat exchanger; 4. Low-temperature radiator; 5. Warm air core; 6. High-temperature radiator; 7. First liquid inlet; 8. First three-way valve; 9. First liquid outlet; 10. First electronic water pump; 11. Drive motor; 12. Drive motor controller; 13. DC-DC converter; 14. Second electronic water pump; 15. Fan controller; 16. Second three-way valve; 17. Second liquid outlet; 18. Third three-way valve; 19. Second liquid inlet; 20. Stack water pump; 21. Stack WPTC; 22. Hydrogen supply module; 23. Air compressor; 24. Stack cell; 25. Blower; 26. Condenser assembly; 27. Evaporator assembly; 28. Battery cooler; 29. ​​Battery water pump; 30. Power battery; 31. Water tank; 32. Electric compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention: such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an automotive thermal management system includes a hydrogen fuel cell stack 1. The hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 includes a liquid-gas heat exchanger 2 and a liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3. The liquid-gas heat exchanger 2 is sequentially connected to a drive motor 11, a drive motor controller 12, a DC-DC converter 13, a second electronic water pump 14, and a fan controller 15 via pipelines. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3 is connected to a heater core 5 and a high-temperature radiator 6 via pipelines. The heater core 5 and the high-temperature radiator 6 are connected in parallel with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3.

[0021] Specifically, the drive motor 11 is connected to the first liquid inlet 7 of the liquid-gas heat exchanger 2 via a pipeline, on which a first three-way valve 8 is installed. The liquid inlet of the fan controller 15 is connected to the first liquid outlet 9 of the liquid-gas heat exchanger 2 via a pipeline, on which a first electronic water pump 10 is installed. It should be noted that the drive motor 11, drive motor controller 12, DC-DC converter 13, and fan controller 15 are all equipped with cooling channels, and cooling can be achieved by circulating coolant through the pipeline.

[0022] The liquid-gas heat exchanger 2, the first electronic water pump 10, the fan controller 15, the second electronic water pump 14, the DC-DC converter 13, the drive motor controller 12, the drive motor 11, and the first three-way valve 8 are connected sequentially through pipelines to form a circulation loop. In winter, the heat generated by the drive motor 11, the drive motor controller 12, the DC-DC converter 13, and the fan controller 15 is exchanged with the air loop inside the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 through the liquid-gas heat exchanger 2, causing the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 to heat up rapidly and ensuring its efficiency.

[0023] Furthermore, the first three-way valve 8 is also connected to one end of the low-temperature radiator 4 via a pipeline, and the other end of the low-temperature radiator 4 is connected to the outlet end of the first electronic water pump 10 via a pipeline.

[0024] In winter, the low-temperature radiator 4 is mainly used to dissipate heat for the drive motor 11, drive motor controller 12, DC-DC converter 13 and fan controller 15. When the ambient temperature is high, by fully opening the first three-way valve 8, the low-temperature radiator 4 can simultaneously dissipate heat for the drive motor 11, drive motor controller 12, DC-DC converter 13, second electronic water pump 14, fan controller 15 and hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism 1.

[0025] Furthermore, the inlet of the heater core 5 is connected to the second three-way valve 16 via a pipe. The other two ports of the second three-way valve 16 are connected to the second outlet 17 on the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3 and the inlet of the high-temperature radiator 6 via pipes, respectively. The outlet of the heater core 5 is connected to the third three-way valve 18 via a pipe. The other two ports of the third three-way valve 18 are connected to the second inlet 19 on the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3 and the outlet of the high-temperature radiator 6 via pipes, respectively.

[0026] By controlling the second three-way valve 16 and the third three-way valve 18, the heating core 5 can heat up the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, and the high-temperature radiator 6 can cool down the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1.

[0027] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 also includes a stack water pump 20, a stack WPTC 21, a hydrogen supply module 22, an air compressor 23, a stack cell 24, and a blower 25. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3 is connected to the stack water pump 20, the stack WPTC 21, the hydrogen supply module 22, the air compressor 23, and the stack cell 24 in sequence through liquid pipelines. The liquid-gas heat exchanger 2 is connected to the blower 25 and the stack cell 24 in sequence through gas pipelines.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a condenser assembly 26 and an evaporator assembly 27. The condenser assembly 26 works in conjunction with the high-temperature radiator 6, and the evaporator assembly 27 works in conjunction with the heater core 5. The condenser assembly 26 is connected to the evaporator assembly 27 through a refrigerant pipeline, on which an electric compressor 32 is installed. The evaporator assembly 27 is connected to the battery cooler 28 through a refrigerant pipeline, and the battery cooler 28 is connected to the battery water pump 29 and the power battery 30 in sequence through pipelines.

[0029] The working principle of this invention: When the ambient temperature is low in winter, it is necessary to heat up the battery cell 24. At this time, the state of the first three-way valve 8 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the coolant does not pass through the low-temperature radiator 4. The drive motor 11, liquid-gas heat exchanger 2, first electronic water pump 10, fan controller 15, second electronic water pump 14, DC-DC converter 13, and drive motor controller 12 form a circuit. The heat released by the drive motor 11, drive motor controller 12, DC-DC converter 13, and fan controller 15 heats the coolant. The coolant then exchanges heat with the liquid-gas heat exchanger 2, heating the fuel cell 24 through the gas, achieving efficient temperature rise of the fuel cell 24. In this mode, the coolant does not pass through the low-temperature radiator 4. Figure 1 As shown, when the ambient temperature is high, the first three-way valve 8 is fully open, and the low-temperature radiator 4 simultaneously cools the liquid-gas heat exchanger 2, drive motor 11, drive motor controller 12, DC-DC converter 13, and fan controller 15. However, when the cooling capacity of the low-temperature radiator 4 is insufficient, the first three-way valve 8 switches to... Figure 4 In this state, the low-temperature heat sink 4 only provides heat dissipation for the drive motor 11, drive motor controller 12, DC-DC converter 13, and fan controller 15.

[0030] In this invention, there are two circuits coupled to the high-temperature radiator 6: one is the coolant circuit inside the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, and the other is the heating core circuit in the cockpit. In winter, the hydrogen supply module 22 requires a certain amount of heat to efficiently produce the catalytic reaction. At this time, the fuel cell stack WPTC21 provides a heat source, and the air compressor 23 also provides a certain amount of heat when it is working. When the water circulation inside the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 heats up and the temperature of the fuel cell core 24 is still low, heat exchange occurs between the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 3 and the heating core 5, achieving rapid heating. After the temperature rises, the fuel cell stack WPTC21 can be shut off, and the cockpit can be heated solely through its own reaction, achieving energy saving. At this time, the states of the second three-way valve 16 and the third three-way valve 18 are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0031] During summer, the high-temperature radiator 6 provides cooling for the hydrogen fuel cell stack mechanism 1, and the heating core circuit does not participate in operation. At this time, the states of the second three-way valve 16 and the third three-way valve 18 are as follows: Figure 6 As shown. When the heater core 5 is needed to assist in heat dissipation or participate in operation, the second three-way valve 16 and the third three-way valve 18 are controlled to be fully open.

[0032] The refrigerant circuit and the power battery cooling circuit are the same as those in most mainstream pure electric vehicles, and are coupled in the thermal management system of this invention through heat exchange between the coolant and the refrigerant.

[0033] The above description, based on the embodiments shown in the figures, details the structure, features, and effects of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of implementation shown in the figures. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present invention, or equivalent embodiments modified to have equivalent changes, that do not exceed the spirit covered by the specification and figures, should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle thermal management system, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell stack (1), characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell stack (1) includes a liquid-gas heat exchanger (2) and a liquid-liquid heat exchanger (3). The liquid-gas heat exchanger (2) is connected in sequence to a drive motor (11), a drive motor controller (12), a DC-DC converter (13), a second electronic water pump (14), and a fan controller (15) via pipelines. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger (3) is connected to a warm air core (5) and a high-temperature radiator (6) via pipelines. The inlet of the heating core (5) is connected to the second three-way valve (16) through a pipeline. The other two ports of the second three-way valve (16) are connected to the second outlet (17) of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (3) and the inlet of the high-temperature radiator (6) through pipelines, respectively. The outlet of the heating core (5) is connected to the third three-way valve (18) through a pipeline. The other two ports of the third three-way valve (18) are connected to the second inlet (19) of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (3) and the outlet of the high-temperature radiator (6) through pipelines, respectively. The drive motor (11) is connected to the first liquid inlet (7) of the liquid-gas heat exchanger (2) through a pipeline. A first three-way valve (8) is provided on the pipeline. The liquid inlet of the fan controller (15) is connected to the first liquid outlet (9) of the liquid-gas heat exchanger (2) through a pipeline. A first electronic water pump (10) is provided on the pipeline. The first three-way valve (8) is also connected to one end of the low-temperature radiator (4) through a pipeline, and the other end of the low-temperature radiator (4) is connected to the outlet end of the first electronic water pump (10) through a pipeline. The hydrogen fuel cell stack (1) also includes a stack water pump (20), a stack WPTC (21), a hydrogen supply module (22), an air compressor (23), a stack cell (24), and a blower (25). The liquid-liquid heat exchanger (3) is connected to the stack water pump (20), the stack WPTC (21), the hydrogen supply module (22), the air compressor (23), and the stack cell (24) in sequence through a liquid pipeline. The liquid-gas heat exchanger (2) is connected to the blower (25) and the stack cell (24) in sequence through a gas pipeline.

2. The automotive thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a condenser assembly (26) and an evaporator assembly (27). The condenser assembly (26) works in conjunction with the high-temperature radiator (6), and the evaporator assembly (27) works in conjunction with the warm air core (5). The condenser assembly (26) is connected to the evaporator assembly (27) through a refrigerant pipeline. The evaporator assembly (27) is connected to the battery cooler (28) through a refrigerant pipeline. The battery cooler (28) is connected to the battery water pump (29) and the power battery (30) in sequence through pipelines.

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