A nanocomposite polyethylene film, its preparation method and use

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of nanocomposite polyethylene films and its preparation method and application.The component of the nanocomposite polyethylene film includes polyethylene and functionalized nanodiamond.The functionalized nanodiamond is introduced into polyethylene film in the application, and nanocomposite polyethylene film is prepared by thermal phase separation method, and it is verified that the hydrophilic performance of the nanocomposite polyethylene film is improved, the tendency of its adsorbing protein and hydrophobic particles is reduced in use, and then better anti-pollution effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer material processing technology, and more specifically, to a nanocomposite polyethylene film, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Floating photovoltaic (PV) power stations refer to a new type of PV power station that uses floating structures to support photovoltaic modules. They can be widely used in coal mining subsidence areas, lakes, reservoirs, and other water-based spaces. Floating PV power stations do not occupy arable land and are suitable for areas with abundant water resources but limited land resources. The use of floating PV power stations can reduce water evaporation, inhibit algae growth, and protect water resources.

[0003] The floating system, serving as the supporting component in floating photovoltaic power stations, requires excellent corrosion resistance, aging resistance, low density, and resistance to wind and waves. Currently, the most widely used material both domestically and internationally is high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blow-molded floats. HDPE possesses good rigidity and toughness, high chemical resistance, and excellent thermal stability. However, HDPE's non-wetting properties and weak biocompatibility, along with its inherent hydrophobicity, make it prone to adsorption of hydrophobic particles and proteins, causing surface contamination. Therefore, increasing the hydrophilicity of HDPE materials can reduce its tendency to adsorb proteins and hydrophobic particles. Introducing nanoparticles into polymer membranes is considered a practical method to improve the hydrophilicity and antifouling properties of polymer membranes, but research on inorganic nanoparticle / HDPE membranes is still limited.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nanocomposite polyethylene membrane, its preparation method and application, which can improve the hydrophilicity and antifouling properties of polymer membranes.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nanocomposite polyethylene film, the components of which include polyethylene and functionalized nanodiamonds.

[0008] In some embodiments, the functionalized nanodiamonds described above are selected from at least one of carboxylated nanodiamonds and nanodiamonds grafted with polyethylene glycol.

[0009] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned polyethylene to functionalized nanodiamond is 20:(0.4-1).

[0010] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned polyethylene to carboxylated nanodiamond is 20:0.5.

[0011] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned polyethylene to the nanodiamond grafted with polyethylene glycol is 20:0.75.

[0012] In some embodiments, the polyethylene described above includes high-density polyethylene.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned nanocomposite polyethylene film, which includes adding polyethylene to a dispersion of functionalized nanodiamonds, and separating the nanocomposite polyethylene film after melting, degassing and casting.

[0014] In some embodiments, the functionalized nanodiamonds described above are selected from at least one of carboxylated nanodiamonds and nanodiamonds grafted with polyethylene glycol.

[0015] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the above-mentioned carboxylated nanodiamonds includes: vacuum drying the nanodiamonds and then subjecting them to air thermal cycling heating treatment to obtain carboxylated nanodiamonds.

[0016] In some embodiments, the temperature of the vacuum drying is 70-85°C and the drying time is 1-3 hours.

[0017] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned air thermal circulation heating treatment involves heating the dried nanodiamond to 400-450°C for 1-3 hours.

[0018] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the above-mentioned polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamonds includes: reacting the carboxylated nanodiamonds with N,N-dimethylformamide and thionyl chloride in a substitution reaction to generate acyl chloride nanodiamonds, and then reacting them with N,N-dimethylformamide, polyethylene glycol and triethylamine in a grafting reaction to generate polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamonds.

[0019] In some embodiments, the mass-to-volume ratio of carboxylated nanodiamond to N,N-dimethylformamide and thionyl chloride in the above substitution reaction is 30.5-65.5 (mg): 1.5-3.5 (mL): 15-35 (mL).

[0020] In some embodiments, the mass-to-volume ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide, polyethylene glycol, and triethylamine in the above grafting reaction is 17.5-24.5 (mL): 48-54 (mg): 1-3 (mL).

[0021] In some embodiments, the medium of the dispersion includes mineral oil; the mass concentration ratio of polyethylene to functionalized nanodiamonds in the mineral oil is 20 wt% : (0.4-1) wt%.

[0022] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of polyethylene to carboxylated nanodiamond in the mineral oil is 20 wt% : 0.5 wt%.

[0023] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of polyethylene to polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamond in the mineral oil is 20 wt% : 0.75 wt%.

[0024] In some embodiments, the temperature of the above melting step is 150-170°C and the time is 1-2 hours.

[0025] Thirdly, the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned nanocomposite polyethylene film in the preparation of water surface photovoltaic support devices.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention introduces functionalized nanodiamonds into a polyethylene membrane and prepares a nanocomposite polyethylene membrane by thermally induced phase separation. Verification shows that the hydrophilicity of the nanocomposite polyethylene membrane is improved, and its tendency to adsorb proteins and hydrophobic particles is reduced during use, thereby achieving a better anti-fouling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This invention relates to the preparation of carboxylated nanodiamonds and nanodiamonds grafted with polyethylene glycol.

[0030] Figure 2 This relates to the mechanism by which acyl chloride groups replace carboxyl groups on the surface of nanodiamonds in this invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This explains the mechanism of polyethylene glycol grafting nanodiamond-acyl chloride in this invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of nanodiamonds, carboxylated nanodiamonds, and nanodiamonds grafted with polyethylene glycol, as described in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 5 The following are the SEM results of Experiment 2, where (a) is a cross-sectional SEM image of PE / ND-COOH (0.5wt%); and (b) is a surface SEM image of PE / ND-PEG (0.75wt%).

[0034] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the pure water flux test results in Experiment Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0036] When the polymer membrane is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), it possesses characteristics such as good rigidity and toughness, high chemical resistance, and excellent thermal stability, but its antifouling performance is poor. To improve the hydrophilicity and antifouling performance of HDPE membranes, this invention proposes the following solution:

[0037] A nanocomposite polyethylene film, comprising high-density polyethylene and functionalized nanodiamonds. The preparation method of the nanocomposite polyethylene film of this invention includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. Functionalization of nanodiamonds

[0039] Nanodiamond (ND) is converted into carboxylated nanodiamond (ND-COOH) through a thermal oxidation reaction, and then ND-COOH is grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) through an esterification reaction to form ND-PEG.

[0040] Specifically, the preparation method of ND-COOH is as follows: place nanodiamonds in a vacuum dryer to dry, and then heat them with air circulation to obtain carboxylated nanodiamonds.

[0041] The drying temperature is 70-85℃ and the drying time is 1-3 hours; the air circulation heating is carried out for 1-3 hours to reach 400-450℃.

[0042] Organic impurities and non-diamond carbon are removed through thermal oxidation, and carboxyl groups are formed on the surface of nanodiamonds due to the presence of air (oxygen).

[0043] Specifically, the preparation method of ND-PEG is as follows:

[0044] The dried ND-COOH was dispersed in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a polar inert solvent in an ultrasonic bath. The prepared suspension was then added to thionyl chloride (SOCl2), a chlorine-containing reaction reagent, and refluxed for the first time. The carboxylic acid was replaced with acyl chloride. The resulting nanodiamond-acyl chloride is abbreviated as ND-CoCl.

[0045] DMF, PEG, and triethylamine (TEA) for catalytic action were added to ND-COCl, and the mixture was refluxed a second time. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed several times with methanol and deionized water to remove excess PEG. Finally, the ND-PEG was dried.

[0046] In the preparation of ND-COCl, the mass-volume ratio of ND-COOH, DMF and SOCl2 is 30.5-65.5 (mg): 1.5-3.5 (mL): 15-35 (mL).

[0047] Furthermore, the temperature of the first reflux was 70°C, and the time was 24 hours.

[0048] Furthermore, in the preparation of ND-COCl, the mixture is evaporated at 40°C to remove excess SOCl2.

[0049] When preparing ND-PEG using ND-COCl, the mass-volume ratio of DMF, PEG, and TEA is 17.5-24.5 (mL): 48-54 (mg): 1-3 (mL).

[0050] Furthermore, the temperature of the second reflux was 90°C, and the time was 24 hours.

[0051] The preparation diagrams of ND-COOH and ND-PEG in this step are shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the mechanism of PEG grafting onto ND-COOH is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0052] S2. Preparation of nanocomposite polyethylene film

[0053] HDPE was added to a dispersion of functionalized nanodiamonds, and after melting, degassing, and casting, a nanocomposite polyethylene film was obtained.

[0054] Specifically, the mass concentration ratio of HDPE to functionalized nanodiamonds in the dispersion is 20 wt.% : (0.4-1) wt.%; more preferably, the mass concentration ratio of HDPE to ND-COOH in the dispersion is 20 wt.% : 0.5 wt.%; and the mass concentration ratio of HDPE to ND-PEG in the dispersion is 20 wt.% : 0.75 wt.%.

[0055] After numerous experiments, the inventors concluded that the nanoparticles produced had the best mechanical strength when the contents of ND-COOH and ND-PEG nanoparticles were 0.50 wt% and 0.75 wt%, respectively.

[0056] Furthermore, the melting operation involves melting and blending the mixture at 150-170°C for 1-2 hours.

[0057] Experiments have verified that the nanocomposite polyethylene membrane obtained by the above preparation method can improve the hydrophilicity and antifouling performance defects of pure high-density polyethylene membrane. Therefore, the nanocomposite polyethylene membrane meets the requirements for the operation of water surface photovoltaic power station devices and is suitable for the preparation of water surface photovoltaic power station operation devices.

[0058] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment provides a nanocomposite polyethylene film, the components of which include polyethylene and functionalized nanodiamonds.

[0061] The polyethylene is HDPE, and the functionalized ND-COOH is used; the mass ratio of high-density polyethylene to ND-COOH is 20:0.5.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a nanocomposite polyethylene film, the components of which include polyethylene and functionalized nanodiamonds.

[0064] In this material, the polyethylene is HDPE and the functionalized nanodiamond is ND-PEG; the mass ratio of HDPE to ND-PEG is 20:0.75.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanocomposite polyethylene film, the composition of which is shown in Example 1. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0067] S1. Functionalization of nanodiamonds

[0068] Nanodiamonds are dried at 80°C for 2 hours in a vacuum dryer, and then heated to 430°C in circulating air for 1.5 hours. Organic impurities and non-diamond carbon are removed, and carboxyl groups are formed on the surface of the nanodiamonds.

[0069] S2. Preparation of nanocomposite polyethylene film

[0070] 1) Disperse ND-COOH in mineral oil using ultrasonic probe for 30 minutes, then gradually add HDPE to the dispersion to form a mixed solution with mass concentrations of 0.5wt% and 20wt% for ND-COOH and HDPE, respectively, and melt-blend at 160℃ for 2 hours;

[0071] 2) Degas the solution for 30 minutes and cast it onto a preheated glass plate using a casting knife. Immerse the plate in a deionized water bath (35℃±2) to induce phase separation.

[0072] 3) Immerse the membrane in acetone for 24 hours, and then dry the resulting membrane at room temperature to remove the acetone.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanocomposite polyethylene film, the composition of which is shown in Example 2. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0075] S1. Functionalization of nanodiamonds

[0076] 1) The nanodiamonds were dried at 80°C for 2 hours in a vacuum dryer, and then heated to 430°C in air circulation for 1.5 hours. Organic impurities and non-diamond carbon were removed, and carboxyl groups were formed on the surface of the nanodiamonds.

[0077] 2) Dry ND-COOH (50.26 mg) in a vacuum desiccator at 70 °C for 12 hours, then disperse it in 2 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in an ultrasonic bath. Add the prepared suspension to 20 mL of thionyl chloride (SOCl2) and reflux at 70 °C for 24 hours. The carboxylic acid is replaced with acyl chloride, and it is represented as ND-COCl.

[0078] 3) To remove excess SOCl2, the obtained mixture was evaporated at 40°C;

[0079] 4) Add 20 mL of DMF, 50.48 mg of PEG, and 2 mL of triethylamine (TEA) to ND-COCl, and reflux the mixture at 90 °C for 24 hours. After that, centrifuge the mixture and wash it five times with methanol and deionized water to remove excess PEG. Then dry the ND-PEG at 60 °C for 24 hours.

[0080] S2. Preparation of nanocomposite polyethylene film

[0081] 1) Disperse ND-PEG in mineral oil using ultrasonic probe for 30 minutes, then gradually add HDPE to the dispersion to form a mixed solution with mass concentrations of 0.75wt% and 20wt% for ND-PEG and HDPE, respectively, and melt blend at 160°C for 2 hours.

[0082] 2) Degas the solution for 30 minutes and cast it onto a preheated glass plate using a casting knife. Immerse the plate in a deionized water bath (35℃±2) to induce phase separation.

[0083] 3) Immerse the membrane in acetone for 24 hours, and then dry the resulting membrane at room temperature to remove the acetone.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] This comparative example uses a pure polyethylene film. The difference between this comparative example and Examples 3-4 is that no ND-COOH or ND-PEG is added. Instead, HDPF is dispersed in mineral oil to obtain a dispersion with a mass concentration of 20 wt.%. Other operations are the same as in Examples 3-4.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The difference between the preparation method of this comparative example and that of Examples 3-4 is that the mass concentration of ND-COOH dispersed in mineral oil in this comparative example is 35 wt.%, while the other operations are the same as those in Examples 3-4.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] The difference between the preparation method of this comparative example and that of Examples 3-4 is that in this comparative example, the dried ND-COOH is dispersed in a 45% ethanol / pure water mixed solution in an ultrasonic bath, while the other operations are the same as in Examples 3-4.

[0090] Comparative Example 4

[0091] DMF, PEG and tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine were added to ND-COCl, and the mixture was refluxed a second time. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed several times with methanol and deionized water to remove excess PEG.

[0092] Experimental Example 1

[0093] The ND-COOH and ND-PEG obtained in Examples 3 and 4 were characterized and analyzed with the original ND.

[0094] Figure 4 Fourier infrared spectra of the original ND and the functionalized ND.

[0095] from Figure 4 As can be seen from this, in the case of the original ND nanoparticles, 2851.1 and 2919 cm⁻¹ -1 The absorption peaks at 3420 and 1630.9 cm⁻¹ correspond to the asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of CH₄, respectively. -1 Stretch and deformation vibrations of the OH group were observed at 1736 and 1173 cm⁻¹. -1 The absorption peaks at [value missing] cm⁻¹ belong to oxygen-containing functional groups and are related to the vibrations of carbonyl (C=O) and ether (COC) groups, respectively. After ND thermal oxidation, the vibrational peak of the carbonyl group shifts to 1791.8 cm⁻¹. -1This is because oxygen-containing groups such as ketones, alcohols, and esters are converted into carboxylic acids. Furthermore, the CH vibration peak of ND-COOH in the original ND completely disappears, indicating that the CH group is converted into its oxidized derivative.

[0096] The FTIR spectrum of ND-PEG showed values ​​at 2858.4 and 2923.97 cm⁻¹. -1 Characteristic peaks for CH stretching appeared at [location missing]. Additionally, PEG chain peaks were observed at 1649, 1473.55, 1269.1, 1087.8, and 831.3 cm⁻¹. -1 The characteristic peaks all belong to OH groups. The presence of CH2 binding vibrations, CO group binding vibrations, COC group binding vibrations, and CC stretching in ND-PEG indicates that PEG is attached to the surface of nanodiamonds. During the carboxylation of ND and PEG grafting, more functional groups are introduced onto the surface of ND. The weight loss of ND-PEG mainly occurs between 180 and 750 °C. This weight loss may be due to the decomposition of the PEG chain, as the onset time is close to the decomposition temperature of PEG (177 °C).

[0097] Experimental Example 2

[0098] The nanocomposite polyethylene films prepared in Examples 3-4 were subjected to SEM testing, and the results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, (a) is a cross-sectional SEM image of HDPE / ND-COOH (0.5wt%); (b) is a surface SEM image of HDPE / ND-PEG (0.75wt%).

[0099] from Figure 5 As can be seen, both HDPE / ND-COOH and HDPE / ND-PEG films exhibit randomly oriented leaf-like structures. The leaves of the ND-PEG embedded film are larger, which can be attributed to the presence of nanoparticles. HDPE chains crystallize around them, forming regular and larger leaves. The areas with larger leaves in the ND-COOH embedded film are thinner than those in the ND-PEG embedded film. This is because the coating solution has a higher viscosity, which reduces the diffusion rate of the diluent, hindering nucleation and delaying the phase transformation process.

[0100] Experimental Example 3

[0101] The membranes prepared in Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to antifouling performance tests. These tests primarily evaluated the membrane performance in the bioreactor process by performing filtration at a constant transmembrane pressure of 0.1 bar. The test results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in Table 1.

[0102] Figure 6The membrane flux decline behavior during the bioreactor process was demonstrated. The ND-PEG-encapsulated PE membrane exhibited a higher filtration flux than both the pure HDPE membrane and the HDPE / ND-COOH (0.50 wt%) membrane. Membrane flux decreased during filtration. For the pure HDPE membrane, the pure water flux filtration flux started at 19.3 LMH and decreased to 14.4 LMH after 6 hours. The pure HDPE membrane retained 79.16% of the initial flux after 6 hours of filtration, while the flux retention rates of the HDPE / ND-COOH (0.50 wt%) and HDPE / ND-PEG (0.75 wt%) nanocomposite membranes were 85.75% and 98.53%, respectively.

[0103] Table 1 Comparison of filtration flux of membranes prepared in Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0104]

[0105] The results in Table 1 show that the flux decrease of the nanocomposite membrane is smaller compared to that of the HDPE membrane. This result can be attributed to the surface hydrophilicity of the nanocomposite membrane due to the presence of functionalized ND. Furthermore, operation under subcritical conditions may also be the reason for the slow decrease in filtration flux.

[0106] The above results indicate that the HDPE / ND-PEG membrane (0.75 wt%) exhibited the smallest flux decrease. The improvement in the PE / ND-PEG (0.75 wt%) membrane can be attributed to the improvements in membrane hydrophilicity, surface pore size, and antibacterial activity brought about by ND-PEG NPs. Hydrophilic membranes are more resistant to fouling, while hydrophobic contaminants (proteins, microorganisms, EPS, etc.) can influence the development of fouling on the surface of hydrophobic membranes. The strong hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water molecules within PEG cause water molecules to aggregate around the PEG, thereby hindering the approach of proteins, other biomolecules, and living cells to the membrane surface during biological reactions.

[0107] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nanocomposite polyethylene film, characterized in that, The components of the nanocomposite polyethylene film include polyethylene and functionalized nanodiamonds; the functionalized nanodiamonds are selected from at least one of carboxylated nanodiamonds and nanodiamonds grafted with polyethylene glycol. The mass ratio of polyethylene to carboxylated nanodiamonds is 20:0.5; the mass ratio of polyethylene to polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamonds is 20:0.

75. The method for preparing the nanocomposite polyethylene film includes adding polyethylene to a dispersion of functionalized nanodiamonds, and then separating the nanocomposite polyethylene film after melting, degassing, and casting; wherein the functionalized nanodiamonds are selected from at least one of carboxylated nanodiamonds and nanodiamonds grafted with polyethylene glycol. The method for preparing the polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamonds includes: reacting the carboxylated nanodiamonds with N,N-dimethylformamide and thionyl chloride in a substitution reaction to generate acyl chloride nanodiamonds, and then reacting them with N,N-dimethylformamide, polyethylene glycol and triethylamine in a grafting reaction to generate polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamonds.

2. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyethylene includes high-density polyethylene.

3. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the carboxylated nanodiamonds includes: vacuum drying the nanodiamonds and then subjecting them to air thermal circulation heating treatment to obtain carboxylated nanodiamonds.

4. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vacuum drying temperature is 70-85℃, and the drying time is 1-3 hours.

5. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air heat circulation heating treatment involves heating the dried nanodiamond to 400-450℃ for 1-3 hours.

6. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the substitution reaction, the mass-to-volume ratio of carboxylated nanodiamond to N,N-dimethylformamide and thionyl chloride is 30.5~65.5 (mg): 1.5~3.5 (mL): 15~35 (mL).

7. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the grafting reaction, the mass-to-volume ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide, polyethylene glycol, and triethylamine is 17.5~24.5 (mL): 48~54 (mg): 1~3 (mL).

8. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium of the dispersion includes mineral oil; the mass concentration ratio of polyethylene to functionalized nanodiamond in the mineral oil is 20wt%: (0.4~1)wt%.

9. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of polyethylene to carboxylated nanodiamond in the mineral oil is 20 wt% : 0.5 wt%.

10. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of polyethylene to polyethylene glycol-grafted nanodiamond in the mineral oil is 20 wt% : 0.75 wt%.

11. The nanocomposite polyethylene film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting temperature is 150-170℃, and the melting time is 1-2 hours.

12. The application of the nanocomposite polyethylene film as described in any one of claims 1-11 in the preparation of a water surface photovoltaic support device.

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