pilot post valve

Abstract

Valve (50) oriented by a column is disclosed, comprising a valve body (8) housed in a laminated duct (7) and exposing a closed axial face (10) able to rest on a duct closing seat (11) for isolating a laminated chamber (4) from a combustion chamber (5), the body (8) also having a centring peripheral surface (12), an opening axial face (13) able to rest on a chamber side valve stop (14) and at least one orientation column (15) protruding from the opening axial face (13), the column (15) being able to slide in a guide axial hole (17) rigidly attached to the laminated duct (7).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a guide column valve, which is an improvement on an ignition pre-combustion chamber with a valve, the subject of which is disclosed on August 16, 2019 and belongs to the applicant's patent FR 3,061,743.

[0002] The guide column valve according to the invention is compatible with major improvements to the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber according to patent FR 3,061,743, which has been the subject of several patent applications.

[0003] Among the improvements mentioned, one can note the subject matter of French patent application 3,085,718, published on March 13, 2020, entitled "Valve Magnetic Return Device," or the subject matter of French patent application filed on May 13, 2019, entitled "Ignition Insert with Active Prechamber," or the subject matter of French patent application 2001508, filed on February 14, 2020, entitled "Reverse Combustion Direction Valve Ignition Prechamber."

[0004] What all these patents and patent applications have in common is that, like most torch ignition devices based on the current state of the art, they have an ignition pre-combustion chamber formed by a laminated cavity arranged in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.

[0005] The strategy used in the aforementioned patents, patent applications, and devices is known in particular by the Anglo-Saxon term "turbulent jet ignition."

[0006] According to the patent and patent application, the lamination chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine via a lamination pipe on one side, and receives a lamination injector on the other side, which is capable of injecting a pilot load pre-pressurized by a compression device into the chamber, the load consisting of an oxidant-fuel mixture that can be easily combusted by a spark.

[0007] It is important to note that the combustion chamber then receives the main load, which can be undiluted or diluted with air or recirculated exhaust gases, which in particular can maximize the energy efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

[0008] The difference between the applicant's patents and patent applications and the current state of the art lies in the fact that the laminated pipeline has a valve seat on which a laminated valve can be placed to close the pipeline. In this case, the valve isolates the lamination chamber from the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

[0009] On the other hand, when the valve is removed from the seat to rest directly or via the damping chamber disclosed in French patent application 3,085,718 on the chamber-side valve stop, the valve and the lamination pipe form a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber, which is simultaneously in communication with the lamination cavity on one hand and with the combustion chamber on the other hand via a gas injection port.

[0010] This specific construction allows for the formation of a fully combustible guiding load within the lamination cavity, regardless of the nature and composition of the primary load.

[0011] In fact, the composition, pressure, and temperature of the pilot load can be completely different from those of the main load.

[0012] This avoids one of the major drawbacks of "open" torch ignition pre-combustion chambers (i.e., without a pressure valve), which, according to the current state of the art, means that if a difficult-to-ignite gas mixture forms the main load, the mixture also partially and through improper mixing forms the pilot load in the ignition pre-combustion chamber.

[0013] Therefore, since the main load requires high ignition power for ignition, the pilot load is less likely to deliver high ignition power.

[0014] Conversely, when the main load is formed from a slightly diluted and highly reactive mixture that requires low ignition power to prevent excessive pressure gradients and noise from combustion of the load in the main chamber, the energies of the pilot load are excessive because it is partly formed from the mixture that constitutes the main load.

[0015] In other words, without a lamination valve to close the lamination pipeline, the pilot load will inevitably form as part of the mixture constituting the main load. Under these conditions, the pilot load inherits some of the ignition and combustion sensitivities of the main load, which is the opposite of what is required.

[0016] In fact, the less reactive the primary load, the more powerful the pilot load must be. Conversely, the easier and faster the primary load can burn, the less reactive the pilot load must be to avoid the primary load burning too quickly.

[0017] This is why the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber in patent FR 3,061,743 forms an autonomous torch ignition device, the power of which is freely adjustable to find the best trade-off between the efficiency, pollution emissions, and noise emissions of the internal combustion engine that receives the torch ignition device.

[0018] As explained, as can be seen from the figures and various modifications given in patent FR 3,061,743, the laminated valve must have sufficient thickness to prevent it from breaking even when subjected to impacts during frequent contact with its valve seat.

[0019] To prevent the valve from clogging in the laminated pipe that houses it, the valve must be so thick that it becomes too heavy, or the valve must have a truncated spherical periphery instead of a cylindrical periphery, in order to prevent the valve from clogging in its housing, regardless of its orientation relative to the laminated pipe.

[0020] A disadvantage of the valve with a truncated spherical profile, as shown in French patent application 1904961, is that when the valve is opened under gas pressure to open the laminated pipe, the valve can tilt relative to the laminated pipe that houses the valve and no longer remain parallel to the valve seat that mates with it.

[0021] As disclosed in French patent application 3,085,718, the tilting of the laminated valve is more important if the valve returns to its valve seat via a magnetic field.

[0022] In fact, when the valve returns via the magnetic field in this particular context, the separation of the valve from its mating valve seat occurs in two steps.

[0023] In the first step, under gas pressure, the valve separates only on one side because, for that pressure, it is merely a matter of exceeding the torque applied to the valve by the magnetic field. The effort required for separation is low-intensity.

[0024] In the second step, the laminated valve has been tilted, and the gas pressure must counteract the closing attraction exerted on the valve by the magnetic field, causing the valve to completely separate from the valve seat while assuming a more parallel orientation to the valve seat. The force required for this second separation is several times that required for the first separation.

[0025] As can be understood from the above, if, as proposed in French patent application 3,085,718, the laminated valve returns to its valve seat via a magnetic field (which is practically necessary), and if the valve has a truncated spherical periphery to prevent it from getting stuck in its housing, the valve can only tilt at a large angle.

[0026] The first drawback of this tilt is that it cannot open all the gas injection holes simultaneously and in the same way, that is, equally to each other.

[0027] Therefore, on the one hand, the ignition torch composed of hot gas is not simultaneously launched in the main combustion chamber via the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber, and on the other hand, the torch does not have the same tendency to ignite the main load in terms of both thermodynamics and aerodynamics as well as in terms of physicochemical reactivity.

[0028] This dual-behavior non-uniformity between torches severely impairs the uniformity of combustion of the main load in the main combustion chamber.

[0029] The inhomogeneity can cause knocking, i.e., abnormal combustion of the main load, which can damage the internal combustion engine. In addition, the inhomogeneity inevitably produces cyclic dispersion with slow main load combustion after rapid combustion of the main load, and vice versa.

[0030] The cyclic dispersion is detrimental to the engine's energy efficiency and vibroacoustic behavior.

[0031] The unintended tilting of the laminated valve discussed in this article occurs not only when the valve is open, but also when the valve is closed (when the valve rests again on its mating valve seat).

[0032] The temporary dispersion in the closure of the lamination valve is caused on the one hand by this tilt and on the other hand by a leakage fault between the valve and the valve seat, which manifests as an undesirable passage of gas from the main combustion chamber to the lamination chamber.

[0033] The passage can lead to significant variations in the initiation and development of combustion of the pilot load in the lamination chamber from one cycle to another, because the pilot load includes more or less gas from the main load from one cycle to another.

[0034] The combustion variations cause the emissions from the torch in the main combustion chamber to be earlier or later, stronger or weaker, hotter or less hotter, and more or less reactive from one cycle to another. This results in unstable combustion of the main load from one cycle to another, further impairing the energy efficiency and vibroacoustic behavior of the internal combustion engine.

[0035] Another adverse consequence of the valve's unstable behavior in terms of orientation and sealing is its high equilibrium temperature. In fact, the valve also cools poorly when in contact with its mating valve seat due to poor placement on the seat.

[0036] Therefore, during operation, the lamination valve can reach excessively high temperatures, which may cause the valve to become blocked in the containing lamination pipe due to thermal expansion.

[0037] In order to specifically address these various behavioral problems of the lamination valve in the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber according to patent FR 3,061,743, the guide column valve according to the invention advantageously replaces the lamination valve described in the patent and its improvements, the column valve maintaining substantially parallel to its cooperating valve seat throughout its travel path in the lamination pipeline.

[0038] In particular, the guide column valve according to the invention results in:

[0039] • All ignition torches are launched from the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber approximately simultaneously and at the same power;

[0040] • The power, composition, aerodynamic behavior, and physicochemical reactivity of the torch launched from the ignition pre-combustion chamber into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine are controlled, and the transition from one torch to another is similar;

[0041] • The safety and energy efficiency of internal combustion engines are maximized;

[0042] • The vibrational acoustic behavior of the engine has been optimized;

[0043] • In all cases, including when the internal combustion engine is running at high power, the valve should be properly cooled.

[0044] Furthermore, by replacing the lamination valve, the guide column valve according to the invention advantageously increases the overall durability and robustness of the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber according to patent FR 3,061,743 by preventing the risk of any mechanical blockage of the column valve in the lamination pipe that houses it, and by limiting wear on the valve and the pipe.

[0045] Furthermore, the guide column valve according to the present invention makes better use of and optimizes the operation of the damping chamber described in French patent application 3,085,718.

[0046] It should be understood that the guide column valve according to the invention can be applied not only to the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber according to patent FR 3,061,743, but also to any other application that is similar in concept and principle, which can advantageously utilize the characteristics and functions of the valve.

[0047] The valve is oriented for a valve ignition pre-combustion chamber disposed in an internal combustion engine cylinder head that covers a combustion chamber. The pre-combustion chamber includes a lamination chamber, an ignition device, and at least one lamination injector extending from the lamination chamber. The chamber is connected to the combustion chamber via a lamination conduit that accommodates the valve to form a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber together with the valve. The torch ignition pre-combustion chamber positions the lamination chamber relative to the combustion chamber via at least one gas injection port. The valve includes:

[0048] • Valve body, which is housed in the laminated pipe with a small clearance;

[0049] • A closed axial surface, which is arranged on the valve body, can be entirely or partially placed on the pipe sealing seat of the laminated pipe in order to close the pipe and isolate the laminated cavity of the combustion chamber;

[0050] • At least one centering circumferential surface is arranged around the periphery of the valve body; said surface may contact the inner wall of the laminated pipe to center the body within the pipe;

[0051] • An open axial face is arranged on the valve body opposite to a closed axial face, and when the closed axial face is not resting on a pipe sealing seat, the open axial face can rest on a chamber-side valve stop arranged in a laminated pipeline.

[0052] • At least one directional post, which is securely fixed to the valve body and protrudes from the opening axial face;

[0053] • At least one guide axial hole is arranged in or near the chamber-side valve stop, and the directional post is received in the at least one guide axial hole with a small radial clearance, the post being able to slide longitudinally in the hole without ever being completely dislodged from the hole;

[0054] • And a valve damping chamber, which is formed by a laminated pipe, an open axial face and a chamber-side valve stop, the volume of which is at its maximum when the closed axial face rests on the pipe closure seat and at its minimum when the open axial face rests on the chamber-side valve stop.

[0055] The directional valve according to the invention includes a guide axial bore that passes through a laminated conduit to connect a valve damping chamber and a combustion chamber, allowing gas to flow between the chambers via a small radial clearance left between the directional post and the guide axial bore.

[0056] The directional valve according to the invention includes at least one gas throttling orifice connecting a valve damping chamber and a combustion chamber, so that gas can flow between the chambers via the orifice.

[0057] The directional valve according to the invention includes a centering circumferential surface having a tapered profile.

[0058] The directional valve according to the invention includes a gas injection orifice connected to a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber via at least one gas injection slot, the at least one gas injection slot being arranged in a laminated pipe and near a pipe closure seat.

[0059] The directional valve according to the invention includes a valve body and / or a directional column, which is attracted by a closed magnetic field source in the direction of the lamination cavity.

[0060] The directional valve according to the invention includes a closed magnetic field source consisting of at least one closed permanent magnet that generates a magnetic field, which can be canceled or amplified by opposing or matched magnetic fields induced in the core of the guide coil by the magnetic field guide coil.

[0061] The directional valve according to the invention includes a valve body and / or a directional column, which is attracted by an open magnetic field source toward a chamber-side valve stop.

[0062] The directional valve according to the invention includes a directional post having a damping shoulder that engages with a damping countersunk hole disposed at the inlet of a guide axial bore, the countersunk hole extending into the valve damping chamber.

[0063] The directional valve according to the invention includes a damping countersunk hole that is directly or indirectly connected to the combustion chamber via at least one pressure-reducing conduit.

[0064] The directional valve according to the invention includes a laminated conduit comprising a directly mounted nonmagnetic sleeve on which a conduit closure seat is disposed.

[0065] The following description, provided as a non-exhaustive example with reference to the accompanying drawings, will provide a better understanding of the invention, its features, and the potential benefits it may offer:

[0066] Figure 1 This is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the guide column valve according to the present invention, wherein the valve is in the "open" position in the lamination pipe such that the open axial surface rests on the chamber-side valve stop, and the valve together with the lamination pipe forms a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber, which positions the lamination chamber relative to the combustion chamber through a gas injection hole.

[0067] Figure 2 According to the present invention and based on Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a modified guide column valve, which is in a "closed" position in the laminated pipe, such that the closed axial surface of the valve rests on the pipe closure seat and the laminated chamber is no longer in communication with the combustion chamber.

[0068] Figure 3This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, which may be designed to receive a guide column valve according to the invention via an ignition insert having an active pre-combustion chamber, as described in French patent application 1904961, which is returned to a closed state by a valve magnetic return device as the subject of French patent application 3085718. The laminated injector extending into the cavity lamination is part of a cam-hydraulic injection system as the subject of French patent application 1913528 dated November 29, 2019. The laminated cavity receives an inverter enclosure as provided in French patent application 2001508 entitled “Reverse Combustion Direction Valve Ignition Prechamber”.

[0069] Figure 4 According to the present invention and based on Figure 3 The diagram shows a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the guide column valve in the variant and environment, but without the internal combustion engine cylinder head.

[0070] Figure 5 The guide column valve according to the present invention and Figure 3 The diagram shows a 3D view of the variant and environment, but without the internal combustion engine cylinder head.

[0071] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, which can be designed to receive a guide column valve according to the invention via an ignition insert having an active pre-combustion chamber, such as that described in French patent application 1904961, the valve returning to a closed state by a magnetic field generated by a closed permanent magnet; the field can be canceled or amplified by opposing or matched magnetic fields induced in the core of the guide coil by the magnetic field guide coil.

[0072] Figure 7 This is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a variant of the guide column valve according to the invention, in which the valve receives a damping shoulder that engages with a damping countersunk hole arranged at the inlet of the guide axial bore, the valve body is attracted toward the chamber-side valve stop by an annular open permanent magnet integral with the nose of the non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber, and the valve is in the "open" position so as to form a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber with the laminated pipe.

[0073] Figure 8 According to the present invention and based on Figure 7 The diagram shows an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a modified guide column valve, which is in a "closed" position in the laminated pipe, such that the closed axial surface of the valve rests on the pipe closure seat and the laminated chamber is no longer in communication with the combustion chamber. Detailed implementation method:

[0074] Details of the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention, its components, variations and accessories are already provided. Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the image.

[0075] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the column-directing valve 50 is mainly used for valve ignition pre-combustion chamber 1, which can be arranged in, for example... Figure 3 and Figure 6 In the internal combustion engine cylinder head 2 shown, the cylinder head covers the combustion chamber 3.

[0076] exist Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 6 to 8 It is noted that the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber 1 includes a lamination chamber 4, an ignition device 5, and at least one lamination injector 6 extending from the lamination chamber, such as... Figures 3 to 6 As shown.

[0077] like Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 6 to 8 As can be seen, the lamination chamber 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 3 via a lamination pipe 7, which houses a guide column valve 50 according to the invention, so that when the guide column valve 50 is in the "open" position, it can form a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9 with the valve, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 7 As clearly shown in the text.

[0078] Figure 1 and Figure 7 This actually shows that the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9 connects the lamination chamber 6 to the combustion chamber 5 through at least one gas injection hole 16.

[0079] exist Figures 1 to 8 As can be seen from the diagram, the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention includes a valve body 8, which is accommodated in the laminated pipe 7 with a small clearance.

[0080] As a variation of the guide post valve 50 according to the invention (but not shown), the valve body 8 may include an indexing stud that prevents it from rotating about its longitudinal axis.

[0081] In particular, if an opening (not shown) is provided around the valve 50, such a column can be provided, wherein each opening in the opening opens a gas injection opening 16 when the closed axial face 10 of the valve 50 moves away from the pipe closure seat 11 of the laminated pipe 7.

[0082] Especially Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As can be seen from the figure, the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention has a closed axial surface 10 arranged on the valve body 8. According to an embodiment of the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention (not shown), the closed axial surface can receive at least one flow channel on its surface to guide gas to the gas injection hole 16.

[0083] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the closed axial surface can be placed entirely or partially on the pipe sealing seat 11 of the laminated pipe 7 in order to seal the pipe 7 and isolate the lamination chamber 4 from the combustion chamber 5.

[0084] It should be noted that, according to a variant not shown, the closed axial surface 10 may advantageously have an aerodynamic dome that facilitates the flow of gas 19 between the laminated conduit 7 and the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9, such a dome being similar to the dome provided in the applicant’s patent FR 3,061,743.

[0085] Figures 1 to 8 The guide column valve 50 according to the invention is shown to include at least one centering circumferential surface 12 disposed around the periphery of the valve body 8, the surface 12 being capable of contacting the inner wall of the laminated pipe 7 to center the body 8 in the pipe 7.

[0086] It should be noted that the centering circumferential surface 12 may advantageously be connected to the closed axial surface 10 and / or the open axial surface 13 by means of bevels, strips or spokes, in order to avoid excessive contact pressure between the valve body 8 and the laminated conduit 7 that houses the valve body.

[0087] exist Figures 1 to 8 It should be noted that the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention has an opening axial surface 13, which is arranged on the valve body 8 opposite to the closing axial surface 10, and when the closing axial surface 10 is not resting on the pipe sealing seat 11, the opening axial surface can rest on the chamber side valve stop 14 arranged in the laminated pipe 7.

[0088] Figures 1 to 8 The guide post valve 50 according to the invention is clearly shown to have at least one directional post 15, which is firmly attached to the valve body 8 and protrudes from the opening axial face 13.

[0089] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As can be clearly seen, the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention includes at least one guide axial hole 17, which is arranged in or near the chamber-side stop valve 14, and the directional column 15 is received in the guide axial hole with a small radial clearance, the column 15 being able to slide longitudinally in the hole 17 without ever being completely dislodged.

[0090] It should be noted that, advantageously, the guide column valve 50 according to the invention may be wholly or partially coated with a material having a low coefficient of friction and being wear-resistant, such as a diamond-like coating or a physical vapor deposition such as Ionbond 90, and the inner surface of the laminated conduit 7 in contact with the valve 50 may be wholly or partially coated with chemical nickel, for example.

[0091] exist Figure 2 and Figure 7 As can be seen in particular, in the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, the laminated pipe 7, the open axial surface 13 and the chamber-side valve stop 14 form a valve damping chamber 18, the volume of which is maximum when the closed axial surface 10 rests on the pipe sealing seat 11 and minimum when the open axial surface 13 rests on the chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0092] It should be noted that, according to a specific embodiment of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention (not shown), a recess may be arranged on the surface of the chamber-side valve stop 14 such that when the opening axial surface 13 rests on the stop 14, the remaining volume of the valve damping chamber 18 increases.

[0093] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the guide axial hole 17 can advantageously pass through the laminated pipe 7 to connect the valve damping chamber 18 and the combustion chamber 3, so that the gas 19 can circulate between the chambers 18 and 3 via a small radial clearance left between the directional column 15 and the guide axial hole 17.

[0094] exist Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the diagram, at least one gas throttle orifice 20 can connect the valve damping chamber 18 and the combustion chamber 3, so that gas 19 can flow between the chambers 18 and 3 via the orifice 20.

[0095] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the centering circumferential surface 12 of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention may have a tapered profile 21 so that the valve body 8 is substantially self-oriented relative to the laminated pipe 7, thus ensuring that the closed axial surface 10 can lie flat on the pipe closure seat 11 that it mates with.

[0096] from Figure 5As can be clearly seen, the gas injection hole 16 can be connected to the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9 via at least one gas injection slot 22, which is arranged in the laminated pipe 7 and located near the pipe closure seat 11.

[0097] Advantageously, the slot 22 guides hot gas 19 from the lamination chamber 4 via the lamination conduit 7, such that, on the one hand, the gas is cooled as little as possible before being injected into the combustion chamber 3 via the gas injection hole 16, especially when in contact with the conduit 7, and on the other hand, the flow of the gas 19 is promoted.

[0098] exist Figures 3 to 5 As already shown, following the example provided by the valve magnetic return device of French patent application 3,085,718 published on March 13, 2020, the valve body 8 and / or directional column 15 of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention can be attracted in the direction of the lamination cavity 4 by a closed magnetic field source 23, which can be a closed permanent magnet 24 or a wire coil.

[0099] In this case, the valve body 8 should preferably be made of magnetic materials such as steel, stainless steel or non-stainless steel.

[0100] exist Figures 3 to 6 It has been generally accepted that a closed magnetic field source 23 may include at least one closed permanent magnet 24 that generates a magnetic field.

[0101] However, in Figure 6 It has been shown that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 24 can be canceled or amplified by opposing or matched magnetic fields induced in the guide coil core 37 by the magnetic field guide coil 38, and the current flowing through the coil 38 can be controlled by the computing device 39.

[0102] According to this particular configuration of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, the magnetic field guiding coil 38 can eliminate, strengthen, or change the intensity of the magnetic return of the guide column valve 50 on the pipe sealing seat 11 generated by the closed permanent magnet 24, depending on the strength and direction of the current flowing through it. The time scale ranges from a few degrees of rotation of the internal combustion engine crankshaft to a few seconds or even a few minutes.

[0103] exist Figure 6 As can be seen, the guide coil core 37 may include at least one cooling ring 40 at its periphery, which creates a thermal bridge between the core 37 and the portion therein, in order to facilitate proper cooling of the core 37.

[0104] like Figure 6As can be seen, the guide coil core 37 may include a magnetic support device 41, which is directly supported on the active pre-combustion chamber ignition insert 42, for which it passes through an insert clamping device 43 that holds the insert 42 in the internal combustion engine cylinder head 2.

[0105] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The valve body 8 and / or the directional column 15 are shown to be attracted toward the chamber-side valve stop 14 by an open magnetic field source 44, which may be an annular open permanent magnet 45 integrated with the non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34.

[0106] The magnet 45 can be made of "AlNiCo", which is a material known to be resistant to high temperatures, impacts, and corrosion.

[0107] This specific construction of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention can advantageously be combined with... Figure 6 The configuration shown is combined in which the closed permanent magnet 24 attracts the valve body 8 and / or the directional column 15 in the direction of the lamination cavity 4; the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 24 can be controlled or amplified by a corresponding opposite or matched magnetic field induced in the guide coil core 37 by the magnetic field guide coil 38; the current through the coil 38 can be controlled by the computing device 39.

[0108] This combination of devices allows the guide column valve 50 to be dynamically opened or closed based on whether the magnetic fields generated by the closed permanent magnet 24, the open permanent magnet 45, and the magnetic field guiding coil 38 cause the magnetic field at the level of the guide column valve 50 to tend to press the valve 50 against the valve seat 11 or the chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0109] As a variation, the guide column valve 50 itself can be permanently magnetized so that it can be attracted or repelled by the magnetic field generated by the closed permanent magnet 24 and / or the magnetic field guiding coil 38.

[0110] For this purpose, the valve 50 may incorporate a permanent magnet, which may be attached to any surface of the valve 50 or integrated integrally or partially inside the valve.

[0111] according to Figures 6 to 8In a specific variant of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention shown, the guide column 15 may have a damping shoulder 46 that engages with a damping countersunk hole 47 disposed at the inlet of the guide axial bore 17, the countersunk hole 47 extending into the valve damping chamber 18. The relative positions of the shoulder 46 and the countersunk hole 47 are arranged such that when the guide column valve 50 has traveled a certain distance in its movement from the pipe closure seat 11 to the chamber-side valve stop 14, the damping shoulder 46 reaches the level of the damping countersunk hole 47, in order to restrict the passage of gas contained in the valve damping chamber 18 to the combustion chamber 3 via the radial clearance left between the guide column 15 and the guide axial bore 17.

[0112] It should be noted that the damping countersunk hole 47 can be confused with the chamber side valve stop 14, or even replaced by a raised portion.

[0113] exist Figures 6 to 8 As shown in the diagram, the damping countersunk hole 47 can be directly or indirectly connected to the combustion chamber 3 via at least one pressure-reducing pipe 48. As long as the damping shoulder 46 has not reached the level of the damping countersunk hole 47 when the guide column valve 50 moves from the pipe sealing seat 11 toward the chamber-side valve stop 14, the gas contained in the valve damping chamber 18 can move freely toward the combustion chamber 3 through the pressure-reducing pipe.

[0114] exist Figures 6 to 8 As shown in the diagram, the laminated conduit 7 may include a directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve 26 on which the conduit closure seat 11 is arranged; the sleeve 26 may be mounted around the gas injection pipe 25 formed by the laminated conduit 7.

[0115] In this case, the directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve 26 can advantageously be made of Inconel alloy, a material that has high mechanical properties at high temperatures.

[0116] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is noted that a slight axial offset can be provided between the pipe closure seat 11 arranged on the directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve 26 and the end of the gas injection pipe 25. This offset allows pressure to enter between the pipe 25 and the closure axial surface 10, so as to open the guide column valve 50 by the pressure of the gas contained in the lamination chamber 4.

[0117] Operation of the present invention:

[0118] from Figures 1 to 8 The operation of the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention can be easily understood from the view.

[0119] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figure 7 and Figure 8It should be noted that, by way of non-limiting example, the laminated pipe 7 consists of at least three different parts.

[0120] First, the pipe 7 includes a gas injection tube 25 made of a magnetic material, in this case stainless steel with high magnetic permeability and low remanence, which receives... Figures 1 to 5 Pipe sealing seat 11 in the middle.

[0121] Secondly, the laminated conduit 7 includes a directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve 26, which is made of, for example, copper or "Inconel alloy," and this non-magnetic sleeve is mounted on the gas injection pipe 25. According to... Figures 6 to 8 The variant shown features a directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve 26 that receives the pipe closure seat 11 instead of the gas injection pipe 25, thus... Figures 1 to 5 The opposite of what is shown.

[0122] Finally, and thirdly, the laminated conduit 7 includes a non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34 made of copper or stainless steel, which may or may not be coated with a highly abrasion-resistant anti-friction material. The nose 34 spans the gas injection pipe 25 and is mounted directly to the non-magnetic sleeve 26. Additionally, the nose 34 accommodates a guide column valve 50 with a small clearance and receives the chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0123] Especially as Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34, together with the guide column valve 50, forms a valve damping chamber 18. This valve damping chamber is connected to the combustion chamber 3 on the one hand via a gap formed by a small radial clearance left between the directional column 15 and the guide axial hole 17, and on the other hand, only according to... Figures 1 to 5 The configuration shown is connected to the combustion chamber via a gas throttle orifice 20.

[0124] from Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be clearly seen that the directional post 15 can slide longitudinally in the guide axial hole 17 without ever completely dislodging itself.

[0125] The clearance between the directional column 15 and the guide axial hole 17 has been carefully designed to allow the guide column valve 50 to tilt fully to compensate for any non-perpendicularity between the gas injection pipe 25 and the pipe closure seat 11, i.e., to ensure that the closure axial surface 10 can be in full contact with the seat 11 on its entire surface.

[0126] Slight tilting of the guide column valve 50 is possible because only the outer peripheral contact line with a very short axial length located on the centering circumferential surface 12 and near the closed axial surface 10 actually contacts the inner wall of the laminated pipe 7, which happens to be the inner wall of the non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34.

[0127] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be noted, as an example of the design of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, the centering circumferential surface 12 arranged around the periphery of the valve body 8 has a tapered profile 21 so as to allow the body 8 to be oriented substantially relative to the laminated pipe 7, which prevents the tapered profile 21 from contacting the inner wall of the nonmagnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34 over its entire height.

[0128] Therefore, only the upper part (i.e., the maximum diameter) of the conical profile 21 of the centering circumferential surface 12 can contact the inner wall of the nonmagnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34, while the remaining surface of the profile 21 simply approaches the wall more or less closely, but never touches the wall.

[0129] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The centering circumferential surface 12 is shown in sequence to have a truncated spherical profile at its outer peripheral contact line, while the rest of the centering circumferential surface 12 is purely cylindrical.

[0130] exist Figure 1 and Figure 7 In the diagram, the guide column valve 50 is shown in the "open" position, with the closed axial surface 10 arranged on the valve body 8 away from the pipe closure seat 11 it mates with, while the open axial surface 13 rests on or very close to the chamber-side valve stop 14, which is arranged in the laminated pipe 7 and more precisely in the non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34 that partially forms the pipe 7.

[0131] It should be noted that in the "open" position, the guide column valve 50 and the lamination pipe 7 form an annular torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9. The pre-combustion chamber 9 is connected to the lamination chamber 4 on one hand, and to the combustion chamber 3 on the other hand via the gas injection hole 16.

[0132] The "open" position of the guide column valve 50 occurs when the pressure of the dominant gas in the lamination chamber 4 is greater than the pressure of the dominant gas in the combustion chamber 3.

[0133] This situation is primarily caused by the ignition of the pilot load 31, which is pre-introduced into the lamination chamber 4 by the lamination injector 6 via the device 5. The pilot load 31 consists of a highly combustible air-fuel mixture AF, which is pre-introduced by, for example, Figure 3 and Figure 6The compression device 30 shown is pressurized, and in this case, the compression device is formed here by any type of laminating compressor 32.

[0134] exist Figures 3 to 6 It can be noted that the ignition device 5 is simply the known spark plug 33.

[0135] Figure 2 and Figure 8 The guide column valve 50 is shown in the "closed" position, with the closed axial surface 10 arranged on the valve body 8 in contact with the mating pipe closure seat 11, while the open axial surface 13 is away from the chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0136] from Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be easily deduced that in order to move from the "open" position to the "closed" position, the guide column valve 50 is forced to remain approximately perpendicular to the axis of the laminated pipe 7 by means of the directional column 15.

[0137] It should be noted that if Figure 1 and Figure 2 The tapered profile 21 shown Figure 7 and Figure 8 The purely cylindrical portion of the centering circumferential surface 12 shown means that the circumferential surface 12 does not contact the inner wall of the non-magnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34 only on the outer circumferential contact line at a low axial height near the closed axial surface 10, and the directional column 15 itself only contacts the guide axial hole at the outlet of the guide axial hole 17 into the combustion chamber 3.

[0138] Therefore, by leaving a maximum axial distance between the two contact points of the guide column valve 50 and the laminated pipe 7, any risk of the valve 50 becoming blocked in the pipe 7 due to support is avoided.

[0139] To enhance the angular stability of the guide column valve 50, in Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the damping chamber of valve 18 is advantageously connected to combustion chamber 3 via three gas throttling orifices 20, which are distributed on the surface of chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0140] This particular construction forces the opening axial face 13 to be positioned as parallel as possible to the stop 14, especially when the face 13 is only a few hundredths of a millimeter away from the stop 14 when the guide column valve 50 is opened.

[0141] As can be understood from the above, unlike the lamination valve described in patent FR3,061,743 and its various improvements, which replaces the guide column valve 50 and involves the "valve ignition pre-combustion chamber", the guide column valve 50 will not be blocked in the lamination pipe 7 that it supports and cooperates with.

[0142] In addition, the column valve 50 is no longer oriented in an uncontrolled manner like the laminated valve described in French patent application 1904961, which relates to "an ignition insert with an active pre-combustion chamber," the latter of which has a truncated spherical periphery to prevent the valve from clogging in its housing.

[0143] Due to the specific construction of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, the valve 50 translates between the pipe closure seat 11 and the chamber-side valve stop 14 that cooperates therewith, while remaining substantially perpendicular to the axis of the laminated pipe 7 throughout its entire stroke, or at least able to tilt (e.g. and depending on the selected initial clearance and the relative temperatures of the various components involved) by a maximum of one degree.

[0144] For the reasons mentioned above, the hot gas torch is actually launched into the combustion chamber 3 simultaneously from the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9, and the torch has considerable composition, temperature, geometry and power.

[0145] This uniformity of the ignition torch launched into the combustion chamber 3 of the internal combustion engine ensures high energy efficiency, high stability, and, in particular, optimal safety against knocking of the engine, which receives a valve ignition pre-combustion chamber 1 equipped with a guide column valve 50 according to the invention.

[0146] Regardless of whether the guide column valve 50 moves in the direction of the pipe closure seat 11 or in the direction of the chamber-side valve stop 14, the stability of the valve 50's orientation along its two axes perpendicular to the laminated pipe 7 ensures optimal closure of the laminated pipe 7.

[0147] The term "optimal closure" means that a clear contact is quickly established between the axial closure face 10 and the pipe closure seat 11, which prevents the gas 19 contained in the combustion chamber 3 from entering the lamination chamber 4 via the lamination pipe 7.

[0148] In fact, the directional guidance applied to the guide column valve 50 by the directional column 15 prevents the guide column valve from opening and closing in both stages, as explained in the introduction.

[0149] Therefore, only by Figures 3 to 5 The magnetic field generated by the closed magnetic field source 23 (in this case, a closed permanent magnet 24) shown applies a separation force to the guide column valve 50, which determines the force for tight contact of the valve 50 with the pipe closure seat 11 and for separating the valve from the seat.

[0150] Due to the specific construction of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, the torque applied to the valve 50 by the magnetic field no longer interferes or hardly interferes during close contact or separation on the seat. This is advantageous because the force to counteract the torque has a very low strength compared to the force required to counteract the magnetic force for close contact on the seat.

[0151] However, preventing the gas 19 contained in the combustion chamber 3 from entering the lamination chamber 4 allows the guide load 31 contained in the lamination chamber 4 to remain intact. This is achieved by preventing any mixing of the load 31 with the main load 27 contained in the combustion chamber 3; the latter load 27 can be significantly diluted by air or recirculated exhaust gas.

[0152] Maintaining the integrity of the pilot load 31 specifically ensures good combustion stability of the pilot load 31 in the lamination chamber 4, and thus ensures good stability of the internal combustion engine, which is an important condition for the optimal possible efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

[0153] The direct closure of the pilot valve 50 also allows for optimized cooling of the pilot valve on the pipe closure seat 11, and any gas blades 19 remaining between the valve 50 and the seat 11 may reduce the heat transferred from the valve 50 to the seat 11.

[0154] Furthermore, this direct closure does not individually optimize the cooling of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention.

[0155] In fact, the tapered profile 21 of the centering circumferential surface 12 (or a purely cylindrical profile depending on the situation) leaves a smaller average clearance between the inner walls of the surface 12 and the nonmagnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34, and most importantly, leaves a larger surface area than that of the truncated spherical lamination valve described in French patent application 1904961.

[0156] In addition to the better sealing of the guide column valve 50 facilitating proper functioning of the valve damping chamber 18, this improved radial proximity and the wider surface area left between the tapered profile 21 and the nonmagnetic pre-combustion chamber nose 34 promote heat transfer through the valve 50 to the nose 34, which is cooler than the valve 50.

[0157] It should be noted that, especially Figure 5 Advantageously, the gas injection orifice 16 is connected to the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber 9 via a gas injection slot 22, which is arranged in a directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve 26 constituting the laminated pipe 7 and near the pipe closure seat 11.

[0158] In addition to the advantage of guiding hot gas 19 from lamination chamber 4 through lamination conduit 7 so that the gas 19 is cooled as little as possible when in contact with the conduit 7 and their flow is promoted, the slot 22 provides for a large cold surface near the closed axial surface 10, which faces the surface 10.

[0159] Therefore, this enclosed cold surface also promotes the cooling of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention.

[0160] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, spark plug 33 is equipped with a converter housing 28 integrated with spark plug 12, as described in French patent application 2001508 entitled "Valve ignition prechamber with reversed direction of combustion", the housing 28 receiving the priming load.

[0161] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 It should be noted that the grounding electrode 35, which is integrated with the converter housing 28, includes a protruding iridium pad 29 facing the center electrode 36 of the spark plug 33, which is also made of iridium.

[0162] Furthermore, in this configuration, three main injection nozzles, sharply offset toward the periphery of the converter housing 28, connect the converter housing to the interior of the lamination chamber 4. These three nozzles are barely visible in the figure because they are very small.

[0163] exist Figure 6 The diagram shows a variation of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, in which the source 23 of the closed magnetic field is a closed permanent magnet 24 that generates a magnetic field that can be canceled or amplified by opposing or matched magnetic fields induced in the guide coil core 37 by the magnetic field guide coil 38, through which current passes, the intensity of which is controlled by a computing device 39.

[0164] Advantageously, the guide coil core 37 can be made of a material with high permeability and low remanence.

[0165] According to this particular configuration of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention, the magnetic field guiding coil 38 can extinguish, enhance, or change the power of the magnetic return of the guide column valve 50 on the pipe sealing seat 11 generated by the closed permanent magnet 24, depending on the intensity and direction of the current flowing through it. The time scale ranges from a few degrees of rotation of the internal combustion engine crankshaft to a few seconds or even a few minutes.

[0166] The magnetic return dynamic guidance of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention makes it possible to particularly avoid any residual support of the valve 50 during valve opening after the guide load 31 housed in the lamination chamber 4 has burned.

[0167] In fact, if the directional column 15 resists the tilt of the guide column valve 50, which is caused by the torque applied to the valve 50 by the magnetic field, then removing the field by the magnetic field guide coil 38 eliminates the true source of the tilt.

[0168] Therefore, the computing device 39 can suppress the magnetic return of the guide column valve 50 a few hundred microseconds before the guide column valve 50 opens under the combustion action of the guide load 31.

[0169] Once the torch in combustion chamber 3 ignites the flame in pre-combustion chamber 9, the computing device 39 can restore the magnetic return of the guide column valve 50 so that the guide column valve returns to contact the pipe closure seat 11 with less impact.

[0170] The strategy for guiding the magnetic field to return the guide column valve 50 according to the invention makes it possible to greatly reduce wear on the valve 50 and the laminated pipe 7, which is housed in the laminated pipe with a small clearance.

[0171] Additionally, guiding the magnetic field to return the guide column valve 50 by allowing the lamination chamber 4 to be filled with the oxidant-fuel mixture AF via the gas injection hole 16 instead of via the lamination injector 6, thus ensuring cold starting of the internal combustion engine at low temperatures.

[0172] In this case, the guide column valve 50 remains open during the compression of the engine in order to fill the lamination chamber 4.

[0173] When the pressure in the lamination chamber 4 reaches the recondensation limit of the oxidizer-fuel mixture AF contained in the chamber 4 during such compression, the guide column valve 50 is forcibly closed by the computing device 39. This ensures complete combustion of the mixture and provides an effective solution to the problem of starting the engine with the ignition pre-combustion chamber at very low temperatures, which is difficult or even impossible.

[0174] The guidance of the magnetic field returned by the guide column valve 50 not only allows for optimized evacuation of the lamination chamber 4 between two fillings to minimize the amount of residual flue gas from the previous cycle, but also improves the combustion of the guide load 31 in the chamber 4.

[0175] In fact, once the ignition torch is launched into the combustion chamber 3 through the gas injection port 16, the forced closure of the guide column valve 50 when the pressure in the lamination chamber 4 is at its lowest allows the desired result to be achieved.

[0176] Figure 7 and Figure 8An open permanent magnet 45 is shown, which can be configured according to the invention to attract the guide column valve 50 in the direction of the chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0177] The magnet 45 engages with the closed permanent magnet 24 and the magnetic field guiding coil 38. The magnet 45 allows the guide column valve 50 to be pushed onto the pipe closure seat 11 for closure when appropriate, but, depending on the circumstances, the magnet allows the valve 50 to be pushed onto the chamber-side valve stop 14 for opening.

[0178] Therefore, the computing device 39 can cancel the magnetic field of the closed permanent magnet generated by the closed permanent magnet 24 at the level of the guide column valve 50 via the magnetic field guide coil 38.

[0179] In this case, only the magnetic field generated by the open permanent magnet 45 remains on the guide column valve 50, which is attracted in the direction of the chamber-side valve stop 14.

[0180] Conversely, depending on the strength and direction of the current circulating in the magnetic field guiding coil 38, the computing device 39 can allow the magnetic field generated by the closed permanent magnet 24 at the level of the guide column valve 50 to function, or enhance the magnetic field.

[0181] Since the magnetic field generated by the closed permanent magnet 24 is naturally stronger at the level of the guide column valve 50 than the magnetic field generated by the open permanent magnet 45, the valve 50 is pulled along the direction of the pipe closure seat 11 if no current circulates in the magnetic field guide coil 38.

[0182] It is readily understood that the computing device 39 can advantageously give an advantage to one or the other of the opposing magnetic fields of the closed permanent magnet 24 or the open permanent magnet 45 via the magnetic field guiding coil 38, thus being configured to force the guide column valve 50 to travel in the direction of the pipe closure seat 11 or in the direction of the chamber side valve stop 14 when necessary.

[0183] This "pull-push" function of the guide column valve 50, managed by the computing device 39, allows the valve to be unlocked, particularly in the event of blockage, to force the valve to open, especially if gravity does not work on the flat piston engine, or in all cases to optimize the filling and emptying of the lamination chamber 4.

[0184] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is noted that the directional post 15 includes a damping shoulder 46, which mates with a damping countersunk hole 47 disposed at the inlet of the guide axial hole 17, the countersunk hole 47 leading to the valve damping chamber 18.

[0185] This particular configuration of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention allows the guide column valve to travel toward the chamber-side valve stop 14 in the first part of its stroke while being braked by the valve damping chamber 18 as little as possible.

[0186] In fact, as long as the damping shoulder 46 does not reach the level of the damping countersunk hole 47, the gas contained in the valve damping chamber 18 can pass through the clearance between the shoulder 46 and the countersunk hole 47 in the direction of the combustion chamber 3, and then through... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The pressure-reducing pipe 48 shown discharges the valve damping chamber very freely.

[0187] When the damping shoulder 46 reaches the level of the damping countersunk hole 47, the gas is strongly laminated by the passage restriction formed therefrom, so that the guide column valve 50 is braked during the second part of its stroke toward the chamber valve stop 14, which correspondingly reduces the power of any impact that may occur between the opening axial face 13 and the chamber valve stop 14.

[0188] Therefore, this specific construction of the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention allows the guide column valve to have a longer service life.

[0189] It should be noted that the exemplary embodiment of the guide column valve 50 according to the present invention just described is non-limiting.

[0190] In fact, the guide column valve 50 according to the invention can be applied not only to internal combustion engines. The valve 50 can be applied, for example, to gas nail guns, firearms, or any device that requires the main load to be launched through a guide load with the best possible efficiency.

[0191] The possibilities of the guide column valve 50 according to the invention are not limited to the applications just described, and it should also be understood that the above description is given by way of example only and in no way limits the field of the invention, and the implementation details described by any other equivalent will not depart from the field of the invention.

Claims

1. A directional valve (50) for a valve ignition pre-combustion chamber (1), the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber being disposed in an internal combustion engine cylinder head (2) covering a combustion chamber (3), the valve ignition pre-combustion chamber (1) comprising a lamination chamber (4), an ignition device (5) and at least one lamination injector (6) extending from the lamination chamber, the lamination chamber (4) being connected to the combustion chamber (3) via a lamination conduit (7), the lamination conduit accommodating the directional valve (50) so as to form a torch ignition pre-combustion chamber (9) together with the directional valve, the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber connecting the lamination chamber (4) to the combustion chamber (3) via at least one gas injection port (16), characterized in that, The directional valve includes: ● Valve body (8), which is housed in the laminated pipe (7) with a small clearance; ● Closed axial surface (10), the closed axial surface is arranged on the valve body (8), and the closed axial surface can be rested entirely or partially on the pipe sealing seat (11) of the laminated pipe (7) so as to close the laminated pipe (7) and isolate the laminated cavity (4) from the combustion chamber (3); ● At least one centering circumferential surface (12) is located at the periphery of the valve body (8) and the centering circumferential surface (12) is capable of contacting the inner wall of the laminated pipe (7) to center the valve body (8) in the laminated pipe (7); ●Open axial surface (13), which is arranged on the valve body (8) opposite to the closed axial surface (10), and when the closed axial surface (10) is not resting on the pipe sealing seat (11), the open axial surface can be supported on the chamber side valve stop (14) arranged in the laminated pipe (7). ● At least one directional post (15) is securely fixed to the valve body (8) and protrudes from the opening axial face (13); ● At least one guide axial hole (17) is arranged in or near the chamber-side valve stop (14), and the guide post (15) is received in the at least one guide axial hole with a small radial clearance, the guide post (15) being able to slide longitudinally in the guide axial hole (17) without ever being completely dislodged. ● and valve damping chamber (18), which is formed by the laminated pipe (7), the open axial surface (13) and the chamber-side valve stop (14), and the volume of the valve damping chamber is maximum when the closed axial surface (10) rests on the pipe sealing seat (11) and minimum when the open axial surface (13) rests on the chamber-side valve stop (14).

2. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide axial hole (17) passes through the laminated pipe (7) to connect the valve damping chamber (18) and the combustion chamber (3), so that gas (19) can circulate between the valve damping chamber (18) and the combustion chamber (3) via the small radial clearance left between the directional column (15) and the guide axial hole (17).

3. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one gas throttle orifice (20) connects the valve damping chamber (18) and the combustion chamber (3) so that gas (19) can flow between the valve damping chamber (18) and the combustion chamber (3) via the gas throttle orifice (20).

4. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centering circumferential surface (12) has a tapered profile (21).

5. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas injection hole (16) is connected to the torch ignition pre-combustion chamber (9) via at least one gas injection slot (22), which is arranged in the laminated pipe (7) and near the pipe closure seat (11).

6. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body (8) and / or the directional column (15) are attracted toward the lamination cavity (4) by a closed magnetic field source (23).

7. The directional valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The closed magnetic field source (23) includes at least one closed permanent magnet (24) that generates a magnetic field; the magnetic field can be canceled or amplified by opposing or matched magnetic fields induced in the core (37) of the guide coil by the magnetic field guide coil (38).

8. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body (8) and / or the directional column (15) are attracted toward the chamber-side valve stop (14) by an open magnetic field source (44).

9. The directional valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The directional column (15) includes a damping shoulder (46) that engages with a damping countersunk hole (47) located at the entrance of the guide axial hole (17) and the damping countersunk hole (47) leads to the valve damping chamber (18).

10. The directional valve according to claim 9, characterized in that, The damping countersunk hole (47) is directly or indirectly connected to the combustion chamber (3) via at least one pressure-reducing pipe (48).

11. The directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laminated pipe (7) includes a directly mounted non-magnetic sleeve (26), and the pipe closure seat (11) is arranged on the non-magnetic sleeve.

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