A method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for high-altitude and low-temperature areas

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude, low-temperature areas, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment. A method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude, low-temperature areas, wherein fillers are installed in an aerobic tank and continuous cultivation is performed, and the cultivation steps include a first cultivation stage, a second cultivation stage, a third cultivation stage, and a fourth cultivation stage. It can acclimate and cultivate sewage treatment activated sludge microorganisms under high-altitude, low-temperature environmental conditions, promote the normal growth and metabolism of microorganisms, enhance microbial activity, and cause simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the aerobic zone, which can effectively improve the sewage treatment effect; at the same time, it can achieve sludge reduction, low energy consumption, low resource consumption cost, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, and facilitate actual production application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas. Background Art

[0002] The activated sludge process is a wastewater treatment process that utilizes microbial communities to remove pollutants. It boasts excellent treatment results, low costs, and stable operation. The activity of microorganisms in activated sludge is easily affected by ambient temperature. Low temperatures inhibit normal microbial growth, slowing microbial growth and reducing sludge activity. This reduces the biological treatment reaction rate, resulting in poor pollutant removal and increased ecological risks. This is particularly true when significant impacts on influent water quality and quantity are present, which can adversely affect treatment outcomes.

[0003] In order to maintain microbial growth and metabolism in low-temperature environments, measures need to be taken to enhance microbial activity. Currently, a large number of researchers have adopted measures such as increasing the inlet water temperature and adding low-temperature bacterial agents to improve microbial activity under low-temperature conditions. Some reports have focused on steam heating, electric heating, or heat source exchange. These methods of heating sewage are energy-intensive, complex to operate and manage, and require the installation of supporting equipment. Another strategy is to add low-temperature bacterial agents. This method requires continuous addition of the agent product during low temperatures, which requires high dosing technology. Moreover, because the agent needs to adapt to the local environment of sewage biochemical treatment, there is a certain hysteresis and periodicity, and it cannot be applied continuously and stably in low-temperature sewage biological treatment processes. There are also reports on improving pollutant removal efficiency at low temperatures by increasing the sludge concentration in the biochemical tank and increasing the aeration volume in the aerobic zone in winter. However, the improvement in microbial activity is limited and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of sewage biochemical treatment in low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms in high-altitude and low-temperature areas, which can acclimate and cultivate sewage treatment activated sludge microorganisms under high-altitude and low-temperature environmental conditions, promote the normal growth and metabolism of microorganisms, enhance microbial activity, and achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the aerobic zone, which can effectively improve the sewage treatment effect; at the same time, it has low energy consumption, low resource consumption cost, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, and is convenient for actual production application.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for acclimating and cultivating microorganisms for sewage treatment in high-altitude and low-temperature areas, which comprises installing fillers in an aerobic tank and continuously cultivating the microorganisms, including the following steps:

[0007] The first stage of cultivation: Continuously add nutrients to the inlet of the anaerobic tank to supplement the nutrient elements of the inlet water; control the external reflow ratio to 120% to 150%, adjust the aerator operation and shutdown time, and control the internal reflow ratio to 150% to 200%;

[0008] Second stage of cultivation: reduce the amount of nutrient addition, control the external reflux ratio to 80% to 100%; adjust the aerator operation time and shutdown time, and control the internal reflux ratio to 200% to 250%;

[0009] The third stage of cultivation: reduce the amount of nutrient addition, control the external reflux ratio to 80% to 100%; adjust the aerator operation time and shutdown time, and control the internal reflux ratio to 250% to 280%;

[0010] The fourth stage of cultivation: completely stop adding nutrients and adjust the aerator's operating time and rest time.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0012] This embodiment of the present application provides a method for acclimating and cultivating microorganisms for wastewater treatment in high-altitude, low-temperature areas. This method is based on a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment system. First, packing is installed in the aerobic tank of the wastewater treatment system to improve oxygen conversion efficiency and utilization, enabling sufficient mixed osmotic contact and exchange of water, air, and biofilm, thereby improving wastewater treatment efficiency. After the packing is installed, the microbial acclimation culture is carried out, which specifically includes four cultivation stages.

[0013] First, the first stage of cultivation lasts for approximately 15 days at a temperature of -15 to 3°C. Nutrients are added daily to the inlet of the anaerobic tank. These nutrients include a carbon source and a nitrogen source, with glucose solution being the preferred carbon source and urea solution being the preferred nitrogen source. During the first stage of cultivation, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the added nutrients is 20:1. Nutrients are added to supplement the influent nutrients to ensure the growth needs of the microorganisms. The operating frequency of the external recirculation pump is then adjusted to maintain the external recirculation ratio at 120% to 150%. During this stage, the OPR value is tested and gradually decreases from +240mv to +10mv, and the dissolved oxygen value in the anaerobic tank decreases from 0.6mg / L to 0.3mg / L. The aerator is operated in a manner that it maintains operation for a period of time, then stops for a period of time, and then restarts, repeating this cycle. The aerator operation and shutdown time are adjusted, and the operation time of the surface aerator is gradually reduced from 55 minutes to 40 minutes, and the shutdown time is gradually increased from 5 minutes to 20 minutes, so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is controlled in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 mg / L, providing a suitable oxygen environment for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and avoiding excessive aeration that causes the disintegration of activated sludge. The internal recirculation ratio is further controlled to 150% to 200%, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the anoxic zone is 0.3 to 0.5 mg / L, providing a suitable anoxic environment for nitrification and denitrification. At this stage, the sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) gradually increased from 10% to 15%. Microbial microscopy revealed a significant increase in the number of newly formed bacterial flocs and free-living infusoria, with the appearance of wandering worms, kidney-shaped worms, and shield-shaped ciliates, with their numbers increasing daily. After the first stage of incubation, the effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 10 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 16 mg / L, the COD concentration was less than or equal to 40 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.6 mg / L. The effluent water quality remained stable and exceeded the Level B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).

[0014] The second cultivation phase then proceeded, lasting approximately 15 days at temperatures between -13°C and 5°C. During this phase, the amount of nutrient addition began to be reduced. Specifically, the carbon source addition was gradually reduced from 38 parts by weight per day to 25 parts by weight per day, and the nitrogen source addition was gradually reduced from 4 parts by weight per day to 0 parts by weight per day. At the same time, the operating frequency of the external reflux pump was adjusted to control the external reflux ratio to 80% to 100%. During this phase, the ORP value was observed to gradually decrease from +10mv to -190mv, and the dissolved oxygen value in the anaerobic tank decreased from 0.3mg / L to 0.18mg / L. The aerator operating time was adjusted to gradually decrease from 40min to 30min, and the rest time was gradually increased from 20min to 30min. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone was controlled within a range of 1.3 to 2.0mg / L, further maintaining an oxygen environment suitable for microbial growth and metabolism. Adjust the internal reflux ratio from 150% to 200% in the first stage to 200% to 250%, so that the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is controlled at 0.3 to 0.5 mg / L, providing an anoxic environment for nitrification and denitrification. 30 ) gradually increased from 15% to 18%, the color of the activated sludge gradually changed from white-yellow to light yellow-brown, the granularity of the activated sludge gradually became obvious, and the interstitial water of the activated sludge particles was obvious. The results of microbial microscopy showed that the number of newly formed bacterial flocs continued to increase, the structure of the bacterial flocs gradually became compact, the number of free infusoria increased significantly, the number of wandering worms and shield fibrils decreased, and bell worms and branch worms appeared, and their number increased day by day. After the second stage of cultivation, the effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 33 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 6 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was not higher than 10 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was not higher than 0.4 mg / L. The effluent water quality continued to stably meet the Class A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).

[0015] The third stage of cultivation lasts for about 15 days, with the temperature at -14 to 7°C. Further reduce the amount of nutrients added to the anaerobic tank inlet, specifically gradually reduce the amount of carbon source added from 25 parts by weight / day to 0 parts by weight / day. Control the external reflux ratio to 80% to 100%; during this stage, it can be detected that the ORP value in the middle of the anaerobic zone fluctuates within the range of -350mv to -200mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank fluctuates within the range of 0.1 to 0.15mg / L. Adjust the aerator operation time to gradually reduce from 30min to 20min, and gradually increase the rest time from 30min to 40min, so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is controlled at 1.5 to 2.0mg / L, maintaining the oxygen environment required for microbial growth and metabolism. Further control the internal recirculation ratio from 200% to 250% in the second stage to 250% to 280%, so that the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is continuously controlled at 0.3 to 0.5 mg / L, providing a suitable anoxic environment for nitrification and denitrification. 30) gradually increased from 18% to 22%, the color of the activated sludge was yellow-brown, the particles were larger than those in the second stage, and the interstitial water was clear; the results of microbial microscopy showed that the number of newly formed bacterial flocs continued to increase, the bacterial flocs were compacted, the number of free infusoria slowly decreased, the number of wandering worms and shield fibrils continued to decrease, the number of bell worms and branch worms increased relatively, and the number increased day by day. Sludge began to adhere to the surface of the filler, and it was extracted for microscopic testing. The types of microorganisms were basically the same as those in the mixed liquid, and the number of microorganisms was greater than that in the mixed liquid. After the third stage of cultivation, the effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 22 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 3.5 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 7 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.3 mg / L. The effluent water quality continued to stably meet the Class A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), which is better than the design emission standard.

[0016] The fourth stage of cultivation lasts for about 10 days, with the temperature at -13 to 6°C. No nutrients are added during this stage; the aerator operation time is gradually reduced from 20 minutes to 15 minutes, and the rest time is gradually increased from 40 minutes to 45 minutes. The dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is controlled in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 mg / L to maintain an oxygen environment suitable for microbial growth and metabolism. The sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) gradually increased from 22% to 25%. The activated sludge was yellow-brown in color, with distinct interstices and clear interstitial water. Microbial microscopic examination revealed a continuous increase in the number of newly formed floccules, which were compacted. The number of free-living infusoria decreased, while the number of wandering worms and scleractinians decreased, and the number of bell worms and branched worms increased. Unicornis and pig-snout rotifers appeared. A large amount of sludge adhered to the surface of the packing. Microscopic testing revealed that the microbial species were essentially the same as those in the mixed solution, but the number of microorganisms was greater than that in the mixed solution. The surface of the sludge adhered to the packing appeared, and the number of dominant organisms, chironomid larvae, gradually increased. The chironomid larvae compacted the attached sludge onto the surface of the packing fibers, making it difficult to dislodge. The aerobic zone had multiple anoxic-aerobic environments. The aerobic zone had significant total nitrogen removal, with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The anaerobic zone had significant phosphorus release, providing excellent conditions for phosphate-accumulating bacteria in the aerobic zone. The packing unit, moving outward from the center rope, contained multiple anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (AAO) microenvironments, ensuring efficient pollutant removal. After the fourth stage of cultivation, the effluent COD concentration is no higher than 15 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is no higher than 1.8 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is no higher than 6 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is no higher than 0.28 mg / L. The effluent water quality continues to stably meet the Level A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), which is better than the design emission standard.

[0017] By installing fillers in the sewage treatment aerobic tank and conducting a four-stage microbial acclimation and cultivation process, the activity of sewage treatment microorganisms can be effectively increased under high-altitude, low-temperature conditions, promoting and maintaining normal microbial growth and metabolism. Once the low-temperature-resistant microorganisms are successfully acclimated and biofilms are formed, only production operations, management, and maintenance need to be carried out in accordance with the biochemical tank's operating requirements, without the need for special dosing of bacterial agents. Production operations, management, and maintenance costs are significantly reduced compared to pre-cultivation levels, and residual sludge emissions are also significantly reduced. With enhanced resistance to load shocks, daily production operations management requires only inspections and timely adjustments to internal and external recirculation and aeration data, with no other operations required. This saves manpower, material resources, and the cost of sludge transportation and disposal. Without the need for other special equipment, the system offers low operating costs and simple and convenient maintenance, making it ideal for practical applications.

[0018] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the nutrient includes a carbon source and a nitrogen source.

[0019] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, in the first cultivation stage, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the nutrient agent is 20:1; in the second cultivation stage, the carbon source addition amount in the nutrient agent is reduced from 38 parts by weight / day to 25 parts by weight / day, and the nitrogen source addition amount is reduced from 4 parts by weight / day to 0 parts by weight / day; in the third cultivation stage, the carbon source addition amount in the nutrient agent is reduced from 25 parts by weight / day to 0 parts by weight / day, and the nitrogen source addition is stopped.

[0020] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, in the first stage of cultivation, the operating time of the aerator is reduced from 55 min to 40 min, and the rest time is increased from 5 min to 20 min; in the second stage of cultivation, the operating time of the aerator is reduced from 40 min to 30 min, and the rest time is increased from 20 min to 30 min; in the third stage of cultivation, the operating time of the aerator is reduced from 30 min to 20 min, and the rest time is increased from 30 min to 40 min; in the fourth stage of cultivation, the operating time of the aerator is reduced from 20 min to 15 min, and the rest time is increased from 40 min to 45 min.

[0021] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, in the first stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0 mg / L; in the second stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.3-2.0 mg / L; in the third stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0 mg / L; in the fourth stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0 mg / L.

[0022] In the above embodiment, the aerator operates in a repeated cycle of run-stop-run. By controlling the running time and the stop time of the aerator, the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the aerobic zone is further controlled, thereby providing a suitable oxygen environment for the growth and metabolism of sewage treatment microorganisms and avoiding the disintegration of activated sludge due to excessive aeration.

[0023] Influenced by the aeration method and packing segmentation, an AOAO (aerobic → anoxic → aerobic → anoxic) environment forms along the aerobic zone. Each individual packing strand, from the inner (center rope) to the outer, forms an AAO (anaerobic → anoxic → aerobic) microenvironment. This results in the denitrifying bacteria in the aerobic zone remaining highly active, utilizing the nitrate produced by the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen in the aerobic zone for denitrification, leading to simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the aerobic zone. Due to the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the aerobic zone, the total nitrogen removal rate in the biochemical system is high, and the nitrate concentration in the return sludge is low. This reduces the risk of competition between phosphate-accumulating bacteria and denitrifying bacteria for organic matter in the anaerobic zone, ensures good phosphorus release in the anaerobic zone, and also has a positive effect on biological phosphorus removal. The amount of external carbon source and phosphorus removal agent used is significantly reduced compared to before cultivation and acclimation.

[0024] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, in the first cultivation stage, the sludge sedimentation ratio is increased from 10% to 15%; in the second cultivation stage, the sludge sedimentation ratio is increased from 15% to 18%; in the third cultivation stage, the sludge sedimentation ratio is increased from 18% to 22%; in the fourth cultivation stage, the sludge sedimentation ratio is increased from 22% to 25%.

[0025] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, after the fourth stage of cultivation, the effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 15 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 1.8 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 6 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.28 mg / L.

[0026] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the first culture stage lasts for 15 days, the second culture stage lasts for 15 days, the third culture stage lasts for 15 days, and the fourth culture stage lasts for 10 days, for a total of 55 days of culture.

[0027] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the packing installation area is greater than half of the area occupied by the aerobic pool, and the depth of the packing layer is below 20 cm from the water surface and above 50 cm from the pool bottom.

[0028] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the filler is an elastic filamentous filler with a microwave texture on the surface, the filament diameter is ≥0.35 mm, and the diameter of each filler unit is 150 mm.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the selected biological filler is an elastic filamentous filler with a microwave texture on the surface. The filler filaments are evenly arranged in a three-dimensional radial state, effectively cutting bubbles to improve the oxygen transfer rate and utilization rate, and can be spread three-dimensionally and evenly in all directions within the effective area, so that the air, water, and biofilm can be fully mixed, contacted and exchanged. The biofilm can not only be evenly implanted on each filament, maintain good activity and void variability, and is not easy to be blocked, but also obtain an increasingly larger specific surface area during operation, so that the organic pollutants in the sewage can be efficiently treated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a microscopic examination diagram of microorganisms in the first stage of cultivation in the examples of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a microscopic examination diagram of microorganisms in the second stage of cultivation in the embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a microscopic examination diagram of microorganisms in the third stage of cultivation in the examples of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a microscopic examination diagram of microorganisms in the fourth stage of cultivation in the examples of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a filler attachment diagram in the embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a statistical chart of pollutant removal rates in various regions in the embodiments of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0038] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the examples of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the examples of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] See also Figure 1-5 The embodiment of the present application provides a method for acclimating and cultivating microorganisms for sewage treatment in high-altitude and low-temperature areas. First, filler is installed in the aerobic tank. The filler installation area is larger than half of the area occupied by the aerobic tank. The depth of the filler layer is 20 cm below the water surface and 50 cm above the pool bottom. The filler unit is hung on a metal frame of fixed size, and the metal frame is vertically installed in the aerobic tank. The selected filler is an elastic filamentous filler with a microwave texture on the surface. The filament diameter is ≥0.35 mm, and the diameter of each filler unit is 150 mm.

[0042] After the filler is installed, the culture is carried out, which includes the following steps:

[0043] The first stage of training:

[0044] Days 1 to 5: Temperature -15 to 3°C:

[0045] Every day, glucose solution and urea solution are added to the inlet of the anaerobic tank according to the carbon-nitrogen ratio of 20:1 to supplement the nutrient elements of the inlet water. The operating frequency of the external reflux pump is adjusted, and the external reflux ratio is adjusted to 150%. The detection shows that the ORP value in the middle section of the anaerobic zone is reduced to +240mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank is reduced to 0.6mg / L. The operation and shutdown time of the surface aerator is adjusted, specifically the operation time is 55min, the shutdown time is 5min, and the dissolved oxygen control range of the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5~2.0mg / L. The internal reflux ratio is adjusted to 150%, and the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is reduced to 0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 The effluent ammonia nitrogen pollutant concentration is less than or equal to 15 mg / L; the effluent total nitrogen pollutant removal rate gradually increases, with the concentration less than or equal to 19 mg / L; the effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 45 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.7 mg / L.

[0046] Days 6 to 10: Temperature -15 to 3°C:

[0047] Continue to add glucose solution and urea solution every day in the same proportion. Adjust the operating frequency of the external reflux pump and the external reflux ratio to 135%. The ORP value in the middle of the anaerobic zone is detected to be reduced to +100mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank is reduced to 0.42mg / L. The operating time of the surface aerator is adjusted to 45min, and the rest time is adjusted to 15min. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen control range at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal reflux ratio to 180%, and the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is reduced to 0.4mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen pollutants in the effluent gradually increased, with the concentration being less than or equal to 12 mg / L; the removal rate of total nitrogen pollutants in the effluent gradually increased, with the concentration being less than or equal to 17 mg / L; the effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 40 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.65 mg / L.

[0048] Days 11-15, temperature -15-3°C:

[0049] Continue to add glucose solution and urea solution in proportion. Adjust the operating frequency of the external reflux pump and the external reflux ratio to 120%. The ORP value obtained by detection is +10mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank is reduced to 0.3mg / L. The operating time of the surface aerator is adjusted to 40min, and the rest time is adjusted to 20min. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen control range of the aerobic zone end is 1.5~2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal reflux ratio to 200%, and the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is reduced to 0.3mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 15%. Microbiological examination results showed that the number of new bacterial micelles increased significantly, the number of free trichomonas increased significantly, and the number of wandering worms, kidney-shaped worms, and shield-like worms increased day by day (such as Figure 1 The removal rate of effluent ammonia nitrogen pollutants gradually increased, with the concentration less than or equal to 10 mg / L; the removal rate of effluent total nitrogen pollutants gradually increased, with the concentration less than or equal to 16 mg / L; the effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 40 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.6 mg / L. The effluent water quality remained stable and exceeded the Class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).

[0050] The second stage of training:

[0051] Days 16 to 20: Temperature -13 to 5°C

[0052] Adjust the dosage of glucose solution and urea solution at the inlet of the anaerobic tank, the dosage of glucose solution is 38kg / d, and the dosage of urea solution is 4kg / d. Adjust the operating frequency of the external reflux pump, adjust the external reflux to 100%, the ORP value of the middle section of the anaerobic zone is +10mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank drops to 0.3mg / L. Adjust the operating time of the surface aerator to 40min and the rest time to 20min. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen control range of the end of the aerobic zone is 1.3~2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal reflux ratio to 200%. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen control range of the anoxic zone is 0.3~0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 15%. The color of the activated sludge gradually changed from white-yellow to light yellow-brown, the particle size of the activated sludge gradually became clearer, and the interstitial water between the activated sludge particles was evident. The effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 38 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 9 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 15 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.6 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently met the Class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).

[0053] Days 21-25: Temperature -13-5°C:

[0054] Adjust the dosage of glucose solution and urea solution at the inlet of the anaerobic tank, the dosage of glucose solution is 32kg / d, and the dosage of urea solution is 2kg / d. Adjust the operating frequency of the external reflux pump, adjust the external reflux ratio to 90%, the ORP value in the middle section of the anaerobic zone drops to -100mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank drops to 0.24mg / L. Adjust the operating time of the surface aerator to 35min and the rest time to 25min. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen control range of the end of the aerobic zone is 1.3~2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal reflux ratio to 225%. After adjustment, the dissolved oxygen control range of the anoxic zone is 0.3~0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 16%. The activated sludge color was light yellow-brown, the particle size of the activated sludge gradually became clearer, and the interstitial water between the activated sludge particles was evident. The effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 35 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 8 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 14 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.5 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently met the Class A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), exceeding the design discharge standard.

[0055] Days 26 to 30: Temperature -13 to 5°C

[0056] Adjust the dosage of glucose solution and urea solution at the inlet of the anaerobic tank, the dosage of glucose solution is 25kg / d, and the addition of urea solution is stopped. Adjust the operating frequency of the external reflux pump, adjust the external reflux ratio to 80%, and the ORP value is detected to drop to -190mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank drops to 0.18mg / L. Adjust the operating time of the surface aerator to 30min, the rest time to 30min, and the control range of dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.3~2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal reflux ratio to 250%, and the control range of dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is 0.3~0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 18%. The color of the activated sludge gradually changed from white-yellow to light yellow-brown, the particle size of the activated sludge gradually became obvious, and the interstitial water of the activated sludge particles was obvious. Microbiological microscopic examination results showed that the number of new bacterial flocs continued to increase, the structure of the bacterial flocs gradually became compact, the number of free infusoria increased significantly, the number of wandering worms and shield fibrils decreased, and bell worms and branch worms appeared, and their number increased day by day (such as Figure 2 The effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 33 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 6 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 10 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.4 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently and stably meets the Class A standard of the Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants (GB18918-2002), which is better than the design emission standard.

[0057] The third stage of training:

[0058] Days 31-35: Temperature -14-7°C:

[0059] Adjust the dosage of glucose solution at the inlet of the anaerobic tank to 25kg / d, and do not add urea. The external recirculation ratio is continuously adjusted to 100%, the ORP value in the middle of the anaerobic zone is reduced to -200mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank is reduced to 0.15mg / L. Adjust the operating time of the surface aerator to 30min and the rest time to 30min, and control the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone at 1.5-2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal recirculation ratio to 250%, and continuously control the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone at 0.3-0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) increased to 19%, the activated sludge color was yellow-brown, the particles were relatively large, and the interstitial water was clear. The effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 32 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 5.8 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 9 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.4 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently met the Class A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), exceeding the design discharge standard.

[0060] Days 36-40: Temperature -14-7°C

[0061] Adjust the dosage of glucose solution at the inlet of the anaerobic tank to 13kg / d, and do not add urea. Adjust the external recirculation ratio to 90%, and the detection shows that the ORP value in the middle of the anaerobic zone has dropped to -275mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank has dropped to 0.13mg / L. Adjust the operating time of the surface aerator to 25min and the rest time to 35min, and control the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone to 1.5-2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal recirculation ratio to 265%, and control the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone to 0.3-0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) increased to 21%. The activated sludge was yellow-brown, the particles were relatively large, and the interstitial water was clear. The effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 25 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 4 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 7 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.3 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently met the Class A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), exceeding the design discharge standard.

[0062] On the 41st to 45th day, the temperature was -14 to 7℃.

[0063] Stop adding nutrients to the anaerobic tank inlet. Adjust the external recirculation ratio to 80%. The ORP value in the middle of the anaerobic zone is detected to be reduced to -350mv, and the dissolved oxygen in the anaerobic tank is reduced to 0.1mg / L. Adjust the surface aerator operation time to 20min and the rest time to 40min. The dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is controlled at 1.5-2.0mg / L. Adjust the internal recirculation ratio to 280%, and the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic zone is continuously controlled at 0.3-0.5mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 22%. The activated sludge was yellow-brown in color, the particles were larger than in the second stage, and the interstitial water was clear. Microbiological examination results showed that the number of new bacterial flocs continued to increase, the bacterial flocs were compacted, the number of free infusoria slowly decreased, the number of wandering worms and shield fibrils continued to decrease, and the number of bell worms and branch worms increased relatively, and the number increased day by day (such as Figure 3 Sludge adhered to the surface of the filler, which was extracted for microscopic examination. The microbial species were essentially the same as those in the mixed solution, but the number of microorganisms was greater. The effluent COD concentration was less than or equal to 22 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 3.5 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration was less than or equal to 7 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration was less than or equal to 0.3 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently and stably met Level A of the Pollutant Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (GB18918-2002), exceeding the design emission standard.

[0064] The fourth stage of training:

[0065] Days 46-49, temperature -13-6°C:

[0066] No feed is added. Adjust the surface aerator operation time to 20 minutes, the rest time to 40 minutes, and control the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone at 1.5-2.0 mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 23%. The activated sludge is yellow-brown in color, the particles are relatively enlarged, the gaps are obvious, and the interstitial water is clear. Dominant biological chironomid larvae appear on the surface of the sludge attached to the filler, and their number gradually increases. The chironomid larvae compact the attached sludge on the surface of the filler wire, making it difficult to wash off. The dissolved oxygen in the aerobic zone was tested in multiple sections, and the results showed that there were multiple sections of anoxic-aerobic environments in the aerobic zone. The pollutant removal effect and reaction along the way were tracked and tested, and the results showed that the total nitrogen removal effect in the aerobic zone was obvious, with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, and the anaerobic zone had an obvious phosphorus release effect, providing good polyphosphate conditions for polyphosphate bacteria in the aerobic zone. Through the analysis of the oxygen environment in the filler zone, it was found that there were multiple anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (i.e. AAO) microenvironments in the filler unit from the center rope outward, which effectively guaranteed the pollutant removal effect. The effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 20 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 3.0 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 6.5 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.3 mg / L. The effluent water quality continuously and stably meets the Level A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002). In 20% of the time, the effluent water quality meets the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for the Minjiang and Tuojiang River Basins of Sichuan Province" (DB51 / 2311-2016), which is better than the design emission standard.

[0067] Days 50-52, temperature -13-6°C:

[0068] No feed is added. Adjust the surface aerator operation time to 17 minutes, the rest time to 43 minutes, and control the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone at 1.5-2.0 mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30) rose to 24%. The activated sludge is yellow-brown in color, the particles are relatively enlarged, the gaps are obvious, and the interstitial water is clear. Dominant biological chironomid larvae appear on the surface of the sludge attached to the filler, and their number gradually increases. The chironomid larvae compact the attached sludge on the surface of the filler wire, making it difficult to wash off. The dissolved oxygen in the aerobic zone was tested in multiple sections, and the results showed that there were multiple sections of anoxic-aerobic environments in the aerobic zone. The pollutant removal effect and reaction along the way were tracked and tested, and the results showed that the total nitrogen removal effect in the aerobic zone was obvious, with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, and the anaerobic zone had an obvious phosphorus release effect, providing good polyphosphate conditions for polyphosphate bacteria in the aerobic zone. Through the analysis of the oxygen environment in the filler zone, it was found that there were multiple anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (i.e. AAO) microenvironments in the filler unit from the center rope outward, which effectively guaranteed the pollutant removal effect. The effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 18 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 2.5 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 6.5 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.3 mg / L. The effluent water quality continuously and stably meets the Level A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002). In 45% of the time, the effluent water quality meets the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for the Minjiang and Tuojiang River Basins of Sichuan Province" (DB51 / 2311-2016), which is better than the design emission standard.

[0069] Days 53-55, temperature -13-6°C:

[0070] No feed is added. Adjust the surface aerator operation time to 15 minutes, the rest time to 45 minutes, and control the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone at 1.5-2.0 mg / L. Sludge settling ratio (SV 30 ) rose to 25%, the color of the activated sludge was yellow-brown, the particles were relatively larger, the gaps were obvious, and the interstitial water was clear. Microbiological examination results showed that the number of new bacterial flocs continued to increase, the bacterial flocs were compacted, the number of free infusoria decreased, the number of wandering worms and shield fibrils decreased, the number of bell worms and branch worms increased, and the number of single-shrunken worms and pig-snout rotifers appeared (such as Figure 4 A large amount of sludge adhered to the surface of the experimental filler. The sample was extracted for microscopic examination and the types of microorganisms were basically the same as those in the mixed solution, but the number of microorganisms was greater than that in the mixed solution. The surface of the sludge attached to the filler showed dominant organisms, Chironomidae larvae, and their number gradually increased. The Chironomidae larvae compacted the attached sludge on the surface of the filler wire, making it difficult to wash off (e.g. Figure 5(As shown). Dissolved oxygen in the aerobic zone was tested in multiple sections, revealing multiple anoxic-aerobic environments. Tracking tests of pollutant removal and reactions along the route revealed significant total nitrogen removal in the aerobic zone, with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Phosphorus release in the anaerobic zone was also evident, providing favorable conditions for phosphorus accumulation by phosphate-accumulating bacteria. Analysis of the packing zone's oxygen environment revealed multiple anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (AAO) microenvironments within the packing unit, extending outward from the center rope, effectively ensuring pollutant removal. The effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 15 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 1.8 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 6 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.28 mg / L. The effluent water quality continuously and stably meets the Level A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002). 90% of the time, the effluent water quality meets the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for the Minjiang and Tuojiang River Basins of Sichuan Province" (DB51 / 2311-2016), which is better than the design emission standard.

[0071] Water samples were taken along the process to determine the concentrations of COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the material conservation method was used to calculate the pollutant removal ratios in the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones. The results showed that COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the project sewage treatment plant were mainly removed in the aerobic zone, with a removal ratio close to 100%. Total nitrogen was mainly removed in the anoxic and aerobic zones, with a removal ratio in the aerobic zone exceeding 70% (e.g. Figure 6 Unlike other sewage treatment plants where denitrification occurs in the anoxic zone to remove total nitrogen, the intermittent aeration and filler in the aerobic zone of the project sewage treatment plant provide an anoxic microenvironment that strengthens the biological denitrification effect and ensures a high standard of total nitrogen removal.

[0072] The aerator's operating time is shorter than before cultivation and acclimation, the downtime is longer than before cultivation and acclimation, and the power consumption is reduced compared with before cultivation and acclimation, which meets the energy conservation, consumption reduction and low-carbon emission requirements of sewage treatment plants.

[0073] After the successful acclimation and biofilm formation of low-temperature resistant microorganisms, the electricity consumption during continuous operation in the cold season is reduced compared with before acclimation. The annual electricity consumption in the factory (including the impact of the existing upgrading and transformation construction) is reduced by more than 20% compared with before acclimation.

[0074] After the successful acclimation and biofilm formation of low-temperature resistant microorganisms, the carbon source usage was reduced by 70% and the phosphorus removal agent usage was reduced by 60% compared with before acclimation due to the enhanced pollutant removal effect and load shock resistance of the biochemical system activity.

[0075] The results of low-temperature-resistant microorganisms showed that the larvae of Chironomids had a positive effect on sludge settling and the autonomous renewal of sludge age. When the sludge concentration in the biochemical zone reached a higher value (for example, MLSS was in the range of 7000-9000 mg / L) and the sludge discharge was small in winter (from October of the current year to April of the following year), the SVI value remained at a lower value (continuously between 80-110 mL / g).

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] Under the condition of temperature 13~29 ℃, a certain sewage treatment plant was carried out sewage treatment microorganism acclimation and cultivation according to the scheme of embodiment 1. The highest daily average concentration of COD in the treatment plant's influent reached 1532mg / L (410% exceeding the design influent standard), and the highest daily average concentration of ammonia nitrogen reached 93mg / L (166% exceeding the design influent standard). After four stages of acclimation and cultivation transformation, the effluent COD was not higher than 20mg / L, ammonia nitrogen was not higher than 1.0mg / L, total nitrogen was not higher than 8mg / L, and total phosphorus was not higher than 0.29mg / L. The effluent water quality was continuously and stably better than the Class A standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002) for urban sewage discharge.

[0078] Comparative Example 2

[0079] In a sewage treatment plant, when the air temperature was -17 to 5 degrees Celsius, the secondary sedimentation tank was frozen (17 cm thick), and the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic zone was as low as 0.5 mg / L, the submersible agitator was adjusted to operate continuously for 24 hours to prevent freezing, and sewage treatment microorganisms were acclimated and cultured according to the scheme in Example 1. After four stages of acclimation and culture, the effluent COD was no more than 30 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen was no more than 6.9 mg / L, the total nitrogen was no more than 14 mg / L, and the total phosphorus was no more than 0.5 mg / L. The effluent water quality continuously and stably met the Class A standard of the Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB18918-2002) for urban sewage discharge.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] When the influent volume of a sewage treatment plant exceeded its designed daily treatment capacity by 36.15%, and the influent COD, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations all exceeded the design standards, the plant carried out sewage treatment microbial acclimation and cultivation according to the scheme in Example 1. After four stages of acclimation and cultivation, the effluent COD was no higher than 30 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen was no higher than 4 mg / L, the total nitrogen was no higher than 10 mg / L, and the total phosphorus was no higher than 0.3 mg / L. The effluent water quality consistently and stably met the Class A standard for urban sewage discharge in the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).

[0082] Through comparison, it can be seen that this application scheme is applicable under various temperature conditions, and can still effectively complete purification treatment under harsh conditions such as high pollution concentration and high water inlet volume. It has strong load impact resistance and good sewage treatment effect.

[0083] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas. By installing fillers in a sewage treatment aerobic tank and conducting four stages of microbial acclimation and cultivation, the activity of sewage treatment microorganisms can be effectively improved under high-altitude and low-temperature conditions, and the normal growth and metabolism of microorganisms can be promoted and maintained, thereby achieving sludge reduction. Without the need for other special equipment or the addition of other biological agents, the process has low cost, is simple and convenient to maintain, and is conducive to practical application.

[0084] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms in high-altitude and low-temperature areas, characterized in that: A filler is installed in an aerobic pool and continuously cultured. The filler is an elastic filamentous filler with a microwave texture on the surface. The filaments of the filler are evenly arranged in a three-dimensional radiation state, including the following steps: In the first stage of cultivation, nutrients including carbon and nitrogen sources were added to the inlet of the anaerobic tank to supplement the nutrient elements of the inlet water. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the nutrients was 20:

1. The external recirculation ratio was controlled to 120-150%. The operation and shutdown time of the aerator were adjusted. The operation time of the aerator was reduced from 55 minutes to 40 minutes, and the shutdown time was gradually increased from 5 minutes to 20 minutes. The internal recirculation ratio was controlled to 150-200%. Second stage of cultivation: Reduce the amount of nutrient addition, reduce the carbon source addition in the nutrient from 38 weight parts / day to 25 weight parts / day, reduce the nitrogen source addition from 4 weight parts / day to 0 weight parts / day, control the external reflux ratio to 80-100%; adjust the aerator operation time and shutdown time, reduce the aerator operation time from 40 minutes to 30 minutes, increase the shutdown time from 20 minutes to 30 minutes, and control the internal reflux ratio to 200-250%; The third stage of cultivation: reduce the amount of nutrient addition, reduce the amount of carbon source in the nutrient from 25 parts by weight / day to 0 parts by weight / day, stop adding nitrogen source, control the external reflux ratio to 80-100%; adjust the aerator operation time and shutdown time, reduce the aerator operation time from 30 minutes to 20 minutes, increase the shutdown time from 30 minutes to 40 minutes, and control the internal reflux ratio to 250-280%; The fourth stage of cultivation: completely stop adding nutrients, adjust the aerator operation time and rest time, reduce the aerator operation time from 20min to 15min, and increase the rest time from 40min to 45min.

2. The method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0 mg / L; in the second stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.3-2.0 mg / L; in the third stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0 mg / L; in the fourth stage of cultivation, the operating time and the off time of the aerator are adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic zone is 1.5-2.0 mg / L.

3. The method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first cultivation stage, the sludge settling ratio increased from 10% to 15%; in the second cultivation stage, the sludge settling ratio increased from 15% to 18%; in the third cultivation stage, the sludge settling ratio increased from 18% to 22%; and in the fourth cultivation stage, the sludge settling ratio increased from 22% to 25%.

4. The method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the fourth stage of cultivation, the effluent COD concentration is less than or equal to 15 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 1.8 mg / L, the total nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 6 mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is less than or equal to 0.28 mg / L.

5. The method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first culture stage lasts for 15 days, the second culture stage lasts for 15 days, the third culture stage lasts for 15 days, and the fourth culture stage lasts for 10 days, for a total of 55 days of culture.

6. The method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing installation area is larger than half of the area occupied by the aerobic pool, and the depth of the packing layer is below 20 cm from the water surface and above 50 cm from the pool bottom.

7. The method for acclimating and cultivating sewage treatment microorganisms for use in high-altitude and low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler filament diameter is ≥0.35 mm, and the diameter of each filler unit is 150 mm.

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