Support structure and method of breaking a roof

Abstract

The application provides a support structure and a roof breaking method, wherein the support structure is used for supporting the soil layer of the shaft mouth, and the support structure comprises a plurality of arc-shaped arches and a plurality of connecting ribbons; the opposite ends of the connecting ribbons are connected to the adjacent two arc-shaped arches respectively, and the arc-shaped arches and the connecting ribbons are distributed longitudinally and transversely; the arc-shaped arch comprises a plurality of arc-shaped segments, the plurality of arc-shaped segments are sequentially connected in a head-to-tail mode through connecting pieces to form an arch structure, and the connecting pieces are provided with explosives. The support structure and the roof breaking method provided by the application can support the soil layer of the shaft mouth in the early stage, guarantee that the surface of the shaft mouth has the basic passing conditions for personnel and small equipment, guarantee the safety of the operation in the shaft, and quickly remove the support structure and the soil layer when needed, so that the operation is simple, efficient, time-saving and labor-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a support structure and a method for breaking through the roof. Background Technology

[0002] A pass is a tunnel through which ore is slid down using its own weight. It is one of the auxiliary tunnels used in underground metal mines and is commonly used in both adit and pass development.

[0003] In related technologies, well passes can be constructed using deep-hole layered blasting technology. This involves drilling all parallel boreholes within the designed cross-section of the well pass, then blasting the well layer by layer from bottom to top to achieve the design requirements. In this deep-hole layered blasting process, the blasting technique for the final layer—breaking the top layer of the well pass—is a crucial step in deep-hole well construction.

[0004] However, the construction of the aforementioned ore pass resulted in poor support from the soil covering at the wellhead, leading to reduced safety during ore pass production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a support structure and a method for breaking through the roof to solve the problems of poor support effect of the overburden layer at the wellhead and low safety of well production.

[0006] On the one hand, this application provides a support structure for supporting the soil layer at the opening of a chute, the support structure including multiple arc-shaped arches and multiple connecting ribs;

[0007] Multiple arc-shaped arch frames are spaced apart, and the two ends of the connecting ribs are respectively connected to two adjacent arc-shaped arch frames. The arc-shaped arch frames and connecting ribs are distributed in a crisscross pattern. The arc-shaped arch frame includes multiple arc-shaped segments, which are connected end to end in sequence by connectors to form an arch structure. The connectors are equipped with explosives.

[0008] The support structure provided in this application is positioned below the overburden layer to ensure its stability and prevent deformation and collapse due to external forces or prolonged placement. The support structure is segmented for ease of manufacture, transportation, installation, and dismantling. Furthermore, the use of explosives at the joints significantly improves the convenience of dismantling the support structure. Thus, this application can both support the overburden layer at the wellhead in the early stages, ensuring basic access for personnel and small equipment at the wellhead and guaranteeing operational safety within the well, and quickly remove the support structure and overburden layer when necessary. The operation is simple, efficient, and saves time and labor during construction.

[0009] Specifically, the support structure includes multiple arched frames and multiple connecting ribs. The two ends of each connecting rib are connected to two adjacent arched frames. The arched frames and connecting ribs are distributed in a crisscross pattern, directly providing support to the corresponding soil layers. After the soil layer is excavated, it is first supported by shotcrete and anchor mesh, and then the arched frames and connecting ribs are installed to prevent deformation and collapse due to external forces or prolonged placement, thus ensuring the stability of the soil layer structure. The arched frames consist of multiple arched segments, which are connected end-to-end by connectors to form an arch structure that fits the soil layer. When under stress, the arch structure can transfer pressure downwards and outwards to adjacent parts, ensuring balanced stress distribution, structural stability, and preventing collapse. The connectors are equipped with explosives to detonate and disintegrate the support structure.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the connector is an explosion bolt, and flanges are provided at both ends of the arc segment, with the flanges of two adjacent arc segments connected by explosion bolts.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the flanges at opposite ends of the arched frame are bolted to the cover layer.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the distance between two adjacent arched frames is less than or equal to 1m.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the diameter of the connecting ribs is greater than or equal to 12 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent connecting ribs is less than or equal to 0.6 m.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the cross-section of the arc segment is I-shaped.

[0015] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for breaking through the roof, used to remove the overburden layer at the wellhead and the support structure provided by any of the above implementations, the method comprising:

[0016] Set up a supporting structure and bury explosives in the soil cover layer;

[0017] Connecting the explosives in the supporting structure, the explosives buried in the overburden layer, the firearms and the detonator;

[0018] Activate the detonator to detonate the explosives in the supporting structure and the overburden layer in sequence.

[0019] The method for breaking through the top of a chute provided in this application is used to remove the overburden layer and supporting structure at the chute opening. The supporting structure supports any remaining overburden layer at the chute opening. When the overburden layer needs to be removed, the supporting structure below the overburden layer can be quickly dismantled, facilitating the simultaneous removal of the overburden layer and the supporting structure below, thus quickly opening the chute. First, a supporting structure is installed, and explosives are buried in the overburden layer. Explosives are installed in the connectors of the supporting structure. Then, the explosives in the supporting structure, the explosives buried in the overburden layer, the incendiary device, and the detonator are connected to detonate the explosives in both the connecting structure and the overburden layer at once. Finally, the detonator is activated to detonate the explosives in the supporting structure and the overburden layer sequentially. The supporting structure is removed first, followed by the overburden layer, to avoid incomplete removal of the overburden layer supported by the supporting structure due to its excessive stability. The reasonable detonation sequence ensures effective removal.

[0020] In one possible implementation, setting up a support structure and burying explosives in the overburden layer includes:

[0021] Detonation holes are set on the underside of the overburden layer, then the support structure is assembled and installed below the overburden layer. Explosives are filled into the detonation holes before detonation.

[0022] Alternatively, blasting holes can be set below the overburden layer, explosives can be pre-buried in the blasting holes, and then the support structure can be assembled and installed below the overburden layer.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the blasting hole includes a peripheral hole, a slotting hole, and an auxiliary hole. The peripheral hole is located on the outline of the well pass or within a set distance from the outline of the well pass. The slotting hole is located in the middle of the well pass, and the auxiliary hole is located between the peripheral hole and the slotting hole.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the firearm includes multiple detonators, which are respectively embedded in explosives in slotted holes, auxiliary holes, and peripheral holes, with the detonators in the slotted holes, auxiliary holes, and peripheral holes having progressively larger segments.

[0025] The structure of this application, as well as its other inventive objectives and beneficial effects, will become more apparent from the description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of embodiments of this application will become more readily understood through the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of this application will be described by way of example and non-limitation, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the support structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 A flowchart of the method for breaking through the top provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 100 - Supporting structure; 110 - Arched frame; 111 - Arched section; 1111 - Flange; 112 - Connecting parts; 120 - Connecting ribs. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0033] It should be understood that the following embodiments do not limit the execution order of the steps in the method protected by this application. The steps of the method of this application can be executed in any possible order and in a cyclic manner without contradicting each other.

[0034] A pass, also known as a ore pass, is a tunnel that uses its own weight to cascade ore from top to bottom. It is commonly used in mines that employ either adits or ore passes. There are two types of passes: one type, called a main pass, serves one or more stages by transferring ore or waste rock from the upper stages to the lower stages or lower ore bins; it is an auxiliary development tunnel. The other type, called a stope pass, serves one or more stops by transferring ore within the stope to the stages; it is a preparatory mine pass.

[0035] In related technologies, well passes can be constructed using deep-hole layered blasting technology. This involves drilling all parallel boreholes within the designed cross-section of the well pass, then blasting the well layer by layer from bottom to top to achieve the design requirements. In this deep-hole layered blasting process, the blasting technique for the final layer—breaking the top layer of the well pass—is a crucial step in deep-hole well construction.

[0036] However, the construction of the aforementioned chute only considered how to blast the chute into shape, without addressing the preliminary support work needed when the overburden layer at the chute opening needs to be temporarily retained. Especially when the overburden layer at the chute opening is thin, if the overburden layer is to be retained for a period of time, it must be supported to ensure the stability of its top structure, prevent deformation and collapse due to external forces or prolonged placement, and prevent falling objects from entering the work area and affecting production progress.

[0037] In view of this, the present application provides a support structure and a method for breaking through the roof. The support structure is set below the overburden layer to ensure the stability of the overburden layer structure and prevent it from deforming and collapsing due to external forces or long-term placement. The support structure is set in sections to facilitate transportation, installation and dismantling. Explosives are also placed at the joints of the support structure to greatly improve the convenience of dismantling the support structure.

[0038] The supporting structure and roof-breaking method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a support structure 100 for supporting the soil layer at the opening of a chute. The support structure 100 includes multiple arc-shaped arch frames 110 and multiple connecting ribs 120. The multiple arc-shaped arch frames 110 are spaced apart, and the two ends of the connecting ribs 120 are respectively connected to two adjacent arc-shaped arch frames 110. The arc-shaped arch frames 110 and connecting ribs 120 are distributed in a crisscross pattern. The arc-shaped arch frames 110 and connecting ribs 120 can directly provide support force to the soil layer at the corresponding position to ensure the stability of the soil layer structure and prevent it from deforming and collapsing due to external forces or long-term placement, thereby preventing objects falling from heights from entering the working face and affecting the production progress.

[0040] The arched frame 110 includes multiple arched segments 111. Each arched segment 111 is small in size, making it easy to manufacture, transport, install, and dismantle. Multiple arched segments 111 are connected end to end by connectors 112 to form an arch structure so as to fit the overburden layer. When the arch structure is under stress, it can transfer the pressure downward and outward to the adjacent parts. The stress on each part is balanced, the structure is stable, and it is not easy to collapse. It can provide good support for the overburden layer. In addition, the connectors 112 are equipped with explosives so that the connectors 112 can be detonated to disintegrate the support structure 100.

[0041] Thus, the support structure 100 provided in this application embodiment can support the overburden layer at the wellhead in the early stage, ensuring that the surface of the wellhead has basic passage conditions for personnel and small equipment, and ensuring the safety of operations inside the well. It can also quickly remove the support structure 100 and the overburden layer when needed, making the operation simple, efficient, and saving time and effort in construction.

[0042] It should be noted that the curvature of the arched frame 110 can match the curvature of the underside of the cover layer, i.e., the side of the cover layer closest to the bottom of the well, so that each arc segment 111 of the arched frame 110 fits snugly against the cover layer, thus providing good support for the cover layer. It is understood that the length and curvature of each arched frame 110 may differ along its length direction (i.e., the x-direction in the figure), and the actual length and curvature of each arched frame 110 can be determined according to the cover layer; this implementation does not impose any restrictions.

[0043] For example, the distance between two adjacent arched frames 110 can be less than or equal to 1m. Specifically, the distance between two adjacent arched frames 110 can be 0.5m, 0.75m, 1m, etc., and the distance can be selected according to the actual cross-sectional dimensions, steel dimensions and support requirements.

[0044] In addition, the diameter of the connecting rib 120 can be greater than or equal to 12mm. Specifically, the diameter of the connecting rib 120 can be 12mm, 14mm or 16mm, etc., to ensure the structural strength of the connecting rib 120. The spacing between two adjacent connecting ribs 120 can be less than or equal to 0.6m. Specifically, the spacing between two adjacent connecting ribs 120 can be 0.3mm, 0.4m or 0.5mm, etc., to meet the support requirements.

[0045] It should be noted that the numerical values ​​and ranges involved in the embodiments of this application are approximate values. Due to the influence of the manufacturing process, there may be a certain range of errors, which can be considered negligible by those skilled in the art.

[0046] In practical applications, the cross-section of the arc segment 111 can be I-shaped, and the arc segment 111 can be made of I-beams. I-beams are an economical and efficient profile with excellent cross-sectional area distribution and a reasonable strength-to-weight ratio. The arc segment 111 made of I-beams has high structural strength and low cost. Alternatively, the cross-section of the arc segment 111 can also be other economical cross-sections, and the arc segment 111 can also be made of other materials such as plastic. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0047] Similarly, the connecting rib 120 can be made of steel to improve the structural strength of the supporting structure 100, or it can be made of other materials such as plastic to reduce costs. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0048] During assembly, the arc-shaped segments 111 can be connected together using connectors 112 to form an arc-shaped arch frame 110. Then, the two ends of the connecting ribs 120 are connected to adjacent arc-shaped arch frames 110 by welding or riveting to form a crisscrossing mesh structure, providing good support for the cover layer. After the support structure 100 is assembled, the arc-shaped arch frame 110 is then connected to the cover layer. Alternatively, the support structure 100 can be installed to the cover layer during assembly; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 As shown, the connector 112 can be an explosive bolt. Flanges 1111 are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped segment 111, and the flanges 1111 of two adjacent arc-shaped segments 111 are connected by explosive bolts. Explosive bolts, also known as fragmentless explosive bolts, are often used for multi-point connection separation surfaces. Each explosive bolt resembles an ordinary bolt, containing explosives and an igniter. There are many types of explosive bolts, mainly including slotted type, shear pin type, steel ball type explosive bolts, and pollution-free explosive bolts. Explosive bolts have high load-bearing capacity, simple structure, reliable operation, and convenient use. After the explosive is detonated, the shear lock is sheared or broken along the bolt's weakening groove, allowing the support structure 100 to be dismantled.

[0050] For example, the flanges 1111 at opposite ends of the arched frame 110 can be bolted to the cover layer. After the explosive bolts are detonated, the support structure 100 will disintegrate and fall due to the vibration generated by the explosion and its own weight, separating from the cover layer. The remaining support structures 100 at the edges that do not fall will also be difficult to provide support. Therefore, it is not necessary to use explosive bolts to connect the arched frame 110 to the cover layer to reduce costs. Alternatively, the flanges 1111 at opposite ends of the arched frame 110 can also be bolted to the cover layer. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0051] It is understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of this application do not constitute a specific limitation on the support structure 100. In other embodiments of this application, the support structure 100 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. For example, the connecting ribs 120 in the support structure 100 may be replaced with connecting mesh, etc.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the topping-breaking method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a method for breaking through the roof, used to remove the overburden layer at the wellhead and the support structure 100 provided in Embodiment 1. The method for breaking through the roof includes:

[0054] S100. A support structure is installed and explosives are buried in the overburden layer. The connecting parts 112 of the support structure 100 are equipped with explosives. Specifically, the connecting parts 112 can be explosive bolts, so as to realize the simultaneous removal of the overburden layer at the well opening and the support structure 100 below, and quickly open the well.

[0055] In some examples, "setting up a support structure 100 and burying explosives in the overburden layer" may include:

[0056] S110. Detonation holes are set on the lower side of the overburden layer. First, holes are drilled from bottom to top in the surface overburden layer at the wellhead, leaving blasting holes. Plastic rigid pipes are pre-embedded in the blasting holes. No explosives are installed in the blasting holes under normal conditions. The thickness of the overburden layer can be 2m, 3m, or 4m, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0057] S120. Next, assemble the support structure and install it below the cover layer. During installation, first connect the arc-shaped segments 111 with expansion bolts to form an arc-shaped arch frame 110. Then, weld the two ends of the connecting ribs 120 to the space between two adjacent arc-shaped arch frames 110. After the support structure 100 is assembled, connect the arc-shaped arch frame 110 to the cover layer with bolts. Alternatively, the support structure 100 can be installed to the cover layer at the same time as assembly; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0058] S130. Explosives are loaded into the blasting hole before detonation. Loading explosives before detonation can prevent the explosives from falling out of the blasting hole due to external forces or from becoming damp and ineffective due to prolonged storage, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the blasting.

[0059] When blasting is required, construction workers can place explosives inside a rigid plastic tube and install a non-electric millisecond detonator. A rapid blast can then be achieved using a detonator according to the wired initiation scheme. Wired initiation has advantages such as high reliability, high sensitivity, high safety, and wide applicability. Since both the supporting structure 100 and the overburden layer need to be demolished by blasting, to avoid deformation or collapse of the shallow overburden layer at the wellhead during the blasting of the supporting structure 100, which could affect subsequent blasting operations and the blasting effect, a wired initiation scheme is adopted.

[0060] The blasting holes can include peripheral holes, cut holes, and auxiliary holes. Peripheral holes are located on the outline of the chute opening or within a set distance from the outline of the chute opening. Peripheral holes are auxiliary blasting holes, and their purpose is to shape the tunnel. After blasting, peripheral holes can make the tunnel cross-section reach the designed shape and size. Cut holes are located in the middle of the chute opening. The function of cut holes is to create a more favorable free face for subsequent auxiliary blasting, thereby improving blasting efficiency. Auxiliary holes are located between peripheral holes and cut holes. The function of auxiliary holes is to further expand the slot volume and blasting volume, and gradually approach the shape of the excavated cross-section, creating favorable conditions for peripheral holes.

[0061] In other examples, explosives may be pre-buried, i.e., "setting up a support structure 100 and burying explosives in the overburden layer" may include:

[0062] S110. Detonation holes are set below the overburden layer, and explosives are pre-buried in the holes. Pre-buried explosives can avoid interference from the supporting structure 100, and the loading of explosives is convenient and easy to operate.

[0063] S120. Then assemble the support structure and install it below the cover layer. The support structure 100 can be assembled first and then installed to the cover layer; or, the support structure 100 can be installed to the cover layer at the same time as assembly. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0064] S200, connecting the explosives in the support structure, the explosives buried in the overburden layer, the initiator, and the detonator. The explosives can be ammonium nitrate explosives, TNT, passivated RDX, plastic explosives, RDX, ammonium nitrate explosives, etc.; the initiator can include plastic detonating cords, detonating tubes, and detonators to form the detonation circuit. Multiple detonators can be buried in the explosives in the cut holes, auxiliary holes, and peripheral holes respectively. The detonators between blasting holes can be connected by detonating cords. The detonators in the cut holes, auxiliary holes, and peripheral holes have progressively larger segments to control the detonation sequence of the explosives in different locations; the detonator is mainly used to provide ignition power to the electric detonation circuit and can be a generator-type detonator, a capacitor-type detonator, or a remote-controlled detonator.

[0065] For example, the detonator can be a non-electric millisecond detonator, which is a detonator that is detonated by a plastic detonating cord and has a delay time measured in milliseconds. The plastic detonating cord contains RDX high-energy explosive and aluminum powder. After being detonated by the initiator, the explosive energy is transferred at high speed to the non-electric millisecond detonator in the form of a shock wave.

[0066] It is understood that the description of the embodiments in this application does not constitute a specific limitation on the blasting device. The blasting device may include more or fewer components. For example, the blasting device may also include an ohmmeter, an ammeter, a voltmeter, a rheostat, and detection instruments for measuring electrostatic parameters and stray currents for the detection of the detonation circuit; or, the blasting device may also include a charging mechanism for loading explosives.

[0067] S300: Activate the detonator to sequentially detonate the explosives in the support structure and the overburden layer. The detonation sequence of the explosives can be controlled by non-electric millisecond detonators installed at different positions in the blast hole. The specific detonation sequence is as follows:

[0068] First, the explosive bolts in the support structure 100 are detonated. The support structure 100 disintegrates and falls due to the vibration generated by the explosion and its own weight, separating from the overburden layer. Then, the slotting hole in the middle of the overburden layer at the wellhead is detonated, followed by the auxiliary hole, and finally the surrounding holes, completing the removal of the overburden layer at the wellhead of the well.

[0069] Connect the detonator to the explosive bolts and blast holes using a plastic detonating cord according to the above detonation sequence. This way, only one activation of the detonator is needed to sequentially detonate each explosive bolt and blast hole, achieving optimal detonation results. Alternatively, the plastic detonating cord in the wire-connected detonation scheme can be replaced with a more expensive detonating cord (a linear incendiary device used to simultaneously detonate several explosive charges or blocks); this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0070] The roof-breaking method provided in this application embodiment can quickly complete the demolition when blasting is required. It is simple and efficient to operate. At the same time, the supporting structure 100 of the blast demolition can be recycled and reused after dismantling, which effectively saves construction costs.

[0071] The structure and function of the support structure 100 have been described in detail in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "upper", "lower", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0073] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0075] In the description of this specification, the references to the terms "embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for breaking through the roof, characterized in that, Used for removing the soil cover and support structure at the wellhead, the support structure being used to support the soil cover at the wellhead, the support structure including multiple arc-shaped arches and multiple connecting ribs; Multiple arc-shaped arch frames are spaced apart, and the two ends of the connecting ribs are respectively connected to two adjacent arc-shaped arch frames. The arc-shaped arch frames and the connecting ribs are distributed in a crisscross pattern. The arc-shaped arch frame includes multiple arc-shaped segments, which are connected end to end in sequence by connectors to form an arch structure. The connectors are equipped with explosives. The method for breaking through the top includes: The supporting structure is installed and explosives are buried in the soil layer; Connect the explosives in the supporting structure, the explosives buried in the overburden layer, the incendiary device and the detonator; The detonator is activated to detonate the explosives in the supporting structure and the explosives in the overburden layer in sequence.

2. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connector is an explosive bolt, and flanges are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped segment. The flanges of two adjacent arc-shaped segments are connected by the explosive bolts.

3. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flanges at opposite ends of the arched frame are bolted to the soil cover.

4. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent arc-shaped arch frames is less than or equal to 1m.

5. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the connecting rib is greater than or equal to 12mm, and the spacing between two adjacent connecting ribs is less than or equal to 0.6m.

6. The method for breaking through the roof according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The cross-section of the arc segment is I-shaped.

7. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, Setting up the support structure and burying explosives in the overburden layer includes: A blasting hole is set on the lower side of the overburden layer, the support structure is then assembled, and the support structure is installed below the overburden layer. Explosives are filled into the blasting hole before detonation. Alternatively, blasting holes can be set below the overburden layer, explosives can be pre-buried in the blasting holes, the support structure can be assembled, and the support structure can be installed below the overburden layer.

8. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blasting hole includes a peripheral hole, a slotting hole, and an auxiliary hole. The peripheral hole is located on the outline of the well opening or within a set distance from the outline of the well opening. The slotting hole is located in the middle of the well opening. The auxiliary hole is located between the peripheral hole and the slotting hole.

9. The method for breaking through the roof according to claim 8, characterized in that, The firearm includes multiple detonators, which are respectively embedded in explosives in the slotted holes, the auxiliary holes, and the peripheral holes. The detonators in the slotted holes, the auxiliary holes, and the peripheral holes have progressively larger segments.

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