A flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate and its application

Abstract

This invention discloses a flow-adjustable multi-stage orifice plate and its application. The multi-stage orifice plate includes a flange pipe and a flow regulating component. The flow regulating component includes a front adjusting orifice plate, an electromagnet orifice plate, a rear adjusting orifice plate, a first support spring, and a second support spring. The first support spring is located between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate, and the second support spring is located between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate. The first and second support springs have different stiffnesses, resulting in a different supporting force between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate compared to the supporting force between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate. Throttling orifices are provided on the front adjusting orifice plate, the electromagnet orifice plate, and the rear adjusting orifice plate. When energized, the electromagnet orifice plate generates magnetic force, first attracting the front or rear adjusting orifice plate with the smaller supporting force, then increasing the magnetic force to attract both the front and rear adjusting orifice plates. This invention can actively regulate the flow rate with low noise under different operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flow regulation, and more specifically, relates to a flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-stage orifice plate devices are key equipment in flow regulation systems, widely used in oil and steam-water system piping structures in ships and power plants. They are primarily used to reduce injection pressure, control injection flow rate, and reduce water flow noise during back-pressure water injection, thus achieving throttling and pressure reduction. However, commonly used orifice plate devices have a fixed throttling area, limiting their flow regulation capacity and making it difficult to meet the flow regulation needs of systems under different operating conditions.

[0003] Existing single-stage flow control elements can only meet the flow regulation target, but cannot achieve low-noise and low-vibration flow control performance under high operating pressure conditions. The main reason is that, in actual flow regulation, these elements primarily achieve flow regulation by changing the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the single-stage orifice plate. However, this control method has a serious limitation: single-stage control devices are only suitable for low-pressure operating conditions. For high-pressure conditions, using only single-stage flow control elements, regardless of the control method employed, cannot achieve low-noise and low-vibration control performance. This is because when a single-stage orifice plate operates under large pressure differentials, jetting, cavitation, and flow obstruction phenomena are severe, significantly affecting flow, vibration, and noise performance.

[0004] Existing multi-stage orifice plate devices can only regulate the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the first-stage orifice plate. Under high pressure differential conditions, in order to meet the flow regulation requirements, the first-stage orifice plate will act as the main pressure-bearing part, bearing a large pressure drop. This will result in a high flow velocity at the first-stage orifice plate, leading to severe turbulence and cavitation, which in turn causes high vibration and high air noise, making it impossible to truly achieve low-noise flow regulation performance.

[0005] It is evident that existing flow regulation devices suffer from the technical problem of being unable to actively regulate flow with low noise under different operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate and its application, thereby solving the technical problem that existing flow regulation devices are difficult to actively regulate the flow with low noise for different operating conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a flow-adjustable multi-stage orifice plate is provided, comprising: a flange pipe and a flow regulating component, wherein the flow regulating component is fixed inside the flange pipe.

[0008] The flow regulating component includes: a front adjusting orifice plate, an electromagnet orifice plate, a rear adjusting orifice plate, a first support spring, and a second support spring. The front adjusting orifice plate is arranged on the front end face of the flow regulating component, and the rear adjusting orifice plate is arranged on the rear end face of the flow regulating component. The first support spring is located between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate, and the second support spring is located between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate. The stiffness of the first support spring between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate is different from the stiffness of the second support spring between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate, so that the supporting force between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate is different from the supporting force between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate. Throttling orifices are provided on the front adjusting orifice plate, the electromagnet orifice plate, and the rear adjusting orifice plate.

[0009] Both the front and rear adjustment orifice plates are made of magnetic materials. The electromagnet orifice plate is used to generate magnetic force when energized, first attracting the front or rear adjustment orifice plate with the smaller supporting force between it and the electromagnet orifice plate, then increasing the magnetic force to attract the front and rear adjustment orifice plates together.

[0010] Furthermore, the stiffness of the first support spring is greater than that of the second support spring, and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected after the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate are attracted together is greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the front adjusting orifice plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the stiffness of the first support spring is less than that of the second support spring, and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected after the electromagnet orifice plate and the front adjusting orifice plate are attracted together is less than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the rear adjusting orifice plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first support spring and the second support spring differ in number, length, diameter, or material.

[0013] Furthermore, the total area of ​​the throttling orifices on the rear adjusting orifice plate is greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifices on the front adjusting orifice plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-stage throttling orifice plate also includes an axial adjustment ring, with the flange pipe connected to the axial adjustment ring via a threaded structure, used to adjust the axial installation error of the flow regulating component caused by manufacturing errors.

[0015] Furthermore, the flow regulating component also includes: a first radial sealing ring, a second radial sealing ring, and a support sleeve. The first radial sealing ring is disposed in the annular groove on the outer wall of the front adjusting orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate, and the second radial sealing ring is installed in the annular groove on the outer wall of the support sleeve. The support sleeve is arranged between the electromagnet orifice plate and the axial adjusting ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the flow regulating component also includes a guide screw and a limiting nut. The guide screw passes through the through holes of the front adjusting plate, the rear adjusting plate, and the electromagnet plate in sequence, and the connection between the guide screw and the front adjusting plate and the rear adjusting plate is fastened by the limiting nut.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner wall of the flange pipe is evenly distributed with multiple positioning grooves along the circumference, and the outer wall of the electromagnet orifice plate is provided with multiple positioning protrusions along the circumference, with the positioning protrusions corresponding to and engaging with the positioning grooves one by one.

[0018] According to another aspect of the invention, an application of a flow-adjustable multi-stage orifice plate is provided, wherein the multi-stage orifice plate is used to regulate the flow rate of fluid in a pipeline, the fluid in the pipeline flowing along the orifices of the multi-stage orifice plate;

[0019] In high-pressure working mode, the electromagnet orifice plate is not energized. The front adjustment orifice plate, the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate all play a role in reducing the pressure of the fluid, realizing three-stage pressure reduction.

[0020] In medium-voltage operating mode, the electromagnet orifice plate is energized, and the change in magnetic force is adjusted to attract only the front or rear adjustment orifice plate, thereby achieving two-stage voltage reduction.

[0021] In low-voltage operating mode, the magnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate is increased, and the front and rear adjustment orifice plates are attracted to achieve a first-stage voltage reduction.

[0022] The effective flow area of ​​the flow regulating component is changed by adjusting the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate.

[0023] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) This invention adjusts the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate to attract the adjustment orifice plates at different positions, thereby adjusting the effective flow area of ​​the flow regulating component to meet the flow requirements under different working modes. This invention provides springs between the front adjustment orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate, and between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate. This allows the front and rear adjustment orifice plates to return to their original positions after the magnetic force disappears, enabling the multi-stage throttling orifice plates to be reused. This invention sets different stiffnesses for the first and second support springs, making the supporting force between the front adjustment orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate different from that between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate. Therefore, by adjusting the magnetic force, the number of attracted orifice plates can be adjusted, achieving multi-stage pressure reduction and low-noise throttling, meeting the flow regulation needs under various working conditions. Because this invention uses multiple orifice plates for flow regulation, even when working under large pressure differentials, jetting and cavitation phenomena can be avoided. Because this invention utilizes the form of magnetic attraction of the orifice plate to dynamically change the effective pressure reduction stage of the throttling orifice plate, it avoids the situation where only the first stage orifice plate will act as the main pressure-bearing part and bear a large pressure drop under high pressure differential conditions, thereby reducing noise and achieving low-noise flow regulation.

[0025] (2) In this invention, when the stiffness of the first support spring is greater than that of the second support spring, the electromagnet orifice plate, when the magnetic force is small, first individually attracts the rear adjustment orifice plate, and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected after the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate are attracted is greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the front adjustment orifice plate. When the stiffness of the first support spring is less than that of the second support spring, the electromagnet orifice plate, when the magnetic force is small, first individually attracts the front adjustment orifice plate, and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected after the electromagnet orifice plate and the front adjustment orifice plate are attracted is less than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the rear adjustment orifice plate. Both structures further reduce flow noise and cavitation during the throttling process by gradually expanding the pressure reduction. In multi-stage throttling, the area gradually increases, which can reduce the air noise of the last stage throttling component. If the area of ​​each stage is equal or reduced in multi-stage throttling, it will increase the air noise of the last stage throttling component, causing jet phenomenon and cavitation phenomenon. The present invention limits the total area of ​​the throttling orifices on the rear adjustment orifice plate to be greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifices on the front adjustment orifice plate, which is also to reduce flow noise and cavitation during the throttling process.

[0026] (3) The flange pipe and the axial adjustment ring of this invention are connected by a threaded structure to adjust the axial installation error of the flow regulating component caused by manufacturing errors. Sealing rings are provided in the annular grooves on the outer walls of the front and rear adjusting orifice plates, as well as in the annular grooves on the outer wall of the support sleeve. This ensures the sealing performance of the multi-stage throttling orifice plate and adjusts the radial clearance between the flow regulating component and the flange pipe. This effectively overcomes the axial and radial clearances caused by manufacturing, processing, and assembly factors in the multi-stage throttling and pressure reducing device, avoiding significant vibration and noise during use. It also offers strong replaceability and disassembly / reassembly capabilities.

[0027] (4) In this invention, a guide screw passing through the through holes of the front adjustment orifice plate, the rear adjustment orifice plate, and the electromagnet orifice plate sequentially achieves the reset of the front and rear adjustment orifice plates after the electromagnet orifice plate loses its magnetic force, thus avoiding positional displacement during the reset process and affecting the flow regulation effect in the next operation. In this invention, the positioning protrusions are inserted one-to-one into the positioning grooves, forming a positioning and circumferential rotation restriction for the flow regulation component.

[0028] (5) The magnetic suction structure designed in this invention can meet the low-noise flow regulation requirements under three operating conditions. The implementation method utilizes magnetic force to attract orifice plates, dynamically changing the effective pressure reduction stages of the throttling orifice plates. The higher the operating pressure, the more orifice plates are involved, thus achieving multi-stage pressure reduction and low-noise throttling. In high-pressure operating mode, all three orifice plates play a pressure reduction and regulation role, achieving three-stage low-noise flow regulation; in medium-pressure operating mode, by adjusting the change in magnetic force, two-stage low-noise flow regulation is achieved; in low-pressure operating mode, multiple orifice plates are attracted, achieving one-stage pressure reduction. That is, under different operating conditions, changing the magnetic force of the magnetic attraction adjusts the number of orifice plates attracted, obtaining different pressure reduction performance, thereby achieving the flow regulation requirements under high, medium, and low operating conditions. It has the advantages of simple structure and feasible method, and can achieve the purpose of low-noise flow regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front adjustment plate for mounting the first support spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the front adjustment plate without the first support spring installed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnet orifice plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear adjustment plate without the second support spring installed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear adjustment plate for mounting the second support spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage throttling orifice plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention when it is working under high pressure.

[0036] Figure 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage throttling orifice plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention when it is working under medium pressure conditions;

[0037] Figure 5 (c) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage throttling orifice plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention when it is working under low pressure conditions;

[0038] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0039] 1 is a flange pipe, 2 is an axial adjusting ring, 3 is a flow regulating component, 301 is a front adjusting orifice plate, 302 is an electromagnet orifice plate, 303 is a rear adjusting orifice plate, 304 is a guide screw, 305 is a limit nut, 306 is a first support spring, 307 is a second support spring, 308 is a first radial sealing ring, 309 is a second radial sealing ring, and 3010 is a support sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, a low-noise, flow-adjustable, multi-stage throttling orifice plate includes: a flange pipe 1, an axial adjusting ring 2, and a flow regulating component 3. The flange pipe 1 and the axial adjusting ring 2 are connected by a threaded structure. The flow regulating component 3 includes a front adjusting orifice plate 301, an electromagnet orifice plate 302, a rear adjusting orifice plate 303, a guide screw 304, a limit nut 305, a first support spring 306, a second support spring 307, a first radial sealing ring 308, a second radial sealing ring 309, and a support sleeve 3010. The front adjusting orifice plate 301 and the first support spring 306 are concentrically arranged on the front end face of the flow regulating component 3, and the rear adjusting orifice plate 303... The second support spring 307 is concentrically arranged on the rear end face of the flow regulating component 3; the guide screw 304 and the limit nut 305 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the electromagnet orifice plate 302; throttling holes are evenly distributed on the front adjusting orifice plate 301, the electromagnet orifice plate 302, and the rear adjusting orifice plate 303; the first radial sealing ring 308 and the second radial sealing ring 309 are respectively arranged in the grooves on the outer walls of the front adjusting orifice plate 301, the rear adjusting orifice plate 303, and the support sleeve 3010; the support sleeve 3010 is arranged between the electromagnet orifice plate 302 and the axial adjusting ring 2; the flow regulating component 3 is fixed to the flange pipe 1 and the axial adjusting ring 2 through the electromagnet orifice plate 302.

[0042] The flanged pipe 1 consists of a straight pipe section and a pair of connecting flanges. One connecting flange is provided at each end of the straight pipe for connection to external pipes. Two locating grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the flanged pipe 1. Two locating protrusions are provided circumferentially on the outer wall of the electromagnet orifice plate 302 connected at the rear end. These locating protrusions are fitted into the locating grooves one-to-one, thus constraining the positioning and circumferential rotation of the flow regulating component 3.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A flow-adjustable multi-stage orifice plate includes: a flange pipe and a flow regulating component, wherein the flow regulating component is fixed inside the flange pipe.

[0045] The flow regulating component includes: a front adjusting orifice plate, an electromagnet orifice plate, a rear adjusting orifice plate, a first support spring, and a second support spring. The front adjusting orifice plate is arranged on the front end face of the flow regulating component, and the rear adjusting orifice plate is arranged on the rear end face of the flow regulating component. The first support spring is located between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate, and the second support spring is located between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate. The stiffness of the first support spring between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate is different from the stiffness of the second support spring between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate, so that the supporting force between the front adjusting orifice plate and the electromagnet orifice plate is different from the supporting force between the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjusting orifice plate. Throttling orifices are provided on the front adjusting orifice plate, the electromagnet orifice plate, and the rear adjusting orifice plate.

[0046] Both the front and rear adjustment orifice plates are made of magnetic materials. The electromagnet orifice plate is used to generate magnetic force when energized, first attracting the front or rear adjustment orifice plate with the smaller supporting force between it and the electromagnet orifice plate, then increasing the magnetic force to attract the front and rear adjustment orifice plates together.

[0047] The stiffness of the first support spring is greater than that of the second support spring, and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected by the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate after they are attracted together is greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the front adjustment orifice plate.

[0048] Multi-stage orifice plates are used to regulate the flow rate of fluid in pipelines, with the fluid flowing along the orifices of the multi-stage orifice plate.

[0049] In high-pressure working mode, the electromagnet orifice plate is not energized. The front adjustment orifice plate, the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate all play a role in reducing the pressure of the fluid, realizing three-stage pressure reduction.

[0050] In medium-voltage operating mode, the electromagnet orifice plate is energized, and the change in magnetic force is adjusted. Only after the orifice plate is attracted, a two-stage voltage reduction is achieved.

[0051] In low-voltage operating mode, the magnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate is increased, and the front and rear adjustment orifice plates are attracted to achieve a first-stage voltage reduction.

[0052] The effective flow area of ​​the flow regulating component is changed by adjusting the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A low-noise, flow-adjustable, multi-stage throttling orifice plate includes: a flange pipe 1, an axial adjustment ring 2, and a flow regulating component 3. The flow regulating component 3 includes a front adjusting orifice plate 301, an electromagnet orifice plate 302, a rear adjusting orifice plate 303, a guide screw 304, a limit nut 305, a first support spring 306, a second support spring 307, a first radial sealing ring 308, a second radial sealing ring 309, and a support sleeve 3010.

[0055] The electromagnet orifice plate 302 has four through holes in its circumference. The front adjustment orifice plate 301 and the rear adjustment orifice plate 303 are connected to the electromagnet orifice plate 302 through guide screws 304 and are fastened by limit nuts 305.

[0056] The first radial sealing ring 308 is installed in the annular groove on the outer wall of the front adjusting orifice plate 301 and the rear adjusting orifice plate 303, and the second radial sealing ring 309 is installed in the annular groove on the outer wall of the support sleeve 3010, in order to adjust the radial clearance of the flow regulating component 3 and the flange pipe 1.

[0057] The axial adjustment ring 2 is machined with an external thread structure and is connected to the flange pipe 1 through the external thread. It can be used to adjust the axial installation error of the flow regulating component 3 caused by machining and manufacturing errors.

[0058] The first and second support springs arranged between the front adjustment orifice plate 301, the rear adjustment orifice plate 303 and the electromagnet orifice plate 302 have different stiffnesses, with the second support spring having higher stiffness.

[0059] Two rings of throttling holes are arranged radially on the front adjusting orifice plate 301, the electromagnet orifice plate 302, and the rear adjusting orifice plate 303. The throttling holes are evenly spaced along the circumference and all have the same diameter.

[0060] Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure on the side where the first support spring is installed on the front adjustment plate. Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the front adjusting plate without the first support spring installed; for comparison Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 As can be seen in (b), the side of the front adjusting plate where the first support spring is installed has four more mounting holes compared to the side where the first support spring is not installed, and the number of first support springs is four. Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 In section (b), the four small holes on the outermost ring are all guide holes for the guide screw. The throttling holes of the front adjusting plate are in two rings, with eight throttling holes evenly distributed in each ring.

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnet orifice plate. Figure 3 The four small holes on the outermost ring are guide holes for the guide screws. The four large holes on the outermost ring are mounting holes for the first or second support spring. The electromagnet orifice plate has two rings of throttling orifices, with four throttling orifices evenly distributed in each ring.

[0062] Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the rear adjusting plate without the second support spring installed. Figure 4 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure on the side where the second support spring is installed on the rear adjustment plate; Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 In diagram (b), the four outermost small holes are all guide holes for the guide screw. (Comparison) Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 As shown in (b), the side of the rear adjusting orifice plate with the second support spring installed has four more mounting holes compared to the side without the second support spring installed, and the number of second support springs is four. The throttling orifice of the rear adjusting orifice plate consists of two rings, with 12 throttling orifices evenly distributed on the outer ring and 8 throttling orifices evenly distributed on the inner ring.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Multi-stage orifice plates are installed on shipboard water supply and drainage pipes, allowing high-pressure seawater to flow sequentially through them. The multi-stage orifice plate system consists of three orifice plates: a front adjusting orifice plate, an electromagnet orifice plate, and a rear adjusting orifice plate, installed sequentially along the fluid flow direction. The front adjusting orifice plate has two rows of orifices with an 8-8 orifice distribution; the electromagnet orifice plate has two rows of orifices with a 4-4 orifice distribution; and the rear adjusting orifice plate has two rows of orifices with an 8-12 orifice distribution. Depending on different operating conditions, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate is adjusted to engage the front and rear adjusting orifice plates, thereby adjusting the effective flow area of ​​the flow regulating component to achieve flow regulation.

[0065] When the multi-stage throttling orifice plate device operates under high pressure conditions, the electromagnet orifice plate is not energized, such as... Figure 5 As shown in (a), the three orifice plates are separated from each other by support springs, providing three-stage pressure reduction. When the operating pressure of the device decreases, in the medium-pressure operating mode, as... Figure 5 As shown in (b), the electromagnet orifice plate is energized. By adjusting the change in magnetic force, only the front adjustment orifice plate is attracted. At this time, the electromagnet orifice plate and the rear adjustment orifice plate achieve a two-stage voltage reduction. As the working pressure further decreases, in the low-pressure working mode, as... Figure 5 As shown in (c), the magnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate is further increased. At this point, both the front and rear adjusting orifice plates are simultaneously attracted, and only the electromagnet orifice plate achieves the first-stage pressure reduction. This flow regulation component dynamically adjusts the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate according to different working pressures, attracting different orifice plates and thus changing the effective flow area of ​​the multi-stage throttling orifice plate device, thereby achieving low-noise flow regulation.

[0066] Furthermore, the inner wall of the flange pipe and the electromagnet orifice plate utilize a groove structure to position and restrict the circumferential rotation of the flow regulating component. Simultaneously, the electromagnet orifice plate has multiple through holes circumferentially, using guide screws and front and rear adjusting orifice plates, and secured and limited by limit nuts. Secondly, annular groove structures are machined on the outer walls of the front and rear adjusting orifice plates and the support sleeve, and elastic sealing rings are installed to adjust the radial clearance between the flow regulating component and the flange pipe. In addition, the flange pipe is connected to the axial adjusting ring via a threaded connection, which can be used to adjust axial installation errors caused by manufacturing errors in the flow regulating component. This effectively overcomes the axial and radial clearances caused by manufacturing and assembly factors in multi-stage throttling and pressure reducing devices, avoiding significant vibration and noise during use, while also offering strong replaceability and disassembly / reassembly capabilities.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage throttling orifice plate with adjustable flow rate, characterized in that, include: A flange pipe (1) and a flow regulating component (3), wherein the flow regulating component (3) is fixed inside the flange pipe (1). The flow regulating component (3) includes: a front adjusting orifice plate (301), an electromagnet orifice plate (302), a rear adjusting orifice plate (303), a first support spring (306), and a second support spring (307). The front adjusting orifice plate (301) is arranged on the front end face of the flow regulating component (3), and the rear adjusting orifice plate (303) is arranged on the rear end face of the flow regulating component (3). The first support spring (306) is located between the front adjusting orifice plate (301) and the electromagnet orifice plate (302), and the second support spring (307) is located between the electromagnet orifice plate (302) and the rear adjusting orifice plate (303). Between the plates (303), the stiffness of the first support spring (306) between the front adjustment hole plate (301) and the electromagnet hole plate (302) is different from the stiffness of the second support spring (307) between the electromagnet hole plate (302) and the rear adjustment hole plate (303), so that the supporting force between the front adjustment hole plate (301) and the electromagnet hole plate (302) is different from the supporting force between the electromagnet hole plate (302) and the rear adjustment hole plate (303). Throttling holes are provided on the front adjustment hole plate (301), the electromagnet hole plate (302), and the rear adjustment hole plate (303). Both the front adjustment plate (301) and the rear adjustment plate (303) are made of magnetic materials. The electromagnet plate (302) is used to generate magnetic force when energized, first attracting the front adjustment plate (301) or the rear adjustment plate (303) with a small supporting force between it and the electromagnet plate (302), then increasing the magnetic force to attract the front adjustment plate (301) and the rear adjustment plate (303). The multi-stage throttling orifice plate also includes: an axial adjustment ring (2), and the flange pipe (1) is connected to the axial adjustment ring (2) by a threaded structure, which is used to adjust the axial installation error of the flow regulating component (3) due to the processing and manufacturing error; The flow regulating component (3) further includes: a first radial sealing ring (308), a second radial sealing ring (309), and a support sleeve (3010). The first radial sealing ring (308) is provided in the annular groove on the outer wall of the front adjusting orifice plate (301) and the rear adjusting orifice plate (303). The second radial sealing ring (309) is installed in the annular groove on the outer wall of the support sleeve (3010). The support sleeve (3010) is arranged between the electromagnet orifice plate (302) and the axial adjusting ring (2). The flow regulating component (3) further includes a guide screw (304) and a limiting nut (305). The guide screw (304) passes through the through holes of the front adjusting plate (301), the rear adjusting plate (303), and the electromagnet plate (302) in sequence. The connection between the guide screw (304) and the front adjusting plate (301) and the rear adjusting plate (303) is fastened by the limiting nut (305).

2. The adjustable flow multi-stage throttling orifice plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stiffness of the first support spring (306) is greater than that of the second support spring (307), and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected by the electromagnet orifice plate (302) and the rear adjustment orifice plate (303) after they are attracted together is greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the front adjustment orifice plate (301).

3. The adjustable flow multi-stage throttling orifice plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stiffness of the first support spring (306) is less than that of the second support spring (307), and the total area of ​​the throttling orifice connected by the electromagnet orifice plate (302) and the front adjustment orifice plate (301) after they are attracted together is less than the total area of ​​the throttling orifice of the rear adjustment orifice plate (303).

4. A flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first support spring (306) and the second support spring (307) are different in number, length, diameter or material.

5. A flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The total area of ​​the throttling orifices on the rear adjusting orifice plate (303) is greater than the total area of ​​the throttling orifices on the front adjusting orifice plate (301).

6. A flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the flange pipe (1) is evenly distributed with multiple positioning grooves along the circumference, and the outer wall of the electromagnet orifice plate (302) is provided with multiple positioning protrusions along the circumference, and the positioning protrusions are inserted into the positioning grooves one by one.

7. The application of a flow-adjustable multi-stage throttling orifice plate as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The multi-stage orifice plate is used to regulate the flow rate of fluid in a pipeline, and the fluid in the pipeline flows along the orifice of the multi-stage orifice plate. In high-pressure working mode, the electromagnet orifice plate (302) is not energized, and the front adjustment orifice plate (301), the electromagnet orifice plate (302) and the rear adjustment orifice plate (303) all play a role in reducing the pressure of the fluid, realizing three-stage pressure reduction; In the medium-voltage working mode, the electromagnet orifice plate (302) is energized and the change of magnetic force is adjusted to attract only the front adjustment orifice plate (301) or the rear adjustment orifice plate (303) to achieve two-stage voltage reduction; In low-voltage operating mode, the magnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate (302) is increased, and the front adjustment orifice plate (301) and the rear adjustment orifice plate (303) are attracted to achieve a first-stage voltage reduction. The effective flow area of ​​the flow regulating component (3) is changed by adjusting the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet orifice plate (302).

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