Method and device for uncovering and displaying typical morphological features of rammed earth sites

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of the display and protection of earthen heritage sites, and particularly relates to a method and device for uncovering and displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth heritage sites for indoor display, including determining the sampling range, consolidating the suspiciously moving area, demarcating the uncovering area, cleaning the surface floating soil, embedding a fixing plate, sealing and reinforcing the surface, uncovering the morphological sample, packaging the morphological sample, and displaying the typical morphology. In the present invention, the consolidation of the suspiciously moving area, the sealing and reinforcement of the typical morphology to be uncovered, the size ratio of the uncovering device and the display device, etc. can be applicable to a variety of rammed earth heritage sites and a variety of uncovered-display morphological samples, with a wide application range and flexible use. Subsequently, the uncovering device enables the stable and safe progress of the uncovering process and is simple to operate. The present invention is ingeniously designed, the operation process is simple and effective, the uncovering of the sample is safe and feasible, which is a major innovation in the uncovering-display device and method for displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth heritage sites for indoor display, and has high popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of display and protection of earthen site cultural relics, and particularly relates to a method and device for uncovering and displaying typical morphological features of rammed earth sites for indoor display. Background Art

[0002] As one of the important types of cultural heritage in China, rammed earth sites are important historical carriers integrating military and cultural functions, and contain rich historical and cultural values. However, due to the particularity of their building materials and the characteristics of the open-air environment, diseases are generally developed in rammed earth sites. Regarding the surface weathering problems and structural problems generated in rammed earth sites, certain effects have been achieved on emergency repair measures.

[0003] The vast majority of rammed earth sites still have slow damage caused by inadequate preventive protection measures. Preventive protection research is equally important and essential. The indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites is a prerequisite for preventive protection research. Observing the evolution characteristics of diseases and quantitatively evaluating the evolution characteristics of diseases is conducive to exploring the damage behavior of rammed earth sites in essence, and further formulating long-term scientific and reasonable preventive protection measures and policies. Simply relying on emergency repair will not fundamentally solve the problem of protecting rammed earth sites.

[0004] Before the renovation of rammed earth sites, uncovering their typical morphological features for indoor display involves multiple interdisciplinary fields, and is in line with the renovation principle of "repairing the old as the old, preserving its authenticity, and not changing the original state of cultural relics" and the working policy of "protection first, rescue first, strengthen management, and make reasonable use" in the cultural relics protection in China. The research on typical morphological features of rammed earth sites is a prerequisite for preventive protection, which can provide basic data and scientific basis for the protection and repair of rammed earth sites, and supplement and enrich the theoretical and practical systems of rammed earth site protection in China.

[0005] At present, the uncovering system for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites is still immature, with low automation and high costs. How to achieve the uncovering and display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites for indoor display has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the current uncovering system for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites is still immature, the present invention provides a method and device for uncovering and displaying typical morphological features of rammed earth sites for indoor display.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method for uncovering and displaying typical morphological features of rammed earth sites for indoor display, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) Determine the sampling range: Conduct a surface topography analysis survey to clarify information such as different ramming pits, ramming layers, weathered topography, etc., and determine the sampling range;

[0009] 2) Strengthen the suspected moving area: After determining the sampling area, observe the stability of the ramming earth wall where the sampling area is located. If there are signs of overall or structural diseases, timely strengthen the suspected moving area;

[0010] 3) Define the extraction area: Indicate the size of the extraction area;

[0011] 4) Clean the surface floating soil: Clean the floating soil on the surface to be extracted, and make the fine surface topography clear and clean;

[0012] 5) Embed the fixing plate: Embed the fixing plate around the surface to be extracted, unload the local area around the extraction area, and clean the excess ramming soil;

[0013] 6) Seal and reinforce the surface: After embedding the fixing plate, seal and reinforce the ramming soil body to be extracted to ensure that the topography of the ramming soil body to be extracted is not disturbed or damaged;

[0014] 7) Extract the topography sample: Separate the ramming soil body to be extracted from the original ramming soil body structure;

[0015] 8) Package the topography sample: Package the extracted topography sample to prevent the sample from being damaged due to vibration or displacement;

[0016] 9) Display typical topography: Control the temperature and humidity in the storage environment of the topography sample.

[0017] The present invention further provides an extraction and display device for indoor display of typical topography features of ramming earth sites, including a sealing device, an extraction device, and a sawing device;

[0018] The sealing device includes a frame-shaped fixing plate with openings at the front and back, a front plate detachably arranged on the front side of the fixing plate, two shaft connectors arranged side by side on the front plate, and a T-shaped hole is opened in each shaft connector in the up-down direction, and the horizontal part of the T-shaped hole is longitudinally communicated with the front side wall of the shaft connector;

[0019] The peeling device includes a chassis, rotating wheels provided on the bottom surface of the chassis, hydraulic supports provided on the bottom surface of the chassis, a pair of lower guide rails oppositely provided on the upper surface of the chassis, a peeling table supported on the top of the chassis, and a pair of upper guide rails oppositely provided on the lower surface of the peeling table. A scissor lift is arranged between the lower guide rail and the corresponding upper guide rail. One of the lifting rods at the lower end of the scissor lift is rotatably connected to the lower guide rail, and the other lifting rod is slidably engaged with the lower chute on the lower guide rail. One of the lifting rods at the upper end of the scissor lift is rotatably connected to the upper guide rail, and the other lifting rod is slidably engaged with the upper chute on the upper guide rail. At least one hydraulic lifting rod for controlling the lifting of the peeling table is arranged on the chassis. A movable loading platform is slidably arranged on the peeling table. A control motor for controlling the forward and backward movement of the movable loading platform is arranged on the peeling table. A part of the table surface of the movable loading platform can extend out of the peeling table. A pair of chutes are arranged on the movable loading platform in the front-back direction. A connecting seat is limitedly slidably arranged on each chute. A connecting shaft is rotatably arranged on the connecting seat. The free end of the connecting shaft has a cross-shaped card portion. Each cross-shaped card portion is respectively clamped and matched with the corresponding T-shaped hole.

[0020] The sawing device includes an outer bracket in a right-angled n shape, and an inner bracket in a right-angled n shape arranged inside the outer bracket. The two ends of the horizontal part of the outer bracket are respectively connected to the two ends of the horizontal part of the inner bracket through servo electric cylinders. Control components are respectively arranged on the two vertical parts of the inner bracket. The control component includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel rotatably arranged outside the inner bracket. The driving wheel and the corresponding driven wheel are connected by a belt. A connecting rod is rotatably arranged on one side end surface of the driven wheel. Fixing pieces are respectively arranged oppositely in the horizontal direction on the two vertical parts of the inner bracket. A moving piece is movably penetrated through the fixing piece in the horizontal direction. A moving groove is opened on the side wall of the fixing piece opposite to the moving piece. The inner end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the moving piece through the moving groove. The rotating driven wheel can control the moving piece to reciprocate horizontally through the connecting rod. A long saw blade is connected between the opposite moving pieces.

[0021] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the peeling and displaying device of the present invention, a display device is further included. The display device includes a sample display cabinet. A sample display table is slidably arranged in the sample display cabinet. A transparent display board is hinged to the top of the sample display cabinet opposite to the sample display table. The sample display table can be reciprocally pulled out through the outlet corresponding to the transparent display board.

[0022] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the peeling and displaying device of the present invention, a bracing device is further included. The bracing device includes a plurality of horizontal circular wooden piles arranged side by side in the up-down direction, and a plurality of longitudinal support wooden piles arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. The longitudinal support wooden piles and the adjacent horizontal circular wooden piles are detachably connected. Connecting pads are arranged at the bottoms of at least two longitudinal support wooden piles.

[0023] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the uncovering and display device of the present invention, at least one front strap connecting member is provided on the outer side wall of the fixing plate of the encapsulation device; three sides of the upper surface of the uncovering table are surrounded by protective plates, and a rear strap connecting member is provided on the protective plate opposite to the movable loading table, and the front strap connecting member and the rear strap connecting member are connected by a strap.

[0024] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the uncovering and display device of the present invention, two rows of support guide rails are arranged side by side along the front-back movement direction at the bottom of the movable loading table, and sliding grooves that are slidably matched with the support guide rails are provided on the uncovering table.

[0025] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the uncovering and display device of the present invention, one side of the sample display cabinet has a constant temperature and humidity control room. A first exhaust - exhaust fan group and a second exhaust - exhaust fan group are arranged in the constant temperature and humidity control room. The first exhaust - exhaust fan group includes a first U - shaped pipe, a first exhaust fan with a motor, and a first exhaust fan. The first exhaust fan and the first exhaust fan are respectively located at both ends of the first U - shaped pipe, and both ends of the first U - shaped pipe are respectively communicated with the internal environment of the sample display cabinet. A desiccant is provided in the first U - shaped pipe; the second exhaust - exhaust fan group includes a second U - shaped pipe, a second exhaust fan with a motor, and a second exhaust fan. The second exhaust fan and the second exhaust fan are respectively located at both ends of the second U - shaped pipe, and both ends of the second U - shaped pipe are respectively communicated with the internal environment of the sample display cabinet. A humidifier is provided in the second U - shaped pipe; a humidity sensor is provided on the side wall of the constant temperature and humidity control room.

[0026] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the uncovering and display device of the present invention, a temperature sensor, a heating wire, and an eddy current tube cold air outlet are respectively provided on the side wall of the constant temperature and humidity control room.

[0027] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the uncovering and display device of the present invention, a sample information display area and a temperature and humidity display are provided on the front side of the constant temperature and humidity control room.

[0028] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the uncovering and display device of the present invention, support rods are respectively hinged at both ends of the sample display platform close to the outside, and the upright support rods can be supported and cooperated with the transparent display board.

[0029] The uncovering and display method and device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites of the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0030] In the present invention, the consolidation of the suspicious movement area, the sealing and reinforcement of the typical morphology to be peeled off, the size ratio of the peeling device and the display device, etc. can be applicable to a variety of rammed earth sites and a variety of peeled-off - display morphology samples, with a wide range of applications and flexible use. Subsequently, the peeling device enables the stable and safe progress of the peeling process and is easy to operate. The present invention is ingeniously designed, the operation process is simple and effective, and the peeling of samples is safe and feasible. It is a major innovation in the peeling - display device and peeling method for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites, and has high popularization value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the peeling - display method for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the consolidation device of the peeling - display device for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the consolidation of the suspicious movement area of the rammed earth site of the peeling - display device for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing device of the peeling - display device for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the peeling device of the peeling - display device for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the peeling table of the peeling - display device for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sawing device of the peeling - display device for indoor display of the typical morphological characteristics of rammed earth sites according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8Schematic diagram of the display device for uncovering and displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth sites indoors according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 Internal schematic diagram of the display device for uncovering and displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth sites indoors according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the constant temperature and humidity control room of the uncovering and display device for uncovering and displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth sites indoors according to the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 100 - bracing device; 110 - horizontal circular wooden stake; 120 - longitudinal support wooden stake; 130 - connecting pad; 200 - sealing and protecting device; 210 - fixing plate; 211 - front plate; 220 - protective part; 230 - front strap connecting part; 240 - shaft connecting part; 241 - T-shaped hole; 300 - uncovering device; 310 - chassis; 311 - hydraulic lifting rod; 320 - rotating wheel; 330 - hydraulic support part; 340 - lower guide rail; 341 - lower chute; 350 - scissor lift rod; 360 - uncovering table; 361 - protective plate; 362 - rear strap connecting part; 363 - control motor; 364 - support guide rail; 365 - movable loading platform; 366 - connecting shaft; 367 - chute; 368 - connecting seat; 370 - cross card part; 400 - sawing device; 410 - outer bracket; 420 - servo electric cylinder; 430 - inner bracket; 441 - driving wheel; 442 - belt; 443 - driven wheel; 444 - connecting rod; 445 - moving part; 446 - fixing part; 447 - moving groove; 448 - long saw blade; 500 - display device; 510 - sample display cabinet; 511 - support rod; 512 - installation groove; 520 - sample display table; 530 - handle; 540 - transparent display board; 550 - constant temperature and humidity control room; 551 - sample information display area; 552 - temperature and humidity display; 553 - temperature sensor; 554 - humidity sensor; 555 - heating wire; 556 - vortex tube cold air outlet; 560 - first exhaust - extraction fan group; 561 - first extraction fan; 562 - first exhaust fan; 563 - first U-shaped tube; 570 - second exhaust - extraction fan group. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the solutions of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0045] In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "joined" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a specific embodiment of a method for uncovering and displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth sites for indoor display, including the following steps:

[0049] 1) Determine the sampling range: Conduct surface morphological analysis and investigation to clarify information such as different rammer pits, rammed layers, weathered morphologies, etc., and determine the sampling range; specifically, first analyze and investigate the typical morphological features of the rammed earth site to clarify information such as different rammer pits, rammed layers, weathered morphologies, etc., and determine the sampling range. After determining the sampling range, carefully observe the stability of the rammed earth wall where the sampling range is located. If there are overall or structural disease characteristics developed, timely reinforce the suspiciously moving area to ensure the stability of the rammed earth body during the sampling process.

[0050] 2) Reinforce the suspiciously moving area: After determining the sampling area, observe the stability of the rammed earth wall where the sampling area is located. If there are overall or structural disease characteristics developed, timely reinforce the suspiciously moving area.

[0051] 3) Define the uncovering area: After determining the sampling range, define the uncovering area. When defining the uncovering area, it should be slightly offset about 1 centimeter outside the rammed earth body of the uncovering area and should not be biased towards one side of the uncovering area. When the uncovering area is exactly at the intersection edge with the rammed earth body such as a blue brick water trough, define it according to the edge. Subsequently, drive in the fixing plate along the edge line, separating the uncovering morphological area from the blue brick water trough, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of the uncovering process. Use a flat ruler to align with the divided area, hold both ends and the middle of the ruler firmly, and bounce a vertical line around the sampling of the rammed earth body (that is, bounce the white string through the powder cloth bag onto the soil body), lightly mark the uncovering size indication, and then use a wedge to fix the thin hemp rope to indicate the size of the uncovering area.

[0052] 4) Clean the surface floating soil: Clean the floating soil on the surface to be pre-extracted, and make the fine surface morphology clear and clean; the protective measures to be taken after demarcating the extraction area are to clean the surface floating soil and retain the diseases. Use a whisk broom to gently brush from top to bottom to clean the surface floating soil; in case of individual surface of soft and alkaline rammed earth, for fear of disturbing the surface when using the whisk broom to float, use an ear syringe with unidirectional air intake and an air filtration system to gently blow the surface floating soil from top to bottom. During the cleaning process, it should be noted that there should be no gaps and no overlapping of the surface when proceeding from top to bottom in sequence, and the length of one-time cleaning is controlled at about 20 cm. After cleaning the surface floating soil, the fine surface morphology is clear and clean.

[0053] 5) Embed the fixing plate: Embed the fixing plate around the surface to be pre-extracted, unload the local area around the extraction area, and clean the excess rammed earth.

[0054] 6) Seal and reinforce the surface: After embedding the fixing plate, seal and reinforce the rammed earth body to be extracted to ensure that the morphology of the rammed earth body to be extracted is not disturbed or damaged; after embedding the fixing plate, seal and reinforce the surface, and the sealed and reinforced surface is used to ensure that the morphological characteristics of the extracted sample are not disturbed or damaged during the extraction process. Different sealing methods are adopted according to the information of different samples to be extracted in morphology, and physical and chemical methods are used for temporary reinforcement. When the morphology to be extracted is a surface weathering problem display sample such as surface crust, exfoliation of the crust layer, and superficial cracks, use a hardener of molten menthol: menthyl lactate (mass ratio 9:1) to locally drip and spray on the surface of the morphology to be extracted for temporary shaping. After temporary shaping, the hardener can volatilize naturally without affecting the appearance of the extracted sample; when the morphology to be extracted is a stability problem display sample such as rammed pits, rammed layers, structural cracks, gullies, and basal erosion, use a protective film to wrap the sampling surface, and then use 1:1 AB self-defoaming silica gel or gypsum to seal the surface morphology of the rammed earth. After preparing the sealing solution, brush it on the surface of the protective film, and control the brushing thickness at about 2 cm, and let it stand for 6 hours to complete curing.

[0055] 7) Extract the morphological sample: Separate the rammed earth body to be extracted from the original rammed earth body structure.

[0056] 8) Package the morphological sample: Package the extracted morphological sample to prevent the morphological sample from being damaged due to vibration or displacement; after extracting the morphological sample, package the morphological sample, and the packaging of the morphological sample is to package the extracted surface morphological sample. After the surface morphology is extracted and separated from the wall, in order to prevent the vibration and displacement of the morphological sample from damaging the sample during the movement and transportation process, the extracted sample is packaged and fixed to create a safe and stable environment for the movement and transportation of the sample. Fix the support board for the extracted morphological sample, fix it with screws at the junction, and form a box support, that is, set cross bars between the surrounding wall panels and the wooden frame and fix them with bolts.

[0057] 9) Display of typical morphology: Control the temperature and humidity in the storage environment of the morphological sample.

[0058] As shown Figures 2 - 10 in the figure, the present invention provides a specific embodiment of a device for uncovering and displaying the typical morphological features of rammed earth sites indoors, including a sealing device 200, an uncovering device 300, and a sawing device 400.

[0059] The sealing device 200 includes a frame-shaped fixing plate 210 with openings at the front and rear, a front plate 211 detachably arranged on the front side of the fixing plate 210, and two shaft connectors 240 arranged side by side on the front plate 211. Each shaft connector 240 is provided with a T-shaped hole 241 in the vertical direction, and the horizontal part of the T-shaped hole 241 is longitudinally communicated with the front side wall of the shaft connector 240.

[0060] When performing the above step 5), the frame-shaped fixing plate 210 is embedded around the surface to be uncovered. At this time, the surface to be uncovered is located inside the fixing plate 210, and the excess rammed earth around the surface to be uncovered is cleaned. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate local unloading around the uncovering area and to facilitate the sealing and reinforcement of the rammed earth body to be uncovered, the front plate 211 is detachably arranged on the front side of the fixing plate 210. Specifically, as Figure 4 shown in the figure, protective members 220 are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the front plate 211 and the four corners of the fixing plate 210. The protective members 220 are adapted to the corresponding corners, and the protective members 220 are provided with bolts for connecting with the front plate 211 and the fixing plate 210. In this embodiment, the length and width of the fixing plate 210 are determined according to the size of the surface to be uncovered, that is, the length, width, and depth of the inner wall of the fixing plate 210 are slightly larger than the rammed earth body to be uncovered. After the fixing plate 210 is embedded in the surface to be uncovered, local unloading is performed on the left and right sides and the upper side of the surface to be uncovered, and the excess rammed earth is cleaned to facilitate the subsequent installation of the sawing device 400.

[0061] When completing the above step 6), the front plate 211 is installed on the front side of the fixing plate 210. When the sealing and reinforcement of the rammed earth body to be uncovered are completed, the front plate 211 is installed on the front side of the fixing plate 210. During installation, the gaps and depressions between the rammed earth body to be uncovered and the front plate 211 need to be filled. During the filling process, it is necessary to ensure that it is firm and full, but the pressure should not be too heavy to damage the morphology. Glass fiber cotton is padded according to the flatness of the sampling surface, that is, the uneven parts on the surface are filled with fibers to make the filled state fit the front wall plate for installation.

[0062] Further, the machine saw device 400 includes an outer bracket 410 in a right-angled n shape, and an inner bracket 430 in a right-angled n shape disposed inside the outer bracket 410. Both ends of the horizontal portion of the outer bracket 410 are respectively connected to both ends of the horizontal portion of the inner bracket 430 through servo cylinders 420. Control components are respectively arranged on the two vertical portions of the inner bracket 430. The control component includes a driving wheel 441 rotatably arranged outside the inner bracket 430 and a driven wheel 443. The driving wheel 441 and the corresponding driven wheel 443 are connected by a belt 442. A connecting rod 444 is rotatably arranged on one side end surface of the driven wheel 443. Fixed members 446 are respectively arranged on the two vertical portions of the inner bracket 430 in a transverse opposite manner. A moving member 445 is movably inserted through the fixed member 446 in the transverse direction. A moving groove 447 is formed on the side wall of the fixed member 446 opposite to the moving member 445. The inner end portion of the connecting rod 444 is rotatably connected to the moving member 445 through the moving groove 447. The rotating driven wheel 443 can control the moving member 445 to reciprocate transversely through the connecting rod 444. A long saw blade 448 is connected between the opposite moving members 445.

[0063] In the above step 7), the machine saw device 400 is placed between the rammed soil body to be removed and the original rammed soil body structure. Specifically, the outer bracket 410 is supported on the outside of the rammed soil body to be removed. At this time, the inner bracket 430 is located on both sides of the rammed soil body to be removed. The motor in the control component controls the driving wheel 441 to rotate, and the driving wheel 441 controls the driven wheel 443 to rotate through the belt 442. In the transverse direction, one end of the connecting rod 444 is located in the peripheral area of the driven wheel 443. Due to the rotation of the driven wheel 443, one end of the connecting rod 444 reciprocates left and right and up and down along the circumferential direction of the driven wheel 443. And due to the limitation of the fixed member 446, the other end of the connecting rod 444 moves left and right along the moving groove 447, thereby controlling the moving member 445 to reciprocate left and right inside the fixed member 446. The moving members 445 on the two control components in this embodiment cooperate with each other to reciprocate transversely, so that the long saw blade 448 between the moving members 445 runs left and right transversely, and then cuts the rammed soil body to be removed in the transverse direction. In the longitudinal direction, the servo cylinder 420 extends the telescopic arm downward to control the inner bracket 430 and the control component to move downward, thereby controlling the long saw blade 448 to move downward in the longitudinal direction. The machine saw device 400 in this embodiment cuts the rammed soil body to be removed in both the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, so that the rammed soil body to be removed is separated from the original rammed soil body structure, and the sampling block is supported on the bottom surface of the fixing plate 210.

[0064] In this embodiment, before the machine saw cuts, the dry density of the rammed earth in the sample uncovering area should be determined. Rammed earth with different dry densities represents rammed earth with different strengths. The cutting efficiency of the machine saw device 400 is measured by the average cutting thickness T and the average cutting depth D, and the different rotational speeds and saw tooth sizes are used as control indicators. Among them, the rotational speed indicator is controlled by the spindle speed n and the feed speed ; the saw tooth size indicator is controlled by the tooth pitch b and the tooth height h. According to the principle of equivalent cutting area, when the cutting length is L, the calculation formula for the average cutting thickness T of the machine saw device is: , and the calculation formula for the average cutting depth D is: . Where θ is the angle between the cutting thickness and the cutting depth. Before the machine saw cuts, the strength of different rammed earth bodies corresponds to different selected values of the cutting efficiency of the machine saw device 400, and the selected values of the cutting efficiency are shown in Table 1. Mechanical control can make the position, speed, punching force and swing of the saw blade strictly regulated, strictly control the punching position of the saw blade, avoid side deviation and swing, and at the same time, the selected saw blade should be appropriately thickened and widened. The long saw blade 448 in the machine saw device 400 moves back and forth longitudinally and transversely to cut off the soil body, so as to cut off the connection between the rear side of the sampling block and the original rammed earth body and separate the sampling block from the original rammed earth body.

[0065] Table 1 Technical Index Table of Cutting Efficiency

[0066]

[0067] The machine saw device 400 described in this embodiment is only applicable to cutting the sampling block to be taken from top to bottom. That is, the uncovering area in this embodiment is located on the side wall of the rammed earth body.

[0068] When performing the above step 2), in order to ensure the stability of the rammed earth body during the sampling process, the reinforcement measures taken in this embodiment also include the bracing device 100. The bracing device 100 includes a plurality of transverse circular wooden piles 110 arranged side by side in the up and down direction, and a plurality of longitudinal support wooden piles 120 arranged side by side in the transverse direction. The longitudinal support wooden piles 120 are detachably connected to the adjacent transverse circular wooden piles 110, and connection pads 130 are provided at the bottoms of at least two longitudinal support wooden piles 120. The suspicious movement area is located in the area covered by the transverse circular wooden piles 110. The longitudinal support wooden piles 120 are used to support the transverse circular wooden piles 110, and part of the connection pads 130 are buried below the ground for strengthening the support effect.

[0069] Further, the peeling device 300 includes a chassis 310, rotating wheels 320 provided on the bottom surface of the chassis 310, hydraulic support members 330 provided on the bottom surface of the chassis 310, a pair of lower guide rails 340 oppositely provided on the upper surface of the chassis 310, a peeling table 360 supported on the top of the chassis 310, a pair of upper guide rails oppositely provided on the lower surface of the peeling table 360, and a scissor lift 350 arranged between the lower guide rail 340 and the corresponding upper guide rail; one of the lifting rods at the lower end of the scissor lift 350 is rotatably connected to the lower guide rail 340, and the other lifting rod is slidably engaged with the lower chute 341 on the lower guide rail 340; one of the lifting rods at the upper end of the scissor lift 350 is rotatably connected to the upper guide rail, and the other lifting rod is slidably engaged with the upper chute on the upper guide rail; at least one hydraulic lifting rod 311 for controlling the lifting of the peeling table 360 is provided on the chassis 310; a movable loading platform 365 is slidably arranged on the peeling table 360, a control motor 363 for controlling the forward and backward movement of the movable loading platform 365 is provided on the peeling table 360, a part of the table surface of the movable loading platform 365 can extend out of the peeling table 360, a pair of chutes 367 are arranged on the movable loading platform 365 in the front-rear direction, a connecting seat 368 is slidably and limitedly arranged on each chute 367, a connecting shaft 366 is rotatably arranged on the connecting seat 368, a cross-shaped card portion 370 is provided at the free end of the connecting shaft 366, and each cross-shaped card portion 370 is respectively clamped and matched with the corresponding T-shaped hole 241.

[0070] Before performing the above step 7), in order to facilitate reducing disturbance damage to the sampled morphology after cutting during transportation, this embodiment further provides a peeling device 300. After the sawing device 400 is installed, the chassis 310 with the rotating wheel 320 is moved to the lower side of the side wall of the ramming soil body in the area to be peeled. After moving to a suitable position, the length of the telescopic arm of the hydraulic support 330 is controlled, and the rotating wheel 320 leaves the bottom surface, so that the chassis 310 is stably supported on the bottom surface; the scissor lift 350 is controlled to rise to the area to be peeled by controlling the telescopic amount of the hydraulic lift rod 311. When the scissor lift 350 rises, the other lift rod at the lower end of the scissor lift 350 is slidably engaged with the lower chute 341 on the lower guide rail 340 and gradually approaches one of the lift rods; similarly, the other lift rod at the upper end of the scissor lift 350 is slidably engaged with the upper chute on the upper guide rail and gradually approaches one of the lift rods. The control motor 363 controls the movable carrier 365 to move forward so that part of the table surface extends out of the peeling table 360, and the connecting seat 368 moves forward along the chute 367 until the cross card portion 370 on the connecting shaft 366 is embedded and fitted with the corresponding T-shaped hole 241. In this embodiment, the head and the cross part of the cross card portion 370 can be respectively embedded and fitted with the corresponding T-shaped hole 241, and the lower part of the cross card portion 370 is located at the position where the longitudinal part of the horizontal part of the T-shaped hole 241 communicates with the front side wall of the shaft connecting member 240. In this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the T-shaped hole 241 presents an arc-shaped hole adapted to the running track of the cross card portion 370.

[0071] After the sawing device 400 finishes cutting the ramming soil body to be peeled, the sampled block falls onto the bottom plate of the fixing plate 210. The connecting seat 368 is controlled to move backward on the chute 367, and the connecting shaft 366 drags the fixing plate 210 and the sampled block inside to move backward onto the movable carrier 365. The control motor 363 drags the movable carrier 365 to move backward above the peeling table 360. The scissor lift 350 is controlled to descend to the working height by controlling the telescopic amount of the hydraulic lift rod 311. When the scissor lift 350 descends, the other lift rod at the lower end of the scissor lift 350 is slidably engaged with the lower chute 341 on the lower guide rail 340 and gradually moves away from one of the lift rods; similarly, the other lift rod at the upper end of the scissor lift 350 is slidably engaged with the upper chute on the upper guide rail and gradually moves away from one of the lift rods. The fixing side plates of the sampled block are fixed with screws at the joints, and after forming the box side, a wooden frame is fixed, that is, cross bars are arranged between the surrounding side plates and the wooden frame and fixed with bolts. The peeling process should be carried out smoothly and not too fast, as it is easy to damage the morphology of the peeled sample. At the same time, since during peeling, in order to prevent the peeling table from warping and vibrating due to force and damaging the surface morphology in some specific embodiments of the present application, in some specific embodiments of the present application, the self-weight of the peeling table must be sufficient.

[0072] Further, at least one front strap connecting member 230 is provided on the outer side wall of the fixed plate 210 of the encapsulating device 200; three sides of the upper surface of the uncovering table 360 are surrounded by protective plates 361, and a rear strap connecting member 362 is provided on the protective plate 361 opposite to the movable loading platform 365. The front strap connecting member 230 and the rear strap connecting member 362 are connected by a strap. In order to improve the overall stability of the fixed plate 210 and the sampling block inside it during the downward movement of the uncovering table 360, after the control motor 363 drags the movable loading platform 365 backward to above the uncovering table 360, the rear strap connecting member 362 and the front strap connecting member 230 are connected by a strap to improve the movement stability of the fixed plate 210 with the sampling block. The protective plate 361 in this embodiment can protect the fixed plate 210 placed on the movable loading platform 365.

[0073] Further, in this embodiment, two rows of support guide rails 364 are arranged side by side at the bottom of the movable loading platform 365 along the front-back movement direction, and the uncovering table 360 is provided with sliding grooves that slidably cooperate with the support guide rails 364. In order to improve the sliding stability and smoothness of the movable loading platform 365 on the uncovering table 360, the movable loading platform 365 in this embodiment can slide along the sliding grooves through the support guide rails 364.

[0074] As Figures 8 - 10 shown, this embodiment further includes a display device 500. The display device 500 includes a sample display cabinet 510. A sample display table 520 is slidably arranged in the sample display cabinet 510. A transparent display board 540 is hingedly arranged at the top of the sample display cabinet 510 opposite to the sample display table 520. The sample display table 520 can reciprocally slide out through the outlet corresponding to the transparent display board 540. The sample display cabinet 510 and the transparent display board 540 in this embodiment are used to display the sampling block (the typical morphological sample uncovered from the rammed earth site), and the sample display table 520 is used to place the sampling block. Preferably, a handle 530 is provided on the front side of the sample display table 520, which can facilitate the sliding out of the sample display table 520 through the handle 530.

[0075] Further preferably, one side of the sample display cabinet 510 is provided with a constant temperature and humidity control room 550. A first exhaust - extraction fan group 560 and a second exhaust - extraction fan group 570 are arranged in the constant temperature and humidity control room 550. The first exhaust - extraction fan group 560 includes a first U - shaped tube 563, a first extraction fan 561 with a motor, and a first exhaust fan 562. The first extraction fan 561 and the first exhaust fan 562 are respectively located at both ends of the first U - shaped tube 563, and both ends of the first U - shaped tube 563 are respectively communicated with the internal environment of the sample display cabinet 510. A desiccant is arranged in the first U - shaped tube 563; the second exhaust - extraction fan group 570 includes a second U - shaped tube, a second extraction fan with a motor, and a second exhaust fan. The second extraction fan and the second exhaust fan are respectively located at both ends of the second U - shaped tube, and both ends of the second U - shaped tube are respectively communicated with the internal environment of the sample display cabinet 510. A humidifier is arranged in the second U - shaped tube; a humidity sensor 554 is arranged on the side wall of the constant temperature and humidity control room 550. In this embodiment, the humidity sensor 554 detects the environmental humidity information inside the sample display cabinet 510. After the humidity sensor 554 transmits the environmental humidity information to the control unit, the control unit judges by the real - time environmental humidity information. When it is determined that the environmental humidity is low, the control unit controls the second extraction fan, the second exhaust fan and the humidifier in the second exhaust - extraction fan group 570 to operate. After the second extraction fan extracts the air inside the sample display cabinet 510 into the second U - shaped tube, the air is humidified by the humidifier, and then the humidified air is sent back into the sample display cabinet 510 by the second exhaust fan to increase the environmental humidity; the control unit judges by the real - time environmental humidity information. When it is determined that the environmental humidity is appropriate, the control unit stops the operation of the second exhaust - extraction fan group 570. Similarly, when the environmental humidity is high, the control unit controls the first extraction fan 561 and the first exhaust fan 562 in the first exhaust - extraction fan group 560 to operate. After the first extraction fan 561 extracts the air inside the sample display cabinet 510 into the first U - shaped tube, the air is dried by the desiccant, and then the dried air is sent back into the sample display cabinet 510 by the first exhaust fan 562 to reduce the environmental humidity; the control unit judges by the real - time environmental humidity information. When it is determined that the environmental humidity is appropriate, the control unit stops the continuous operation of the first exhaust - extraction fan group 560.

[0076] Preferably, a temperature sensor 553, a heating wire 555, and a vortex tube cold air outlet 556 are respectively provided on the side wall of the constant temperature and humidity control chamber 550. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 553 is used to detect the ambient temperature information inside the sample display cabinet 510. After the temperature sensor transmits the ambient temperature information to the control unit in real time, the control unit judges the real-time ambient temperature. When it is determined that the ambient temperature is low, the control unit controls the heating wire 555 to heat the ambient air to increase the ambient temperature; by judging the real-time ambient temperature information, when it is determined that the ambient temperature is appropriate, the control unit controls the heating wire 555 to stop heating. Similarly, when the ambient temperature is high, the control unit controls the operation of the vortex tube cold air outlet 556, and the vortex tube in the vortex tube cold air outlet 556 conveys low-temperature air into the sample display cabinet 510 to reduce the ambient temperature; by judging the real-time ambient temperature information, when it is determined that the ambient temperature is appropriate, the control unit controls the vortex tube cold air outlet 556 to stop operating.

[0077] The constant temperature and humidity control chamber 550 in this embodiment is used to control the display environment inside the sample display cabinet 510, so that the storage environment of the stored sampling block matches the original rammed soil environment.

[0078] Preferably, as Figures 9 - 10 shown, a sample information display area 551 and a temperature and humidity display 552 are provided on the front side of the constant temperature and humidity control chamber 550. In this embodiment, the sample information display area 551 specifically displays relevant information such as the source and parameters of the sampling block (typical morphological sample extracted from the rammed earth site), and the temperature and humidity display 552 displays the ambient temperature and humidity inside the sample display cabinet 510 in real time.

[0079] Furthermore, support rods 511 are respectively hingedly provided at both ends of the sample display table 520 close to the outside, and the upright support rods 511 can be supported and cooperated with the transparent display board 540. Preferably, both ends of the sample display table 520 respectively have installation grooves 512 for accommodating and cooperating with the support rods 511, and the hinged ends of the support rods 511 are located inside the installation grooves 512. When the sample display table 520 is pulled out, in order to facilitate the placement or replacement of the sampling block (typical morphological sample extracted from the rammed earth site), the support rod 511 rotates along the hinged end to an upright state and is supported and cooperated with the transparent display board 540; after the placement or replacement of the sampling block is completed, the support rod 511 rotates along the hinged end into the installation groove 512 and is received in the installation groove 512, and then the sample display table 520 is pushed back into the sample display cabinet 510 to close the transparent display board 540.

[0080] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present disclosure. Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A peeling and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites, characterized in that, It includes an encapsulation device (200), a peeling device (300), and a sawing device (400); The encapsulation device (200) includes a frame-shaped fixing plate (210) with openings at the front and back, a front plate (211) detachably arranged on the front side of the fixing plate (210), two shaft connectors (240) arranged side by side on the front plate (211), and a T-shaped hole (241) is formed in each shaft connector (240) in the up-and-down direction. The horizontal part of the T-shaped hole (241) is longitudinally communicated with the front side wall of the shaft connector (240); The peeling device (300) includes a chassis (310), rotating wheels (320) arranged on the bottom surface of the chassis (310), hydraulic support members (330) arranged on the bottom surface of the chassis (310), a pair of lower guide rails (340) oppositely arranged on the upper surface of the chassis (310), a peeling table (360) supported on the top of the chassis (310), a pair of upper guide rails oppositely arranged on the lower surface of the peeling table (360), and a scissor lift (350) is arranged between the lower guide rail (340) and the corresponding upper guide rail; One of the lifting rods at the lower end of the scissor lift (350) is rotatably connected to the lower guide rail (340), and the other lifting rod is slidably engaged with the lower chute (341) on the lower guide rail (340); One of the lifting rods at the upper end of the scissor lift (350) is rotatably connected to the upper guide rail, and the other lifting rod is slidably engaged with the upper chute on the upper guide rail; At least one hydraulic lifting rod (311) for controlling the lifting of the peeling table (360) is arranged on the chassis (310); A movable loading table (365) is slidably arranged on the peeling table (360), a control motor (363) for controlling the front and back movement of the movable loading table (365) is arranged on the peeling table (360), a part of the table surface of the movable loading table (365) can extend out of the peeling table (360), a pair of chutes (367) are arranged on the movable loading table (365) in the front and back directions, a connecting seat (368) is slidably and limitedly arranged on each chute (367), a connecting shaft (366) is rotatably arranged on the connecting seat (368), a cross-shaped card portion (370) is arranged at the free end of the connecting shaft (366), and each cross-shaped card portion (370) is respectively clamped and matched with the corresponding T-shaped hole (241); The described sawing machine device (400) includes an outer bracket (410) in a right-angled n shape, and an inner bracket (430) in a right-angled n shape arranged inside the outer bracket (410). Both ends of the horizontal part of the outer bracket (410) are respectively connected to both ends of the horizontal part of the inner bracket (430) through servo electric cylinders (420). Control components are respectively arranged on the two vertical parts of the inner bracket (430); the control components include a driving wheel (441) and a driven wheel (443) rotatably arranged outside the inner bracket (430). A belt (442) is connected between the driving wheel (441) and the corresponding driven wheel (443). A connecting rod (444) is rotatably arranged on one side end face of the driven wheel (443); on the two vertical parts of the inner bracket (430), fixing parts (446) are respectively arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction. A moving part (445) is movably inserted through the fixing part (446) in the horizontal direction. A moving groove (447) is formed on the side wall of the fixing part (446) opposite to the moving part (445). The inner end of the connecting rod (444) is rotatably connected to the moving part (445) through the moving groove (447). The rotating driven wheel (443) can control the moving part (445) to reciprocate in the horizontal direction through the connecting rod (444). A long saw blade (448) is connected between the opposite moving parts (445).

2. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a display device (500). The display device (500) includes a sample display cabinet (510). A sample display table (520) is slidably arranged in the sample display cabinet (510). A transparent display board (540) is hinged to the top of the sample display cabinet (510) opposite to the sample display table (520). The sample display table (520) can reciprocally slide in and out through the outlet corresponding to the transparent display board (540).

3. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a bracing device (100). The bracing device (100) includes a plurality of horizontal circular wooden piles (110) arranged side by side in the vertical direction, and a plurality of vertical support wooden piles (120) arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. The vertical support wooden piles (120) are detachably connected to the adjacent horizontal circular wooden piles (110). Connection pads (130) are arranged at the bottoms of at least two vertical support wooden piles (120).

4. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one front strap connecting piece (230) is arranged on the outer side wall of the fixing plate (210) of the enclosing device (200); the upper surface of the picking table (360) is surrounded by guard plates (361) on three sides. A rear strap connecting piece (362) is arranged on the guard plate (361) opposite to the movable loading platform (365). The front strap connecting piece (230) and the rear strap connecting piece (362) are connected by a strap.

5. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two rows of support guide rails (364) are arranged side by side at the bottom of the movable loading platform (365) along the front-back moving direction. The picking table (360) has a sliding groove that slidably cooperates with the support guide rails (364).

6. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 2, characterized in that, One side of the sample display cabinet (510) is provided with a constant temperature and humidity control room (550). A first exhaust - extraction fan group (560) and a second exhaust - extraction fan group (570) are arranged in the constant temperature and humidity control room (550). The first exhaust - extraction fan group (560) includes a first U - shaped tube (563), a first extraction fan (561) with a motor, and a first exhaust fan (562). The first extraction fan (561) and the first exhaust fan (562) are respectively located at both ends of the first U - shaped tube (563), and both ends of the first U - shaped tube (563) are respectively communicated with the internal environment of the sample display cabinet (510). A desiccant is arranged in the first U - shaped tube (563). The second exhaust - extraction fan group (570) includes a second U - shaped tube, a second extraction fan with a motor, and a second exhaust fan. The second extraction fan and the second exhaust fan are respectively located at both ends of the second U - shaped tube, and both ends of the second U - shaped tube are respectively communicated with the internal environment of the sample display cabinet (510). A humidifier is arranged in the second U - shaped tube. A humidity sensor (554) is arranged on the side wall of the constant temperature and humidity control room (550).

7. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 6, characterized in that, A temperature sensor (553), a heating wire (555), and an eddy current tube cold air outlet (556) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the constant temperature and humidity control room (550).

8. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sample information display area (551) and a temperature and humidity display (552) are arranged on the front side of the constant temperature and humidity control room (550).

9. The uncovering and display device for indoor display of typical morphological features of rammed earth sites according to claim 6, wherein, Support rods (511) are respectively hinged at both ends of the sample display stand (520) close to the outside. The upright support rods (511) can support and cooperate with the transparent display board (540).

Images