Fuel cell box, fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fuel cell box, a fuel cell system and a vehicle to solve the problem of using desiccant to remove water in the prior art, and frequently replacing the desiccant affects the sealing performance; the fuel cell box includes a shell, a water-gas separation component, an injection component, a guide part and a water storage device, and the shell is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port; the water-gas separation component is tilted in the inner cavity of the shell to separate the inner cavity of the shell into a receiving cavity and an exhaust cavity; the injection component is located in the inner cavity of the shell and is provided with an injection channel and an injection hole; the guide part is located at the lower end of the water-gas separation component; the water storage device is located outside the shell and is connected to the guide part. In the present invention, water vapor and water droplets are driven to fall by gas, and water vapor separation is achieved under the action of the water-gas separation room, and water and gas are processed separately. This process is a dynamic processing process, and there is no need to replace the desiccant, so it will not affect the sealing performance of the fuel cell box, and ensure that the fuel cell has good performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a fuel cell box, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a power supply device that includes a battery stack and a shell. The battery stack is located inside the shell. The air entering the anode and cathode of the battery stack undergoes an electrochemical reaction with hydrogen to generate electricity, which is then used to generate electricity for the vehicle. The shell is generally made of metal materials such as stainless steel, which can protect the battery stack from damage caused by impact and from interference from external water and dust. Therefore, the metal shell is a key component in protecting the fuel cell.

[0003] However, during the power generation process of the battery stack, the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel often set back pressure during the reaction, causing the internal pressure of the battery stack to be greater than the external pressure. Therefore, over time, a small amount of water vapor generated inside the battery stack will leak into the closed space between the battery stack and the shell. The leaked water vapor will condense into small water droplets when it cools and adhere to the shell or the battery stack, causing short circuits and other faults, thus turning into a safety hazard.

[0004] In the prior art, desiccant is used to remove moisture from a closed space. This desiccant removal device requires regular replacement of the desiccant, which reduces the sealing of the closed space for the sealed box, making it easy for water and dust to leak in, causing damage such as a short circuit in the fuel cell stack.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fuel cell with good sealing performance and water removal capability. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fuel cell housing, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, which can remove water between the fuel cell housing and the fuel cell stack and have good sealing performance.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: On the one hand, the present invention provides a fuel cell box, comprising:

[0008] A housing having an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0009] a water-gas separation member, obliquely disposed in the inner cavity of the shell, the water-gas separation member contacts the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, so as to separate the inner cavity of the shell into an accommodating cavity for placing a fuel cell stack and an exhaust cavity communicated with the exhaust port;

[0010] An injection member is located in the inner cavity of the shell and is provided with an injection channel connected to the air inlet and an injection hole connected to the injection channel;

[0011] A flow guide portion, disposed at the lower end of the water-gas separation element;

[0012] The water storage device is located outside the shell and is communicated with the flow guide part.

[0013] In some embodiments, the water-gas separator is inclined along the length and / or width direction of the fuel cell stack.

[0014] In some embodiments, the water-gas separator is V-shaped, and the bottom of the water-gas separator is inclined along the length direction of the fuel cell stack.

[0015] In some embodiments, a collecting groove is provided at the bending portion of the V-shaped water-gas separation element.

[0016] In some embodiments, the flow guide portion includes a flow guide groove and a flow guide pipe that are connected, the water storage device is a water seal tank, and the flow guide pipe extends into the water seal tank;

[0017] The guide groove is connected to the lower end of the guide part and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, or the lower end of the water-gas separation element is provided with a groove, and the groove constitutes the guide part.

[0018] In some embodiments, the jet mechanism is a serpentine jet tube, the lumen of the serpentine jet tube constitutes the jet channel, one end of the serpentine jet tube is connected to the air inlet of the shell, and the other end is closed.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0020] The aforementioned fuel cell housing;

[0021] A fuel cell stack is disposed in the accommodating cavity and is located between the jet component and the water-gas separation component. An air supply module of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the exhaust port of the shell.

[0022] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system further comprises a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity of the space between the housing and the fuel cell stack;

[0023] The fuel cell system comprises a humidifier connected to the water storage device, the cavity wall of the exhaust cavity is provided with a recess, and the humidifier is located in the recess; or,

[0024] The angle between the water-gas separation element and the end surface of the fuel cell stack is 2-5°.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0026] Car body,

[0027] In the aforementioned fuel cell system, the air inlet of the shell is connected to the compressor of the vehicle body through a pipeline with an electric control valve.

[0028] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system further includes a sensor for detecting the insulation resistance of the fuel cell stack, and the electronically controlled valve and the sensor are both electrically connected to a controller of the vehicle body.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0030] A fuel cell box body provided by the present invention has an air inlet in the shell, through which dry gas can be introduced. The dry gas moves along the jet channel of the jet component and is sprayed from the jet hole of the jet component. The sprayed gas can bring water vapor between the shell and the fuel cell stack and moisture on the inner wall of the shell to the surface of the water vapor separation component. The water vapor separation component can intercept moisture. The intercepted moisture moves to the lower end of the water vapor separation component along the inclined water vapor separation component under the action of gravity, and then moves from the guide part to the water storage device. The water vapor separation component can pass gas, and the permeated gas enters the exhaust chamber and is discharged along the exhaust port on the shell.

[0031] Since the gas is used to drive water vapor and water droplets to fall, water vapor separation is achieved in the water vapor separation room and the water and gas are treated separately. This process is a dynamic treatment process and does not require desiccant replacement. Therefore, it will not affect the sealing performance of the fuel cell box, thereby ensuring that the fuel cell has good performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a water-gas separation element according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0034] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the injection components in the fuel cell module.

[0035] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the jet parts.

[0036] Figure 5 Shown with Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cover body of the shell body.

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Figure 7 A flow circuit diagram of water in a water storage device, a driving mechanism, a humidifier, and a fuel cell stack is shown.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 100 - shell, 110 - cover, 120 - main body, 130 - accommodating chamber, 140 - exhaust chamber, 150 - wiring port, 200 - water-gas separation element, 210 - collecting groove, 300 - injection element, 410 - guide groove, 500 - water storage device, 600 - driving mechanism, 700 - humidifier, 800 - fuel cell stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical solution of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In the related art, desiccant is used to absorb moisture in a closed space, and the desiccant needs to be replaced after being saturated with water. Frequent disassembly and assembly of the fuel cell will affect the sealing performance and reduce the performance of the fuel cell.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell box, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, which utilize gas and water vapor separation components to collect and separate water vapor between the shell and the fuel cell stack and water droplets on the inner wall of the shell. This is dynamic water removal, does not require disassembly of the fuel cell, and does not affect the sealing performance.

[0044] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell housing that can remove water between the housing and the fuel cell stack to ensure good performance of the fuel cell.

[0045] Please combine Figure 1 as well as Figure 6 The battery case provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a shell 100, a water-gas separator 200, an injection component 300, a guide part and a water storage device 500, wherein the shell is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port; the water-gas separator 200 is tiltedly arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 100 to achieve the convergence of the retained water, and the water-gas separator 200 contacts the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 130 to separate the inner cavity of the shell 100 into the accommodating cavity 130 for placing the fuel cell stack 800 and the exhaust cavity 140 connected to the exhaust port; the injection component 300 is located in the inner cavity of the shell 100, and the injection component 300 is provided with an injection channel connected to the air inlet and an injection hole connected to the injection channel; the guide part is arranged at the lower end of the water-gas separator 200; the water storage device 500 is located outside the shell 100, and the water storage device 500 is connected to the guide part.

[0046] The shell 100 is provided with an air inlet, through which dry gas can be introduced. The dry gas moves along the jet channel of the jet component 300 and is ejected from the jet hole of the jet component 300. The ejected gas can carry the water vapor between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800 and the moisture on the inner wall of the shell 100 downward to the surface of the water vapor separator 200 in the accommodating cavity 130. The water vapor separator 200 can intercept moisture. The water vapor separator 200 is tilted in the inner cavity of the shell 100, so the intercepted moisture moves to the lower end of the water vapor separator 200 under the action of gravity. The guide part is arranged at the lower end of the water vapor separator 200, so the moisture flows into the guide part from the bottom and then moves to the water storage device 500. The water vapor separator 200 can pass gas, and the permeated gas enters the exhaust cavity 140 and is discharged along the exhaust port on the shell 100.

[0047] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The water-gas separator 200 is inclined along the length and / or width direction of the fuel cell stack 800, that is, the water-gas separator 200 is inclined along the length direction of the fuel cell stack 800, or the water-gas separator 200 is inclined along the width direction of the fuel cell stack 800, or the water-gas separator 200 is inclined along both the length and width directions of the fuel cell stack 800, so that the water intercepted by the water-gas separator 200 can be gathered under the action of its own weight.

[0048] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 2 The water vapor separator 200 is V-shaped, and the bottom of the water vapor separator 200 is inclined along the length direction of the fuel cell stack 800, that is, the water intercepted by the V-shaped water vapor separator 200 flows along the bottom. In other embodiments, the water vapor separator 200 can also be trumpet-shaped with a large mouth facing upward.

[0049] In some embodiments, please continue to combine Figure 2 A collecting groove 210 is provided at the bending portion of the V-shaped water-gas separation element 200, and the notch of the collecting groove 210 faces the accommodating cavity 130. The collecting groove 210 can be inclined along the length direction of the fuel cell stack 800, or along the width direction of the fuel cell stack 800, or along the length and width directions of the fuel cell stack 800.

[0050] In some embodiments, the water-gas separation element 200 includes a water-gas separation membrane and a support structure, and the water-gas separation membrane is connected to the inner wall of the housing 100 through the support structure. The water-gas separation membrane can pass air but is impermeable to water, which is commonly known as a waterproof and breathable membrane, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The support structure can be a frame, and the water-gas separation membrane is connected to the inner wall of the housing 100 through the frame. In other embodiments, the support structure can also be a clip connected to the inner wall of the housing 100, and the water-gas separation membrane is fixed by the clip. In order to improve the effect of removing moisture between the housing 100 and the fuel cell stack 800, in this embodiment, the surroundings of the water-gas separation element 200 are in contact with the inner wall of the housing 100, so that the water droplets on the inner wall of the housing 100 are all intercepted to the upper surface of the water-gas separation element 200.

[0051] When the water-gas separation element 200 is V-shaped, two support frames are provided, the two support frames are connected, the two support frames are arranged at an angle, and each support frame is connected to a water-gas separation membrane. In other embodiments, the two support frames may be an integrated structure.

[0052] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 1 , the flow guide portion includes a connected flow guide groove 410 and a flow guide pipe (not shown in the figure), the flow guide groove 410 is connected to the lower end of the flow guide and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 130, the water storage device 500 is a water seal tank, and the flow guide pipe extends into the water seal tank. The flow guide groove 410 can be arranged along the width direction of the fuel cell stack 800, the flow guide groove 410 is connected to the collecting groove 210, and the flow guide groove 410 is arranged obliquely, so that the water in the flow guide groove 410 can flow into the flow guide pipe under the action of its own weight, and the water in the flow guide pipe flows into the water seal tank. The fuel cell module itself is provided with a water seal tank, which can directly guide the water in the collecting groove 210 to the water seal tank of the fuel cell module. The water seal tank is to add water into the water storage tank, and the flow guide pipe extends below the liquid level. The setting of the water seal tank can ensure the sealing performance of the fuel cell box body and prevent air from being discharged from the flow guide pipe. The height of the water storage device 500 is lower than the height of the box body, so that water can automatically flow into the water seal tank.

[0053] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 1 The guide groove 410 is connected to the lower end of the guide part and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 130, or the lower end of the water vapor separator 200 is provided with a groove, and the groove constitutes the guide part, that is, the guide part and the water vapor separator 200 are an integrated structure.

[0054] In some embodiments, a liquid level sensor for detecting the liquid level is provided in the water seal tank. When the liquid level in the water seal tank is too high, the liquid is discharged in time. When the liquid level in the water seal tank is too low, the water seal tank is stopped from draining water outward.

[0055] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 as well as Figure 4The jet mechanism is a serpentine jet pipe, the lumen of which constitutes a jet channel, one end of which is connected to the air inlet of the housing 100, and the other end is closed. The serpentine jet pipe is provided with a plurality of jet holes, and the plurality of jet holes are evenly spaced and distributed on one side of the serpentine jet pipe close to the fuel cell stack 800, so that the dry air is evenly diffused in the accommodating cavity 130 to every corner of the accommodating cavity 130, thereby improving the dewatering efficiency. The serpentine jet pipe is connected to the housing 100 by bolts. In other embodiments, the jet mechanism may also be provided with a serpentine jet channel, one end of which is connected to the air inlet of the housing 100, and the other end is closed.

[0056] In some embodiments, the gas source may be nitrogen, for example, provided by a nitrogen bottle, or air, which is not limited in the present application.

[0057] In some embodiments, the housing 100 can protect the internal fuel cell stack 800 and prevent the stack from being deformed and causing irreversible damage in a collision accident. Figure 1 as well as Figure 5 The housing 100 includes a body 120 and a cover 110. The body 120 is provided with an inner cavity, and the cover 110 is detachably connected to the body 120. Specifically, the cover 110 is connected to the body 120 by bolts. The housing 100 can be made of stainless steel material, and the housing 100 is provided with a wiring port 150 for connecting the wiring harness required for the fuel cell power supply and the gas supply pipeline of the fuel cell.

[0058] The housing 100 is provided with two joints which respectively constitute an air inlet and an air outlet. Two rubber tubes are provided for letting in air. The two rubber tubes are respectively connected to the two joints through clamps to improve the sealing performance of the housing 100 .

[0059] Based on the same technical concept as the first aspect, in the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system that can stably remove water between the housing 100 and the fuel cell stack 800 .

[0060] The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell box and a fuel cell stack 800 of the first aspect. The fuel cell stack 800 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 130 and is located between the injection component 300 and the water-gas separation component 200. The air supply module of the fuel cell stack 800 is connected to the exhaust port of the shell 100.

[0061] The fuel cell stack 800 of the fuel cell system generates water vapor during operation. The water vapor meets the shell 100 with a lower temperature to form water droplets attached to the inner wall of the shell 100. In this way, water vapor will be filled between the fuel cell stack 800 and the shell 100, and water droplets will be attached to the inner wall of the shell 100. The jet component 300 is located on the side of the fuel cell stack 800 away from the water vapor separator 200, and dry gas can be sprayed from the jet component 300 to the fuel cell stack 800. Under the action of the airflow, the water vapor moves toward the water vapor separator 200, and gradually cools down and condenses. The water droplets on the inner wall of the shell 100 drip downward as they gather under the action of gravity. The water droplets and condensed water will reach the surface of the water vapor separator 200 and be intercepted. The intercepted water converges on the inclined water vapor separator under the action of its own weight and is discharged into the water seal tank along the guide portion; the gas passes through the water vapor separator 200 to reach the exhaust chamber 140 and is discharged through the exhaust port of the shell 100.

[0062] In order to realize the reuse of the water collected in the water storage device 500, in some embodiments, please combine Figure 7 The fuel cell system includes a humidifier 700 connected to the water storage device 500. The humidifier 700 is located outside the housing 100. Water can flow into the humidifier 700 to humidify the hydrogen and air used by the fuel cell.

[0063] In order to provide power for the water movement in the water storage device 500, in some embodiments, please continue to combine Figure 7 The fuel cell system includes a driving mechanism 600 located between the water storage device 500 and the humidifier 700, and the driving mechanism 600 can be a power pump. In other embodiments, the fuel cell system also includes a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity of the enclosed space between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800, and determines whether to pass gas to perform water storage operations by detecting the humidity of the enclosed space between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800. For example, when the humidity is greater than the target value, gas is fed into the jet channel to remove water from the enclosed space; when the humidity does not exceed the target value, the gas is stopped from being fed into the jet channel, and no water removal operation is required. The water removal is intelligent and energy-saving.

[0064] When the angle between the water vapor separator 200 and the horizontal plane is relatively large, for example, when the angle is 15-30°, in order to improve the space utilization, in some embodiments, the cavity wall of the exhaust cavity 140 is provided with a depression, and the humidifier 700 is located in the depression. Figure 6The angle between the water-gas separator 200 and the end face of the fuel cell stack is 2-5°, that is, the angle between the water-gas separator 200 and the horizontal plane is 2-5°, which can not only achieve water confluence, but also reduce the size of the exhaust cavity 140 and improve space utilization. When the angle between the water-gas separator 200 and the horizontal plane is 2-5°, the exhaust cavity 140 can be used to place the wiring harness, further improving space utilization.

[0065] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and the fuel cell system of the second aspect. The air inlet of the housing 100 is connected to the compressor of the vehicle body through a pipeline with an electric control valve, and the dry air provided by the compressor of the vehicle body itself can be used as an air source, without the need to add an additional air source to provide dry air, saving space for layout; and the dry air provided by the compressor has a high pressure, which can quickly drop water vapor and water belts onto the water-gas separation element 200, without the need for additional power provided by the power battery.

[0066] Since the water vapor leaked from the fuel cell stack 800 is relatively small, in some embodiments, the air flow rate at the air inlet of the housing 100 is 1-3L / min, for example, 2L / min, which can achieve the removal of liquid water and gaseous water between the housing 100 and the fuel cell stack 800; at the same time, the air flow rate in this range will not affect the air supply of the fuel cell module, and the water removal work and the fuel cell power generation work can be carried out simultaneously without affecting each other. In order to monitor and adjust the air flow rate at the air inlet of the housing 100, in some embodiments, a flow meter and an electrically controlled proportional regulating valve can also be set at the air inlet of the housing 100 to detect the gas flow entering the jet channel and adjust the gas flow in the jet channel.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system further includes a resistance sensor for detecting the insulation resistance of the fuel cell stack 800. The electric control valve and the resistance sensor are both electrically connected to the controller of the vehicle body. By detecting the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell stack 800, it is determined whether the electric control valve needs to be opened or closed, thereby determining whether water removal is required.

[0068] Specifically, when the resistance value detected by the resistance sensor is greater than the set value, it means that the fuel cell stack 800 in the housing 100 is working normally and no water removal is required, and the controller controls the electronically controlled valve to be in a closed state; when the resistance value detected by the resistance sensor does not exceed the set value, it means that the fuel cell stack 800 in the housing 100 has leaked a lot of water, affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell stack 800, and the controller controls the electronically controlled valve to open, and the dry crystallized air generated by the compressor enters the jet mechanism to perform water removal. In some embodiments, the set value can be 1-3MΩ, for example, the set value is 2MΩ, 1.5MΩ or 2.5MΩ.

[0069] In some embodiments, the liquid level sensor, the electric proportional control valve and the humidity sensor are all electrically connected to the controller to control the opening and closing of the air inlet into the housing 100 to achieve the purpose of intelligent dehumidification.

[0070] Taking the dry gas as compressed air as an example, the water removal control process of the fuel cell system provided in this application is as follows:

[0071] Step 1: Obtain the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell stack 800 and the humidity of the closed space between the housing 100 and the fuel cell stack 800 .

[0072] Step 2: When the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell stack 800 is greater than the set value or the humidity of the enclosed space between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800 is greater than the target value, the electronically controlled valve is opened to allow the dry and clean air compressed by the compressor to enter the jet channel to dehydrate the enclosed space; when the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell stack 800 does not exceed the set value and the humidity of the enclosed space between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800 is not greater than the target value, the electronically controlled valve is closed to stop dehydrating the enclosed space.

[0073] The above-mentioned control method is stored in the controller of the vehicle body in the form of a computer program. The controller obtains the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell stack 800 and the humidity of the enclosed space between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800, and based on the program judgment, controls the opening and closing of the electric control valve according to the comparison result of the insulation resistance value with the set value and the comparison result of the enclosed space humidity with the target value to realize the conduction or closing of the jet channel.

[0074] The fuel cell box, fuel cell system and vehicle provided by the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0075] (1) In the present invention, water vapor and water droplets are driven to fall by gas, and water vapor separation is achieved in the water vapor separation room, and the water and gas are treated separately. This process is a dynamic treatment process and does not require desiccant replacement. Therefore, it will not affect the sealing performance of the fuel cell box, thereby ensuring that the fuel cell has good performance.

[0076] (2) Only two joints are required on the shell 100, and the rubber tube is clamped by a clamp to ensure the sealing of the original shell 100 without destroying the original waterproof and dustproof function of the shell 100; except for corrosion and damage, the rubber tube does not need to be replaced under normal circumstances, which can greatly save costs and is more practical.

[0077] (3) The air source comes from the car's own air compressor, and the air consumption is small, which will not increase the overall additional power of the car.

[0078] (4) A humidity sensor is provided to detect the humidity between the housing 100 and the fuel cell stack 800, control the air entering the housing 100, and perform intelligent dehumidification to protect the fuel cell stack 800 from the risk of short circuit.

[0079] (5) The connection operation is easy, no sophisticated equipment is required, and no periodic material replacement is required.

[0080] (6) Whether the moisture inside the shell 100 is too high can be judged by the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell stack 800 and the humidity of the closed space between the shell 100 and the fuel cell stack 800. This is intelligent, convenient and highly accurate.

[0081] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0082] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fuel cell box, characterized in that: include: A housing having an air inlet and an air outlet; a water-gas separation member, obliquely disposed in the inner cavity of the shell, the water-gas separation member contacts the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity to separate the inner cavity of the shell into an accommodating cavity for placing a fuel cell stack and an exhaust cavity communicated with the exhaust port, the water-gas separation member comprises a support structure and a water-gas separation membrane, the water-gas separation membrane is connected to the inner wall of the shell through the support structure, so as to intercept moisture and permeate gas; An injection member is located in the inner cavity of the shell, the fuel cell stack is located between the injection member and the water-gas separation member, and the injection member is provided with an injection channel connected to the air inlet and an injection hole connected to the injection channel, so that the injected gas can bring the water vapor between the shell and the fuel cell stack and the water on the inner wall of the shell downward to the surface of the water-gas separation member; A flow guide portion, disposed at the lower end of the water-gas separation element; The water storage device is located outside the shell and is communicated with the flow guide part.

2. The fuel cell box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-gas separator is inclined along the length and / or width direction of the fuel cell stack.

3. The fuel cell box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-gas separation element is V-shaped, and the bottom of the water-gas separation element is inclined along the length direction of the fuel cell stack.

4. The fuel cell box according to claim 3, characterized in that: A collecting groove is provided at the bending portion of the V-shaped water-gas separation element.

5. The fuel cell box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow guide portion includes a flow guide groove and a flow guide pipe which are connected to each other, the water storage device is a water seal tank, and the flow guide pipe extends into the water seal tank; The guide groove is connected to the lower end of the guide part and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, or the lower end of the water-gas separation element is provided with a groove, and the groove constitutes the guide part.

6. The fuel cell box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The jet component is a serpentine jet pipe, the lumen of which constitutes the jet channel, one end of which is connected to the air inlet of the shell, and the other end of which is closed.

7. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: The fuel cell box according to any one of claims 1 to 6; A fuel cell stack is disposed in the accommodating cavity and is located between the jet component and the water-gas separation component. An air supply module of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the exhaust port of the shell.

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fuel cell system further comprises a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity of the space between the housing and the fuel cell stack; The fuel cell system comprises a humidifier connected to the water storage device, the cavity wall of the exhaust cavity is provided with a recess, and the humidifier is located in the recess; or, The angle between the water-gas separation element and the end surface of the fuel cell stack is 2-5°.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Car body, In the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 7 to 8, the air inlet of the shell is connected to the compressor of the vehicle body through a pipeline with an electric control valve.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that The fuel cell system further includes a resistance sensor for detecting the insulation resistance of the fuel cell stack, and the electric control valve and the resistance sensor are both electrically connected to the controller of the vehicle body.

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