A mobile indoor simulation test method for underwater layered hydraulic fill construction

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mobile underwater layered hydraulic fill construction indoor simulation test method, comprising: step (1) by input module design key test parameters;Step (2) by input module setting water depth, speed and wave conditions;Step (3) by management module mixes uniform mud;Step (4) by management module starts first layer mobile hydraulic fill;Step (5) by management module completes first layer mobile hydraulic fill;Step (6) by management module repeats step (4)-(5);Step (7) by measuring system measures hydraulic fill test characteristic parameter;Step (8) clears up water tank test area silt. Various key construction parameters are adjusted, and multi-layer repeated mobile construction simulation technology is realized, which provides an effective means for in-depth study of high-precision layered hydraulic fill technology, improvement of construction efficiency and management quality.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application 2022106235908, "A mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation device". Technical Field

[0002] This invention belongs to the field of indoor simulation test of hydraulic reclamation construction. Background Technology

[0003] With the rapid development of dredging and reclamation projects, the demands and limitations on construction conditions are constantly increasing. Currently, the commonly used direct reclamation method in China suffers from drawbacks due to its lack of consideration for soil variations and its relatively rough approach of starting at a designated point and then gradually advancing, leading to poor backfill flatness and difficulties in subsequent foundation treatment. This method fails to meet the requirements for refined control, high efficiency, and environmentally friendly dredging in reclamation construction. Layered reclamation addresses these shortcomings by designing the thickness of each layer according to the project's reclamation requirements and sand source characteristics, and using a specially configured layered reclamation device for precise control, aiming to accurately lay the reclamation material layer by layer to the predetermined construction location on the seabed. However, due to its complex construction process, this method is currently limited to projects with favorable construction conditions. For open sea areas with large water depths and complex hydrological and meteorological conditions such as wind and waves, existing reclamation construction experience and technology are insufficient to meet the requirements for refined control of layered reclamation construction under these conditions. Further systematic research is needed to control and achieve high-precision layered reclamation construction. This invention patent provides a mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation device and test method, which can accurately simulate the actual mobile layered reclamation construction method and effect. It is highly operable and has diversified adjustments, providing an effective means for in-depth research on high-precision layered reclamation technology and improving construction efficiency and management quality.

[0004] A review of existing indoor simulation reclamation technologies revealed that, for research on underwater mobile reclamation construction processes in open sea areas affected by hydrological and meteorological environments such as wind, waves, and currents, existing reclamation construction simulation test devices and methods generally have shortcomings such as directional and fixed-point reclamation, inability to simulate wind, wave, and current construction environments, and inability to effectively guarantee the uniformity of mud mixing. These shortcomings cannot meet the requirements for refined control simulation of mobile layered reclamation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention discloses a design technical solution for a mobile underwater stratified reclamation construction indoor simulation device, comprising a mud storage system, a stratified reclamation device, and a construction environment simulation system, so as to construct a mobile underwater stratified reclamation construction indoor simulation device in conjunction with each of these components.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation device that can fully simulate the actual mobile layered reclamation construction method.

[0007] Furthermore, the present invention aims to propose a mobile indoor intelligent simulation test system for underwater stratified reclamation construction.

[0008] Furthermore, the present invention aims to propose an indoor intelligent simulation test method for mobile underwater layered reclamation construction. This invention can fully simulate actual mobile layered reclamation construction methods, allowing for diversified adjustments to construction environmental factors such as wind, waves, currents, and water depth, as well as key construction parameters such as the moving speed of the reclamation device, distance from the bed, mud flow rate, mud concentration, and sediment type. This provides an effective means for in-depth research into high-precision layered reclamation technology and for improving construction efficiency and management quality.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] Example 4 Technical Solution

[0011] A mobile underwater stratified reclamation construction indoor simulation device is characterized by including a mud storage system, a stratified reclamation device, a construction environment simulation system, and a measurement system.

[0012] The mud storage system includes a storage tank, a solid aggregate bin, and a conveying pipeline, wherein the conveying pipeline includes a water source pipeline, a water-sand mixing pipeline, and a mud input pipeline; a water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 is installed on the water-sand mixing pipeline, and a mud input centrifugal pump P2 is installed on the mud input pipeline; the storage tank is used to store and mix mud, sand, and water; the storage tank is fed with mud and sand through a solid aggregate bin installed above it, the solid aggregate bin being used to store mud and sand raw materials; water is supplied to the tank through the water source pipeline; a circulation channel is formed through the water-sand mixing pipeline and the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1, and the storage tank, water-sand mixing pipeline, and water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 constitute a self-circulating system for uniformly mixing water and mud; and it is connected to the layered filling device through the mud input pipeline.

[0013] The construction environment simulation system uses a water tank to simulate the ocean, simulating the wind, wave, and current conditions of an open sea. The water tank, used to simulate the construction environment, is equipped with a wave generator and a circulating water pump P3. The water tank is an open, circulating tank with an upper test area and a lower water circulation area, isolated from each other. The water circulation area supports and protects the test area, ensuring the circulation of the flowing water. The upper test area is divided into a transition section, a test section, and a tailrace section. The wave generator is installed at the front of the transition section to simulate wave conditions along the length of the water tank. The transition section provides uniform and stable water flow conditions for the test section, which is the main functional area for the test. The transition section and tailrace section are connected to the lower water circulation area. The circulating water pump P3 is located in the lower water circulation area of ​​the water tank, creating a sustainable, circulating flow that simulates ocean currents with velocity.

[0014] The layered dredging device includes a dredging implement and a three-dimensional power system. The positioning and movement of the dredging implement in the water tank are controlled by the three-dimensional power system. The dredging implement includes a transverse transition section pipe, a vertical tube, and a transverse tube. The dredging implement is connected to the mud storage system through the transverse transition section pipe to obtain mud. The dredging implement is connected to the three-dimensional power system through the vertical tube. The transverse tube is the terminal of the dredging implement, parallel to the width of the water tank, and has multiple outlets. The dredging implement delivers mud to the bottom of the water tank through the multiple outlets of its transverse tube for dredging simulation tests.

[0015] The three-dimensional power system is designed as a three-dimensional moving module, namely: a longitudinal first moving module, a transverse second moving module, and a vertical third moving module; wherein, the vertical third moving module carries the filling equipment to realize vertical height adjustment in the water tank, the transverse second moving module carries the vertical third moving module to realize transverse width adjustment in the water tank, and the longitudinal first moving module carries the transverse second moving module to realize displacement adjustment in the length direction in the water tank.

[0016] The measurement system includes field measurement equipment; the field measurement equipment includes a flow measurement instrument 41, a velocity measurement instrument, a first camera, a second camera, and a probe; wherein, the flow measurement instrument is used to display the flow rate information of the conveyed mud in real time; wherein, the velocity measurement instrument is moved through a three-dimensional dynamic system to measure the flow velocity at different measuring points; wherein, the probe is fixed in the water tank test section through a three-dimensional dynamic system and is used to measure the thickness of the deposited mud and sand at different measuring points after the test.

[0017] The first camera is fixed to one side of the test section of the water tank by a camera bracket, facing the side wall of the water tank, ensuring that the shooting range is the entire test section (including the water tank test section ruler R2 and the front view of the sediment). It is used to take front view photos of the sediment along the length direction and the height direction of the water tank after the dredging test.

[0018] The second camera is fixed above the dredging equipment, facing the bottom of the water tank. It is used to take top-view photos of the sediment deposited along the width and length of the water tank after the dredging test. During the shooting process, the shooting position and range are kept unchanged, and the pixel size is set to a uniform size. In this way, the front and top view photos of the sediment deposited under each working condition can be processed and analyzed using image processing software. By comparing the ratio of the water tank test section ruler R2 and the sediment range and height in the images, the dredging characteristic parameters such as the diffusion range of sediment deposits and the maximum and minimum thickness of sediment deposits can be accurately read.

[0019] As an example, a storage tank ruler R1 is provided on one side of the storage tank to mark the liquid level.

[0020] As an example, grates are installed at both ends of the test section to prevent test sediment from polluting the lower water circulation zone.

[0021] As an example, the circulating water pump, as a water flow power device, can control the flow rate of external water through a solenoid valve.

[0022] Based on the same structural design, the longitudinal first moving module and the transverse second moving module include a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged on the upper part of the water tank along the length direction of the water tank. The sliding block with wheels engages with the rail. The power module is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank in the length direction. The transverse second moving module is installed on the sliding block and moves synchronously with the longitudinal first moving module in the length direction of the water tank.

[0023] Based on the same structural design, the second transverse moving module includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged on the upper part of the water tank along the width direction. The sliding block with wheels engages with the rail. The power module is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank in the width direction. The third vertical moving module is installed on the sliding block and moves synchronously with the second transverse moving module in the width direction of the water tank.

[0024] Based on the same structural design, the vertical third moving module includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged vertically on the upper part of the water tank, the sliding block with wheels engages with the rail, and the power module is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank in the vertical direction. The filling tool is installed on the sliding block and moves synchronously with the vertical third moving module in the vertical direction of the water tank.

[0025] A method for indoor simulation testing of mobile underwater layered reclamation construction includes the following steps:

[0026] Step (1) Design key experimental parameters through the input module;

[0027] Step (2) Set the water depth, speed, and wave conditions through the input module;

[0028] Step (3) Mix the mud evenly through the management module;

[0029] Step (4) Start the first layer of mobile shoveling through the management module;

[0030] Step (5) Complete the first layer of mobile shoveling through the management module;

[0031] Step (6) repeats steps (4)-(5) through the management module;

[0032] Step (7) Measure the characteristic parameters of the dredging test using a measurement system;

[0033] Step (8) Clean the mud and sand in the water tank test area.

[0034] Step (1) Design key test parameters through the input module: Based on the principles of gravity similarity, geometric similarity and dynamic similarity, design and determine key test parameters such as the concentration of mud transported in the test, the transport flow rate, the water depth, the height of the dredging equipment from the bottom bed, the external water flow velocity, the wave height and wave period, the initial position of the dredging equipment, and the moving speed.

[0035] Step (2) Set water depth, velocity, and wave conditions through the input module: Fill water tank 31 with water to the test water depth, turn on water tank circulating water pump P3, set the solenoid valve state according to the external flow velocity designed for the test, and adjust the water flow velocity in the water tank to the design flow velocity. According to the test wave conditions, adjust and set the wave height and wave period parameters of the wave generator to the design wave conditions.

[0036] Step (3) Mix the mud evenly through the management module: Open the one-way valve F5 of the solid aggregate box and the one-way valve F1 of the water source pipeline. According to the test mud concentration, inject the mud and sand and water in a fixed proportion and mass into the storage tank. Open the one-way valve F2 of the water and sand self-circulation pipeline and start the water and sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 at the same time. After running for 1 minute, take mud through the mud sampling port to test the mud mixing uniformity. When sampling, open the one-way valve F3 of the mud sampling port and close the one-way valve F2 of the water and sand self-circulation pipeline at the same time. Take mud through the mud sampling port at regular intervals and measure the mass of the sampled mud three times. Calculate the average mud concentration of the three samples. If the mud concentration of the sampled mud is basically consistent with the design concentration, it is considered that the mud is evenly mixed. Otherwise, adjust the mud and sand and water to mix further. After the sampling is completed, immediately close the one-way valve F3 of the mud sampling port and open the one-way valve F2 of the water and sand self-circulation pipeline at the same time. Keep the mud circulating continuously during the test to ensure that the mud input to the layered filling machine is always a uniformly mixed mud.

[0037] Step (4) Start the first layer of mobile dredging through the management module: Open the mud input check valve F4 and the mud input centrifugal pump P2, and control the opening of the mud input check valve F4 so that the mud flow rate measured by the flow measuring instrument 41 in the mud input pipeline is the set flow rate. Set the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system of the layered dredging device, so that by controlling the three-dimensional power system of the installed dredging equipment, the dredging equipment is synchronously controlled to move along the water tank direction at the set moving speed until it reaches the set position, simulating the first layer of mobile dredging process. During the test, according to the test requirements, control the flow velocity measuring instrument 42 to measure the flow velocity at a specific water depth at a specific measuring point to measure the flow field change.

[0038] Step (5) Complete the first layer of mobile dredging through the management module: After the dredging equipment is moved to the end position of the set moving distance, turn off the mud input centrifugal pump P2, and reset the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system of the layered dredging device, so that the layered dredging equipment can be controlled to move to the initial position as quickly as possible by controlling the three-dimensional power system of the dredging equipment without disturbing the sediment. During the movement of the layered dredging device, a special person is required to assist the steel wire hose conveying pipeline to move synchronously and ensure that the connection is not interrupted.

[0039] Step (6) Repeat steps (4)-(5) through the management module until the target n-layer (n≥1) mobile underwater layered filling construction indoor simulation test is achieved.

[0040] Step (7) Measure the characteristic parameters of the dredging test through the measurement system: After the indoor simulation test of the multi-layer mobile underwater stratified dredging construction under this working condition is completed, stop the test, and shut down the wave generator, water tank circulating water pump P3, mud input centrifugal pump P2, water and sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 and all one-way valves by the management module. After the mud and sand in the water tank settle to clear water, slowly drain the water in the test water tank. Use camera 1 and camera 2 in the measurement system to take pictures of the sediment in the test section. Use the image processing software to measure the dredging characteristic parameters such as the dredging range, maximum and minimum dredging thickness, and use the probe to accurately measure the dredging thickness at specific measuring points. The key test parameters of the measurement system are compiled and output by the management system in the form of experimental data charts.

[0041] Step (8) Clean the mud and sand in the test area of ​​the water tank. According to the test requirements, the key parameters such as the concentration of the conveying mud, the flow rate, the height of the dredging equipment from the bottom bed, the external water flow velocity, wave height, wave period, and the moving speed of the dredging equipment can be changed. Repeat steps (2)-(7) under the management module to realize the diversified adjustment of the mobile underwater layered dredging construction indoor simulation test.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] This invention provides a mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation device, which, by integrating multiple specially designed subsystems, can fully simulate underwater mobile reclamation construction in open sea areas.

[0044] Furthermore, the system and method of this invention can make diversified adjustments to the impact of construction environment such as wind, waves, current, and water depth, as well as key construction parameters such as the moving speed of the dredging device, the distance from the bed, the flow rate of the conveyed mud, the concentration of the conveyed mud, and the type of mud and sand. This enables multi-layer repeated moving construction simulation technology, providing an effective means for in-depth research on high-precision layered dredging technology and improving construction efficiency and management quality. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation intelligent test system of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mud storage system in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the construction environment simulation system in Example 2;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layered filling device in Example 3;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of each moving module in the three-dimensional dynamic system of the layered filling device in Example 3;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control system in the indoor simulation intelligent test system for mobile underwater layered reclamation construction in Example 5;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the indoor simulation test method for mobile underwater layered reclamation construction in Example 6.

[0052] Marker explanation:

[0053] 1. Mud storage system; 2. Layered filling device; 3. Construction environment simulation system;

[0054] 11 Water source pipeline, 12 Water and sand mixing pipeline, 13 Slurry input pipeline, 14 Flexible conveying pipeline, 15 Slurry sampling port, 16 Clamp, 17 Flange; 18 Storage box, 19 Solid aggregate box;

[0055] 21 Horizontal transition section pipe, 22 vertical pipe, 23 horizontal pipe, 24 longitudinal first moving module, 25 horizontal second moving module, 26 vertical third moving module, 241 rail, 242 sliding block, 243 power module.

[0056] 31 Water tank, 32 Wave generator, 33 Grille, 34 Solenoid valve, 35 Base plate;

[0057] 41 Flow measurement instrument, 42 Flow velocity measurement instrument, 43 First camera, 44 Second camera, 45 Probe. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to several embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, the mobile underwater stratified reclamation construction indoor simulation device includes a mud storage system, a stratified reclamation device, a construction environment simulation system, and a measurement system. Figure 1 The overall structure and scene are illustrated.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] A mud storage system for use in an indoor simulation device for mobile underwater layered reclamation construction.

[0062] In this invention, the mud storage system is an important supporting device for realizing the mobile hydraulic reclamation construction simulation system.

[0063] In the prior art, Chinese patent application CN107780380A describes an indoor simulated hydraulic reclamation construction test device and method: applied to indoor simulated hydraulic reclamation construction tests. The system consists of a mud-filling tube bag, which has a closed space and is placed in a test tank. The upper surface of the mud-filling tube bag has a set of hydraulic reclamation connecting pipes, which are connected to four joints of a diversion device via slurry delivery pipes. The diversion device is connected to a conveying device via a connecting pipe. The conveying device includes: a sludge storage tank, the sludge storage tank having a tank space, the sludge storage tank having support legs at the bottom, a discharge valve installed on the left side of the bottom of the sludge storage tank, an observation window and a level gauge installed on the front of the sludge storage tank, a control box fixed to the outside of the sludge storage tank, a circuit board inside the control box, operation buttons and indicator lights on the outer surface of the control box, a sludge pump placed inside the sludge storage tank, the sludge pump being wired to the control box, a cover plate fixed to the top of the sludge storage tank, a guide tube welded to the cover plate, a shut-off valve installed in the middle of the guide tube, and a feeder welded to the top of the guide tube.

[0064] Chinese patent application CN106592507A discloses an indoor simulated on-site sand filling construction device and method, characterized in that it includes a mud storage container, a mixer, a feeding machine, and a mud discharge pump.

[0065] The existing technologies described above have very simple mud storage device designs, which cannot be matched with the mud storage system of the mobile underwater layered filling construction indoor simulation device of the present invention to ensure homogeneous mixing of water and mud, stable supply, and safety and reliability. They also cannot meet the needs of system testing and cannot control the flow rate and supply of mud as needed.

[0066] In this invention, the mud storage system is used to mix water and mud in a certain proportion and then provide a stable mud supply to the layered filling device through pipelines.

[0067] like Figure 2As shown, the mud storage system includes a storage tank 18, a solid aggregate box 19, and a conveying pipeline, wherein the conveying pipeline includes a water source pipeline 11, a water-sand mixing pipeline 12, a mud input pipeline 13, and a flexible conveying pipeline 14; a water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 is installed on the water-sand mixing pipeline 12, and a mud input centrifugal pump P2 is installed on the mud input pipeline 13.

[0068] The storage tank 18 is used to store and mix mud, sand, and water; the storage tank 18:

[0069] The solid collection box 19 is set on top of it to put mud and sand into it, and the solid collection box 19 is used to store mud and sand raw materials;

[0070] Water is supplied to the box through water source pipe 11;

[0071] A circulation channel is formed by the water-sand mixing pipe 12 and the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1. The storage tank 18, the water-sand mixing pipe 12, and the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 constitute a self-circulating system for mixing water and sediment evenly.

[0072] It is connected to the layered slurry filling device via mud input pipe 13 and flexible conveying pipe 14;

[0073] Furthermore, the water source pipeline 11 is equipped with a one-way valve F1 to control the flow and interruption of water.

[0074] Furthermore, the water-sand mixing pipe 12 of the circulation channel is also equipped with a water-sand self-circulation pipe check valve F2 to control the flow rate of the water-sand mixture; the self-circulation system is also equipped with a mud sampling port 15 with a mud sampling port check valve F3 for collecting mud and detecting the uniformity of mud mixing.

[0075] Furthermore, the mud input pipeline 13 is equipped with a mud input centrifugal pump P2 to provide power for the input mud, and a mud input pipeline check valve F4 is installed to regulate the mud input flow rate;

[0076] Furthermore, the mud storage system is also equipped with a flow measurement instrument 41.

[0077] As an example, the bottom of the solid aggregate bin 19 is funnel-shaped, with an opening at the center of the bottom and a one-way valve F5 for the solid aggregate bin that can control the opening area.

[0078] As an example, the water source pipe 11 is fixed to the top of the storage box 18 by clamps 16 and is equipped with a one-way valve F1 for the water source pipe to provide a stable and controllable water supply.

[0079] As an example, the storage tank 18 extends from its lower part through the water-sand mixing pipe 12 and is connected to the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1, and then connected to the top of the storage tank 18 to form a circulation channel; and a mud sampling port 15 is set in the water-sand mixing pipe 12 through a tee, and a mud sampling port check valve F3 is installed to collect mud at any time and detect the uniformity of mud mixing.

[0080] As an example, the mud input pipeline 13 extends from the bottom of the storage tank 18, and is sequentially installed with a mud input centrifugal pump P2, a mud input pipeline check valve F4, a flow measuring instrument 41, a flexible conveying pipeline 14, and a flange 17. The flow measuring instrument 41 is used to display mud flow information in real time. The flexible conveying pipeline 14 is used to ensure that the layered filling device will not be disconnected from the mud conveying pipeline during movement. It is made of PVC steel wire hose with built-in spiral steel wire, which is easy to move, flexible, and highly elastic, and has sufficient length for the layered filling equipment to move. The flange 17 is used to connect the flexible conveying pipeline 14 and the layered filling device.

[0081] As an example, a storage tank ruler R1 is provided on one side of the storage tank 18 to mark the liquid level.

[0082] In this embodiment, the self-circulating system replaces the function of the agitator, providing greater safety and homogeneity. The mud preparation status in the storage can be obtained in real time through the mud sampling port branch.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] A construction environment simulation system is disclosed for use in an indoor simulation device for mobile underwater stratified reclamation construction. In this invention, the construction environment simulation system is a key device for simulating mobile reclamation construction.

[0085] In the prior art, Chinese patent application CN104198365A discloses an electric wave environment simulation device, which relates to an environmental simulation device including a test chamber, a test platform, a wave pool, a first support platform, a first support base, a motor, a second support base, a second support platform, a wave-making plate, and a plate shaft. The test platform is installed on the left side of the test chamber, and the wave pool is located on the right side of the test chamber. The first and second support platforms are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the wave pool. The device utilizes a motor to realize the rotation and oscillation of the wave-making plate, quickly simulating a wave splash environment. However, its structure is simple, and its functionality is limited.

[0086] Chinese patent application CN207056586U discloses a marine climate environment simulation device, in which the rotating propeller drives the movement of seawater, providing information on special marine climates such as tides and surges, and more realistically and comprehensively showcasing marine climates. The blower can simulate atmospheric flow and even simulate the environment of a hurricane, achieving the reproduction of the marine environment in the laboratory. It can simulate the real marine environment, but it is not suitable for environments strongly related to layered reclamation construction marine operations.

[0087] The system cannot be matched with the construction environment simulation system of the mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation device of the present invention, and cannot simulate the wind, wave and current environment conditions in open sea areas.

[0088] In this invention, the construction environment simulation system uses a water tank 31 to simulate the ocean and simulate the wind, wave and current environmental conditions of open sea areas.

[0089] like Figure 3 As shown, the water tank 31 is used to simulate the construction environment, and a wave generator 32 and a circulating water pump P3 are installed inside it. The water tank 31 is a circulating open water tank, which can be designed to be more than 100 meters long. The upper layer is the test area (with a bottom plate 35), and the lower layer is the water circulation area. The upper and lower layers are isolated. The water circulation area is used to support and protect the test area and ensure the circulation of the flowing water.

[0090] In the upper test area, it is divided into a transition section, a test section, and a tailrace section. The wave generator 32 is installed at the front end of the transition section to simulate wave conditions along the length of the tank. The wave height and period are key wave elements that can be adjusted. The transition section provides uniform and stable water flow conditions for the test section, which is the main functional area of ​​the test. The tailrace section is set up to avoid backflow of outlet water, which would affect the test. The transition section and the tailrace section are connected to the lower water circulation area.

[0091] As an example, the sidewalls of the test section are made of plexiglass or transparent acrylic sheet.

[0092] As an example, grids 33 are installed at both ends of the test section to prevent test sediment from polluting the lower water circulation zone.

[0093] As an example, a measuring tape R2 is provided on the side wall of the test section along the height of the water tank and on the bottom along the length of the water tank. That is, there are measuring tapes in both directions, along the height of the water tank and along the length of the water tank at the bottom.

[0094] The circulating water pump P3 is located in the water circulation zone at the bottom of the tank to create a sustainable, recyclable flow that can simulate ocean currents with flow rate.

[0095] As an example, the circulating water pump 33, as a water flow power device, can control the speed of external water flow through the solenoid valve 34.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] A layered filling device applied to an indoor simulation device for mobile underwater layered filling construction.

[0098] In this invention, the layered dredging device is the core device for realizing mobile dredging construction simulation.

[0099] The existing technology disclosed by CCCC (Tianjin) Dredging Engineering Co., Ltd. and CCCC Tianjin Waterway Bureau Co., Ltd. is a pipeline system (CN209798867U) for dredging and layered reclamation: it belongs to dredging and reclamation construction equipment and is not used for indoor simulation tests.

[0100] Approaching existing technology, Chinese patent application CN107780380A describes an indoor simulated hydraulic reclamation construction test device and method. Current traditional indoor hydraulic reclamation test devices only conduct simple post-drainage studies, neglecting the natural state of lateral runoff and infiltration of water during the actual reclamation process. Furthermore, to ensure operability, the influence of model structure dimensions and test methods on the test results is ignored, making it difficult to ensure realistic construction conditions. However, this invention application features a set of hydraulic reclamation connectors on the upper surface of the filling tube bag, arranged at the four corners. These connectors have external threads and are connected to four joints of a diversion device via slurry delivery pipes. The diversion device is connected to the conveying device via a connecting pipe. This device has extremely limited mobility and flexibility.

[0101] like Figure 4 As shown, the layered blowing device of the present invention includes a blowing machine and a three-dimensional power system, wherein the positioning and movement of the blowing machine in the water tank are controlled by the three-dimensional power system.

[0102] The dredging equipment includes a transverse transition section pipe 21, a vertical pipe 22, and a transverse pipe 23;

[0103] The dredging equipment is connected to the mud storage system through the transverse transition section pipe 21 to obtain mud;

[0104] The boulding filling equipment is connected to the three-dimensional power system through the vertical tube 22;

[0105] The transverse tube 23 is the terminal of the dredging equipment, parallel to the width of the water tank, and has multiple outlets. The dredging equipment delivers slurry to the bottom of the water tank through the multiple outlets of its transverse tube 23 to conduct a dredging simulation test.

[0106] As an example, the transverse transition section pipe 21 is connected to the flexible conveying pipe 14 via a flange 17.

[0107] like Figure 5 As shown, the three-dimensional power system is designed as a three-dimensional moving module, namely: a longitudinal first moving module 24, a transverse second moving module 25, and a vertical third moving module 26;

[0108] The vertical third moving module 26, carrying the filling machine terminal, enables vertical height adjustment in the water tank 31; the horizontal second moving module 25, carrying the vertical third moving module 26, enables horizontal width adjustment in the water tank 31; and the vertical first moving module 24, carrying the horizontal second moving module 25 (in conjunction with the third moving module 26 and the filling machine terminal), enables displacement adjustment in the length direction in the water tank 31.

[0109] The longitudinal first moving module 24 includes a rail 241, a sliding block 242 with wheels, and a power module 243. The rail is arranged on the upper part of the water tank along the length direction of the water tank. The sliding block with wheels is engaged with the rail. The power module (including motor drive, motor and power supply, etc., which are existing technologies) is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank 31 in the length direction. The transverse second moving module 25 is installed on the sliding block 242 and moves synchronously with the longitudinal first moving module 24 in the length direction of the water tank 31.

[0110] The design concept is based on the aforementioned first vertical moving module 24:

[0111] The second transverse moving module 25 includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged on the upper part of the water tank 31 along the width direction. The sliding block with wheels engages with the rail. The power module (including motor drive, motor, and power supply, etc., which are existing technologies) is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank 31 in the width direction. The third vertical moving module 26 is installed on the sliding block in the second transverse moving module 25 and moves synchronously with the second transverse moving module 25 in the width direction of the water tank 31.

[0112] The vertical third moving module 26 includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged vertically along the upper part of the water tank 31. The sliding block with wheels engages with the rail. The power module (including motor drive, motor, and power supply, which are existing technologies) is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank 31 in the vertical direction. The filling machine is installed on the sliding block in the vertical third moving module 26 and moves synchronously with the vertical third moving module 26 in the water tank in the vertical direction.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] Based on Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, and the measurement system, a mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation device of the present invention was constructed, which can fully simulate the underwater mobile reclamation construction method in open sea areas.

[0115] The mobile underwater stratified reclamation construction indoor simulation device includes a mud storage system, a stratified reclamation device, a construction environment simulation system, and a measurement system.

[0116] The mud storage system includes a storage tank 18, a solid aggregate bin 19, and a conveying pipeline, wherein the conveying pipeline includes a water source pipeline 11, a water-sand mixing pipeline 12, and a mud input pipeline 13; a water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 is installed on the water-sand mixing pipeline 12, and a mud input centrifugal pump P2 is installed on the mud input pipeline 13; the storage tank 18 is used to store and mix mud, sand, and water; the storage tank 18 is fed with mud and sand through the solid aggregate bin 19 installed above it, and the solid aggregate bin 19 is used to store mud and sand raw materials; water is supplied to the tank through the water source pipeline 11; a circulation channel is formed by the water-sand mixing pipeline 12 and the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1, and the storage tank, water-sand mixing pipeline 12, and water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 constitute a self-circulating system for uniformly mixing water and mud; and it is connected to the layered filling device through the mud input pipeline 13. Furthermore, the mud storage system is also equipped with a flow measurement instrument 41. As an example, a storage tank ruler R1 is provided on one side of the storage tank 18 to mark the liquid level.

[0117] The construction environment simulation system uses a water tank 31 to simulate the ocean and simulate the wind, wave, and current conditions of an open sea. The water tank 31 simulates the construction environment and is equipped with a wave generator 32 and a circulating water pump P3. The water tank 31 is an open circulating water tank, with an upper test area and a lower water circulation area, isolated between the two layers. The water circulation area supports and protects the test area, ensuring the circulation of the flowing water. The upper test area is divided into a transition section, a test section, and a tailrace section. The wave generator 32 is installed at the front end of the transition section to simulate wave conditions along the length of the water tank. The transition section provides uniform and stable water flow conditions for the test section, which is the main functional area for the test. The transition section and tailrace section are connected to the lower water circulation area. As an example, grilles 33 are installed at both ends of the test section to prevent sediment from contaminating the lower water circulation area. The circulating water pump P3 is located in the water circulation zone at the bottom of the tank to create a sustainable, recirculating flow that simulates ocean currents with velocity. As an example, the circulating water pump 33, as a hydrodynamic device, can control the external water flow velocity via a solenoid valve 34.

[0118] The layered dredging device includes a dredging tool and a three-dimensional power system. The positioning and movement of the dredging tool in the water tank are controlled by the three-dimensional power system. The dredging tool includes a transverse transition section pipe 21, a vertical tube 22, and a transverse tube 23. The dredging tool is connected to the mud storage system through the transverse transition section pipe 21 to obtain mud. The dredging tool is connected to the three-dimensional power system through the vertical tube 22. The transverse tube 23 is the terminal of the dredging tool, parallel to the width of the water tank, and has multiple outlets. The dredging tool transports mud to the bottom of the water tank through the multiple outlets of its transverse tube 23 for dredging simulation tests.

[0119] The three-dimensional power system is designed as a three-dimensional moving module, namely: a longitudinal first moving module 24, a transverse second moving module 25, and a vertical third moving module 26; wherein, the vertical third moving module 26 carries the filling equipment to realize vertical height adjustment in the water tank 31, the transverse second moving module 25 carries the vertical third moving module 26 to realize transverse width adjustment in the water tank 31, and the longitudinal first moving module 24 carries the transverse second moving module 25 to realize displacement adjustment in the length direction in the water tank 31;

[0120] The longitudinal first moving module 24 includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged on the upper part of the water tank along the length direction of the water tank. The sliding block with wheels is engaged with the rail. The power module is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank 31 in the length direction. The transverse second moving module 25 is installed on the sliding block and moves synchronously with the longitudinal first moving module 24 in the length direction of the water tank 31.

[0121] Based on the same structural design, the second transverse moving module 25 includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged on the upper part of the water tank 31 along the width direction. The sliding block with wheels engages with the rail. The power module is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank 31 in the width direction. The third vertical moving module 26 is installed on the sliding block and moves synchronously with the second transverse moving module 25 in the width direction of the water tank 31.

[0122] The vertical third moving module 26 includes a rail, a sliding block with wheels, and a power module. The rail is arranged vertically on the upper part of the water tank 31. The sliding block with wheels engages with the rail. The power module is installed on the sliding block to drive the overall displacement of the water tank 31 in the vertical direction. The blowing and filling equipment is installed on the sliding block and moves synchronously with the vertical third moving module 26 in the water tank in the vertical direction.

[0123] The measurement system includes field measurement equipment; the field measurement equipment includes a flow measurement instrument 41, a flow velocity measurement instrument 42, a first camera 43, a second camera 44, and a probe 45.

[0124] Among them, the flow measurement instrument 41 is used to display the flow information of the conveyed mud in real time.

[0125] Among them, the flow velocity measuring instrument 42 moves through a three-dimensional dynamic system to measure the flow velocity at different measuring points.

[0126] The first camera 43 is fixed to one side of the test section of the water tank 31 by a camera bracket. It faces the side wall of the water tank 31 to ensure that the shooting range is the entire test section (including the water tank test section ruler R2 and the front view of the sediment). It is used to take front view photos of the sediment along the length direction and the height direction of the water tank after the dredging test.

[0127] The second camera 44 is fixed above the dredging equipment, facing the bottom of the water tank 31. It is used to take top-view photos of the sediment deposited along the width and length of the water tank after the dredging test. During the shooting process, the shooting position and range remain unchanged, and the pixel size is set to a uniform size. In this way, the front and top view photos of the sediment deposited under each working condition can be processed and analyzed using image processing software (such as Get Data software). By comparing the ratio of the water tank test section ruler R2 and the sediment deposit range and height in the images, the dredging characteristic parameters such as the diffusion range of the sediment deposit and the maximum and minimum thickness of the sediment deposit can be accurately read.

[0128] Among them, probe 45 is fixed in the test section of water tank 31 by a three-dimensional dynamic system, and is used to measure the thickness of sediment at different measuring points after the test.

[0129] Example 5

[0130] Based on Embodiments 1, 2, 3, and 4, the present invention further includes a control system installed within the control cabinet 5. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, along with its supporting intelligent measurement system, a mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation intelligent test system of the present invention is constructed, which can fully simulate the underwater mobile reclamation construction method in open sea areas.

[0131] The control system includes an input module, a control module, and an execution module. Figure 6 (As shown); The measurement system, combined with on-site measurement equipment and the input and calculation modules of the control system, is used to obtain key test parameters such as the concentration of the test conveyed mud, the conveying flow rate, the water depth, the height of the dredging equipment from the bed, the external water flow velocity, the wave height and wave period, and the moving speed of the dredging equipment.

[0132] The input module comprises three parts: mud mixing parameters, construction environment simulation parameters, and layered filling simulation parameters. Initial values ​​for each parameter need to be set before the experiment, and these are the target data during the experiment. In this embodiment, each parameter is input through the system's human-machine interface.

[0133] The mud mixing parameters include water mass M. w0 Sediment quality Ms0;

[0134] The simulation parameters for the construction environment include the water depth h0 in the tank, the water flow velocity v0, and the wave height H. w0 Sum wave period T w0 ;

[0135] The simulation parameters for the stratified hydraulic filling include the input mud concentration C. m0 Input mud flow rate Q0, initial position of the stratified hydraulic filling equipment (X0, Y0, Z0), and direction of movement of the stratified hydraulic filling equipment (D). x0 D y0 D z0 ), the moving speed of the layered dredging equipment (V) x0 V y0 V z0 ), the moving distance of the layered dredging equipment (S) x0 S y0 S z0 ), Distance H between layered filling equipment and bed bottom b0 .

[0136] The control module is divided into a calculation module and a management module.

[0137] The calculation module includes the calculation of mud mixing parameters and the position parameters of the stratified reclamation equipment, which are provided to the management module; wherein the mud mixing parameters refer to the parameters of the mud formed by the mixture of water and sediment, expressed as mud concentration C. m The calculation formula is as follows:

[0138] C m =M s / (M s +M w )

[0139] In the formula, C m Ms represents the mud concentration, and M represents the mud mass. w Indicates water quality.

[0140] The management module comprises four parts: a mud mixing management module, a construction environment simulation module, a layered filling simulation module, and a key parameter measurement module. These modules are responsible for managing the mud storage system, the construction environment simulation, and the layered filling simulation device, respectively, as well as analyzing key experimental parameters of the measurement system and compiling and outputting experimental data charts and research results.

[0141] Specifically, the mud mixing management module manages the concentration and mixing uniformity of water and sediment in the mud storage system, according to the initial mud concentration target value C input to the module. m0 Ms0 represents the initial sediment mass, M w0 Let C represent the initial water mass. Water and sediment are mixed uniformly in a specific ratio. A specific volume V of mud is obtained from the mud sampling port, and the mass M of the sampled mud is measured. Then the mud concentration C is... m The conversion formula is:

[0142]

[0143] In the formula, C m ρ represents the mud concentration. s ρ represents the density of sediment. w M represents the density of water, V represents the mass of the sampled mud, and V represents the volume of the mud.

[0144] If C m With C m0 If the error does not exceed 5%, the design target is considered to have been achieved. If it is necessary to change the mud concentration to C... m If the mixture is not properly mixed, then water and sediment need to be added appropriately. The formula for calculating the added sediment mass is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, ΔM s This indicates that in order to achieve the target C of mud concentration change m The quality of the newly added sediment, C m ' represents the changed mud concentration, Ms0 represents the initial mud mass, M w0 ΔM represents the initial water mass. w This indicates the additional water mass required to achieve the target change in mud concentration.

[0147] As an example, the uniformity of mud mixing is managed by taking three samples and comparing the mud quality error of samples taken at the same time to determine the uniformity of mud mixing. If the mud quality error of the three samples does not exceed 5%, it is considered to be uniformly mixed. If it exceeds 5%, water and mud need to be continuously circulated by a centrifugal pump until the uniformity of the sampled mud meets the requirements before the mud is supplied to the stratified filling device for simulated filling.

[0148] Specifically, the construction environment simulation module manages and adjusts the status of the water tank circulating pump P3, the solenoid valve 34, and the working status of the wave generator to meet the requirements of the test environment.

[0149] Specifically, the layered dredging simulation management module controls and manages the power modules in the three-dimensional power system based on the input mud flow rate and the settings of the layered dredging equipment position, moving speed, direction and distance.

[0150] Specifically, the layered slurry filling simulation management module adjusts the flow rate by regulating the opening of the mud input check valve F4, and uses a flow measurement instrument 16 installed on the mud input pipeline to monitor the data to determine whether the set input mud flow rate Q0 has been reached. If the monitored flow rate Q is less than Q0, the opening of the mud input check valve F4 needs to be increased by n; if the monitored flow rate Q is greater than Q0, the opening of the mud input check valve F4 needs to be decreased by n. The conversion relationship between the two is as follows:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, Q0 represents the initial input mud flow rate, n0 represents the opening degree corresponding to the initial input mud flow rate Q0 (n0 varies from 0 to 1, where 0 represents no flow and 1 represents the maximum flow); Q represents the mud flow rate monitored during the test, and n represents the opening degree of the solenoid valve corresponding to the input mud flow rate Q.

[0153] The movement control of the layered dredging equipment can be achieved in real time through the input module and the calculation module, obtaining the movement speed (V) of the three-dimensional dynamic system layered dredging equipment. x V y V z ), distance (S) x S y S z ) and direction (D) x D y D z The movement of the layered blotting machine at different speeds, distances, and directions is controlled to achieve the target position (X1, Y1, Z1).

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, X1, Y1, and Z1 represent the target positions of the layered boulders, X0, Y0, and Z0 represent the initial positions of the layered boulders, and S represents the target positions of the layered boulders. x0 S y0 S z0 These represent the distance traveled by the layered dredging equipment.

[0156] Specifically, the key parameter measurement and management module includes the management of three key dredging characteristic parameters: mud flow rate, water flow velocity at measuring points, and the thickness and range of the dredged sediment. For mud flow rate, the flow rate of the input mud is measured in real time using a flow measurement instrument 41. For water flow velocity at measuring points, measurements are taken at different water depths at different measuring points by controlling a flow velocity measuring instrument 42. For dredging characteristic parameters, measurements are taken by controlling a first camera, a second camera, and a probe.

[0157] In this embodiment, the measurement system, combined with on-site measurement equipment and the input and calculation modules of the control system, is used to obtain key test parameters such as the concentration of the test conveyed mud, the conveying flow rate, the water depth, the height of the dredging equipment from the bed, the external water flow velocity, the wave height and wave period, and the moving speed of the dredging equipment.

[0158] The field measurement equipment includes a flow measurement instrument 41, a flow velocity measurement instrument 42, a first camera 43, a second camera 44, and a probe 45.

[0159] Among them, the flow measurement instrument 41 is used to display the flow information of the conveyed mud in real time.

[0160] Among them, the flow velocity measuring instrument 42 moves through a three-dimensional dynamic system to measure the flow velocity at different measuring points.

[0161] The first camera 43 is fixed to one side of the test section of the water tank 31 by a camera bracket. It faces the side wall of the water tank 31 to ensure that the shooting range is the entire test section (including the water tank test section ruler R2 and the front view of the sediment). It is used to take front view photos of the sediment along the length direction and the height direction of the water tank after the dredging test.

[0162] The second camera 44 is fixed above the dredging equipment, facing the bottom of the water tank 31. It is used to take top-view photos of the sediment deposited along the width and length of the water tank after the dredging test. During the shooting process, the shooting position and range remain unchanged, and the pixel size is set to a uniform size. In this way, the front and top view photos of the sediment deposited under each working condition can be processed and analyzed using image processing software (such as Get Data software). By comparing the ratio of the water tank test section ruler R2 and the sediment deposit range and height in the images, the dredging characteristic parameters such as the diffusion range of the sediment deposit and the maximum and minimum thickness of the sediment deposit can be accurately read.

[0163] Among them, probe 45 is fixed in the test section of water tank 31 by a three-dimensional dynamic system, and is used to measure the thickness of sediment at different measuring points after the test.

[0164] Example 6

[0165] Based on the mobile underwater layered reclamation construction indoor simulation intelligent test system of Embodiment 5, it can fully simulate the underwater mobile reclamation construction method in open sea areas, and further discloses the simulation test method implemented indoors in this embodiment. Figure 7 (as shown), the steps include:

[0166] (1) Design key test parameters through input module: Based on the principles of gravity similarity, geometric similarity and dynamic similarity, design and determine key test parameters such as mud concentration, flow rate, water depth, height of dredging equipment from the bed, external water flow velocity, wave height and wave period, initial position of dredging equipment, and moving speed.

[0167] (2) Set water depth, velocity, and wave conditions through the input module: Fill water tank 31 with water to the test water depth, turn on water tank circulating water pump P3, set the solenoid valve state according to the external flow velocity designed for the test, and adjust the water flow velocity in the water tank to the design flow velocity. According to the test wave conditions, adjust and set the wave height and wave period parameters of the wave generator to the design wave conditions.

[0168] (3) Mixing the mud evenly through the management module: Open the one-way valve F5 of the solid aggregate box and the one-way valve F1 of the water source pipeline. Inject a fixed proportion and mass of mud and water into the storage tank according to the test mud concentration. Open the one-way valve F2 of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline and simultaneously turn on the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1. After running for 1 minute, take mud through the mud sampling port to test the mud mixing uniformity. During sampling, open the one-way valve F3 of the mud sampling port and simultaneously close the one-way valve F2 of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline. Take mud through the mud sampling port at regular intervals and measure the mass of the sampled mud three times. Calculate the average mud concentration of the three samples. If the mud concentration of the sampled mud is basically consistent with the design concentration, it is considered that the mud is evenly mixed. Otherwise, adjust the mud and water to further mix. After sampling, immediately close the one-way valve F3 of the mud sampling port and simultaneously open the one-way valve F2 of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline. Keep the mud circulating continuously during the test to ensure that the mud input to the stratified filling equipment is always evenly mixed mud.

[0169] (4) Start the first layer of mobile dredging through the management module: Open the mud input check valve F4 and the mud input centrifugal pump P2, and control the opening degree of the mud input check valve F4 so that the mud flow rate measured by the flow measuring instrument 41 in the mud input pipeline is the set flow rate. Set the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system of the layered dredging device, so that by controlling the three-dimensional power system of the installed dredging equipment, the dredging equipment is synchronously controlled to move along the water tank direction at the set moving speed until it reaches the set position, simulating the first layer of mobile dredging process. During the test, according to the test requirements, control the flow velocity measuring instrument 42 to measure the flow velocity at a specific water depth at a specific measuring point to measure the flow field changes.

[0170] (5) Complete the first layer of mobile dredging through the management module: After the dredging equipment moves to the set moving distance endpoint, turn off the mud input centrifugal pump P2, and reset the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system of the layered dredging device, so that the layered dredging equipment can be controlled to move to the initial position as quickly as possible by controlling the three-dimensional power system of the dredging equipment without disturbing the sediment. During the movement of the layered dredging device, a dedicated person is required to assist the steel wire hose conveying pipeline to move synchronously and ensure that the connection is not interrupted.

[0171] (6) Repeat steps (4)-(5) through the management module until the target n-layer (n≥1) mobile underwater layered filling construction indoor simulation test is achieved;

[0172] (7) Measuring characteristic parameters of the dredging test through the measurement system: After the indoor simulation test of the multi-layer mobile underwater stratified dredging construction under this working condition is completed, the test is stopped. The management module shuts down the wave generator 32, the water tank circulating water pump P3, the mud input centrifugal pump P2, the water and sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 and all one-way valves. After the mud and sand in the water tank settle to clear water, the water in the test water tank is slowly drained. Cameras 1 and 2 in the measurement system are used to take pictures of the sediment in the test section. These pictures are used to measure the dredging characteristic parameters such as the dredging range, maximum and minimum dredging thickness and so on using image processing software. The probe is used to accurately measure the dredging thickness at specific measuring points. The key test parameters of the measurement system are compiled and output by the management system as experimental data charts.

[0173] (8) Clean the mud and sand in the test area of ​​the water tank. According to the test requirements, the key parameters such as the concentration of the conveying mud, the flow rate, the height of the dredging equipment from the bottom bed, the external water flow velocity, wave height, wave period, and the moving speed of the dredging equipment can be changed. Repeat steps (2)-(7) under the management module to realize the diversified adjustment of the mobile underwater layered dredging construction indoor simulation test.

[0174] Example 7

[0175] The length ratio of the application example test is 1:10. The test design parameters and prototype parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0176] Table 1 Parameter Table for This Example

[0177]

[0178] (2) Fill water tank 31 with water to the test water depth, turn on circulating water pump P3, set the speed of solenoid valve 34 according to the external flow rate of the test design, and adjust the water flow rate in the water tank to the design flow rate of 0.237m / s.

[0179] (3) Open the one-way valve F5 of the solid aggregate box and the one-way valve F1 of the water source pipeline. Inject a fixed proportion and mass of mud and water into the storage tank according to the test mud concentration. Open the one-way valve F2 of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline and simultaneously turn on the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump P1. After running for 1 minute, take mud samples through mud sampling port 15 to test the uniformity of mud mixing. During sampling, open the one-way valve F3 of the mud sampling port and simultaneously close the one-way valve F2 of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline. Take mud samples periodically through the mud sampling port and measure the mass of the sampled mud three times. Calculate the average mud concentration from the three sampling samples. If the mud concentration is basically consistent with the design concentration of 20%, the mud is considered uniformly mixed; otherwise, adjust the mud and water for further mixing. After sampling, immediately close the one-way valve F3 of the mud sampling port and simultaneously open the one-way valve F2 of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline. Maintain continuous mud circulation throughout the test to ensure that the mud input to the stratified filling equipment is always uniformly mixed.

[0180] (4) Open the mud input check valve F4 and the mud input centrifugal pump P2, and control the opening degree of the mud input check valve F4 so that the mud flow rate of the mud input pipeline measured by the flow measuring instrument 41 is the set flow rate of 0.006m³. 3 / s. The initial position, moving speed, moving direction, and moving distance of the three-dimensional dynamic system are set, so that the three-dimensional dynamic system, by controlling the installation of the dredging equipment, synchronously controls the dredging equipment to move along the water channel at the set moving speed until it reaches the set position, simulating the first layer of mobile dredging process. During the experiment, according to the experimental requirements, a flow velocity measuring instrument is controlled to measure the flow velocity at a specific water depth at a specific measuring point to measure the changes in the flow field.

[0181] (5) When the dredging equipment has been moved to the end position of the set moving distance, turn off the mud input centrifugal pump P2, and reset the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system so that the dredging equipment can be controlled to move to the initial position as quickly as possible by controlling the three-dimensional power system of the dredging equipment without disturbing the sediment. During the movement of the layered dredging device, a special person is required to assist the steel wire hose conveying pipeline to move synchronously and ensure that the connection is not interrupted.

[0182] (6) Repeat steps (4)-(5) until the target of 3-layer mobile underwater layered filling construction indoor simulation test is achieved;

[0183] (7) After the indoor simulation test of the multi-layer mobile underwater stratified dredging construction under this working condition is completed, the test is stopped, and the wave generator, water tank circulating water pump P3, mud input centrifugal pump P2, water and sand mixing centrifugal pump P1 and all one-way valves are turned off. After the mud and sand in the water tank settle to clear water, the water in the test water tank is slowly drained. The first camera 43 and the second camera 44 are used to take pictures of the sediment in the test section, which are used to measure the dredging characteristic parameters such as the dredging range, maximum and minimum dredging thickness and so on using image processing software in the later stage. The probe 45 is used to accurately measure the dredging thickness at a specific measuring point.

[0184] (8) Clean the mud and sand in the test area of ​​the water tank. According to the test requirements, the key parameters such as the concentration of the conveying mud, the flow rate, the height of the dredging equipment from the bottom bed, the external water flow velocity, wave height, wave period, and the moving speed of the dredging equipment can be changed. Repeat steps (2)-(7) to realize the indoor simulation test of mobile underwater layered dredging construction with diversified adjustment.

[0185] In summary, the use of simulation devices and experimental methods can simulate the construction environment of wind, waves and currents indoors, while ensuring uniform mud mixing in mobile layered dredging, providing a scientific means for in-depth research on precision dredging.

[0186] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for indoor simulation testing of mobile underwater layered reclamation construction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1) Design test parameters for the mud concentration, flow rate, water depth, height of the dredging equipment from the bed, external water flow velocity, wave height and wave period, initial position of the dredging equipment, and moving speed by inputting the module according to the principles of gravity similarity, geometric similarity and dynamic similarity; Step (2) Set the water depth, speed, and wave conditions through the input module; Step (3) Mix the mud evenly through the management module; Step (4) The three-dimensional power system of the layered filling device is precisely controlled through the management module to realize the refined operation of the first layer of mobile filling; Step (5) The management module controls the dredging equipment to complete the first layer of mobile dredging without disturbing the sediment; Step (6) repeats steps (4)-(5) through the management module to achieve a refined simulation of the target n-layer mobile underwater stratified reclamation, where n≥1; Step (7) Measure the characteristic parameters of the dredging test using a measurement system; Step (8) Clean the mud and sand in the water tank test area; The management module comprises four parts: a mud mixing management module, a construction environment simulation module, a layered filling simulation module, and a key parameter measurement module. The mud mixing management module includes: three mud concentration tests; a 5% error is considered a uniform mixture; precise mud concentration control is achieved through centrifugal pump self-circulation and adjustment of the mud-to-water mass ratio; and a quantitative relationship between the mud input check valve opening and flow rate is established. To achieve precise adjustment of mud flow rate, where Q0 represents the initial input mud flow rate. This represents the aperture corresponding to the initial input mud flow rate Q0. The range of variation is 0~1, where 0 represents no flow and 1 represents the maximum flow. Q represents the mud flow rate monitored during the experiment. This indicates the solenoid valve opening corresponding to the input mud flow rate Q; The layered dredging simulation management module controls the precise movement of the dredging equipment by quantitatively setting the speed, direction, and distance movement parameters of the three-dimensional dynamic system. The calculation formula is as follows: To achieve constant speed, direction, and distance movement of the dredging equipment along the water channel, where X1, Y1, and Z1 represent the target positions of the dredging equipment, X0, Y0, and Z0 represent the initial positions of the dredging equipment, and Sx, Sy, and Sz represent the distances; after dredging is completed, the three-dimensional power system is controlled to enable the dredging equipment to quickly return to the initial position without disturbing the deposited sediment, ensuring the precision of dredging; Among them, the construction environment simulation management module: controls the status of the circulating water pump through solenoid valves to achieve precise setting of water flow velocity; and simulates a precise wind and wave environment through quantitative adjustment of wave height and wave period parameters of the wave generator. Among them, the key parameter measurement and management module uses flow measurement instruments, velocity measurement instruments, cameras, and probe devices to perform real-time and accurate measurements of parameters such as flow rate, flow field, filling thickness, and filling range during the filling process, and outputs the data through charts and graphs to provide data support for refined control.

2. The simulation test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step (2) Set water depth, speed and wave conditions through the input module: fill water tank (31) to the test water depth, turn on water tank circulating water pump (P3), set the state of solenoid valve according to the external flow velocity of the test design, and adjust the water flow velocity in the water tank to the design flow velocity; adjust and set the wave height and wave period parameters of the wave generator to the design wave conditions according to the test wave conditions.

3. The simulation test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step (3) Mix the mud evenly through the management module: Open the one-way valve (F5) of the solid aggregate box and the one-way valve (F1) of the water source pipeline. According to the test mud concentration, inject the mud and water in a fixed proportion and mass into the storage tank. Open the one-way valve (F2) of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline and start the water-sand mixing centrifugal pump (P1) at the same time. After running for 1 minute, take mud through the mud sampling port to test the mud mixing uniformity. When taking samples, open the one-way valve (F3) of the mud sampling port and close the one-way valve of the water-sand self-circulation pipeline simultaneously. F2) Take mud samples at regular intervals through the mud sampling port, measure the mass of the sampled mud three times, and calculate the average mud concentration of the three samples. If the mud concentration of the sampled mud is consistent with the design concentration, it is considered that the mud is uniformly mixed. Otherwise, adjust the mud and water to mix further. After sampling, immediately close the one-way valve (F3) of the mud sampling port, and simultaneously open the one-way valve (F2) of the water and sand self-circulation pipeline. Keep the mud circulating continuously during the test to ensure that the mud input to the layered filling machine is always uniformly mixed mud.

4. The simulation test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step (4) Start the first layer of mobile shoveling through the management module: open the mud input check valve (F4) and the mud input centrifugal pump (P2), control the opening of the mud input check valve (F4) so ​​that the mud flow rate of the mud input pipeline measured by the flow measuring instrument (41) is the set flow rate; set the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system of the layered shoveling device so that the shoveling tool is moved along the water tank direction at the set moving speed until it reaches the set position by controlling the three-dimensional power system of the shoveling tool to move synchronously. Simulate the first layer of mobile shoveling process; during the test, according to the test requirements, control the flow velocity measuring instrument (42) to measure the flow velocity at the set water depth of the measuring point to measure the flow field change.

5. The simulation test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step (5) Complete the first layer of mobile dredging through the management module: When the dredging equipment moves to the set moving distance endpoint, turn off the mud input centrifugal pump (P2), and reset the moving speed, moving direction and moving distance of the three-dimensional power system of the layered dredging device, so that the layered dredging equipment can be quickly controlled to move to the initial position without disturbing the sediment. During the movement of the layered dredging device, a dedicated person is required to assist the steel wire hose conveying pipeline to move synchronously and ensure that the connection is not interrupted.

6. The simulation test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step (7) Measure the characteristic parameters of the dredging test through the measurement system: After the indoor simulation test of the multi-layer mobile underwater layered dredging construction under this working condition is completed, stop the test, and shut down the wave generator (32), water tank circulating water pump (P3), mud input centrifugal pump (P2), water and sand mixing centrifugal pump (P1) and all one-way valves by the management module. After the mud and sand in the water tank settle to clear water, slowly drain the water in the test water tank. Use camera 1 and camera 2 in the measurement system to take pictures of the sediment in the test section, which will be used to measure the dredging characteristic parameters such as the dredging range, maximum and minimum dredging thickness and so on by image processing software in the later stage. Use probes to accurately measure the dredging thickness at the measuring points. The key test parameters of the measurement system are compiled and output by the management system in the form of experimental data charts.

7. The simulation test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step (8) Clean the mud and sand in the test area of ​​the water tank. According to the test requirements, the key parameters such as the concentration of the conveying mud, the flow rate, the height of the dredging equipment from the bottom bed, the external water flow velocity, wave height, wave period, and the moving speed of the dredging equipment can be changed. Repeat steps (2)-(7) under the management module to realize the indoor simulation test of mobile underwater layered dredging construction with diversified adjustments.

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