Containerized water-cooled data center and control method

Abstract

The application provides a container type water-cooled data center and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of temperature control. The container type water-cooled data center comprises a computing power service cabinet system, a pump station control system, a plate unit and a power distribution cabinet unit arranged in a container, and further comprises an external liquid cooling system. The computing power service cabinet system comprises a plurality of independently operated modules, each module comprises a plurality of server cabinets, each server cabinet corresponds to a power distribution branch, the plurality of power distribution branches in the same module are collected into the same power distribution bus, the plurality of power distribution buses in the plurality of modules are collected into the same power distribution bus, and the power distribution bus is provided with a current switch for controlling the power distribution bus. The liquid cooling system cools and dissipates heat for the computing power service cabinet system through circulation of a medium. The plate unit serves as a bypass branch of the liquid cooling system and undertakes the heat exchange function of the liquid cooling system in part or in whole. The pump station control system provides power for the circulation of the medium. The application has high integration, small space occupation, high density in unit space, and is safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of temperature control technology, and relates to containerized data centers, and more particularly to containerized water-cooled data centers and control methods. Background Technology

[0002] In the era of big data explosion, especially with the development of AI technology, the amount of data is growing exponentially, prompting the continuous development of chip technology and increasingly higher chip integration. A large amount of computing power requires massive server racks to support it, and increasing the power density of a single rack has become a key solution to reconcile the ever-increasing computing power demand with the limited data center carrying capacity.

[0003] However, due to limitations in data center construction area and environmental regulations, increasing density has become crucial for improvement. The massive data throughput and computation have placed unprecedented energy consumption and heat dissipation challenges on data centers, which serve as the "brains" of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data. This development has led to a heat dissipation problem, with traditional air cooling systems gradually becoming overwhelmed. Against this backdrop, liquid cooling systems, which utilize liquid cooling technology and liquid-cooled servers, have emerged, providing a new solution for cooling high-heat-dissipation server equipment. In the field of data centers, there were previously no space limitations, and air cooling systems such as air conditioners were sufficient to meet cooling needs. With the increase in density, the liquid cooling system that has emerged is a completely new concept, and there are currently no mature water-cooled data centers on the market. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a containerized water-cooled data center and its control method. Water is used as the cooling medium, which is readily available and low in cost. Moreover, the reasonable layout structure results in higher efficiency and lower energy consumption, providing a good heat dissipation solution for high-density integration. The efficient cooling effect of liquid cooling technology effectively improves the utilization efficiency and stability of servers. At the same time, more servers can be arranged in a unit rack space, improving the computing efficiency of a unit rack. It also has the function of noise reduction, and the waste heat recovery and utilization can also create more economic value, further reducing the operating cost of the data center.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a containerized water-cooled data center, including a computing power service cabinet system, a pump station control system, a plate heat exchange unit and a power distribution cabinet unit installed inside the container, and also including a liquid cooling system installed outside the container;

[0006] The computing power service rack system includes multiple independently operating modules. Each module includes multiple server racks, and each server rack corresponds to a power distribution branch. Multiple power distribution branches in the same module converge into the same main power distribution bus. Multiple main power distribution buses in multiple modules converge into the same main power distribution bus. The main power distribution bus is equipped with a current switch to control it.

[0007] The liquid cooling system cools and dissipates heat from the computing service rack system through the circulation of a medium.

[0008] Plate heat exchanger units, as bypass branches of the liquid cooling system, undertake part or all of the heat exchange functions of the liquid cooling system.

[0009] The pump station control system provides the power for the flow of media.

[0010] Furthermore, each independent module of the computing power service rack system includes rack components, power distribution components, switch components, and water inlet / outlet components. The rack components have a frame structure and house multiple server racks. There are gaps between adjacent server racks. The water inlet / outlet components are connected to the inlet and outlet water pipes, respectively. There are valves between the water inlet / outlet components and the inlet water pipe to control the on / off of the pipes, and there are valves between the water inlet / outlet components and the outlet water pipe to control the on / off of the pipes. The power distribution components are used to electrically connect the server racks and the power distribution cabinet unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the water inlet and outlet assembly includes one inlet branch pipe and two outlet branch pipes, namely the first outlet branch pipe and the second outlet branch pipe. The upper ends of the first outlet branch pipe and the second outlet branch pipe are connected. The first outlet branch pipe is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet pipe on the server rack, and the lower end of the second outlet branch pipe is connected to the return water pipe. The lower end of the inlet branch pipe is connected to the inlet pipe, the upper end is closed, and the side is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet pipe of the server rack. The medium enters the server rack through the inlet branch pipe. After heat exchange is completed inside the server rack, the high-temperature medium outlet pipe enters the first outlet branch pipe. Then, the high-temperature medium enters the second outlet branch pipe from the upper end and then enters the return water pipe from the lower end.

[0012] Furthermore, the cabinet assembly also includes a back panel and a tray. The back panel is located on the side of the water inlet / outlet assembly, with the bottom of the back panel lower than the top of the water inlet / outlet assembly and the top of the back panel higher than the top of the water inlet / outlet assembly. The tray is located at the top of the uppermost server cabinet in the module.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid cooling system includes a cooling tower, an inlet water pipe, a return water pipe, and a distribution water pipe. The cooling tower supplies the low-temperature medium to the computing service cabinet system through the inlet water pipe, then enters the computing service cabinet system through the distribution water pipe, and finally flows back to the cooling tower through the return water pipe. The inlet water pipe is equipped with a main filter, a turbine flow meter, a pressure transmitter, and a temperature transmitter. The main filter is used to filter impurities in the medium, the pressure transmitter is used to monitor the pressure and upload it to the power distribution cabinet unit in a timely manner, and the temperature transmitter is used to monitor the inlet water temperature and upload it to the power distribution cabinet unit in a timely manner. The return water pipe is also equipped with a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter, and their functions are the same as those in the inlet water pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the plate heat exchanger unit includes a bypass pipeline and a plate heat exchanger. One end of the bypass pipeline is connected to the return water pipeline, and the other end is connected to the plate heat exchanger as the high-temperature medium inlet. The part connected to the return water pipeline is located between the main circulating water pump and the cooling tower. The plate heat exchanger has two outlets, one connected to the inlet water pipeline and the other as the heating outlet. The end connected to the inlet water pipeline is located between the main filter and the cooling tower. A regulating valve is installed on the pipeline where the heating outlet is located to control the heating flow rate.

[0015] The plate heat exchanger is also equipped with a heating water inlet, which is used as a supplementary heat source for heating.

[0016] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet water pipes converge at the lower end of the computing power service cabinet system modules. The inlet water pipes bypass the farthest module in the computing power service cabinet system and then end at the module closest to the cooling system, entering each independent module of the computing power service cabinet system.

[0017] Furthermore, a water replenishment assembly is provided between the water pipe and the return water pipe to connect the two. The water replenishment assembly includes a water replenishment pipe, one end of which is located between the main filter of the inlet water pipe and the computing power service cabinet system, and the other end of which is located between the computing power service cabinet system and the main circulation pump. The water replenishment pipe is provided with a water replenishment tank, a liquid replenishment filter, a liquid replenishment pump, a check valve and an electric ball valve in sequence from the inlet water pipe to the return water pipe. A safety valve is provided between the water replenishment tank and the inlet water pipe.

[0018] Control methods for containerized water-cooled data centers, including switchable manual and automatic modes;

[0019] In manual mode, the main circulation pump, replenishment pump, fans on the container, fans on the cooling tower, spray pumps on the cooling tower, and other equipment can be manually started and stopped.

[0020] Automatic operation mode: Upon receiving a local or remote start command, the liquid cooling system automatically starts and monitors its operation and detects system faults based on the set parameters. The PLC monitors the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays the abnormal parameters of the liquid cooling system locally, with the error indicator light illuminating. When the parameters are seriously out of control and may affect the safe operation of the cooled components, the error alarm indicator light illuminates, and an error alarm is automatically issued. The control cabinet unit then conducts formal debugging and optimization based on the alarm situation.

[0021] The main circulation pump, replenishment pump, cooling tower fan, etc. are automatically controlled by PLC according to the actual working conditions;

[0022] The pump station control system controls the start and stop of the cooling tower fan based on the temperature transmitter on the inlet pipe and the outdoor ambient temperature transmitter, but does not control the operating status of the cooling tower fan.

[0023] In automatic mode: Upon receiving a local or remote start command, the liquid cooling system starts automatically and monitors the operation of the liquid cooling system and detects system faults according to the set parameters. The PLC automatically adjusts the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays any deviations in the liquid cooling system parameters locally, with error indicator lights illuminating.

[0024] Follow these control principles

[0025] The main circulation pump starts automatically; the control cabinet unit controls the frequency through a PID controller, compares the set value with the reference value, and controls the flow rate based on the comparison result.

[0026] The cooling tower fan starts automatically; the control cabinet unit controls the frequency through a PID controller, compares the set value with the reference value, and controls the temperature based on the comparison result.

[0027] When the spray pump on the cooling tower starts, the temperature transmitter inside the cooling tower automatically turns on if the temperature exceeds the set value, and automatically turns off if the temperature falls below the set value.

[0028] When the butterfly valve controlling the on / off state on the return water pipeline is activated, it automatically opens when the temperature transmitter on the return water pipeline exceeds the set value; it automatically closes when the temperature transmitter on the return water pipeline falls below the set value; the butterfly valve controlling the on / off state on the bypass pipeline automatically follows the reverse switch.

[0029] When the replenishing pump replenishes liquid, it automatically starts when the pressure transmitter on the inlet pipe exceeds the set value; it automatically stops when the pressure transmitter on the inlet pipe falls below the set value; the ball valve on the replenishing pipe that controls the on / off state switches in the same direction as the replenishing pump.

[0030] The container is equipped with an internal fan and a temperature and humidity transmitter. If the temperature and humidity transmitter value exceeds the set value, the fan will turn on automatically; if the temperature and humidity transmitter value is less than the set value, the fan will turn off automatically.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects.

[0032] 1. The entire structure of this invention adopts a modular design, consisting of a computing power service cabinet system, a pump station control system, a board switching unit, a power distribution cabinet unit, and a liquid cooling system. Each module can be independently assembled into a modular structure. Multiple modules can be assembled simultaneously outside the container, and then connected and assembled together inside the container after each module is assembled. This simultaneous assembly improves efficiency, and assembly outside the container is not limited by space, further improving assembly efficiency and facilitating subsequent maintenance. When local maintenance is needed, individual modules can be replaced and repaired, allowing for quick identification and replacement of the points requiring maintenance. Furthermore, the computing power service cabinet system is divided into multiple modules arranged in parallel, each of which can be independently assembled. The system operates independently, with each module having its own independent power distribution, controllable via corresponding switch components. Multiple modules can also be controlled via a main power distribution bus, allowing for simultaneous operation or selective operation of one or more modules as needed, thus reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the server racks within each module are arranged parallel from top to bottom, with each rack connected to the same bus via branch power distribution lines. If one server fails, it can be directly replaced without affecting the operation and connection of other servers. This structure effectively achieves a three-tiered modular setup, significantly improving assembly efficiency, reducing subsequent maintenance costs, and enhancing equipment operational stability.

[0033] 2. Based on the above, the present invention has an independent control valve when the water inlet pipe enters each independent module, and an independent control valve is also provided between each module and the return water pipe. This ensures that the liquid cooling system can independently operate to cool each module in the computing power service cabinet system. The independent operation and corresponding functions of each module are independent, forming independent modules. Further, the modules can be disassembled, and multiple modules can cooperate with each other while remaining independent, reducing energy consumption.

[0034] 3. The power distribution method of the present invention has a simple structure and is more convenient and faster to operate. The server racks in the computing power service rack system are unified into the same power distribution bus. Multiple power distribution buses are gathered into the same main power distribution bus. When multiple containers are used in parallel, multiple main power distribution buses are gathered into the same general higher-level bus. The bus structure is simple, which is conducive to realizing modular connection, and the connection is more reliable and stable.

[0035] 4. This invention incorporates a plate heat exchanger unit, which can function as a heating unit to recover waste heat. When the external cold source of the liquid cooling system is insufficient to meet the total heat dissipation requirements of the liquid cooling system, a portion of the high-temperature cooling medium is bypassed through the liquid cooling system's pipes to the plate heat exchanger unit. The plate heat exchanger unit exchanges heat with the external low-temperature fluid, removing some heat to meet the total heat dissipation requirements of the liquid cooling system. The high-temperature cooling medium then becomes a low-temperature cooling medium and re-enters the pipe before the distribution water pipe, thus entering the low-temperature cooling medium transmission pipe, forming a medium circulation within the plate heat exchanger unit. When heating is required, the external cold source is shut off, and the total heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system is handled by the plate heat exchanger unit. Through heat exchange with the external low-temperature fluid, it removes the total heat load of the computing power server rack system, while simultaneously heating the external low-temperature fluid to output a high-temperature fluid, achieving the purpose of heating, saving energy, and reducing the unit computing power cost.

[0036] 5. The inlet and outlet water components in this application can ensure that the medium follows the same path during the cooling process of the server rack, thus ensuring uniform flow, guaranteeing cooling effect, and providing better balance. More preferably, air vents are provided on the inlet branch pipe, the first outlet branch pipe, and the second outlet branch pipe to vent the gas in the pipes, ensuring smooth flow of the medium, maintaining the density of the medium, and preventing excessive gas from corroding the pipes, thereby extending the service life of the pipes.

[0037] 6. This application is equipped with a back plate and a tray. The back plate effectively prevents leaked media from splashing onto the main distribution bus. The tray plays a certain role in receiving and diverting the current when there is a large amount of media, so as to avoid affecting the main distribution bus. At the same time, it provides a certain protection for the protector, improves safety performance, and avoids safety hazards. This is also crucial and is a key requirement for bus applications.

[0038] 7. In this application, the water inlet pipe bypasses the farthest module in the computing power service cabinet system, and then ends at the module closest to the cooling system, entering each independent module of the computing power service cabinet system. This structural design is equivalent to the water inlet pipe taking a detour. In a container with limited and compact space, the water inlet pipe is bypassed to reduce the pressure balance of the water inlet, reduce the impact on the return water pipe, avoid problems such as piping during the water inlet and return process, and help maintain the pressure balance in the return water pipe and keep the water inlet speed constant. This is of great help to the safety and service life of the water inlet pipe.

[0039] 8. In this application, the power of the main circulating water pump is selected based on the medium flow rate and the medium transmission path. The power of the main circulating water pump is determined, and the specifications of the main circulating water pump are determined based on the power. The total power is greater than the theoretically calculated power. Low-frequency operation is selected to reduce vibration, ensure better stability of the entire system, make the performance of each component more reliable, and reduce the vibration of the entire housing. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a structural layout diagram of the containerized water-cooled data center of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the containerized water-cooled data center of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the board switching unit of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water replenishment component of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling tower structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is an explanatory table of illustrations and names of graphic symbols in this invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This invention relates to a table for the first character and description of letter symbols;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a side view structural schematic diagram of one of the modules of the computing power service cabinet system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a top view structural diagram of one of the modules of the computing power service cabinet system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 8 Detailed drawing of Part A;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power distribution electrical components of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the bus layout in the computing power service cabinet system of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 13 This is the logic control diagram of the containerized water-cooled data center control method of the present invention. Attached image description:

[0055] 1. Computing power service cabinet system; 11. Cabinet components; 12. Power distribution electrical components; 121. Power distribution branch; 122. Power distribution bus; 13. Switch components; 14. Water inlet and outlet components; 141. Water inlet branch pipe; 142. Water outlet branch pipe; 15. Server cabinet; 16. Backplane; 17. Tray; 2. Pump station control system; 21. Main circulation pump; 3. Plate heat exchanger unit; 31. Bypass pipeline; 32. Plate heat exchanger; 33. Regulating valve; 4. Power distribution cabinet unit; 5. Liquid cooling system; 51. Inlet water pipe; 511. Main filter; 512. Turbine flow meter; 513. Temperature transmitter; 515. Pressure transmitter; 52. Return water pipe; 53. Cooling tower; 6. Water supply assembly; 61. Water supply pipe; 62. Water supply tank; 63. Water supply filter; 64. Water supply pump; 65. Check valve; 66. Safety valve; 7. Container; 71. Fan; 72. Temperature and humidity transmitter; 73. Leakage transmitter; 8. Main power distribution busbar. Detailed Implementation

[0056] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] In layman's terms, "computing power" refers to the ability to process data. From small mobile phones and laptops to large supercomputers, computing power exists in various smart hardware devices; without computing power, there would be no normal application of various software and hardware. Artificial intelligence is not without its own origins; every time AI completes facial recognition or every speech-to-text conversion, it requires the computing power support of hardware chips.

[0061] Taking the average person as an example, the laptops around us come in different configurations and prices, mainly depending on the differences in the CPU, graphics card, and memory. High-configuration laptops have higher computing power and can play games with higher configuration requirements, as well as run more memory-intensive 3D and audio-visual software. Low-configuration laptops have insufficient computing power and can only play ordinary games and run ordinary office software. Similarly, when playing online games, the higher the computing power of the phone, the smoother the game will be; if the computing power of the phone is insufficient, the game will lag and stutter.

[0062] A liquid-cooled server is a server in which liquid is injected into the server, and heat is dissipated through heat exchange. From a physical perspective, there are two types: cold-plate liquid-cooled servers and fully immersed liquid-cooled servers.

[0063] Cold plate liquid-cooled servers, also known as plate-cooled servers, utilize a working fluid as an intermediate heat transfer medium to transfer heat from the hot zone to a distant location for cooling. In this technology, the working fluid is separated from the object being cooled; the working fluid does not directly contact the electronic components. Instead, the heat from the object being cooled is transferred to the refrigerant through highly efficient heat conduction components such as liquid cooling plates. Essentially, the server's high-heat-generating components are attached to a cold plate, and the liquid circulates within the cold plate to carry away heat. Therefore, cold plate liquid cooling technology is also called indirect liquid cooling technology. This technology directly directs the coolant to the heat source. Furthermore, because liquid has a higher specific heat than air, its heat dissipation rate is much greater than that of air, resulting in a cooling efficiency far exceeding that of air cooling. The heat transferred per unit volume (i.e., the heat dissipation efficiency) can reach up to 1000 times, effectively solving the heat dissipation problem of high-density servers, reducing cooling system energy consumption, and lowering noise.

[0064] A plate heat exchanger is a high-efficiency heat exchanger composed of a series of corrugated metal plates stacked together. It consists of many stamped corrugated thin plates spaced at regular intervals, sealed around the edges with gaskets, and then overlapped and pressed together by a frame and clamping screws. The four corner holes of the plates and gaskets form distribution and collection pipes for the fluid, while also effectively separating hot and cold fluids, allowing them to flow in the channels on both sides of each plate for heat exchange. Thin rectangular channels are formed between the plates, facilitating heat exchange. Plate heat exchangers are ideal for liquid-liquid and liquid-vapor heat exchange. They feature high heat exchange efficiency, low heat loss, compact and lightweight structure, small footprint, wide application, and long service life.

[0065] A cooling tower is a device that uses water as a circulating coolant to absorb heat from a system and release it into the atmosphere to lower the water temperature. Its cooling effect is achieved by the heat exchange between water and air flow to generate steam. The steam evaporates and carries away the heat, thus dissipating the waste heat generated in industrial processes or refrigeration and air conditioning systems to lower the water temperature and ensure the normal operation of the system. The device is generally barrel-shaped, hence the name cooling tower.

[0066] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention is a containerized water-cooled data center, targeting a rack-type plate cooling system, including a computing power service rack system 1, a pump station control system 2, a plate heat exchange unit 3 and a power distribution cabinet unit 4 installed inside the container 7, and also includes a liquid cooling system 5 installed outside the container 7.

[0067] The computing power service rack system 1 has a modular structure and is stacked in parallel. The computing power service rack system 1 generates heat during operation.

[0068] The liquid cooling system 5 provides a low-temperature medium, preferably water in this application. The low-temperature cooling medium is distributed to each server rack of the computing service system 1 through pipelines under the pump pressure of the pump station. Under the distribution of the water distribution pipelines, the low-temperature cooling medium enters each server rack of the computing service system 1 and exchanges heat with the computing service system 1 to remove heat. The high-temperature cooling medium coming out of the computing service system 1 enters the external cold source, namely the liquid cooling system 5 outside the container 7, through the pipelines of the liquid cooling system 5, and exchanges heat with the low-temperature outdoor air. The high-temperature cooling medium becomes a low-temperature cooling medium and then enters the system again, forming a cycle. This cycle repeats continuously, removing the working heat generated by the computing service system 1.

[0069] The heat exchanger unit 3 serves as a heating unit. When the external cold source of the liquid cooling system 5 is insufficient to meet the total heat dissipation requirements of the liquid cooling system 5, the high-temperature cooling medium flows through a bypass portion of the liquid cooling system 5's pipes to the heat exchanger unit 3. Through the heat exchanger unit 3, it exchanges heat with the external low-temperature fluid, carrying away some heat to meet the total heat dissipation requirements of the liquid cooling system. The high-temperature cooling medium then becomes a low-temperature cooling medium and re-enters the pipe before the distribution water pipe, thus entering the low-temperature cooling medium transmission pipe, forming a medium circulation in the heat exchanger unit 3. When heating is required, the external cold source is turned off, and the total heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system 5 is borne by the heat exchanger unit 3. Through heat exchange with the external low-temperature fluid, it carries away the total heat load of the computing power service cabinet system 1, while simultaneously heating the external low-temperature fluid and outputting high-temperature fluid to achieve the purpose of heating.

[0070] The plate heat exchanger unit 3 includes a bypass pipe 31 and a plate heat exchanger 32. One end of the bypass pipe 31 is connected to the return water pipe 52, and the other end is connected to the plate heat exchanger 32 as a high-temperature medium inlet. The part connected to the return water pipe 52 is located between the main circulating water pump and the cooling tower 53. The plate heat exchanger 32 has two outlets, one connected to the inlet pipe 51 and the other as a heating outlet. The end connected to the inlet pipe 51 is located between the main filter 511 and the cooling tower 53. A regulating valve 33 is installed on the pipe where the heating outlet is located to control the heating flow. In addition, the plate heat exchanger 32 also has a heating inlet for use as a supplementary heat source for heating.

[0071] In the data center of this application, the computing power service rack system 1 is centrally located with high density. After being installed inside a single container 7, the power can reach up to 900KW. After cooling, it can remove more than 98% of the heat emitted by the computing power service rack system 1. For example, if the computing power service rack system 1 emits 1000KW of heat, after heat exchange, 98% of the heat, or 980KW, can be removed. The heat can be dissipated through the cooling tower 53. In the plate heat exchange unit 3 of this application, the high-temperature medium after heat exchange can be recycled and reused for heating needs, realizing the recovery and reuse of heat. The regulating valve 33 can adjust and control the amount of residual heat available. If the heating is insufficient, the plate heat exchange unit 3 is also equipped with heating water inlet to meet normal heating needs. The heat supplied by the plate heat exchange unit 3 for cooling and heat dissipation can serve as a heat supplement to the overall heating unit. The portion of heat recovery and reuse can generate certain economic benefits, reduce the cost of the structure of this application, reduce the cost per unit of computing power to a certain extent, and enhance the competitive advantage of the product.

[0072] The computing power service cabinet system 1 includes multiple modules arranged in parallel. In this application, there are 5 modules, namely cabinet module 1, cabinet module 2, cabinet module 3, cabinet module 4 and cabinet module 5. The computing power service cabinet system 1 forms a rectangular structure as a whole. A water inlet pipe 51 is set on one side along the long direction, and a water return pipe 52 is set on the other side.

[0073] Each independent module includes a rack assembly 11, a power distribution assembly 12, a switch assembly 13, and a water inlet / outlet assembly 14. The rack assembly 11 is a frame structure made of sheet metal, with multiple layers of server racks 15 fixed inside from bottom to top. Gaps are provided between adjacent server racks 15. Each server rack 15 houses a server. The water inlet / outlet assembly 14 is connected to an inlet pipe 51 and a return pipe 52, respectively. During the flow of the medium, heat is exchanged between the server racks 15, carrying away the heat dissipated by the server racks 15. The switch assembly 13 is located at the top of the rack assembly 11, allowing independent control of each individual module. Each module can be operated independently, multiple modules can operate simultaneously, or multiple modules or a single module can be selectively activated. This allows for selection based on computing power requirements, minimizing energy consumption while meeting the needs, resulting in greater energy efficiency. Furthermore, each module has valves controlling the on / off flow between its inlet / outlet water components 14 and the inlet water pipe 51, as well as between the inlet water component 14 and the return water pipe 52, effectively functioning as an independent module. The heat exchange system can also operate independently. The electrical distribution component 12 is used to electrically connect the server rack 15 and the power distribution cabinet unit 4. Each module has a module current switch at its top to control the operation of the entire module.

[0074] The water inlet / outlet assembly 14 includes one inlet branch pipe 141 and two outlet branch pipes 142, which are designated as the first outlet branch pipe 142 and the second outlet branch pipe 142, respectively. The upper ends of the first outlet branch pipe 142 and the second outlet branch pipe 142 are connected. The first outlet branch pipe 142 is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet pipe on the server rack 15, and the lower end of the second outlet branch pipe 142 is connected to the return water pipe 52. The lower end of the inlet branch pipe 141 is connected to the inlet pipe 51, the upper end is closed, and the side is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet pipe of the server rack 15. The medium enters the server rack 15 through the inlet branch pipe 141 and flows into the server rack 15. After the heat exchange is completed, the high-temperature water outlet pipe of the medium enters the first water outlet branch pipe 142, and then the high-temperature medium enters the second water outlet branch pipe 142 from the top and then enters the return water pipe 52 from the bottom. This ensures that the medium follows the same path during the cooling process of the server rack 15, ensuring uniform flow and guaranteeing the cooling effect and better balance. More preferably, air vents are provided on the inlet branch pipe 141, the first water outlet branch pipe 142 and the second water outlet branch pipe 142 to vent the gas in the pipes, ensuring smooth flow of the medium, maintaining the density of the medium, and preventing excessive gas from corroding the pipes, thus extending the service life of the pipes.

[0075] For example: The height of the inlet branch pipe 141 and the outlet branch pipe 142 is 1.8 meters. If it is the lowest server rack 15, the flow height in the inlet branch pipe 141 is 0 meters, the rising distance in the first outlet branch pipe 142 is 1.8 meters, the falling distance in the second outlet branch pipe 142 is 1.8 meters, and the distance traveled by the medium through the lowest server rack 15 is 3.6 meters. If it is the highest server rack 15, the flow distance in the inlet branch pipe 141 is 1.8 meters, the flow distance in the first outlet branch pipe 142 is 0 meters, and the falling distance in the second outlet branch pipe 142 is 1.8 meters. The descent distance within the central server rack 15 is 1.8 meters, and the total travel distance is 3.6 meters. Taking the central server rack 15 as an example, the lifting distance within the inlet branch pipe 141 is 0.9 meters, the rising distance within the first outlet branch pipe 142 after heat exchange is 0.9 meters, and the descent distance within the second outlet branch pipe 142 is 1.8 meters, totaling 3.8 meters. Therefore, during the heat exchange process within each server rack, the distance the medium travels is the same, the heat exchange is balanced, and the pressure on the pipes is also balanced, which is beneficial to the stability of the entire structure. At the same time, it is designed in conjunction with the return water pipe 52 to further enhance the stability of the pressure within the pipes.

[0076] The power distribution electrical component 12 includes power distribution branches 121 and power distribution busbars 122. One server rack 15 corresponds to one power distribution branch 121. Multiple power distribution branches 121 in the same module converge into the same power distribution busbar 122. Multiple power distribution busbars 122 in multiple modules converge into the same main power distribution busbar 8. The main power distribution busbar 8 is located at the upper end of the computing power service rack system 1 and is controlled by a main current switch. The main power distribution busbar 8 is equipped with a main current switch. The structure of power distribution busbars 122 and main power distribution busbar 8 has a large current capacity, is easy and precise to install, and the connection is more reliable. Moreover, it is less likely to have excess cables at the lower end. This structure is also conducive to passing UR certification and international sales of products. In addition, the parallel structure of multiple modules makes the busbar simpler, the structure more compact, improves space utilization, and breaks through the traditional wiring method.

[0077] The modular design allows for independent installation layer by layer from bottom to top. Once installed and fixed, minimal alterations are required. Disassembly simplifies the process, requiring only minor modifications, such as replacing the individual server rack 15. This results in higher space utilization and easier operation for assembly personnel, improving assembly efficiency. Furthermore, modules can be pre-installed outside the container 7, allowing for simultaneous installation of multiple modules and further enhancing efficiency. The current system power is 900KW, with a total current of 1600A.

[0078] In this application, the main power distribution busbar 8 is exposed, and the cooling medium is water. It is necessary to ensure the busbar's normal operation should the water leak. To address this, this application includes a corresponding structure. The rack assembly 11 also includes a backplate 16 and a tray 17. The backplate 16 is located on the side of the water inlet / outlet assembly 14. The lowest point of the backplate 16 is lower than the upper point of the water inlet / outlet assembly 14, and the highest point is higher than the upper point of the water inlet / outlet assembly 14. The highest point of the backplate 16 is positioned close to the top of the rack assembly 11. The tray 17 is located on top of the uppermost server rack 15 in the module. The backplate 16 effectively prevents leakage. When the medium splashes onto the main distribution busbar 8, the tray 17 serves to receive and guide the flow when there is a large amount of medium, preventing it from affecting the main distribution busbar 8. It also provides some protection for the protector. The isolation between the back plate 16 and the tray does not form a sealed space, because sealing would affect heat dissipation performance. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the leakage of medium will not affect the main distribution busbar 8. Under the premise of ensuring that it is not sealed, protection is provided. Even if water accumulates below after the water flows out, it will not splash onto the busbar, improving safety performance and avoiding safety hazards. This is also crucial and a key requirement for busbar applications.

[0079] In this application, multiple containers 7 can also be connected in parallel, with multiple containers 7 grouped together on a total current control bus. The structure of multiple containers 7 can be operated and controlled simultaneously, or each container 7 can be controlled individually.

[0080] The liquid cooling system 5 includes a cooling tower 53, an inlet water pipe 51, a return water pipe 52, and a distribution water pipe. The cooling tower 53 continuously provides a low-temperature medium to achieve temperature exchange and heat dissipation between the high and low temperature media. The cooling tower 53 supplies the low-temperature medium to the computing power service rack system 1 through the inlet water pipe 51, then enters the computing power service rack system 1 through the distribution water pipe, and finally returns to the cooling tower 53 through the return water pipe 52. The inlet water pipe 51 is equipped with a main filter 511, a turbine flow meter 512, a pressure transmitter 515, and a temperature transmitter 513. The main filter 511 is used to filter impurities in the medium. To ensure the purity of the medium and allow for its reuse, the pressure transmitter 515 monitors the pressure and transmits the data to the distribution cabinet unit 4 in a timely manner. This controls the pressure in the inlet pipe 51, preventing excessive pressure from causing pipe bursts and improving safety. The temperature transmitter 513 monitors the inlet water temperature and transmits the data to the distribution cabinet unit 4 in a timely manner. This controls the temperature in the inlet pipe 51, ensuring the cooling effect. The return water pipe 52 is also equipped with a pressure transmitter 515 and a temperature transmitter 513, which serve the same purpose as those in the inlet pipe 51.

[0081] Cooling tower 53 is a wet-bulb closed-circuit cooling tower. At a wet-bulb temperature of 28℃ (dry-bulb temperature of 36℃), it meets the following requirements: heat dissipation capacity ≥ 900kW (10% margin, maximum heat dissipation 1MW) and flow rate ≥ 65m³ / h. 3 / h, pressure loss ≤50kPa, materials in contact with the cooling medium are made of 304 stainless steel, etc., and the cooling tower fan and water pump are both of fixed frequency.

[0082] The electrical components used for monitoring parameters can be commercially available, or other commercially available electrical components with the same function can be used to replace the parts in this application. This is a technical means known to those skilled in the art and is within the scope of protection of this application. The working principle of some commercially available electrical components is explained as follows: the working principle of a single component is known, but different setting requirements exist in different application environments. How to set them up and how multiple electrical components cooperate with each other are not known.

[0083] The pressure transmitter 515 is a device that converts pressure into a pneumatic or electric signal for control and remote transmission. The temperature transmitter uses thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) as temperature sensing elements. The signal output from the temperature sensing element is sent to the transmitter module, where it is processed by circuits such as voltage regulation and filtering, operational amplification, nonlinear correction, V / I conversion, constant current, and reverse protection. The signal is then converted into a 4-20mA current signal or a 0-5V / 0-10V voltage signal that is linearly related to the temperature, and outputs an RS485 digital signal. In short, the temperature is converted into an electrical signal for control and remote transmission. In this application, both the pressure transmitter 515 and the temperature transmitter are electrically connected to the distribution cabinet unit 4 to monitor temperature and pressure, and to control and regulate them in a timely manner.

[0084] The turbine flow meter 512 is a velocity-type flow meter with temperature and pressure compensation functions.

[0085] At low temperatures, the cooling medium can be changed. Oil or other media can be used. Oil has better low-temperature resistance and will not freeze, maintaining its fluidity. In most cases, water cooling is sufficient. Water cooling offers better heat dissipation than oil cooling and is also cheaper. Using the same system, different media can meet cooling needs in different environments, broadening its application range. The medium can also be adjusted to other media depending on the specific application, resulting in cost differences. The choice depends on the situation and is easily conceived by those skilled in the art. For example, during winter testing, a mixture of ethylene glycol and pure water can be used. Water cooling is currently the most cost-effective option.

[0086] The inlet pipe 51 and the return pipe 52 converge at the lower end of the computing power service cabinet system 1 module. The inlet pipe 51 detours around the module furthest from the computing power service cabinet system 1, and then ends at the module closest to the cooling system, entering each independent module of the computing power service cabinet system 1. This structural design is equivalent to the inlet pipe 51 taking a detour. In the limited and compact space of the container 7, the detour of the inlet pipe 51 is to reduce the pressure balance of the inlet water, reduce the impact on the return pipe 52, avoid problems such as piping during the water intake and exhaust process, and help maintain the pressure balance in the return pipe 52 and keep the water intake speed constant. This is of great help to the safety and service life of the inlet pipe 51.

[0087] A water replenishment assembly 6 is also provided between the inlet pipe 51 and the return pipe 52, connecting the two. The water replenishment assembly 6 includes a water replenishment pipe 61, one end of which is located between the main filter 511 of the inlet pipe 51 and the computing power service cabinet system 1, and the other end of which is located between the computing power service cabinet system 1 and the main circulation pump 21. The water replenishment pipe 61 is provided with a water replenishment tank 62, a replenishment filter, a replenishment pump, a check valve 65, and an electric ball valve in sequence from the inlet pipe 51 to the return pipe 52. A safety valve 66 is provided between the water replenishment tank 62 and the inlet pipe. When the water in the inlet pipe 51 is filled with water, the safety valve 66 is installed. When the pressure is too high, the low-temperature medium enters the water replenishment tank 62 through the safety valve 66. At the same time, water in the water replenishment tank 62 can also be added manually. If the pressure in the return water pipe 52 is too low, the replenishment pump starts and the electric ball valve opens. The medium in the water replenishment tank 62 passes through the replenishment filter, and then enters the return water pipe 52 through the check valve 65 and the electric ball valve. The water replenishment pipe 61 is designed to ensure the pressure balance in the inlet water pipe 51 and the return water pipe 52. More preferably, the water replenishment tank 62 is provided with a filling and draining port to adjust the amount of liquid in the water replenishment tank 62.

[0088] Safety valve 66 is a special valve that is normally closed when its opening and closing elements are subjected to external force. When the pressure of the medium in the equipment or pipeline rises above the specified value, it prevents the pressure of the medium in the pipeline or equipment from exceeding the specified value by discharging the medium to the outside of the system.

[0089] The pump station control system 2 controls the start and stop of the cooling tower fan based on the temperature transmitter on the main liquid supply pipeline and the outdoor ambient temperature, but does not control the operating status of the cooling tower fan. In automatic mode: after receiving a local start command or a remote start command, the liquid cooling system 5 starts automatically, and monitors the operating status of the liquid cooling system 5 and detects system faults according to the set parameters. The electrical control unit is controlled by a PLC program. The PLC automatically adjusts the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays the abnormal parameters of the liquid cooling system 5 locally in a timely manner, and the error signal light illuminates.

[0090] The pump station control unit includes a main circulation pump 21, which is installed on the return water pipe 52. The power of the main circulation pump is selected based on the medium flow rate and the medium transmission path. The power of the main circulation pump is determined based on the power, and the specifications of the main circulation pump are determined based on the power. In this application, there are certain requirements for the selection. Considering multiple factors, the total power is greater than the theoretically calculated power, and the safety factor is greater than 1.5. Because the pump vibrates a lot when it is running at full frequency, this application selects a pump with a larger power and selects low-frequency operation to reduce vibration, ensure better stability of the entire system, make the performance of each component more reliable, and reduce the vibration of the entire housing.

[0091] The maximum dimensions of container 7 are L6058xW2438xH2896 (mm), meeting the requirements of China Classification Society (CCS) and UL certifications. Container 7 has an overall protection rating of IP53 and is made of SPA-H steel plate or similar weathering steel plate. It has a corrosion resistance rating of C3, and all door frame waterproofing panels are sealed to prevent leakage. The bottom features a raised electrostatic floor design. More importantly, container 7 is equipped with a fan 71 to facilitate airflow inside and outside the container, dissipating minimal heat in this way. Furthermore, container 7 is equipped with a temperature and humidity transmitter 72 to monitor temperature and humidity. Leakage transmitters 73, also known as leakage current transmitters, are located on both sides of container 7, transmitting data to the control cabinet unit to detect current, prevent leakage, and ensure safety. Leakage current sensor is a device that converts the measured AC micro-current or DC isolation current into a linear proportional DC current, voltage and current transmitter, or standard analog signal or RS485 digital signal based on the electromagnetic isolation and magnetic modulation working principle of current transformer. It is widely used for real-time monitoring of the insulation status of busbars and branches in DC and AC power supply systems.

[0092] The power distribution cabinet unit 4 provides AC power to the liquid cooling system 5: one three-phase four-wire 415V±10%, 60Hz AC power supply. Reliable grounding must be provided on site. At the same time, it serves as the control center, receiving information transmitted from various electrical components and controlling and adjusting according to the transmitted signals to ensure the stability and safety of equipment operation. The power supply of the control cabinet in the computing service cabinet system 1 is drawn from the main power distribution cabinet. In this application, a 1600A current main control switch is set. The setting of the main switch is also the key to realizing the current structure.

[0093] like Figure 13 As shown, the control method for the containerized Type 7 water-cooled data center includes the following steps:

[0094] The liquid cooling control system operates in two modes: manual and automatic, which are controlled via a touchscreen on the control cabinet unit.

[0095] In manual mode, the main circulation pump 21, the replenishment pump, the fan 71 on the container 7, the fan 71 on the cooling tower 53, the spray pump on the cooling tower 53, and other equipment can be manually started and stopped. The spray pump is part of the cooling tower 53.

[0096] Automatic operation mode: Upon receiving a local or remote start command, the liquid cooling system 5 starts automatically and monitors its operation status and detects system faults according to the set parameters. The PLC monitors the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays the error signal light locally when the parameters of the liquid cooling system 5 exceed the standard. When the parameters are seriously exceeded and may affect the safe operation of the cooled components, the error alarm signal light is displayed locally and an error alarm is automatically issued. The control cabinet unit then conducts formal debugging and optimization based on the alarm situation.

[0097] The main circulation pump 21, replenishment pump, cooling tower fan, etc. are automatically controlled by PLC according to the actual working conditions.

[0098] The pump station control system 2 controls the start and stop of the cooling tower fan based on the temperature of the temperature transmitter 513 on the water inlet pipe 51 and the outdoor ambient temperature transmitter, but does not control the operating status of the cooling tower fan.

[0099] In automatic mode: Upon receiving a local or remote start command, the liquid cooling system 5 automatically starts and monitors its operation and detects system faults based on the set parameters. The PLC automatically adjusts the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays any deviations in the liquid cooling system 5 parameters locally, illuminating the error indicator light.

[0100] Mode switching:

[0101] Fully automatic mode button --> Fully automatic mode OK;

[0102] --> Fully automatic start button --> Fully automatic start status OK;

[0103] -->Fully automatic stop button-->Fully automatic stop status OK;

[0104] Fully automatic startup status OK:

[0105] 1. Main circulation pump 21, automatic start; the control cabinet unit controls the frequency through a PID controller, compares the set value and reference value, and controls the flow rate based on the comparison result;

[0106] 2. The cooling tower fan starts automatically; the control cabinet unit controls the frequency through a PID controller, compares the set value with the reference value, and controls the temperature based on the comparison result.

[0107] 2.1 When the spray pump on cooling tower 53 starts, if the temperature transmitter inside cooling tower 53 is greater than the set value, it will automatically turn on; if the temperature transmitter is less than the set value, it will automatically turn off.

[0108] 3. When the valve controlling the on / off state on the return water pipe 52 is activated, if the temperature transmitter on the return water pipe 52 is greater than the set value, it will automatically open; if the temperature transmitter on the return water pipe 52 is less than the set value, it will automatically close. The valve controlling the on / off state on the bypass pipe will automatically switch in the opposite direction.

[0109] 4. When the replenishing pump replenishes the liquid, if the pressure transmitter 515 on the inlet pipe 51 is greater than the set value, it will start automatically; if the pressure transmitter 515 on the inlet pipe 51 is less than the set value, it will stop automatically. The ball valve on the replenishing pipe 61 that controls the on / off state switches in the same direction as the replenishing pump.

[0110] 5. Container 7 has an internal fan 71. A temperature and humidity transmitter is installed inside the container. If the temperature and humidity transmitter value is greater than the set value, it will turn on automatically; if the temperature and humidity transmitter value is less than the set value, it will turn off automatically.

[0111] The pump station control system 2 controls the start and stop of the cooling tower fan based on the temperature transmitter on the main liquid supply pipeline and the outdoor ambient temperature, but does not control the operating status of the cooling tower fan. In automatic mode: after receiving a local start command or a remote start command, the liquid cooling system 5 starts automatically, and monitors the operating status of the liquid cooling system 5 and detects system faults according to the set parameters. The electrical control unit is controlled by a PLC program. The PLC automatically adjusts the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays the abnormal parameters of the liquid cooling system 5 locally in a timely manner, and the error signal light illuminates.

[0112] The liquid cooling control cabinet controls the operation of the circulating liquid cooling system, and locally displays status indicators to show the current operating status of the equipment. It provides short-circuit, overcurrent, and overvoltage protection for the pumps, and an emergency stop button is located on the cabinet door. Fault status information is uploaded. The control loop adopts a PLC-based programming control and protection system to achieve: monitoring and protection of the liquid cooling system 5, uploading the operating status of the liquid cooling system 5 to the main controller, and remote control of the liquid cooling system 5. Remote transmission of remote control signals and alarm signals from the liquid cooling system 5, which have high real-time requirements, is performed. The liquid cooling system 5 communicates with the monitoring system of the cooled components via switch contacts. For online parameters, equipment status monitoring, and alarm information from the liquid cooling system 5, which contain large amounts of information, communication is conducted via the MODBUS communication protocol, using an RS485 interface or TCP interface, to the monitoring system of the high-performance computing service cabinet system 1.

[0113] This application is an integrated containerized liquid cooling equipment that provides a good heat dissipation solution for cold plate liquid-cooled server cabinets. It also has a preheat recovery interface. The cold plate liquid cooling system transfers heat to the cooling liquid in the circulation pipes. The cooling properties of the liquid itself remove the heat generated by the server cabinet, improving the cooling efficiency of the cold plate and significantly reducing system energy consumption.

[0114] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A containerized water-cooled data center, specifically designed for rack-mounted plate cooling systems, characterized by: The system includes a computing power service cabinet system, a pump station control system, a plate heat exchange unit, and a power distribution cabinet unit installed inside the container, as well as a liquid cooling system installed outside the container. The computing power service cabinet system has a modular structure and is stacked in parallel. The computing power service cabinet system includes multiple independently operating modules, each module including multiple server cabinets. Multiple layers of servers are fixed from bottom to top. Each server cabinet corresponds to a power distribution branch. Multiple power distribution branches in the same module are connected to the same main power distribution bus. Multiple main power distribution buses in multiple modules are connected to the same main power distribution bus. The main power distribution bus is equipped with a current switch to control it. Each module includes inlet and outlet water components, which are connected to the inlet water pipe and the return water pipe respectively. During the flow of the medium, heat is exchanged on the server. The system is independently controlled for each server. The inlet water pipe goes around the module furthest from the computing power service rack system and then ends at the module closest to the liquid cooling system, entering each independent module of the computing power service rack system. The water inlet and outlet assembly includes one water inlet branch pipe and two water outlet branch pipes, namely the first water outlet branch pipe and the second water outlet branch pipe. After the medium flows through the server through the water inlet branch pipe, it flows upward in the first water outlet branch pipe and then downward through the upper end of the second water outlet branch pipe into the return water pipe. The medium follows the same path during the cooling process so that the medium flows evenly and cools down in a balanced manner. The liquid cooling system cools and dissipates heat from the computing service cabinet system through the circulation of the medium; the plate heat exchanger unit, as a bypass branch of the liquid cooling system, is used for waste heat recovery and undertakes part or all of the heat exchange function of the liquid cooling system; the pump station control system provides the power for the circulation of the medium.

2. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each independent module of the computing power service rack system includes rack components, power distribution components, and switch components. The rack components have a frame structure and house multiple server racks. There are gaps between adjacent server racks. The water inlet and outlet components are connected to the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe, respectively. There are valves between the water inlet and outlet components and the water inlet pipe to control the on / off of the pipes, and there are valves between the water inlet and outlet components and the water return pipe to control the on / off of the pipes. The power distribution components are used to electrically connect the server racks and the power distribution cabinet unit.

3. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the first and second water outlet branches are connected. The first water outlet branch is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet pipe on the server rack, and the lower end of the second water outlet branch is connected to the return water pipe. The lower end of the inlet branch is connected to the inlet pipe, the upper end is closed, and the side is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet pipe of the server rack. The medium enters the server rack through the inlet branch. After heat exchange is completed inside the server rack, the high-temperature water outlet of the medium enters the first water outlet branch. Then, the high-temperature medium enters the second water outlet branch from the upper end and then enters the return water pipe from the lower end.

4. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rack assembly also includes a back panel and a tray. The back panel is located on the side of the water inlet / outlet assembly. The bottom of the back panel is lower than the top of the water inlet / outlet assembly, and the top of the back panel is higher than the top of the water inlet / outlet assembly. The tray is located at the top of the uppermost server rack in the module.

5. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling system includes a cooling tower and a manifold. The cooling tower supplies the low-temperature medium to the computing service cabinet system through the inlet pipe, and then the medium enters the computing service cabinet system through the manifold. Finally, the medium flows back to the cooling tower through the return pipe. The inlet pipe is equipped with a main filter, a turbine flow meter, a pressure transmitter, and a temperature transmitter. The main filter is used to filter impurities in the medium. The pressure transmitter is used to monitor the pressure and upload the data to the power distribution unit in a timely manner. The temperature transmitter is used to monitor the inlet water temperature and upload the data to the power distribution unit in a timely manner. The return pipe is also equipped with a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter, which serve the same function as those in the inlet pipe.

6. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate heat exchanger unit includes a bypass pipeline and a plate heat exchanger. One end of the bypass pipeline is connected to the return water pipeline, and the other end is connected to the plate heat exchanger as the inlet for the high-temperature medium. The part connected to the return water pipeline is located between the main circulating water pump and the cooling tower. The plate heat exchanger has two outlets, one connected to the inlet water pipeline and the other as the heating outlet. The end connected to the inlet water pipeline is located between the main filter and the cooling tower. The pipeline where the heating outlet is located is equipped with a regulating valve to control the heating flow rate. The plate heat exchanger also has a heating inlet for use as a supplementary heat source for heating.

7. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet and return pipes converge at the lower end of the computing power service cabinet system module.

8. The containerized water-cooled data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water replenishment assembly is also provided between the inlet and return water pipes. The water replenishment assembly includes a water replenishment pipe, one end of which is located between the main filter of the inlet water pipe and the computing power service cabinet system, and the other end of which is located between the computing power service cabinet system and the main circulation pump. The water replenishment pipe is provided with a water replenishment tank, a liquid replenishment filter, a liquid replenishment pump, a check valve and an electric ball valve in sequence from the inlet water pipe to the return water pipe. A safety valve is provided between the water replenishment tank and the inlet water pipe.

9. The control method for a containerized water-cooled data center as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes switchable manual and automatic modes. In manual mode, the main circulation pump, replenishment pump, fans on the container, fans on the cooling tower, and spray pumps on the cooling tower can be manually started and stopped. In automatic mode, after receiving a local or remote start command, the liquid cooling system starts automatically and monitors the operation status of the liquid cooling system and detects system faults according to the set parameters. The PLC monitors the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and displays the liquid cooling system parameters locally in a timely manner if they exceed the standard, and the error signal light illuminates. When parameters severely exceed limits and affect the safe operation of the cooled components, an error alarm light illuminates locally, and an automatic error alarm is issued. The control cabinet unit then conducts formal debugging and optimization based on the alarm situation. The main circulation pump, replenishment pump, and cooling tower fan are automatically controlled by the PLC according to actual working conditions. The pump station control system controls the start and stop of the cooling tower fan based on the temperature transmitters on the inlet water pipe and the outdoor ambient temperature transmitters, but does not control the operating status of the cooling tower fan. In automatic mode: upon receiving a local or remote start command, the liquid cooling system automatically starts and monitors the operating status of the liquid cooling system and detects system faults based on the set parameters. The PLC automatically adjusts the cooling water temperature and system pressure, and promptly displays any exceedances of liquid cooling system parameters locally, illuminating the error alarm light.

10. The method for controlling containerized water-cooled data according to claim 9, characterized in that: Following these control principles: The main circulation pump starts automatically; the control cabinet unit controls the frequency via a PID controller, compares the setpoint and reference value, and controls the flow rate based on the comparison result; the cooling tower fan starts automatically; the control cabinet unit controls the frequency via a PID controller, compares the setpoint and reference value, and controls the temperature based on the comparison result; the spray pump on the cooling tower starts; if the temperature transmitter inside the cooling tower is greater than the setpoint, it opens automatically; if the temperature transmitter is less than the setpoint, it closes automatically; the butterfly valve controlling the on / off state on the return water pipeline starts, and the return water... When the temperature transmitter on the pipeline exceeds the set value, it automatically opens; when the temperature transmitter on the return water pipeline is less than the set value, it automatically closes; the butterfly valve controlling the on / off state on the bypass pipeline automatically switches in the opposite direction; when the replenishment pump replenishes liquid, when the pressure transmitter on the inlet water pipeline exceeds the set value, it automatically starts; when the pressure transmitter on the inlet water pipeline is less than the set value, it automatically stops; the ball valve controlling the on / off state on the replenishment water pipeline switches in the same direction as the replenishment pump; for the fan inside the container, a temperature and humidity transmitter is installed inside the container, and when the temperature and humidity transmitter exceeds the set value, it automatically opens; when the temperature and humidity transmitter is less than the set value, it automatically closes.

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