Anti-laser and bulletproof glass for driving and observation windows of various military equipment

Abstract

The application relates to a laser-proof and bullet-proof glass for driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment, which is composed of a first glass layer, a second glass layer, a PC layer and a third glass layer, the first glass layer and the second glass layer are bonded by photosensitive glue, and the remaining layers are bonded by polyurethane glue. The third glass layer is a back bullet-proof surface, and the surface is coated or pasted. Meanwhile, the application also provides a raw material ratio and a manufacturing method of the glass. The special glass prepared by the application has excellent laser-proof and bullet-proof performance while meeting the light transmission requirement, and can provide good personal protection for passengers after being used in the driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of special glass production, and particularly relates to a laser and bulletproof glass for driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The research direction of special glass at home and abroad is generally around single function, for example, the special glass with laser or bulletproof function in the prior art.

[0003] Laser weapon is a weapon that attacks targets directly by laser beams emitted in a certain direction. High-energy laser weapon, also known as strong laser weapon, has a laser energy of hundreds of thousands or even millions of joules. High-energy laser weapon can cause large-area damage to personnel due to its huge energy, and is much more serious than laser blinding weapon which only injures the eyes. Therefore, high attention must be paid to high-energy laser protection. Laser protection equipment for personnel protection not only requires protecting personnel from laser damage, but also has good light transmission performance so as to not affect the normal visual function. The patents with the names of “blue transparent glass absorbing ultraviolet and infrared” (patent number: ZL200910154301.9) and “light blue transparent glass absorbing ultraviolet and infrared” (patent number: ZL200910154302.3) applied by Cai Xuzhong et al. can play a certain protective role, but they cannot meet the needs of protection against the super-strong directional energy damage of high-power and high-intensity photoelectric weapons in modern military equipment, and cannot ensure the safety of military personnel and special equipment.

[0004] For driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment, not only the protection of the eyes of the passengers needs to be considered, but also the bulletproof problem needs to be fully considered. As a transparent material, bulletproof glass has extremely high strength and toughness, can withstand strong impact and damage, and can resist gun shooting without being penetrated while meeting the requirements of light observation, and has a wide range of uses in safety protection, and can be used for driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment to protect personal safety to the greatest extent. In order to realize the bulletproof function, bulletproof glass is often designed as a multi-layer composite structure. The patent with the name of “manufacturing method of bulletproof glass for vehicles and the bulletproof glass” (CN 113844126 B) applied by Zhou Linlin et al. selects high-aluminum glass, high-borosilicon glass and PC plate with high transmittance, and prepares a multi-layer composite structure bulletproof glass through a vacuum hot pressing process, improves the bulletproof performance, and reduces the weight of the bulletproof glass. However, this type of bulletproof glass does not have laser protection function at all.

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical defects, the glass made by the mold forming process by using the principle of reflection (glass surface coating or film) and absorption (glass adding absorbent) has excellent anti-laser effect, and the glass and high-quality engineering plastic PC are compounded together through photosensitive glue and polyurethane glue, so that the bulletproof performance is greatly improved. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an anti-laser and bulletproof glass for driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment, which greatly improves the absorption rate of infrared rays, ultraviolet rays and other non-visible light under the condition of ensuring the visible light transmittance by controlling the particle size of the iron glass ferric oxide raw material and the firing furnace temperature, and greatly improves the laser absorption and bulletproof performance of the glass through the multi-layer composite method.

[0007] The specific technical scheme of the present application is an anti-laser and bulletproof glass for driving windows and observation windows of various military equipment, characterized in that it comprises a first glass layer, a second glass layer, a PC layer and a third glass layer, the first glass layer and the second glass layer are bonded by photosensitive glue, and the remaining layers are bonded by polyurethane glue.

[0008] Furthermore, the third glass layer is a back bulletproof surface, and a protective film is pasted on the surface after coating or film pasting.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the glass layer is 8-12mm, and the thickness of the PC layer is 3mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the glass layer is made by firing the following components and their weight percentage:

[0011]

[0012] Furthermore, the glass layer firing process includes the steps of mixing raw materials, high-temperature melting of raw materials and low-temperature annealing.

[0013] The step of mixing raw materials is to uniformly mix dry silicon dioxide SiO2 and other auxiliary materials, and then uniformly mix ferric oxide Fe2O3, cerium oxide CeO2 and copper oxide CuO,

[0014] The added ferric oxide Fe2O3 raw material needs to be sieved through a 200-300 mesh sieve;

[0015] The step of high-temperature melting of raw materials is divided into three stages: a. 1640-1660℃ melting for 2 hours; b. 1500-1550℃ melting for 2 hours; c. 1400-1420℃ melting for 4 hours; and then pouring into a mold for forming.

[0016] The low-temperature annealing step is carried out in three stages: a. 420 DEG C for 2 hours; b. 250 DEG C for 4 hours; c. natural cooling afterwards; and polishing and grinding at last.

[0017] The present application has the effects that;

[0018] 1) The present application increases the amount of Fe2O3 in the glass layer of the anti-laser and anti-bullet glass for the driving window and observation window of various military equipment, controls the granularity of Fe2O3 raw material between 200-300 meshes, and increases the firing furnace temperature to 1640 DEG C-1660 DEG C, so as to overcome the difficulty that the amount of divalent iron ion in the glass is difficult to increase, and improve the absorption rate of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays under the condition that the visible light transmittance is greatly improved. When the glass with a thickness of 1.7 mm is made, the infrared ray transmittance of 800-1300 nm is less than 10 -7 , the ultraviolet ray transmittance of 200-340 nm is less than 10 -6 , and the visible light transmittance at about 500 nm is more than 80%. Meanwhile, in order to improve the laser protection effect, a film is coated or attached on the surface of the glass.

[0019] 2) In order to improve the anti-bullet performance, the impact kinetic energy of the bullet is converted into the elastic potential energy of the glass and the surface energy of the fragments as much as possible. The special glass of the present application is composed of multiple layers. First, the two glass layers described in the present application are adhered together by photosensitive glue, and the composite layer is a force-bearing layer, which is first broken under impact to destroy the bullet or change the shape of the bullet so that it loses the ability to continue to advance; then the glass composite layer and the PC plate are adhered together by polyurethane glue, and the polyurethane glue has the characteristics of high strength, tear resistance, wear resistance and good light transmittance, and can absorb part of the impact energy and change the direction of the bullet. This not only effectively prevents gun shooting, but also has the performances of anti-bullet impact, anti-explosion, anti-shock and no cracks after impact. The PC plate is a safety protection layer, which is a high-strength transparent organic material with good elasticity and toughness, and can absorb most of the impact energy and ensure that the bullet cannot pass through this layer; finally, a piece of glass is adhered by polyurethane glue, which not only strengthens the anti-bullet performance, but also plays a role in wear resistance.

[0020] The special glass of the present application not only has excellent anti-laser and anti-bullet performance, but also has the best visible light transmittance and wear resistance, and the glass components are all domestic chemical raw materials, the production process is simple, and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The present application is a schematic diagram of the anti-laser and anti-bullet glass structure for the driving window and observation window of various military equipment.

[0022] Figure 2The test chart of laser transmittance of each wavelength of the glass layer of the anti-laser and bulletproof glass for the driving window and observation window of each military equipment of the invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1-first glass layer, 2-photosensitive adhesive layer, 3-second glass layer, 4-polyurethane adhesive layer, 5-PC layer, 6-polyurethane adhesive layer, 7-third glass layer, 8-laser reflection film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example One

[0025] (1) Glass making

[0026] The materials are prepared according to the following weight percentage: potassium oxide 0.1%, sodium oxide 28%, antimony oxide 0.1%, calcium oxide 0.03%, ferric oxide 5.6%, aluminum oxide 1.0%, sodium chloride 1.0%, neodymium oxide 0.5%, manganese dioxide 0.22%, cobalt oxide 0.01%, copper oxide 0.02%, chromium oxide 0.04%, stannous chloride 4.8%, barium oxide 0.018%, zinc oxide 4.20%, cerium oxide 0.9%, and silicon dioxide 53.462%.

[0027] First, the dry silicon dioxide and other auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed, and then the ferric oxide, cerium oxide and copper oxide are uniformly mixed, wherein the added ferric oxide is sieved through a 200-300 mesh sieve;

[0028] High-temperature melting is carried out in three stages: a. 1640℃ melting for 2 hours, b. 1500℃ melting for 2 hours, c. 1420℃ melting for 4 hours, and then pouring into a mold for shaping.

[0029] The steps of low-temperature annealing are carried out in three stages: a. 420℃ for 2 hours, b. 250℃ for 4 hours, c. natural cooling afterwards.

[0030] Finally, polishing and grinding are carried out.

[0031] (2) Multi-layer compounding

[0032] First, the two pieces of 8mm thick glass are bonded with photosensitive adhesive and then cured using ultraviolet light; after complete curing, the compounded glass is bonded with 3mm PC using polyurethane adhesive; then the PC surface of the three-layer compounded layer is bonded with a piece of 8mm thick glass using polyurethane adhesive, and then a laser reflection film is attached to the surface of the glass.

[0033] Example Two

[0034] (1) Glass making

[0035] Glass raw material ratio: Potassium oxide 0.3%, sodium oxide 20%, antimony oxide 0.2%, calcium oxide 0.01%, ferric oxide 4.8%, aluminum oxide 1.0%, sodium chloride 13.0%, neodymium oxide 0.4%, manganese dioxide 0.24%, cobalt oxide 0.007%, copper oxide 0.04%, chromium oxide 0.03%, stannous chloride 3.6%, barium oxide 0.025%, zinc oxide 5.5%, cerium oxide 0.7%, silicon dioxide 50.348%.

[0036] High temperature melting is carried out in three stages: a. 1660°C melting for 2 hours, b. 1550°C melting for 2 hours, c. 1400°C melting for 4 hours, and then poured into a mold for shaping.

[0037] (2) Multi-layer composite

[0038] First, the above two pieces of 10mm thick glass are bonded with photosensitive glue, and then cured with ultraviolet lamp; after complete curing, the composite glass is bonded with 3mm PC together by hot pressing with polyurethane glue; then the PC surface of the three-layer composite layer is bonded with a piece of 10mm thick glass together by hot pressing with polyurethane glue, and then a laser reflection film is pasted on the surface of the glass.

[0039] Example Three

[0040] (1) Glass making

[0041] Glass raw material ratio: Potassium oxide 0.2%, sodium oxide 25%, antimony oxide 0.15%, calcium oxide 0.02%, ferric oxide 5.0%, aluminum oxide 1.1%, sodium chloride 7.0%, neodymium oxide 0.45%, manganese dioxide 0.23%, cobalt oxide 0.008%, copper oxide 0.03%, chromium oxide 0.035%, stannous chloride 4.2%, barium oxide 0.020%, zinc oxide 5.0%, cerium oxide 0.8%, silicon dioxide 50.757%.

[0042] High temperature melting is carried out in three stages: a. 1650°C melting for 2 hours, b. 1530°C melting for 2 hours, c. 1410°C melting for 4 hours, and then poured into a mold for shaping.

[0043] (2) Multi-layer composite

[0044] First, the above two pieces of 12mm thick glass are bonded with photosensitive glue, and then cured with ultraviolet lamp; after complete curing, the composite glass is bonded with 3mm PC together by hot pressing with polyurethane glue; then the PC surface of the three-layer composite layer is bonded with a piece of 12mm thick glass together by hot pressing with polyurethane glue, and then a laser reflection film is plated on the surface of the glass, and a PET protective film is pasted.

[0045] Although the present application has been disclosed in its preferred embodiments as above, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application are also intended to fall within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the present application should be defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser and ballistic resistant glass for use in the driver's window, observer's window of various military equipment, characterized in that It comprises a first glass layer, a second glass layer, a PC layer and a third glass layer, the first glass layer and the second glass layer are bonded by photosensitive adhesive, and the remaining layers are bonded by polyurethane adhesive; The first glass layer, the second glass layer and the third glass layer are all sintered from the following components and their weight percentage of raw materials: Potassium oxide K2O 0.1-0.3%; sodium oxide Na2O 20-28%; Antimony oxide SbO 0.1-0.2%; calcium oxide CaO 0.01-0.03%; Ferric oxide Fe2O3 4.8-5.6%; aluminum oxide Al2O3 1-1.2%; Sodium chloride NaCl 1.0-13%; neodymium oxide Nd2O3 0.4-0.5%; Manganese dioxide MnO2 0.22-0.24%; cobalt oxide CoO 0.007-0.010%; Copper oxide CuO 0.02-0.04%; chromium trioxide Cr2O3 0.03-0.04%; Stannous chloride SnCl2 3.6-4.8%; barium oxide BaO 0.018-0.025%; Zinc oxide ZnO 4.20-5.50%; cerium oxide CeO2 0.7-0.9%; The balance is silicon dioxide SiO2; The ferric oxide Fe2O3 raw material needs to be screened through a 200-300 mesh screen; The raw materials are high-temperature melted in three stages: a. 1640-1660℃ melting for 2 hours; b. 1500-1550℃ melting for 2 hours; c. 1400-1420℃ melting for 4 hours; then poured into a mold for forming; The thickness of the first glass layer, the second glass layer and the third glass layer is 8-12mm respectively, and the thickness of the PC layer is 3mm.

2. The laser and ballistic resistant glass for use in the driver and observer windows of military vehicles of all branches of service according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third glass layer is a back bounce surface, and a protective film is pasted on the surface after film pasting or film plating.

3. The laser and bulletproof glass for driving window and observation window of various military equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The glass layer sintering process includes the steps of mixing raw materials, high-temperature melting of raw materials and low-temperature annealing; The step of mixing raw materials is: first, mix dry silicon dioxide SiO2 and other auxiliary materials uniformly, then mix ferric oxide Fe2O3, cerium oxide CeO2 and copper oxide CuO uniformly, The added ferric oxide Fe2O3 raw material needs to be screened through a 200-300 mesh screen; The step of high-temperature melting of raw materials is carried out in three stages: a. 1640-1660℃ melting for 2 hours; b. 1500-1550℃ melting for 2 hours; c. 1400-1420℃ melting for 4 hours; then poured into a mold for forming; The step of low-temperature annealing is carried out in three stages: a. 420℃ for 2 hours; b. 250℃ for 4 hours; c. then naturally cooled; finally polished and ground.

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