Network equipment dual uplink management configuration method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method, device, and storage medium for dual uplink management configuration of network devices, relating to the field of communications technology. The method addresses the technical issue in related technologies where, when a single link in an OLT device fails, the primary broadband access server switches to a backup broadband access server and is unable to manage the OLT device. The method comprises: determining a target OLT device; configuring a target network address for the target OLT device, a first broadband access server, a second broadband access server, and a virtual router based on the Virtual Routing Redundancy Protocol (VRRP); the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; and configuring a target virtual local area network (VLAN) management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router. The present disclosure is applicable to network device configuration scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, device, and storage medium for dual uplink management configuration of a network device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, gigabit broadband networks can be disrupted due to link failures in the network's optical line terminal (OLT). A common solution is to pre-configure a primary and backup broadband access server. If the primary broadband access server fails, a failover system switches the service from the primary to the backup server, ensuring a secure user experience.

[0003] However, the above method can ensure the network experience of users who have access to the network by switching from the main broadband access server to the backup broadband access server when a single link of the OLT device fails. However, after connecting to the backup broadband access server, the OLT device will be in a managed state and cannot be managed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a dual uplink management configuration method, device, and storage medium for network devices, solving the technical problem in related technologies that when a single link of an OLT device fails, the primary broadband access server switches to a backup broadband access server and cannot manage the OLT device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for configuring dual uplink management of a network device is provided, the method comprising: determining a target OLT device; the target OLT device is an OLT device that simultaneously accesses a first broadband access server and a second broadband access server; based on a virtual routing redundancy protocol (VRRP), configuring target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and a virtual router; the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; and configuring a target LAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0007] In combination with the above-mentioned first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method specifically includes: obtaining first ARP data of a target OLT device; the first ARP data including: a first initial network address of a first broadband access server, a second initial network address of a second broadband access server, a third initial network address of a virtual router, and a fourth initial network address of the target OLT device; generating, based on VRRP, a first target network address of the first broadband access server, a second target network address of the second broadband access server, a third target network address of the virtual router, and a fourth target network address of the target OLT device; if the first initial network address of the first broadband access server is not the target first network address, modifying the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to the first target network address; if the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target first network address, modifying the second initial network address of the second broadband access server to the second target network address; if the third initial network address of the virtual router is not the target third network address, modifying the third initial network address of the virtual router to the third target network address; if the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is not the target fourth network address, modifying the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device to the fourth target network address.

[0008] In combination with the above-mentioned first aspect, in a possible implementation method, the method specifically includes: obtaining the link layer discovery protocol LLDP data of the target OLT device; the LLDP data includes: the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; and modifying the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server to the target VLAN management interface.

[0009] In combination with the above-mentioned first aspect, in a possible implementation method, before modifying the management interface of the virtual local area network VLAN of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server to the target VLAN management interface, the method also includes: when the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device; when the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server; when the VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; when the VLAN management interface of the virtual router is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the virtual router.

[0010] In combination with the above-mentioned first aspect, in a possible implementation, after configuring a target LAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, the method further includes: obtaining second ARP data of the target OLT device; the second ARP data includes: ARP data after the target OLT device is configured with the target LAN management interface, ARP data after the first broadband access server is configured with the target LAN management interface, ARP data after the second broadband access server is configured with the target LAN management interface, and ARP data after the virtual router is configured with the target LAN management interface; verifying the second ARP data through the fault detection protocol BFD to determine whether the configured first target network address, second target network address, third target network address, and fourth target network address meet the requirements of VRRP.

[0011] In a second aspect, a dual uplink management configuration device for a network device is provided, comprising: a processing unit; the processing unit is used to determine a target OLT device; the target OLT device is an OLT device that simultaneously accesses a first broadband access server and a second broadband access server; the processing unit is used to configure target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router based on a virtual routing redundancy protocol VRRP; the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; the processing unit is used to configure a target LAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0012] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device further includes: a communication unit; a communication unit, configured to obtain first ARP data of the target OLT device; the first ARP data includes: a first initial network address of the first broadband access server, a second initial network address of the second broadband access server, a third initial network address of the virtual router, and a fourth initial network address of the target OLT device; a processing unit, further configured to generate, based on VRRP, a first target network address of the first broadband access server, a second target network address of the second broadband access server, a third target network address of the virtual router, and a fourth target network address of the target OLT device; the processing unit, further configured to generate, based on the first target network address of the first broadband access server, a second target network address of the second broadband access server, a third target network address of the virtual router, and a fourth target network address of the target OLT device When the initial network address is not the target first network address, the first initial network address of the first broadband access server is modified to the first target network address; the processing unit is also used to, when the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target first network address, modify the second initial network address of the second broadband access server to the second target network address; the processing unit is also used to, when the third initial network address of the virtual router is not the target third network address, modify the third initial network address of the virtual router to the third target network address; the processing unit is also used to, when the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is not the target fourth network address, modify the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device to the fourth target network address.

[0013] In combination with the above-mentioned second aspect, in a possible implementation method, the processing unit is specifically used to instruct the communication unit to obtain the link layer discovery protocol LLDP data of the target OLT device; the LLDP data includes: the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server are all modified to the target VLAN management interface.

[0014] In combination with the above-mentioned second aspect, in a possible implementation method, the processing unit is also used to delete the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server when the VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information.

[0015] In combination with the above-mentioned second aspect, in a possible implementation method, the processing unit is further used to instruct the communication unit to obtain second ARP data of the target OLT device; the second ARP data includes: ARP data after the target OLT device is configured with a target LAN management interface, ARP data after the first broadband access server is configured with a target LAN management interface, ARP data after the second broadband access server is configured with a target LAN management interface, and ARP data after the virtual router is configured with a target LAN management interface; the second ARP data is verified through the fault detection protocol BFD to determine that the configured first target network address, second target network address, third target network address, and fourth target network address meet the requirements of VRRP.

[0016] In a third aspect, a dual-uplink management and configuration device for a network device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and when the dual-uplink management and configuration device for a network device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the dual-uplink management and configuration device for a network device executes the dual-uplink management and configuration method for a network device as described in the first aspect above and any possible implementation thereof.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of a network device dual-uplink management configuration device, the network device dual-uplink management configuration device executes the network device dual-uplink management configuration method as described in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation method thereof.

[0018] In the fifth aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run a computer program or instruction to implement the network device dual uplink management configuration method as recorded in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation method thereof.

[0019] In this disclosure, the name of the network device dual uplink management and configuration apparatus does not limit the device or functional module itself. In actual implementation, these devices or functional modules may appear with other names. As long as the functions of each device or functional module are similar to those of this disclosure, they fall within the scope of this disclosure and its equivalents.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure brings at least the following beneficial effects: the network device dual uplink management device in the present disclosure first determines the target OLT device that is simultaneously connected to the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; based on the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), respectively configures the target network address for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router; the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; completes the networking of the primary broadband access server and the backup broadband access server; and configures the target LAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, thereby realizing the dual uplink management configuration of the target OLT device. In this way, the management functions of the OLT device can be realized through both the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments or the prior art.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a gigabit broadband network in an existing network provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dual uplink management configuration system for network devices provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a dual uplink management and configuration device for a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for configuring dual uplink management of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 5 A flowchart of another method for configuring dual uplink management of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 6 A flowchart of another method for configuring dual uplink management of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 7 A flowchart of another method for configuring dual uplink management of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 8A flowchart of another method for configuring dual uplink management of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a network structure after completing the dual uplink management configuration of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a dual uplink management and configuration device for a network device is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes in detail a network device dual uplink management configuration method, apparatus, and storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0034] The terms “first” and “second” and the like in the specification and drawings of the present disclosure are used to distinguish different objects, or to distinguish different processing of the same object, rather than to describe a specific order of objects.

[0035] In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof mentioned in the description of the present disclosure are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include other steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way.

[0036] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to two or more. Below, the nouns involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure are explained to facilitate the reader's understanding.

[0037] 1. Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

[0038] The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) is used to address the single point of failure problem associated with static gateway configurations in local area networks (LANs). VRRP is widely used in edge networks. Its design goal is to support the failover of network address data traffic in specific situations without causing confusion, allowing hosts to use a single router and maintaining connectivity between routers even in the event of a failure in the actual first-hop router. In a VRRP network architecture, a group of routers work together, with the network access device at one end in the primary state and the network access device at the other end in the backup state. Within a VRRP group, multiple network access device interfaces share a virtual network address, which is the network address of the OLT device. When the primary network access device fails, the backup network access device switches from backup to primary to provide services for the network.

[0039] 2. Address Resolution Protocol

[0040] The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for obtaining a physical address based on an IP address. When a network device sends information, it broadcasts an ARP request containing the target device's network address to all network devices on the local area network. It then receives a response message, using it to determine the target device's physical address. Upon receiving the response message, it stores the network and physical addresses in the local ARP cache for storage. This allows the target device's physical and IP addresses to be determined by querying the ARP data.

[0041] 3. Link Layer Discovery Protocol

[0042] The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is a data link layer protocol that provides a standard link layer discovery method. It can send information such as the main capabilities, management address, device identifier, and interface identifier of the local device to adjacent connected devices through LLDP messages. After receiving the LLDP message, the adjacent connected device saves the information in the LLDP message in the form of a standard management information base (MIB) for the network management system to query and determine the communication status of the link.

[0043] With the rapid development of broadband technology, users' demands for internet access have gradually shifted from browsing the web and reading news, which require relatively low-performance home broadband, to applications such as HD live streaming, ultra-HD movies, and virtual reality games, which require higher-performance home broadband. To access more applications and services and meet the demand for higher bandwidth, more and more users are upgrading to gigabit broadband.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is the networking structure of a gigabit broadband network in an existing network, in which an optical splitter sends network data to different broadband access devices, which then send the network data to terminals such as computers, televisions, and mobile phones through different broadband access devices, thereby meeting the network service needs of the terminals. However, due to the networking mode of the existing network, the network optical line terminal (OLT) device has only one uplink management. The current gigabit broadband network may cause users to be unable to access the network due to a link failure in the OLT device. The current common solution is to pre-install a primary broadband access server and a backup broadband access server. When the primary broadband access server fails, the primary broadband access server is switched to the backup broadband access server through a primary-backup switching system, thereby ensuring the user's network experience. However, although the above method can ensure the network experience of users who have already connected to the network by switching from the primary broadband access server to the backup broadband access server when a single link of the OLT device fails, the backup broadband access server does not have management functions. At this time, the OLT device will be in a managed state, which will prevent users from opening accounts, making inquiries, changing services, responding to complaints, and other services.

[0045] In current gigabit networks, when the primary broadband access server connected to the OLT device reports an alarm interruption, the OLT device will be in an off-line state, affecting service installation and number release, preventing users from opening accounts, making inquiries, or making service changes. Furthermore, when user complaints occur, the system cannot respond promptly to them. Furthermore, when a unilateral OLT link failure occurs, it is necessary to query related alarm information. However, the OLT device is in an off-line state, making it impossible to query OLT port performance alarms. The existing network contains a wide variety of OLT devices and broadband access servers, with multiple upstream routes and multiple fiber jumper points. When an upstream interruption occurs, a significant amount of manpower is required to determine the location of the broken fiber and repair it, resulting in partial service interruption. Maintenance personnel are unable to perform normal registration and installation on-site, impacting work efficiency.

[0046] To address the aforementioned technical issues, the present disclosure provides a method for configuring dual uplink management for network devices, designed to address the technical issue of the OLT device being placed in a managed state and unable to be managed when a single link failure occurs in an OLT device and the primary broadband access server switches to a backup broadband access server. The method comprises: determining a target OLT device; the target OLT device is an OLT device that is simultaneously connected to a first broadband access server and a second broadband access server; configuring target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and a virtual router based on the Virtual Routing Redundancy Protocol (VRRP); the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; and configuring target VLAN management interfaces for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the above-mentioned network device dual uplink management configuration method can be applied to the network device dual uplink management configuration system 200. Figure 2 A network device dual uplink management configuration system 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application is described in detail. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device dual uplink management configuration system 200, which includes: a target OLT device 201, a network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus 202, a broadband access server 203a and a broadband access server 203b.

[0048] The target OLT device 201 is connected to the broadband access server 203a and the broadband access server 203b, and is used to receive the configuration of the target network address and target VLAN management interface of the target OLT device by the network device dual uplink management configuration device 202.

[0049] The network device dual uplink management configuration device 202 is used to configure the target network address for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router based on the virtual routing redundancy protocol VRRP; and configure the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0050] The broadband access server 203a is used to receive the configuration of the target network address and target VLAN management interface of the broadband access server 203a by the network device dual uplink management configuration device 202, and modify the network address and VLAN management interface based on the received configuration to achieve dual uplink management of the target OLT device.

[0051] The broadband access server 203b is used to receive the configuration of the target network address and target VLAN management interface of the broadband access server 203b by the network device dual uplink management configuration device 202, and modify the network address and VLAN management interface based on the received configuration to achieve dual uplink management of the target OLT device.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the hardware structure of the network device dual uplink management configuration device 202 in the above network device dual uplink management configuration system 200 includes: Figure 3 The network device dual uplink management configuration device 300 shown in FIG. 1 includes the following components: Figure 3 The hardware structure of the network device dual uplink management configuration device 300 is introduced as an example. Figure 3 As shown, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus 300 includes at least one processor 301, a communication line 302, and at least one communication interface 304, and may also include a memory 303. The processor 301, the memory 303, and the communication interface 304 may be connected via the communication line 302.

[0053] The processor 301 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present disclosure, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0054] The communication line 303 may include a path for transmitting information between the above-mentioned components.

[0055] The communication interface 304 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks and can use any transceiver type device, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0056] The memory 303 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to include or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to these.

[0057] In one possible design, the memory 303 can exist independently of the processor 301, that is, the memory 303 can be a memory external to the processor 301. In this case, the memory 303 can be connected to the processor 301 via the communication line 303, and is used to store execution instructions or application code, and is controlled by the processor 301 to implement the network device dual uplink management configuration method provided in the following embodiment of the present disclosure. In another possible design, the memory 303 can also be integrated with the processor 301, that is, the memory 303 can be the internal memory of the processor 301. For example, the memory 303 is a high-speed cache that can be used to temporarily store some data and instruction information.

[0058] As an implementation method, the processor 301 may include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 3 As another implementation method, the network device dual uplink management configuration device 300 may include multiple processors, such as Figure 3 As another implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus 300 may further include an output device 305 and an input device 306.

[0059] The following describes in detail the network device dual uplink management configuration method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The network device dual uplink management configuration method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 3 In the network device dual uplink management configuration device shown, the method includes the following S401-S403, which are described in detail below.

[0061] S401. The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus determines a target OLT device.

[0062] The target OLT device is an OLT device that is connected to the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server at the same time.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device can determine the uplink information of multiple OLT devices based on the ledger information of the OLT device, and determine the OLT device that is uplinked to broadband access servers in two different aggregation rooms as the target OLT device based on the uplink information of multiple OLT devices.

[0064] S402 : The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus configures target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router based on the Virtual Routing Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).

[0065] The virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device generates a preset configuration script based on VRRP, and configures the target network address for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router by calling the preset configuration script.

[0067] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration device calls a preset configuration script to configure the network address of the target OLT device to 1**.1**.1.1, the network address of the first broadband access server to 1**.1**.1.3, the network address of the second broadband access server to 1**.1**.1.4, and the network address of the virtual router to 1**.1**.1.2.

[0068] S403: The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus configures a target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus configures the VLAN management interfaces of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router into a unified VLAN management interface based on a preset configuration script.

[0070] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus configures the VLAN management interfaces of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router as 997 interfaces based on a preset configuration script.

[0071] The technical solution provided by the above embodiment can at least bring the following beneficial effects: the network device dual uplink management device in the present disclosure first determines the target OLT device that is simultaneously connected to the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; based on the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), the target network address is configured for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router; the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; the networking of the primary broadband access server and the backup broadband access server is completed; and the target VLAN management interface is configured for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, thereby realizing the dual uplink management configuration of the target OLT device. In this way, the management functions of the OLT device can be realized through both the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server.

[0072] In one possible implementation, combining Figure 4 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the above S402, the network device dual uplink management configuration device is based on the virtual routing redundancy protocol VRRP, and is a process of configuring the target network address for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router. It can be specifically implemented through the following S501-S506, which is described in detail below.

[0073] S501: A network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus obtains first ARP data of a target OLT device.

[0074] The first Address Resolution Protocol ARP data includes: a first initial network address of the first broadband access server, a second initial network address of the second broadband access server, a third initial network address of the virtual router, and a fourth initial network address of the target OLT device.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus may log in to the target OLT device through a Secure Shell (SSH) protocol to obtain ARP data of the target OLT device.

[0076] S502: The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus generates a first target network address of the first broadband access server, a second target network address of the second broadband access server, a third target network address of the virtual router, and a fourth target network address of the target OLT device based on VRRP.

[0077] It can be understood that the first target network address, the second target network address, the third target network address, and the fourth target network address determined based on VRRP are network addresses that meet VRRP networking requirements.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device determines the first target network address of the first broadband access server, the second target network address of the second broadband access server, the third target network address of the virtual router, and the fourth target network address of the target OLT device based on the networking requirements of VRRP, and then generates a configuration script based on the first target network address, the second target network address, the third target network address, and the fourth target network address.

[0079] S503: When the first initial network address of the first broadband access server is not the target first network address, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to the first target network address.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device logs into the network management system of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server through the SSH protocol, and runs the configuration script to modify the network addresses of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server.

[0081] It can be understood that the first target network address is the network address of the first broadband access server that meets the VRRP requirement.

[0082] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to 17*.2*.1*.251.

[0083] S504: When the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target second network address, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the second initial network address of the second broadband access server to the second target network address.

[0084] It can be understood that the second target network address is the network address of a second broadband access server that meets the VRRP requirement.

[0085] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to 17*.2*.1*.252.

[0086] S505 : The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the third initial network address of the virtual router into the third target network address when the third initial network address of the virtual router is not the target third network address.

[0087] It can be understood that the third target network address is the network address of a virtual router that meets VRRP requirements.

[0088] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to 17*.2*.1*.249.

[0089] S506 : When the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is not the target fourth network address, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device to the fourth target network address.

[0090] It can be understood that the fourth target network address is the network address of the target OLT device that meets the VRRP requirement.

[0091] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to 17*.2*.1*.250.

[0092] The technical solution provided by the above embodiment can at least bring about the following beneficial effects: based on the ARP data of the target OLT device, the network device dual uplink management configuration device determines that the first initial network address of the first broadband access server, the second initial network address of the second broadband access server, the third initial network address of the virtual router, and the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device are network addresses that do not meet the VRRP networking requirements. In this case, the first initial network address of the first broadband access server is modified to the first target network address, the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is modified to the second target network address, the third initial network address of the virtual router is modified to the third target network address, and the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is modified to the fourth target network address, thereby meeting the VRRP networking requirements for the network addresses of the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, the virtual router, and the target OLT device, and realizing the configuration of the target OLT device's uplink primary and backup links.

[0093] In one possible implementation, combining Figure 5 ,like Figure 6As shown, the above S403, the network device dual uplink management configuration device configures the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, which can be specifically implemented through the following S601-S602, which is described in detail below.

[0094] S601: A network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus obtains Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) data of a target OLT device.

[0095] The LLDP data includes: initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server.

[0096] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus may log in to the network management system of the target OLT device based on the SHH protocol to obtain LLDP data in the LLDP message.

[0097] S602: The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus modifies the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server to the target VLAN management interface.

[0098] In one possible implementation, the OLT devices in the existing network are produced by different manufacturers, and the communication protocols used by different manufacturers are different. The network device dual-uplink management configuration device in the present disclosure interconnects and unifies the communication protocols of different manufacturers, so that the network device dual-uplink management configuration device can run a preset configuration script through the command-line interface (CLI) to modify the initial VLAN management interface.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device can log in to the network management system of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server through the SHH protocol, and modify the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server through a preset configuration script.

[0100] Exemplarily, the network device dual uplink management configuration device can log in to the network management system of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server through the SHH protocol, and modify the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server to the management interface 997 through a preset configuration script.

[0101] The technical solution provided by the above embodiment can at least achieve the following beneficial effects: the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus configures a target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, thereby completing the dual uplink management configuration of the OLT device. In this way, if the first broadband access server fails, the OLT device can still be managed by invoking the second broadband access server of the OLT device.

[0102] In one possible implementation, combining Figure 4 ,like Figure 7 It is shown that before the above S403, the network device dual uplink management configuration device configures the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, it is necessary to delete the non-target VLAN management interface information. The method also includes the following S701-S704, which are described in detail below.

[0103] S701 : The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus deletes the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device when the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device is non-target VLAN management interface information.

[0104] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus logs into the target OLT device through the SHH protocol, obtains LLDP data, and determines that the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server is not the target VLAN management port through the LLDP data.

[0105] It is understood that before the network device dual uplink management configuration device configures the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, it must delete the data of the original management interface. At this point, the target OLT device and the uplink broadband access server will not have management functions, but this will not affect the normal transmission of network data.

[0106] S702: When the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus deletes the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server.

[0107] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus logs into the target OLT device through the SHH protocol, obtains LLDP data, and determines that the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server is not the target VLAN management port through the LLDP data.

[0108] S703: When the VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus deletes the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server.

[0109] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus logs into the target OLT device through the SHH protocol, obtains LLDP data, and determines that the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server is not the target VLAN management port through the LLDP data.

[0110] S704: The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus deletes the initial VLAN management interface information of the virtual router when the VLAN management interface of the virtual router is not the target VLAN management interface information.

[0111] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus logs into the target OLT device through the SHH protocol, obtains LLDP data, and determines the initial VLAN management interface of the virtual router is not the target VLAN management port through the LLDP data.

[0112] In one possible implementation, after completing the configuration of the target network address and the target VLAN management interface, the current network status can be centrally managed through the network management platform, providing intuitive network topology, real-time display of the security and operation status of the entire network, and rapid response and fault location after a network security incident or link interruption.

[0113] The technical solution provided by the above embodiment can at least bring the following beneficial effects: when the network device dual-uplink management configuration device determines that the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, the data of the original management interface is deleted; and the network device dual-uplink management configuration device completes the preliminary work of configuring the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0114] In one possible implementation, combining Figure 4 ,like Figure 8 In the above S403, after the network device dual uplink management configuration device configures the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, it is necessary to verify whether the dual uplink management configuration of the target OLT device is completed. The method includes the following S801-S802, which are described in detail below.

[0115] S801. The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus obtains second ARP data of a target OLT device.

[0116] Among them, the second ARP data includes: ARP data after the target OLT device is configured with the target VLAN management interface, ARP data after the first broadband access server is configured with the target VLAN management interface, ARP data after the second broadband access server is configured with the target VLAN management interface, and ARP data after the virtual router is configured with the target VLAN management interface.

[0117] In one possible implementation, after the network device dual uplink management configuration device configures the target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, the network device dual uplink management configuration device can configure a bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) protocol for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server through a preset configuration script.

[0118] S802: The network device dual uplink management configuration apparatus verifies the second ARP data through the fault detection protocol BFD to determine that the configured first target network address, second target network address, third target network address, and fourth target network address meet VRRP requirements.

[0119] In one possible implementation, after the network device dual-uplink management configuration device determines through the fault detection protocol BFD that the configured first target network address, second target network address, third target network address, and fourth target network address meet the requirements of VRRP, the network device dual-uplink management configuration device logs into the network management system of the target OLT device through the SHH protocol, obtains the LLDP data after the target VLAN management interface is configured, and determines that the VLAN management interfaces of the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server of the target OLT device are the target management interfaces.

[0120] The technical solution provided by the above embodiment can at least bring the following beneficial effects: the network device dual uplink management configuration device configures the BFD protocol and obtains the second ARP data of the target OLT device, and determines that the network device dual uplink management configuration is completed through the BFD protocol.

[0121] In one possible implementation, the network structure after completing the dual uplink management configuration of the network device is as follows: Figure 9As shown, the network address of the target OLT device is 19*.16*.1.1, the network address of the first broadband access server is 19*.16*.1.3, the network address of the second broadband access server is 19*.16*.1.4, and the network address of the virtual router is 19*.16*.1.2; when the link between the first broadband access server and the target OLT device is interrupted or the link between the second broadband access server and the target OLT device is interrupted, link switching can be performed, and the OLT device can be connected to the broadband access server where the link is not interrupted through the virtual router to realize the management function of the OLT device.

[0122] It can be seen that the above mainly introduces the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure from the perspective of methods. In order to realize the above functions, it includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this disclosure.

[0123] The embodiment of the present disclosure can divide the functional modules of the network device dual uplink management configuration device according to the above method example. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. Optionally, the division of modules in the embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrative and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods can be used.

[0124] In one possible implementation, Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a network device dual uplink management configuration device 1000 provided by the present disclosure.

[0125] The network device dual uplink management configuration device 1000 includes: a processing unit 1002; the processing unit 1002 is used to determine a target optical line terminal (OLT) device; the target OLT device is an OLT device that simultaneously accesses a first broadband access server and a second broadband access server; the processing unit 1002 is used to configure target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and a virtual router based on the virtual routing redundancy protocol (VRRP); the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; the processing unit 1002 is used to configure a target VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

[0126] In a possible implementation, the network device dual uplink management configuration device further includes: a communication unit 1001; the communication unit 1001 is used to obtain the first address resolution protocol ARP data of the target OLT device; the first ARP data includes: the first initial network address of the first broadband access server, the second initial network address of the second broadband access server, the third initial network address of the virtual router, and the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device; the processing unit 1002 is further used to generate the first target network address of the first broadband access server, the second target network address of the second broadband access server, the third target network address of the virtual router, and the fourth target network address of the target OLT device based on VRRP; the processing unit 1002 is further used to determine the first initial network address of the first broadband access server The processing unit 1002 is further configured to, when it is determined that the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target first network address, modify the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to the first target network address; the processing unit 1002 is further configured to, when it is determined that the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target first network address, modify the second initial network address of the second broadband access server to the second target network address; the processing unit 1002 is further configured to, when it is determined that the third initial network address of the virtual router is not the target third network address, modify the third initial network address of the virtual router to the third target network address; the processing unit 1002 is further configured to, when it is determined that the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is not the target fourth network address, modify the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device to the fourth target network address.

[0127] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1002 is specifically used to instruct the communication unit 1001 to obtain the link layer discovery protocol LLDP data of the target OLT device; the LLDP data includes: the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server are all modified to the target VLAN management interface.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1002 is further configured to, when the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device is non-target VLAN management interface information, delete the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device; when the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, delete the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server; when the VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, delete the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; and when the VLAN management interface of the virtual router is non-target VLAN management interface information, delete the initial VLAN management interface information of the virtual router.

[0129] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1002 is further configured to instruct the communication unit 1001 to obtain second ARP data of the target OLT device; the second ARP data includes: ARP data after the target OLT device is configured with a target VLAN management interface, ARP data after the first broadband access server is configured with a target VLAN management interface, ARP data after the second broadband access server is configured with a target VLAN management interface, and ARP data after the virtual router is configured with a target VLAN management interface; the second ARP data is verified using a fault detection protocol (BFD) to determine whether the configured first target network address, second target network address, third target network address, and fourth target network address meet VRRP requirements.

[0130] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a network device dual uplink management and configuration device, which includes a processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store computer execution instructions. When the network device dual uplink management and configuration device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the network device dual uplink management and configuration device executes the network device dual uplink management and configuration method recorded in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0131] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product including instructions. When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the network device dual uplink management configuration method in the above method embodiment.

[0132] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to implement the network device dual uplink management configuration method in the above method embodiment.

[0133] Among them, the computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk. Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a register, a hard disk, an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any other form of computer-readable storage medium in a suitable combination of the above, or a numerical value in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0134] Since the apparatus, device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the above-mentioned method, the technical effects that can be obtained can also refer to the above-mentioned method embodiments, and the embodiments of the present disclosure will not be repeated here.

[0135] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual uplink management configuration method for a network device, characterized in that: include: Determine the target optical line terminal (OLT) equipment; The target OLT device is an OLT device that is simultaneously connected to the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; Based on the Virtual Routing Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), target network addresses are configured for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and a virtual router, respectively; the virtual router is used to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; A target virtual local area network (VLAN) management interface is configured for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of configuring target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router based on the virtual routing redundancy VRRP protocol includes: Obtaining first Address Resolution Protocol ARP data of the target OLT device; the first ARP data including: a first initial network address of the first broadband access server, a second initial network address of the second broadband access server, a third initial network address of the virtual router, and a fourth initial network address of the target OLT device; Based on the VRRP, generating a first target network address of the first broadband access server, a second target network address of the second broadband access server, a third target network address of the virtual router, and a fourth target network address of the target OLT device; In a case where the first initial network address of the first broadband access server is not the target first network address, modifying the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to the first target network address; In a case where the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target first network address, modifying the second initial network address of the second broadband access server to the second target network address; In a case where the third initial network address of the virtual router is not the target third network address, modifying the third initial network address of the virtual router to the third target network address; In a case where the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is not the target fourth network address, the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is modified to the fourth target network address.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The configuring a target virtual local area network VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router includes: Acquire Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) data of the target OLT device; the LLDP data includes: initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server, and initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; The initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server are all modified to the target VLAN management interface.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Before modifying the management interface of the virtual local area network VLAN of the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, and the second broadband access server to the target VLAN management interface, the method further includes: When the initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device; When the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server; When the VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server is non-target VLAN management interface information, deleting the initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; In a case where the VLAN management interface of the virtual router is non-target VLAN management interface information, the initial VLAN management interface information of the virtual router is deleted.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that After configuring a target virtual local area network VLAN management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router, the method further includes: Obtaining second ARP data of the target OLT device; the second ARP data includes: ARP data of the target OLT device after configuring the target virtual local area network VLAN management interface, ARP data of the first broadband access server after configuring the target virtual local area network VLAN management interface, ARP data of the second broadband access server after configuring the target virtual local area network VLAN management interface, and ARP data of the virtual router after configuring the target virtual local area network VLAN management interface; The second ARP data is verified by using a BFD protocol to determine that the configured first target network address, second target network address, third target network address, and fourth target network address meet the VRRP requirement.

6. A dual uplink management and configuration device for a network device, characterized in that: include: processing unit; The processing unit is used to determine a target optical line terminal OLT device; The target OLT device is an OLT device that is simultaneously connected to the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; The processing unit is configured to configure target network addresses for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and a virtual router based on a virtual routing redundancy protocol VRRP; the virtual router is configured to connect the first broadband access server and the second broadband access server; The processing unit is configured to configure a target virtual local area network (VLAN) management interface for the target OLT device, the first broadband access server, the second broadband access server, and the virtual router.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that Also includes: Communication unit; The communication unit is configured to obtain first Address Resolution Protocol ARP data of the target OLT device; The first ARP data includes: a first initial network address of the first broadband access server, a second initial network address of the second broadband access server, a third initial network address of the virtual router, and a fourth initial network address of the target OLT device; The processing unit is further configured to generate, based on the VRRP, a first target network address of the first broadband access server, a second target network address of the second broadband access server, a third target network address of the virtual router, and a fourth target network address of the target OLT device; The processing unit is further configured to modify the first initial network address of the first broadband access server to the first target network address when the first initial network address of the first broadband access server is not the target first network address; The processing unit is further configured to modify the second initial network address of the second broadband access server to the second target network address when the second initial network address of the second broadband access server is not the target first network address; The processing unit is further configured to modify the third initial network address of the virtual router to the third target network address when the third initial network address of the virtual router is not the target third network address; The processing unit is further configured to modify the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device to the fourth target network address when the fourth initial network address of the target OLT device is not the target fourth network address.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The processing unit is specifically configured to: Instructing the communication unit to obtain Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) data of the target OLT device; the LLDP data includes: initial VLAN management interface information of the target OLT device, initial VLAN management interface information of the first broadband access server, and initial VLAN management interface information of the second broadband access server; The initial VLAN management interface of the target OLT device, the initial VLAN management interface of the first broadband access server, and the initial VLAN management interface of the second broadband access server are all modified to the target VLAN management interface.

9. A dual uplink management and configuration device for a network device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and when the network device dual-uplink management configuration device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to enable the network device dual-uplink management configuration device to execute the network device dual-uplink management configuration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of the network device dual uplink management configuration, the network device dual uplink management configuration device executes the network device dual uplink management configuration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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