Quick-change positioning mechanism and zero-point positioning method of numerical control machining equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a quick-change positioning mechanism of a numerical control machining device and a zero-point positioning method, quick-change connecting pieces equipped with positioning pieces are respectively assembled to a first base and a second base, the positioning pieces on the same base are located at the same height, and reference parts are located on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface; the reference surfaces of the two bases are arranged at 90 degrees; a detection program is started, a centering rod sequentially touches the reference surfaces along a test track, and a control system automatically calculates a zero point; a workpiece to be processed is installed on a table permanent magnetic chuck, the workpiece to be processed is moved to make a first side of the workpiece to be processed abut against the reference surface formed by the positioning pieces of the first base and a second side abut against the reference surface formed by the positioning pieces of the second base; a coordinate system is preliminarily constructed in a physical space mode, and zero-point positioning for subsequent machining is completed through only one centering, so that the pre-centering and metering time is shortened, the centering deviation error rate is reduced, machining operation is more coherent, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of numerical control machining equipment, and relates to a quick-change positioning mechanism of a numerical control machining equipment and a zero-point positioning method. BACKGROUND

[0002] For example, numerical control milling machines, numerical control machining centers and other numerical control machining equipment generally include a workbench, a clamping tool and a machining tool. It is an automatic machine tool equipped with a program control system. The control system can logically process programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions and translate them into code numbers, which are input into the numerical control device through an information carrier. After operation processing, various control signals are sent out by the numerical control device to control the movement of the machine tool. The machining tool runs along the trajectory according to the pre-edited program, and automatically processes the parts according to the required shape and size of the drawing.

[0003] The patent document with the authorization announcement number CN213053796U discloses a workpiece fixing device for a numerical control milling machine, which includes a grinding machine permanent magnet chuck on the workbench of the numerical control milling machine and a handle arranged on one outer side wall of the grinding machine permanent magnet chuck. A fixing assembly is connected between the grinding machine permanent magnet chuck and the workbench to fix the grinding machine permanent magnet chuck on the workbench.

[0004] The patent document with the authorization announcement number CN216097648U discloses a workpiece quick positioning tool for a numerical control milling machine, which includes a workbench, a magnetic table body, a supporting plate, a workpiece clamping mechanism and a sliding baffle mechanism. The magnetic table body is arranged at the left end of the workbench, the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged at the right end of the workbench, the supporting plate is arranged between the magnetic table body and the workpiece clamping mechanism, and the sliding baffle mechanism is arranged on the workbench at the right end of the workpiece clamping mechanism.

[0005] The above-mentioned patents disclose devices and methods for clamping workpieces on the workbench of numerical control machining equipment. However, because the position of the clamped workpiece may deviate, the zero point of the workpiece needs to be found for tool setting at the beginning of machining, so as to associate the drawing, the workpiece and the machining program, so as to process the workpiece meeting the requirements.

[0006] The finding of the zero point of the machining workpiece of the numerical control machining equipment is called centering, and the detection device of the centering is generally called a centering rod. After the centering rod is installed, the measurement sequence is started, the probe of the centering rod touches each side of the workpiece in turn, that is, the edge is searched, and the mechanical coordinates of the current point are recorded. The control system automatically calculates the machining zero point of the workpiece. However, the process of centering and edge searching takes a long time, and if each workpiece needs to be centered after installation, the machining cycle is prolonged, and the machining efficiency is reduced. Moreover, the accuracy of the centering depends on the performance of the equipment itself and the skill proficiency of the operator. If the centering is not accurate, the machining error may occur and even the workpiece may be scrapped. SUMMARY

[0007] Based on the technical problems existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a quick-change positioning mechanism of a numerical control machining equipment and a zero-point positioning method.

[0008] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the quick-change positioning mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment comprises a workbench, a table-type permanent magnetic chuck and a quick-change positioning backstop assembly.

[0009] The table-type permanent magnetic chuck and the quick-change positioning backstop assembly are arranged on the workbench.

[0010] The quick-change positioning backstop assembly comprises a first backstop unit and a second backstop unit.

[0011] The first backstop unit comprises a first base, and the second backstop unit comprises a second base.

[0012] The first base and the second base are respectively located at a first side and a second side of the table-type permanent magnetic chuck.

[0013] Each base is provided with a plurality of quick-change connecting pieces through a positioning assembly.

[0014] Each quick-change connecting piece is provided with a plurality of positioning pieces on a side close to the table-type permanent magnetic chuck.

[0015] Each base corresponds to at least two positioning pieces, and a reference part is arranged on an end of each positioning piece close to the table-type permanent magnetic chuck.

[0016] The reference part is located at an outermost side of the backstop unit close to the workbench and is higher than an upper surface of the table-type permanent magnetic chuck.

[0017] The reference parts of the positioning pieces on the same base are located on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface.

[0018] The positioning pieces of the first base form a first reference surface, and the positioning pieces of the second base form a second reference surface.

[0019] The first reference surface and the second reference surface are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees.

[0020] The preferred technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that a plurality of first positioning holes are arranged on each base along the same straight line.

[0021] Each quick-change connecting piece is provided with at least two second positioning holes.

[0022] At least two positioning pins are arranged between each quick-change connector and the corresponding base;

[0023] The second positioning hole of the quick-change connector is aligned with the first positioning hole of the base;

[0024] The positioning pin passes through the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole to position the quick-change connector on the corresponding base.

[0025] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the upper end surface of each base is lower than the upper surface of the table-type permanent magnetic chuck;

[0026] When the quick-change connector and the positioning member on the base are removed, the space above the base can allow the partial entry of the workpiece placed on the upper surface of the table-type permanent magnetic chuck.

[0027] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the table-type permanent magnetic chuck is in a square block structure;

[0028] The first and second backstop units are respectively located on the two adjacent sides of the table-type permanent magnetic chuck;

[0029] The first and second bases are rectangular blocks;

[0030] The length direction side length of the base is parallel to the side length of the corresponding table-type permanent magnetic chuck rectangle;

[0031] The base and the table-type permanent magnetic chuck rectangle have a spacing distance;

[0032] The length of the base is less than the side length of the corresponding table-type permanent magnetic chuck rectangle.

[0033] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the quick-change connector is provided with a connecting surface at one end close to the table-type permanent magnetic chuck;

[0034] The connecting surfaces of the quick-change connectors on the same base are located on the same vertical plane;

[0035] The connecting surface is provided with a connecting hole for connecting the positioning member;

[0036] The connecting holes of the quick-change connectors on the same base are located on the same straight line.

[0037] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the quick-change positioning mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment:

[0038] The quick-change positioning mechanism comprises a workbench, a table-type permanent magnetic chuck, and a quick-change positioning backstop assembly;

[0039] The table-type permanent magnetic chuck is in a square block structure and comprises a flat upper surface for adsorbing and supporting a workpiece;

[0040] The quick-change positioning backstop assembly comprises a first backstop unit and a second backstop unit;

[0041] The first backstop unit and the second backstop unit are respectively located on two sides adjacent to the table permanent magnetic chuck;

[0042] The first backstop unit comprises a first base, and the second backstop unit comprises a second base;

[0043] The table permanent magnetic chuck, the first base and the second base are fixed on the workbench;

[0044] Each base is a rectangular block, and the rectangular block is parallel to the length of the corresponding table permanent magnetic chuck rectangle;

[0045] Each base is provided with a plurality of quick-change connecting pieces;

[0046] Each base is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes along the same straight line;

[0047] Each quick-change connecting piece is provided with at least two second positioning holes;

[0048] At least two positioning pins are provided between each quick-change connecting piece and the corresponding base;

[0049] The second positioning holes of the quick-change connecting piece are aligned with the first positioning holes of the base;

[0050] The positioning pins pass through the first positioning holes and the second positioning holes to position the quick-change connecting piece on the corresponding base;

[0051] Each quick-change connecting piece is detachably provided with a plurality of positioning pieces on the side close to the workbench;

[0052] The positioning pieces are wear-resistant pieces, and each base corresponds to at least two positioning pieces;

[0053] The positioning pieces are provided with reference parts at one end close to the workbench;

[0054] The reference parts are located on the outermost side of the backstop unit close to the workbench and are higher than the upper surface of the table permanent magnetic chuck;

[0055] The reference parts of each positioning piece on the same base are located on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface;

[0056] The positioning pieces of the first base form a first reference surface, and the positioning pieces of the second base form a second reference surface;

[0057] The first reference surface and the second reference surface are arranged at 90 degrees.

[0058] The preferred technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the fast-changing connecting piece is provided with a connecting surface at one end close to the table-type permanent magnetic chuck;

[0059] The connecting surfaces of the fast-changing connecting pieces on the same base are located on the same vertical plane;

[0060] The connecting surface is provided with a connecting hole for connecting the positioning piece;

[0061] The connecting holes of the fast-changing connecting pieces on the same base are located on the same straight line.

[0062] The preferred technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the positioning piece is fixed to one side of the fast-changing connecting piece through a screw;

[0063] The outer end of the positioning piece is provided with a counterbore recessed in the reference part;

[0064] The limiting head of the screw is located in the counterbore.

[0065] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is that the zero-point positioning method of the numerical control machining equipment comprises the following steps:

[0066] S1: preparing a rectangular block-shaped first base and a second base, a plurality of fast-changing connecting pieces and a plurality of positioning pieces; the heights of the first base and the second base are equal;

[0067] S2: fixing the first base and the second base on the workbenches on the adjacent two sides of the table-type permanent magnetic chuck by fasteners, and arranging the first base and the second base at 90 degrees;

[0068] S3: assembling the positioning pieces to the vertical surfaces of the fast-changing connecting pieces, and arranging the positioning pieces of each fast-changing connecting piece at equal distances from the lower plane;

[0069] S4: assembling the fast-changing connecting pieces provided with the positioning pieces to the first base and the second base respectively, arranging the positioning pieces on the same base at the same height, and arranging the reference parts on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface; and arranging the reference surfaces of the two bases at 90 degrees;

[0070] S5: installing a centering rod, starting a detection program, and making the centering rod sequentially touch the reference surfaces of the positioning pieces of the first base and the second base along a test track, and recording the mechanical coordinates of the current point, and automatically calculating the zero point by the control system;

[0071] S6: installing a workpiece to be machined on the table-type permanent magnetic chuck, moving the workpiece to be machined to abut the first edge of the workpiece to be machined against the reference surface formed by the positioning pieces of the first base, and abutting the second edge against the reference surface formed by the positioning pieces of the second base;

[0072] S7: starting a machining program with the zero point obtained in S5 as the machining zero point to machine the workpiece to be machined.

[0073] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0074] S8: removing part of the quick-change connecting member and the corresponding positioning member, starting a machining program with the zero point obtained in S5 as the machining zero point to machine the position of the workpiece to be machined disturbed by the part of the quick-change connecting member and the corresponding positioning member.

[0075] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0076] Firstly, a coordinate system is preliminarily constructed in a physical space by the machining accuracy of each component of the quick-change positioning mechanism and the installation and positioning accuracy, and the zero point positioning for subsequent machining is completed through only one division, thereby shortening the early division and table setting time, reducing the error rate of the division and table setting number, making the machining operation more coherent, and improving the machining efficiency.

[0077] Secondly, the first and second abutment units have an abutting effect on the workpiece, which can prevent the workpiece to be machined from deviating during machining, further ensures the accuracy of the machining zero point, ensures the smooth progress of machining, and is also beneficial to improving the machining accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0078] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. In addition, unless specifically indicated, the drawings only schematically represent the composition or structure of the described objects and can include exaggerated displays, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0079] Figure 1 First use of the quick-change positioning mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment Figure 1 ;

[0080] Figure 2 First use of the quick-change positioning mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment Figure 2 ;

[0081] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the quick-change positioning mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment Figure 1 ;

[0082] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the quick-change positioning mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment Figure 2 ;

[0083] Figure 5This is a second schematic diagram of the quick-change positioning mechanism for CNC machining equipment.

[0084] Figure 6 An exploded view of the quick-change positioning mechanism of a CNC machining equipment;

[0085] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third use of the quick-change positioning mechanism for CNC machining equipment.

[0086] Figure 8 A partial schematic diagram of a quick-change positioning mechanism for CNC machining equipment;

[0087] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-change connector and positioning component of the quick-change positioning mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0088] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these descriptions are merely descriptive and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0089] It should be noted that similar labels in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connect," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0092] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a quick-change positioning mechanism for CNC machining equipment, including a worktable 100 of the CNC machining equipment itself, a tabletop permanent magnet chuck 200 fixed on the worktable 100, and a quick-change positioning backing component set on the worktable 100 for positioning.

[0093] like Figures 1-4As shown, the quick-change positioning abutment assembly includes a first abutment unit 300 and a second abutment unit 400. The first abutment unit 300 and the second abutment unit 400 are respectively located on the first side and the second side of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200. The first side and the second side are two adjacent directions in the cross direction. Preferably, the table permanent magnetic chuck 200 is in a square block structure; the first abutment unit 300 and the second abutment unit 400 are respectively located on the two adjacent sides of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200.

[0094] Specifically, as shown in the drawings, Figures 3-4 the first abutment unit 300 includes a first base 1, and the second abutment unit 400 includes a second base 2; the first base 1 and the second base 2 are respectively located on the first side and the second side of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200 as the basis of positioning.

[0095] As shown in the drawings, Figures 3-4 each base is provided with a plurality of quick-change connecting pieces 3 through a positioning assembly. Each quick-change connecting piece 3 is provided with a plurality of positioning pieces 4 near one side of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200. Each base corresponds to at least two positioning pieces 4, and the positioning piece 4 is provided with a reference part 41 near one end of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200. The reference part 41 is located on the outermost side of the abutment unit near the workbench 100 and is higher than the upper surface of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200. The reference parts 41 of the positioning pieces 4 on the same base are located on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface. The positioning pieces 4 of the first base 1 form a first reference surface, and the positioning pieces 4 of the second base 2 form a second reference surface; the first reference surface and the second reference surface are arranged at 90 degrees.

[0096] It should be noted that the above description includes the case that a plurality of quick-change connecting pieces 3 are arranged at intervals in the length direction on one base, and one or more positioning pieces 4 are arranged on each quick-change connecting piece. It also includes the case that only one quick-change connecting piece 3 is arranged on one base, and a plurality of positioning pieces 4 are arranged on the quick-change connecting piece. The arrangement of the quick-change connecting piece and the positioning piece 4 can be set according to the most common working condition demand, thereby improving the universality of the quick-change positioning mechanism and further improving the convenience of the zero-point positioning of the numerical control machining equipment.

[0097] Based on the above quick-change positioning mechanism, the zero-point positioning method of the numerical control machining equipment includes the following steps:

[0098] S1: preparing a rectangular block-shaped first base 1 and a second base 2, a plurality of quick-change connecting pieces 3, and a plurality of positioning pieces 4; the height of the first base 1 and the second base 2 is equal.

[0099] S2: fixing the first base 1 and the second base 2 on the workbench 100 on the two adjacent sides of the square block-shaped table permanent magnetic chuck 200 with fasteners, and the first base 1 and the second base 2 are arranged at 90 degrees.

[0100] S3: Assemble the positioning member 4 to the vertical surface of the quick-change connecting member 3, and the distance between the positioning member 4 of each quick-change connecting member 3 and the lower plane is equal.

[0101] S4: Assemble the quick-change connecting member 3 with the positioning member 4 to the first base 1 and the second base 2 respectively, the positioning members 4 on the same base are at the same height, and the reference parts 41 are on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface; the reference surfaces of the two bases are arranged at 90 degrees.

[0102] S5: Install the centering rod, start the detection program, and the centering rod sequentially touches the reference surfaces of the positioning members 4 of the first base 1 and the second base 2 along the test track, and records the mechanical coordinates of the current point, and the control system automatically calculates the zero point.

[0103] S6: After the workpiece to be processed is installed on the table permanent magnetic chuck 200, the workpiece to be processed is moved to abut the first edge of the workpiece to be processed against the reference surface formed by the positioning member 4 of the first base 1, and the second edge against the reference surface formed by the positioning member 4 of the second base 2.

[0104] S7: Take the zero point obtained in S5 as the machining zero point to start the machining program and process the workpiece to be processed.

[0105] The understanding of the zero point positioning method is that it preliminarily constructs a coordinate system in a physical space way through the machining accuracy of each component of the quick-change positioning mechanism and the installation and positioning accuracy, that is, the projection straight line of the first reference surface of the first backstop unit 300 and the projection straight line of the second reference surface of the second backstop unit 400 are the coordinate axes of the XOY coordinate system, and the intersection point of the virtual extensions thereof is the zero point.

[0106] Based on this preliminarily established coordinate system, the centering detection mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment is used to calibrate the coordinate system before machining, to further determine the zero point of the constructed physical coordinate system, and to take this zero point as the zero point for subsequent machining.

[0107] In the traditional technology, after each workpiece to be processed is installed on the table permanent magnetic chuck 200, the centering detection mechanism of the numerical control machining equipment is used to center, the centering rod sequentially touches each edge of the workpiece to be processed, and records the mechanical coordinates of the current point, and the control system automatically calculates the machining zero point of the workpiece. That is, in the traditional technology, the machining zero point of the workpiece needs to be determined by re-centering each time.

[0108] In this embodiment, zero-point positioning for subsequent processing is completed in a single centering operation. This is because the first side of the workpiece to be processed is close to the first reference surface of the first support unit 300, and the second side of the workpiece to be processed is close to the second reference surface of the second support unit 400. The position of the first side of the workpiece to be processed corresponds to the position of the first reference surface, and the position of the second side of the workpiece to be processed corresponds to the position of the second reference surface. Therefore, by performing edge-finding operations on the quick-change positioning mechanism, the position of each edge of the workpiece to be processed, which is mounted close to the support unit on the tabletop permanent magnet chuck 200, is determined. In other words, the processing zero point of each workpiece to be processed mounted in this manner is consistent, and is the zero point of the quick-change positioning mechanism determined in the single centering operation. This shortens the initial centering and dialing time, reduces the centering deviation error rate, makes the processing operation more continuous, and improves processing efficiency.

[0109] In addition, since the first backing unit 300 and the second backing unit 400 not only have the function of zero-point positioning, but also have the function of backing, they can prevent the workpiece to be processed from shifting during the processing, further ensure the accuracy of the processing zero point, ensure the smooth progress of processing, and also help improve the processing accuracy.

[0110] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 8, each base has multiple first positioning holes K1 along the same straight line. Each quick-change connector 3 has at least two second positioning holes K2. At least two positioning pins 5 are provided between each quick-change connector 3 and the corresponding base. The second positioning holes K2 of the quick-change connector 3 are aligned with the first positioning holes K1 of the base. The positioning assembly includes the first positioning holes K1, the second positioning holes K2, and the positioning pins 5. The positioning pins 5 pass through the first positioning holes K1 and the second positioning holes K2 to position the quick-change connector 3 on the corresponding base. Through the positioning pins 5, the quick-change connector 3 is connected to the base in a defined position, which is also one of the factors that ensure the positioning accuracy of the positioning component 4.

[0111] In theory, after being positioned by the positioning pin 5, the quick-change connector 3 is positioned on the base and can perform its function. However, to avoid its vertical movement under force affecting the zero-point positioning, the quick-change connector 3 is further fixed to the base with screws. By unscrewing the screws, the quick-change connector 3 can be released from the base and removed upwards.

[0112] The reasons for designing the connectors in this quick-change manner include:

[0113] First, the positioning part 4 may wear out during long-term processing, so it needs to be repaired and replaced. The quick-change connector 3 is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0114] Second, as shown in Figure 5 When the machining position f is interfered, the quick-change connector 3 of the position is removed flexibly, and the machining is completed smoothly without moving the workpiece to be machined. That is, the quick-change connector 3 and the corresponding positioning member 4 are removed, the zero point obtained in S5 is taken as the machining zero point to start the machining program, and the position of the workpiece to be machined interfered by the quick-change connector 3 and the corresponding positioning member 4 is machined.

[0115] Third, when a large workpiece is machined by using the numerical control machining equipment, the above-mentioned zero positioning method cannot guarantee the stability of the workpiece, and the workpiece needs to be installed in a way that occupies the space above the base. The quick-removable quick-removable part is arranged in a quick-removable way, which can enhance the versatility of the numerical control machining equipment.

[0116] Based on the third point, as shown in Figure 7 The upper end surface of each base is lower than the upper surface of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200 or flush with the upper surface of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200. When the quick-change connector 3 and the positioning member 4 on the base are removed, the space above the base can be used to place the part of the workpiece on the upper surface of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200.

[0117] More preferably, the upper end surface of each base is lower than the upper surface of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200. This avoids the interference of the flatness of the upper end surface of the base on the placement of the workpiece.

[0118] As shown in Figure 6 The first base 1 and the second base 2 are rectangular blocks. The length direction side length of the base is substantially parallel to the side length of the corresponding table permanent magnetic chuck 200 rectangle. In this way, the shapes of the components are regular, the machining accuracy is easy to guarantee, the positioning method is simpler, it is easier to measure the accuracy of the position, and it is more conducive to the physical initial positioning of the support unit.

[0119] Preferably, as shown in Figure 5 The base and the table permanent magnetic chuck 200 rectangle have a spacing distance L. This spacing distance L is first to make more efficient use of the effective area of the table permanent magnetic chuck 200; second, to form a sewage gap, so that metal chips and cooling liquid generated during machining can be discharged from this spacing distance.

[0120] Preferably, the length of the base is less than the side length of the corresponding table permanent magnetic chuck 200 rectangle. Because the length of the base, the excessive layout of the quick-change connector 3 and the positioning member 4 will also affect the machining due to the interference with the side of the workpiece to be machined.

[0121] As shown in Figure 8As shown, the quick-change connector 3 has a connecting surface 31 at one end near the desktop permanent magnet chuck 200; the connecting surfaces 31 of the quick-change connectors 3 on the same base are located on the same vertical plane. The connecting surfaces 31 being located on the same vertical plane ensures that the reference portion 41 of the positioning member 4 is located on the same reference plane. This connecting surface 31 is used for detachably connecting the positioning member 4. This means that after the positioning member 4 wears out, there is no need to scrap the quick-change connector 3; only the corresponding positioning member 4 needs to be replaced. Therefore, it can save processing costs and avoid the uncontrollability of accuracy caused by the involvement of more quick-change connectors 3.

[0122] like Figure 9 As shown, the positioning member 4 is fixed to one side of the quick-change connector 3 by screws; the outer end of the positioning member 4 is provided with a countersunk hole P recessed in the reference part 41; the limiting head of the screw is located in the countersunk hole P, thereby avoiding interference of the screw with the reference part 41.

[0123] Preferably, the positioning component 4 is a wear-resistant part, which can be formed from steel after specific heat treatment, or it can be formed by processing some wear-resistant materials, such as high manganese steel, high manganese alloy, ultra-high manganese alloy, chromium alloy cast iron, carbon multi-element alloy steel, austenitic ductile iron, cemented carbide, etc. Because the positioning component 4 is a wear-resistant part, the replacement frequency can be reduced, the positioning installation frequency can be reduced, and the processing convenience can be improved; moreover, zero-point offset can be avoided during processing, ensuring processing accuracy.

[0124] like Figures 8-9 As shown, the connecting surface 31 is provided with connecting holes T for connecting the positioning element 4; the connecting holes T of the quick-change connector 3 on the same base are located on the same straight line, so that the positioning elements are located on the same straight line. This is to better match the situation of centering each workpiece to be processed in the conventional technology.

[0125] The quick-change positioning mechanism and zero-point positioning method for CNC machining equipment provided by this invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand this invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change positioning mechanism for CNC machining equipment, characterized in that: Includes a workbench, a desktop permanent magnet chuck, and a quick-change positioning backrest assembly; The desktop permanent magnet chuck has a block-shaped structure and includes a flat upper surface for adsorbing and supporting the workpiece. The quick-change positioning backing component includes a first backing unit and a second backing unit; The first backing unit and the second backing unit are located on adjacent sides of the tabletop permanent magnet chuck, respectively. The first support unit includes a first base, and the second support unit includes a second base; The desktop permanent magnet chuck, the first base, and the second base are fixed on the workbench; Each base is a rectangular block, and the rectangular block is parallel to the side length of the corresponding tabletop permanent magnet chuck rectangle; Each base is equipped with several quick-change connectors; Each base has multiple first positioning holes along the same straight line; Each quick-change connector is provided with at least two second positioning holes; Each quick-change connector and its corresponding base are provided with at least two locating pins; The second positioning hole of the quick-change connector is aligned with the first positioning hole of the base; The positioning pin passes through the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole to position the quick-change connector on the corresponding base; Each quick-change connector has several positioning elements detachably provided on the side near the worktable; The positioning components are wear-resistant, and each base has at least two positioning components. The positioning component has a reference part at one end near the worktable; The reference part is located on the outermost side of the backing unit, near the workbench, and above the upper surface of the tabletop permanent magnet chuck. The reference parts of each positioning component on the same base are located on the same vertical plane to form a reference surface; The positioning element of the first base forms a first reference surface, and the positioning element of the second base forms a second reference surface; The first and second reference planes are set at a 90-degree angle. The quick-change connector has a connecting surface at the end near the desktop permanent magnet chuck. The connecting surfaces of quick-change connectors on the same base are located on the same vertical plane; The connecting surface is provided with connecting holes for connecting positioning components; The connection holes of the quick-change connectors on the same base are located on the same straight line.

2. The quick-change positioning mechanism for CNC machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning element is fixed to one side of the quick-change connector by screws; The outer end of the positioning component is provided with a countersunk hole recessed into the reference portion; The limiting head of the screw is located inside the countersunk hole.

3. The zero-point positioning method for CNC machining equipment according to claims 1-2, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare rectangular block-shaped first and second bases, multiple quick-change connectors, and multiple positioning components; the first and second bases are of equal height. S2: Fix the first base and the second base to the adjacent worktables on both sides of the block-shaped tabletop permanent magnet chuck with fasteners, with the first base and the second base set at a 90-degree angle. S3: Assemble the positioning component onto the vertical surface of the quick-change connector, with the positioning component of each quick-change connector being equidistant from the lower plane; S4: Assemble the quick-change connectors equipped with positioning parts onto the first base and the second base respectively. The positioning parts on the same base are at the same height, and the reference parts are on the same vertical plane to form a reference plane; the reference planes of the two bases are set at 90 degrees. S5: Install the centering rod, start the testing program, the centering rod touches the reference surface of the positioning parts of the first base and the second base in sequence along the test trajectory, and records the mechanical coordinates of the current point. The control system automatically calculates the zero point. S6: The workpiece to be processed is installed on the tabletop permanent magnet chuck. The workpiece is moved so that the first side of the workpiece abuts against the reference surface formed by the positioning component of the first base, and the second side abuts against the reference surface formed by the positioning component of the second base. S7: Start the machining program using the zero point obtained in S5 as the machining zero point, and process the workpiece to be processed; S8: Remove some quick-change connectors and corresponding positioning parts, and start the machining program with the zero point obtained in S5 as the machining zero point. Machin the workpiece at the position where it is disturbed by the quick-change connectors and corresponding positioning parts.

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