Resonator and circuit element

Abstract

A resonator is disposed on a circuit board and includes a first coupling line, a second coupling line, at least one first resonant line, and at least one ground plane. The at least one first resonant line forms a loop shape. The first coupling line, the second coupling line, and the at least one first resonant line are located on a conductive layer of the circuit board. The first coupling line and the second coupling line are parallel to a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion of the at least one first resonant line, respectively. The first coupling line and the second coupling line couple the at least one first resonant line and are disposed inside the at least one first resonant line. The at least one ground plane is located on another conductive layer of the circuit board. Thus, the layout configuration flexibility of the circuit board is improved. The present disclosure also relates to a circuit element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a resonator and circuit element, and more particularly to a resonator and circuit element disposed on a circuit board. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by humanity's pursuit of a more convenient life, diverse wireless communication systems and radio frequency technologies have been developed, each with multiple operating frequency bands. For example, the recent rise of 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) technology has led to a proliferation of consumer electronics products equipped with this technology, with terminal products being updated daily and demand surging. Simultaneously, this also means that the development and verification timeline, cost, and design complexity of electronic products and their components will correspondingly increase.

[0003] For example, during the development and design phase, radio frequency (RF) engineers need to obtain relevant parameters and information about the circuit board material before designing circuit components such as RF transmission lines, resonant structures, and antennas suitable for the board. While designing resonators on the circuit board can help confirm its material properties, the dielectric constant (Dk) of the circuit board varies with frequency. Therefore, existing resonators are insufficient for broadband products. For instance, they cannot differentiate the dielectric constant across different frequency bands within the 5G millimeter-wave FR2-1 band (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). Thus, existing resonators are still insufficient to meet the increasingly complex demands of wireless communication products in terms of timing, cost, and simplified design, and it remains difficult to accurately design the required circuit components.

[0004] In view of this, how to reduce the time, cost and design complexity of resonators or development circuit components used for verification circuit boards, while meeting the RF characteristics requirements of wireless communication systems, and further making the products more competitive in the market, has become a topic of concern in the market. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a resonator and circuit element disposed on a circuit board and including a first coupling line, a second coupling line, at least one first resonant line and at least one ground plane. A ring is formed by the at least one first resonant line. The first coupling line and the second coupling line couple the at least one first resonant line and are disposed inside the at least one first resonant line, which is beneficial to improving the layout and configuration flexibility of the circuit board.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a resonator is provided, disposed on a circuit board and including a first coupling line, a second coupling line, at least one first resonant line, at least one second resonant line, and at least one ground plane. The first coupling line is connected to a first feed point, and the second coupling line is connected to a second feed point. The at least one first resonant line forms a ring, and the first coupling line, the second coupling line, and the at least one first resonant line are all located on a conductive layer of the circuit board. The first coupling line and the second coupling line are parallel to the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion of the at least one first resonant line, respectively, and are coupled to the at least one first resonant line and disposed inside the at least one first resonant line. The at least one second resonant line forms a ring and is located on the conductive layer of the circuit board, wherein the first coupling line and the second coupling line are parallel to the third coupling portion and the fourth coupling portion of the at least one second resonant line, respectively, and are coupled to the at least one second resonant line and disposed outside the at least one second resonant line. The at least one ground plane is located on another conductive layer of the circuit board, and the at least one ground plane serves as a reference ground for the first coupling line, the second coupling line, the at least one first resonant line, and the at least one second resonant line.

[0007] According to another embodiment of this disclosure, a circuit element is provided, disposed on a circuit board and including a first coupling line, a second coupling line, at least one first resonant line, at least one second resonant line, and at least one ground plane. The first coupling line extends of equal length in two directions from a first feed point, and the second coupling line extends of equal length in two directions from a second feed point. The at least one first resonant line forms a loop. The first coupling line, the second coupling line, and the at least one first resonant line are all located on a conductive layer of the circuit board. The first coupling line and the second coupling line are parallel to the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion of the at least one first resonant line, respectively, and are coupled to the at least one first resonant line and disposed opposite to each other on the inner side of the at least one first resonant line. The at least one second resonant line forms a loop and is located on the conductive layer of the circuit board, wherein the first coupling line and the second coupling line are parallel to the third coupling portion and the fourth coupling portion of the at least one second resonant line, respectively, and are coupled to the at least one second resonant line and disposed opposite to each other on the outer side of the at least one second resonant line. The at least one ground plane is located on another conductive layer of the circuit board, and the at least one ground plane is a reference ground for the first coupling line, the second coupling line, the at least one first resonant line, and the at least one second resonant line. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1A A perspective view of the resonator according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0009] Figure 1B Draw Figure 1A Top view of the signal lines of the mid-resonator;

[0010] Figure 1C Drawing along Figure 1B A cross-sectional view of the horizontal line p1, which serves as the section line;

[0011] Figure 1D Draw Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the resonator;

[0012] Figure 1E Draw Figure 1A Schematic diagram of surface current density of a mid-resonator;

[0013] Figure 1F Draw Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the operating parameters of the resonator;

[0014] Figure 1G Draw Figure 1A Another schematic diagram of the operating parameters of the resonator;

[0015] Figure 1H Draw Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the operating parameters of the resonator;

[0016] Figure 2A A perspective view of the resonator according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0017] Figure 2B Draw Figure 2A Top view of the signal lines of the mid-resonator;

[0018] Figure 2C Drawing along Figure 2B A cross-sectional view of the transverse line p2 as the section line; and

[0019] Figure 2D Draw Figure 2A A schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the resonator.

[0020] The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0021] 100, 200: Resonator

[0022] 101, 102, 103, 104, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205: Conductive layers

[0023] 101g, 201g, 202g, 203g, 204g, 205g: Grounding plane

[0024] 108, 208: Circuit Boards

[0025] 110, 210: First feed line

[0026] 113, 114, 173, 174: Conductors

[0027] 115: First signal via

[0028] 119, 219: First feed point

[0029] 120, 220: First coupling line

[0030] 130, 230, 235: First resonance line

[0031] 131, 231, 236: First coupling part

[0032] 132, 232, 237: Second coupling section

[0033] 150, 250: Second resonance line

[0034] 151, 251: Third coupling section

[0035] 152, 252: Fourth coupling section

[0036] 160, 260: Second coupling line

[0037] 170, 270: Second feed line

[0038] 175: Second signal via

[0039] 179, 279: Second feed point

[0040] 185, 209, 285: Grounding vias

[0041] 233, 234, 238, 239: Endpoints

[0042] g1: First spacing

[0043] g2: Second spacing

[0044] g3: Minimum spacing

[0045] p1, p2: Horizontal lines

[0046] q1, q2: Vertical lines

[0047] w1: Width

[0048] x: First direction

[0049] y: Second direction

[0050] z: Third-party direction Detailed Implementation

[0051] Figure 1A A perspective view of the resonator 100 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1B Draw Figure 1A Top view of the signal lines of the resonator 100. Figure 1C Drawing along Figure 1B The cross-sectional view, with the transverse line p1 as the section line, clearly shows the structure of the resonator 100. The accompanying diagrams in this disclosure are illustrated in a Cartesian coordinate system with a first direction x, a second direction y, and a third direction z. Please refer to... Figures 1A to 1C According to the first embodiment of this disclosure, the circuit element is specifically a resonator 100. The resonator 100 is disposed on a circuit board 108 and includes a first coupling line 120, a second coupling line 160, a first resonant line 130, and at least one ground plane (e.g., a ground plane 101g located in the conductive layer 101). The circuit board 108 sequentially includes at least conductive layers 101, 102, 103, and 104. Furthermore, the circuit element in other embodiments of this disclosure may specifically be a resonator or a filter. The shape and size of the circuit board are not limited to the figures in this disclosure. The circuit board may be a printed circuit board, a flexible circuit board, or a circuit substrate made of other dielectric materials, and is not limited thereto.

[0052] The first coupling line 120 connects to the first feed point 119, and the second coupling line 160 connects to the second feed point 179. The first resonant line 130 forms a ring. The first coupling line 120, the second coupling line 160, and the first resonant line 130 are all located on the conductive layer 103 of the circuit board 108. The first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160 are parallel to the first coupling portion 131 and the second coupling portion 132 of the first resonant line 130, respectively (i.e., they maintain the same distance from the first coupling portion 131 and the second coupling portion 132, respectively). The first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160 couple to the first resonant line 130 and are disposed relatively inside the first resonant line 130. For example, the first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160 are respectively disposed in the negative and positive directions of the first direction x inside the first resonant line 130. Figure 1BAs shown. Each of the conductive layers 101, 102, 103, and 104 specifically includes a ground plane. These ground planes are interconnected through multiple ground vias. At least one of these ground planes serves as the reference ground for the first coupling line 120, the second coupling line 160, the first resonant line 130, and other parts of the resonator 100. It should be understood that some conductors (signal lines) in the resonator or circuit element disclosed herein may have at least two reference grounds. For example, the reference ground of the first resonant line 130 may be at least two ground planes located on conductive layers 102 and 104, respectively. Therefore, the first resonant line 130 of the resonator 100 has the flexibility of the layout configuration of the circuit board 108 and can generate at least two resonant frequencies. This is beneficial for designing the resonator 100 as a verification device for the RF characteristics of the circuit board 108, such as its dielectric constant, or as a circuit element (e.g., a filter) in an RF circuit to meet the multi-band design requirements of today's wireless communication products. Furthermore, the “connection” described in this disclosure refers to a physical connection between two elements, which can be direct or indirect, while the “coupled” described in this disclosure refers to two elements that are separate from each other and have no physical connection, and the electric field energy generated by the current through one element excites the electric field energy of the other element.

[0053] Specifically, the resonator 100 further includes a first feed line 110 and a second feed line 170. A first feed point 119 is connected between the first feed line 110 and the first coupling line 120, and a second feed point 179 is connected between the second feed line 170 and the second coupling line 160. Both the first feed line 110 and the second feed line 170 are arranged along a virtual horizontal line p1. This helps reduce the structural complexity of the resonator 100.

[0054] Both the first feed line 110 and the second feed line 170 are located on the conductive layer 101 of the circuit board 108. The first feed line 110, the first signal via 115, the first feed point 119, and the first coupling line 120 are arranged and connected in sequence, and the second feed line 170, the second signal via 175, the second feed point 179, and the second coupling line 160 are arranged and connected in sequence. This facilitates signal feeding into the resonator 100.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1BThe lengths (i.e., path lengths) of the first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160 can be equal, and the ratio of the circumference of the ring formed by the first resonant line 130 to the length of the first coupling line 120 can be between 2.2 and 20. Furthermore, the ratio can be between 4 and 10, where the length of the conductor and the circumference of the ring mentioned in this disclosure refer to their center length and the circumference of the central ring, respectively. This facilitates a balance between signal coupling and layout design flexibility. In the first embodiment, the circumference of the ring formed by the first resonant line 130 is approximately 5778 μm, and the length of the first coupling line 120 is approximately 1174 μm, therefore the ratio is approximately 4.92.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 1A to 1C Specifically, the resonator 100 further includes a second resonant line 150, which forms a ring and is located on the conductive layer 103 of the circuit board 108. A first coupling line 120 and a second coupling line 160 are parallel to the third coupling portion 151 and the fourth coupling portion 152 of the second resonant line 150, respectively. The first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160 couple to the second resonant line 150 and are positioned opposite each other on the outside of the second resonant line 150. Thus, the resonator 100 serves as a multi-frequency resonator, including a first resonant line 130 and a second resonant line 150 whose resonant frequencies do not interfere with each other. This not only improves the flexibility of resonant frequency selection but also effectively avoids repeated manufacturing due to desired resonant frequency deviations. Furthermore, simultaneous verification of each resonant frequency can shorten product development time and reduce the risk of mass production delays. Furthermore, each of the first feed line 110 and the second feed line 170 is specifically a microstrip line, and each of the first coupling line 120, the second coupling line 160, the first resonant line 130, and the second resonant line 150 is specifically a stripline. It should be understood that the types of transmission lines for the first feed line, the second feed line, the first coupling line, the second coupling line, the first resonant line, and the second resonant line of the resonator according to this disclosure are not limited to the first and second embodiments.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1BThe first coupling line 120 extends from the first feed point 119 in two directions with equal length, and the second coupling line 160 extends from the second feed point 179 in two directions with equal length, that is, each of the first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160 forms a coupling arm or feed arm structure. Furthermore, the resonator 100 is specifically symmetrical about each of the transverse line p1 (which can also be described as a transverse plane) and the virtual longitudinal line q1 (which can also be described as a longitudinal plane), and the transverse line p1 and the longitudinal line q1 are perpendicular to each other. The width of the first resonant line 130 and the width of the second resonant line 150 are equal, the first spacing g1 between the first coupling line 120 and the first coupling portion 131 and the second spacing g2 between the first coupling line 120 and the third coupling portion 151 are equal, and the ratio of the width w1 of the first coupling line 120 to the first spacing g1 can be between 0.5 and 1.35. Furthermore, the ratio can be between 0.75 and 1.2. Therefore, the first resonant line 130 and the second resonant line 150 are respectively disposed on the outer and inner sides of the first coupling line 120 and the second coupling line 160. The size and structure of the first resonant line 130 and the second resonant line 150 are not mutually restricted, so they can be independently fine-tuned, resulting in high selectivity of the resonant frequency. In the first embodiment, both the first resonant line 130 and the second resonant line 150 are circular. The width of the first resonant line 130 and the width of the second resonant line 150 are both 140 μm. The width w1 of the first coupling line 120 and the first spacing g1 are both 70 μm, so their ratio is 1.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 1A to 1CA grounding via 185 (specifically, it can be a grounding cylinder, but not limited to the grounding method of the grounding cylinder) connected to the grounding plane is disposed inside the second resonant line 150 inside the first resonant line 130. Multiple grounding vias (not shown in the figure) can also be disposed around the resonator 100, and the resonator 100 further includes an impedance matching unit. Specifically, the characteristic impedance of both the first feed line 110 and the second feed line 170 is 50 ohms. The widths of conductors 113 and 114 are different from those of the first feed line 110, forming an impedance matching unit. The first feed line 110, conductors 113 and 114, and the first signal via 115 are arranged and connected in sequence. The widths of conductors 173 and 174 are different from those of the second feed line 170, forming another impedance matching unit. The second feed line 170, conductors 173 and 174, and the second signal via 175 are arranged and connected in sequence. Therefore, the grounding cylinder at the center of the resonator 100 allows the surrounding area of ​​the resonator 100 layout traces to maintain system grounding. Furthermore, the configuration of two impedance matching units with the first feed line 110 and the second feed line 170 respectively facilitates achieving S11 and S22 parameters of the resonator 100 at each resonant frequency that are all less than -10dB, thereby effectively and accurately confirming the dielectric constant of the circuit board 108 near the resonant frequency (designed according to the operating frequency of the RF product). In the first embodiment, the radius of the grounding via 185 is 300µm, the width of the first feed line 110 and the width of the second feed line 170 are both 120µm, the width of conductors 113 and 173 are both 40µm and the length is both 250µm, and the width of conductors 114 and 174 are both 240µm and the length is both 500µm. Furthermore, it should be understood that the first feed line and the second feed line according to the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to being connected to the edge of the circuit board, the impedance matching unit may be connected to the preamp or amp of one of the first feed line and the second feed line, and the impedance matching unit may be a wire, pattern or chip element on the circuit board.

[0059] Figure 1D Draw Figure 1A The S-parameter schematic diagram of the resonator 100 shows that the first and second measuring ends for measuring the S-parameters in the diagram can be respectively set at the positions of the first feed line 110 and the second feed line 170 at the edge of the circuit board 108. Figure 1E Draw Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the surface current density of the resonator 100, in which... Figure 1E The structural edge lines of the resonator 100 are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to represent the magnitude of the surface current density. Please refer to... Figure 1B , Figure 1D and Figure 1EThe resonator 100 specifically has at least three resonant frequencies. The first resonant frequency is generated when the annular circumference formed by the first resonant line 130 (specifically 5778 μm) is approximately equal to one (one) effective wavelength of the first resonant frequency 26.90 GHz, and as... Figure 1E The current distribution shown in (a) is concentrated on the first resonant line 130. The second resonant frequency is generated when the annular circumference formed by the second resonant line 150 (specifically 3581 μm) is approximately equal to one effective wavelength of the second resonant frequency of 44.40 GHz, and as... Figure 1E (b) The current distribution shown is concentrated at the second resonant line 150. The third resonant frequency is generated when the circumference of the ring formed by the first resonant line 130 is approximately equal to two (twice) the effective wavelengths of the third resonant frequency of 55.10 GHz, and as... Figure 1E (c) shows that the current distribution is concentrated on the first resonant line 130. Furthermore, the S11 and S22 parameters of the resonator 100 at each resonant frequency are all less than -10dB, which can form a multi-resonant frequency effect, thus achieving high frequency selectivity. In particular, the resonator 100 is suitable for product development and verification in the frequency bands that are currently widely used in 5G, such as the FR2-1 band (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz).

[0060] Figure 1F Draw Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the operating parameters of the resonator 100. Figure 1G Draw Figure 1A Another schematic diagram of the operating parameters of the resonator 100. Please refer to... Figure 1F and Figure 1G The simulated values ​​in the figure represent the simulated S11 parameters obtained by constructing the structure of the resonator 100 based on the claimed dielectric constant value shown in the datasheet of circuit board 108. The measured values ​​in the figure represent the measured S11 parameters of the resonator 100 actually manufactured using circuit board 108. It should be understood that the dielectric constant of circuit board 108 is frequency-dependent (varies with frequency). Figure 1F It can be seen that when the simulated value of parameter S11 (corresponding to the claimed value of the dielectric constant of circuit board 108) exhibits a resonant frequency of 27.10 GHz, while the measured value of parameter S11 (corresponding to the actual value of the dielectric constant of circuit board 108) shows a resonant frequency that is significantly different from 27.10 GHz, it indicates that the actual value of the dielectric constant of circuit board 108 near 27.10 GHz is significantly inconsistent with the claimed value. Figure 1G It can be seen that when the simulated value of parameter S11 shows a resonant frequency of 45.20 GHz, while the measured value of parameter S11 shows a resonant frequency that is significantly different from 45.20 GHz, it indicates that the actual value of the dielectric constant of circuit board 108 near 45.20 GHz is significantly different from the claimed value.

[0061] Figure 1H Draw Figure 1A Please refer to the schematic diagram of the operating parameters of the resonator 100. Figure 1H The measured values ​​in the figure represent the measured values ​​of the S11 parameter of the resonator 100 actually manufactured by circuit board 108. The first simulated value in the figure represents the simulated value of the S11 parameter obtained by simulating the claimed value of the dielectric constant shown in the datasheet of circuit board 108. The resonant frequency of the first simulated value differs from that of the measured value, indicating that the actual value of the dielectric constant of circuit board 108 does not match the claimed value. Furthermore, the dielectric constant is finely adjusted (i.e., decreased and / or increased) based on the claimed value to obtain the second to seventh simulated values ​​of the S11 parameter. The curve that is closest to the measured value among the first to seventh simulated values ​​is selected, which is the curve of the first and second simulated values. Therefore, it can be deduced that the actual value of the dielectric constant of circuit board 108 is between the dielectric constants used in the first and second simulated values.

[0062] Figure 2A A perspective view of the resonator 200 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 2B Draw Figure 2A Top view of the signal lines of the resonator 200. Figure 2C Drawing along Figure 2B The cross-sectional view is shown with the transverse line p2 as the section line, clearly showing the structure of the resonator 200. Figure 2A The signal lines located on the inner conductive layer of circuit board 208 are shown as solid lines. Please refer to... Figures 2A to 2C According to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit element is specifically a resonator 200. The resonator 200 is disposed on a circuit board 208 and includes a first coupling line 220, a second coupling line 260, a first resonant line 230, 235 and at least one ground plane (e.g., at least ground planes 201g, 205g). The circuit board 208 specifically includes conductive layers 201, 202, 203, 204 and 205 in sequence.

[0063] The first coupling line 220 connects to the first feed point 219, and the second coupling line 260 connects to the second feed point 279. There are a total of two first resonant lines 230 and 235, arranged in a ring. The first coupling line 220, the second coupling line 260, and the first resonant lines 230 and 235 are all located on the conductive layer 203 of the circuit board 208. The first coupling line 220 is parallel to the first coupling portions 231 and 236 of the first resonant lines 230 and 235, respectively. The second coupling line 260 is parallel to the second coupling portions 232 and 237 of the first resonant lines 230 and 235, respectively. Both the first coupling line 220 and the second coupling line 260 are coupled to each of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 and are positioned relative to each other inside the first resonant lines 230 and 235. Grounding planes 201g, 202g, 203g, 204g, and 205g are located on conductive layers 201, 202, 203, 204, and 205, respectively, and are interconnected through multiple grounding vias 209 and 285 to maintain system grounding. Grounding planes 201g and 205g serve as reference grounds for the first coupling line 220, the second coupling line 260, the first resonant lines 230 and 235, and other parts of the resonator 200. Thus, the first resonant lines 230 and 235 in the resonator 200 are divided into two rings without affecting their resonant characteristics.

[0064] In detail, the resonator 200 specifically includes a first feed line 210 and a second feed line 270. The first feed point 219 is connected between the first feed line 210 and the first coupling line 220, and the second feed point 279 is connected between the second feed line 270 and the second coupling line 260. Both the first feed line 210 and the second feed line 270 are set along the virtual horizontal line p2.

[0065] Both the first feed line 210 and the second feed line 270 are located in the conductive layer 203, and the first resonant lines 230 and 235 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first feed line 210 and the second feed line 270. Furthermore, the endpoint 233 of the first resonant line 230 is coupled to the first coupling line 220 and the endpoint 234 is coupled to the second coupling line 260; the endpoint 238 of the first resonant line 235 is coupled to the first coupling line 220 and the endpoint 239 is coupled to the second coupling line 260.

[0066] The ratio of the total length of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 to the resonant frequency of the resonator 200 to the effective wavelength of the circuit board 208 can be between 0.9 and 1.1 (or, the ratio can be between 0.9 and 0.99). Furthermore, the minimum spacing g3 (40µm) between each of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 and the first feed line 210 is less than the first spacing g1 (80µm) between the first coupling line 220 and each of the first coupling portions 231 and 236. Moreover, the minimum spacing g3 is less than 0.5 times the first spacing g1. Therefore, existing resonators often design their resonant frequencies based on their inductive and capacitive effects, resulting in a narrow frequency selection range. Moreover, due to the interlocking structure, this not only leads to cumbersome design but also restricts the size of the resonant lines and the configuration of the feed lines. In contrast, the resonator 200 according to this disclosure offers better frequency selection and structural design flexibility. In the second embodiment, the lengths of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 are equal and their sum of 6840um is approximately 0.95 compared to the ratio of one of the resonant frequencies of the resonator 200 (22.50GHz) to the effective wavelength of the circuit board 208 (7180um).

[0067] Please refer to Figure 2B In the second embodiment, the lengths of the first coupling line 220 and the second coupling line 260 are equal and both are 860um. The characteristic impedances of the first feed line 210 and the second feed line 270 are both 50 ohms. The widths of the first feed line 210 and the second feed line 270 are both 140um. The total length of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 is 6840um. The minimum spacing g3 is 40um. Therefore, the circumference of the ring formed by the arrangement of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 is approximately 7180um, and the ratio of the circumference of the ring formed by the arrangement of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 to the length of the first coupling line 220 is approximately 8.35.

[0068] Please refer to Figures 2A to 2CThe resonator 200 specifically includes a second resonant line 250, which forms a ring and is located on the conductive layer 203 of the circuit board 208. The first coupling line 220 and the second coupling line 260 are parallel to the third coupling portion 251 and the fourth coupling portion 252 of the second resonant line 250, respectively. The first coupling line 220 and the second coupling line 260 couple to the second resonant line 250 and are disposed opposite to each other on the outer side of the second resonant line 250. The plurality of grounding vias 285 connected to the ground planes 201g, 202g, 203g, 204g, and 205g are specifically disposed on the inner side of the second resonant line 250 inside the first resonant lines 230 and 235. Furthermore, each of the first feed line 210, the second feed line 270, the first coupling line 220, the second coupling line 260, the first resonant lines 230 and 235, and the second resonant line 250 is specifically a strip line. In other embodiments of this disclosure (not shown in the figures), the number of second resonant lines of the circuit element or specifically the resonator may be two, the two second resonant lines are arranged in a ring, and one end of each of the two second resonant lines is coupled to a first coupling line and the other end is coupled to a second coupling line.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 2B The first coupling line 220 extends from the first feed point 219 in two directions with equal length, and the second coupling line 260 extends from the second feed point 279 in two directions with equal length. That is, each of the first coupling line 220 and the second coupling line 260 forms a coupling arm or a feed arm structure. Furthermore, the resonator 200 is specifically symmetrical about each of the transverse line p2 and the virtual longitudinal line q2, with the transverse line p2 and the longitudinal line q2 perpendicular to each other. In the second embodiment, the widths of the first resonant lines 230 and 235 and the second resonant line 250 are both 140 μm, the width w1 of the first coupling line 220 is 70 μm, the first spacing g1 between the first coupling line 220 and the first coupling portions 231 and 236 and the second spacing g2 between the first coupling line 220 and the third coupling portion 251 are both 80 μm, and the ratio of the width w1 of the first coupling line 220 to the first spacing g1 is 0.875.

[0070] Figure 2D Draw Figure 2A Please refer to the schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the resonator 200. Figure 2B and Figure 2DThe resonator 200 specifically has at least five resonant frequencies. A first resonant frequency is generated when the circumference of the ring formed by the first resonant lines 230 and 235 (specifically 7180 μm) is approximately equal to one effective wavelength of the first resonant frequency of 22.50 GHz. A second resonant frequency is generated when the circumference of the ring formed by the second resonant line 250 (specifically 4309 μm) is approximately equal to one effective wavelength of the second resonant frequency of 37.50 GHz. A third resonant frequency is generated when the circumference of the ring formed by the first resonant lines 230 and 235 is approximately equal to two effective wavelengths of the third resonant frequency of 45.10 GHz. A fourth resonant frequency is generated when the circumference of the ring formed by the first resonant lines 230 and 235 is approximately equal to three effective wavelengths of the fourth resonant frequency of 67.70 GHz. A fifth resonant frequency is generated when the circumference of the ring formed by the second resonant line 250 is approximately equal to two effective wavelengths of the fifth resonant frequency of 73.10 GHz. Accordingly, the resonant frequencies of the first resonant lines 230, 235 and the second resonant line 250 of the resonator 200 according to this disclosure and their coupling relationship with the first feed line 210 and the second feed line 270 will not restrict each other, further expanding the frequency range for verifying the characteristics of the circuit board 208.

[0071] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A resonator, characterized in that, It is disposed on a circuit board and includes: A first coupling line connects to a first feed point; A second coupling line connects to a second feed point; At least one first resonant line forms a ring, wherein the first coupling line, the second coupling line and the at least one first resonant line are all located in a conductive layer of the circuit board, the first coupling line and the second coupling line are respectively parallel to a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion of the at least one first resonant line, and the first coupling line and the second coupling line couple to the at least one first resonant line and are disposed inside the at least one first resonant line. At least one second resonant line forms a ring and is located in the conductive layer of the circuit board, wherein the first coupling line and the second coupling line are respectively parallel to a third coupling portion and a fourth coupling portion of the at least one second resonant line, and the first coupling line and the second coupling line are coupled to the at least one second resonant line and disposed on the outside of the at least one second resonant line. as well as At least one ground plane is located on another conductive layer of the circuit board, wherein the at least one ground plane is a reference ground for the first coupling line, the second coupling line, the at least one first resonant line and the at least one second resonant line.

2. The resonator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: A first feed line, wherein the first feed point is connected between the first feed line and the first coupling line; and A second feed line, wherein the second feed point is connected between the second feed line and the second coupling line; Both the first feed line and the second feed line are set along a virtual horizontal line.

3. The resonator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first feed line and the second feed line are both located on another conductive layer of the circuit board. The first feed line, a first signal via, the first feed point and the first coupling line are arranged and connected in sequence. The second feed line, a second signal via, the second feed point and the second coupling line are arranged and connected in sequence. The lengths of the first coupling line and the second coupling line are equal, and the ratio of the circumference of the ring formed by the at least one first resonance line to the length of the first coupling line is between 2.2 and 20.

4. The resonator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The number of at least one first resonance line is two, the two first resonance lines are arranged in a ring, and each of the first coupling line and the second coupling line couples the two first resonance lines; The first feed line and the second feed line are both located in the conductive layer, and the two first resonant lines are respectively disposed on both sides of the first feed line and the second feed line.

5. The resonator as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The sum of the lengths of the two first resonant lines is between 0.9 and 1.1, and the ratio of the resonant frequency of the resonator to the effective wavelength of the circuit board is between 0.9 and 1.

1. Furthermore, the minimum spacing between each of the first resonant lines and the first feed line is less than the first spacing between the first coupling line and each of the first coupling portions.

6. The resonator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, At least one grounding via is disposed inside the at least one first resonant line, and the resonator further includes: At least one impedance matching unit is connected to at least one of the first feed line and the second feed line.

7. The resonator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The resonator is symmetrical about the horizontal line and the virtual vertical line, which are perpendicular to each other. Wherein, the width of the at least one first resonant line and the width of the at least one second resonant line are equal, the first spacing between the first coupling line and the first coupling portion and the second spacing between the first coupling line and the third coupling portion are equal, and the ratio of the width of the first coupling line to the first spacing is between 0.5 and 1.

35.

8. A circuit element, characterized in that, It is disposed on a circuit board and includes: A first coupling line extends of equal length from a first feed point in two directions; A second coupling line extends at equal length in two directions from a second feed point; At least one first resonant line forms a ring, wherein the first coupling line, the second coupling line and the at least one first resonant line are all located in a conductive layer of the circuit board, the first coupling line and the second coupling line are respectively parallel to a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion of the at least one first resonant line, and the first coupling line and the second coupling line are coupled to the at least one first resonant line and are disposed opposite to each other on the inner side of the at least one first resonant line; At least one second resonant line forms a ring and is located in the conductive layer of the circuit board, wherein the first coupling line and the second coupling line are respectively parallel to a third coupling portion and a fourth coupling portion of the at least one second resonant line, and the first coupling line and the second coupling line are coupled to the at least one second resonant line and are disposed opposite to each other on the outside of the at least one second resonant line. as well as At least one ground plane is located on another conductive layer of the circuit board, wherein the at least one ground plane is a reference ground for the first coupling line, the second coupling line, the at least one first resonant line and the at least one second resonant line.

9. The circuit element as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The number of at least one first resonance line or at least one second resonance line is two; Wherein, when the number of the at least one first resonance line is two, the two first resonance lines are arranged in a ring, and one end of each of the two first resonance lines is coupled to the first coupling line and the other end is coupled to the second coupling line; When there are two second resonance lines, the two second resonance lines are arranged in a ring, and one end of each of the two second resonance lines is coupled to the first coupling line and the other end is coupled to the second coupling line.

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