Leveraging MUSIM's enhanced service continuity

Abstract

An apparatus and method for performing the following: receiving, by a user equipment of a first mobile network, an indication of proximity coverage limitation from a network node of the first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network, the coverage limitation being for a coverage area associated with a link between the first public terrestrial mobile network and the user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network; and performing proactive preparation based on the receipt, the proactive preparation being for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to enable proactive preparation to switch to a second mobile network in more than one mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area. Furthermore, a proximity coverage limitation is determined by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of the communication network. This coverage limitation is for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and the user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to a network node associated with the first public land mobile network; and based on the determination, information is sent to the user equipment including an instruction to perform proactive preparation, which is used to enable a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to perform proactive preparation for switching to a second mobile network in more than one mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The teachings of exemplary embodiments of the present invention generally relate to enhanced service continuity operations, and more specifically, to enhanced service continuity operations utilizing a multi-universal subscriber identification module. Background Technology

[0002] This section is intended to provide background or context for the invention as set forth in the claims. The description herein may include concepts that may be pursued, but not necessarily concepts that were previously conceived or pursued. Therefore, unless otherwise stated herein, the content described in this section is not prior art to the specification and claims of this application, and is not acknowledged as prior art by virtue of its inclusion in this section.

[0003] Certain abbreviations that may be found in the instruction manual and / or accompanying drawings are hereby defined as follows:

[0004] 3GPP: Third Generation Partnership Project

[0005] AMF: Access and Mobility Management Function

[0006] DSDA: Dual SIM Dual Active

[0007] DSDS: Dual SIM Dual Standby

[0008] eSIM: Electronic Subscriber Identity Module

[0009] HPLMN: Belongs to PLMN

[0010] IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identification

[0011] LTE: Long Term Evolution

[0012] MUMA: More USIMs, More Active Users

[0013] MUMS: More USIMs, More Stays

[0014] MUSIM: Multi-Use Subscriber Identification Module

[0015] NR: New Radio

[0016] PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network

[0017] RAN: Radio Access Network

[0018] RAT: Radio Access Technology

[0019] RLF radio link failure

[0020] RLM radio link monitoring

[0021] RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0022] RRM: Radio Resource Management

[0023] SEP Standard Essential Patents

[0024] SIM: Subscriber Identification Module

[0025] SUPI: Subscription Permanent Identifier

[0026] UC: Centralized Unit

[0027] UE: User Equipment

[0028] USIM: Universal Subscriber Identification Module

[0029] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication capabilities to devices, including user equipment and other network devices that communicate with each other using multiple access systems. Examples of such multiple access systems include 4G systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) type systems) and 5G systems, which may be called New Radio (NR) systems. Wireless multiple access communication systems may include multiple base stations or network access nodes to support these communication devices and systems.

[0030] In some cases, communication equipment (such as a UE) may include more than one Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) or Multiple Universal Subscriber Identity Module (MUSIM), where the USIM provides various functions to perform operations for authenticating and accessing network equipment (such as these base stations and / or network access nodes). These operations include identifying and authenticating the user's subscription, generating security keys, and so on for access.

[0031] Depending on the synchronous RRC_states supported on the USIM, it typically refers to two main types of MUSIM devices:

[0032] ● Dual SIM Dual Standby (DSDS) or Multiple USIM Multiple Standby (MUMS): A MUSIM device that can register using two or more independent subscriber IDs (USIMs) and can be in RRC_IDLE mode on all USIMs. However, it can only be in RRC_CONNECTED mode using a single USIM at a given time; and

[0033] ● Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA) or Multiple USIM Multi-Active (MUMA): A MUSIM device that can be registered using two or more independent subscriber IDs (USIMs) and can be in RRC_IDLE mode on all USIMs. The device can also remain active in RRC_CONNECTED mode on all USIMs.

[0034] Furthermore, the UE's behavior regarding processing multiple USIMs simultaneously can depend on the UE's capabilities, as listed below:

[0035] ● Single Rx / Single Tx:A UE can only receive services from one network and / or send services to one network at a time.

[0036] Network transmission service (Type 1);

[0037] ● Dual Rx / Single Tx: The UE can receive services from two networks simultaneously, but can only send to one network at a time (Type 2); and

[0038] ● Dual Rx / Dual Tx: The UE is capable of simultaneously receiving and / or transmitting to / from two networks (Type 3).

[0039] In addition, when the UE experiences a network failure, it will follow one of the following two options:

[0040] 1) The connection is lost, and it will begin scanning the spectrum to identify potential alternative networks to serve the UE. Once such alternatives are identified, it will initiate a registration process to the new network(s). This process is continuous, and for each identified network, it takes several seconds for each attempt. In the case of roaming, the entire registration process varies based on the UE configuration from the Home PLNM (HPLMN), as the latter can configure the order of UE registration attempts based on the roaming protocol and error handling timers; or

[0041] 2) Performing inter-operator handover. Current standardized solutions support inter-operator HO (Hogging) handover, which requires deploying N14 interfaces between operators. This necessitates a protocol between them, as it exposes their network topology.

[0042] As mentioned above regarding service continuity, V2X UEs may experience service interruptions when accessing services, such as at cross-border locations, because they encounter temporary network failures in situations where handover between operators is not supported.

[0043] The exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are intended to at least address these issues and improve the associated operations related to the use of multiple USIMs by network nodes (such as base stations) to network devices (such as user equipment). Summary of the Invention

[0044] In one example aspect of the invention, there is an apparatus, such as a user equipment side apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, together with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to at least: receive, by the user equipment, an indication of proximity coverage limitation from a network node of a communication network, the coverage limitation being for a coverage area associated with a link between a first mobile network and the user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network; and based on the receipt, perform proactive preparation for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to enable proactive preparation to switch to a second mobile network of more than one mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area.

[0045] In another example aspect of the invention, there is a method comprising: receiving, by a user equipment of a first public land mobile network, an indication of approach coverage limitation from a network node of a communication network, the coverage limitation being for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and the user equipment in more than one mobile network of the communication network, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network; and performing proactive preparation based on the receipt, the proactive preparation being for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to enable proactive preparation such that, based on the approach coverage limitation of the coverage area, in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, switch to a second mobile network in more than one mobile network.

[0046] Another example embodiment is a method and apparatus, including the method and apparatus described in the preceding paragraph, wherein the preparation is based on an instruction from a network node that a user equipment is moving out of a coverage area, wherein the proactive preparation includes: performing early measurements based on information associated with radio conditions of the communication network, wherein the information is associated with fault knowledge from a database of cells collected by the network node, wherein the information includes: an instruction for at least one condition to be met before establishing an additional connection to another mobile network in more than one mobile network, wherein the at least one condition is based on at least one of: timer expiration, the precise location of the user equipment, or radio resource management measurements, wherein the information includes auxiliary information related to more than one suitable mobile network for the additional connection, and wherein the auxiliary information includes the identifier of another mobile network in more than one mobile network, wherein the auxiliary information is instructing the user equipment to switch to another mobile network based on an inter-operator agreement of the communication network, wherein the proactive preparation is performed based on: the radio conditions of a cell in one of more than one mobile networks to which the first subscriber identification module is connected approaching the coverage limits of the coverage area, wherein the user equipment is connected to the first mobile network, wherein a second subscriber identification module of the user equipment is caused to perform the proactive preparation. Active preparation, which is used for switching to another mobile network in which the user equipment is also subscribed to more than one mobile network, wherein a first subscriber identification module is registered in the first mobile network of the communication network and a second subscriber identification module is one of the following: residing in the mobile network or in roaming mode, wherein the active preparation includes: based on radio conditions, using the first subscriber identification module to identify that switching to another mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred, wherein based on the identification, in response to determining a service continuity identifier for at least one application at the user equipment, the second subscriber identification module in the multiple subscriber identification modules identifies... Identification: Whether different mobile networks in more than one mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module are suitable for conversion to it, wherein the determination is based on at least one of the following: fault knowledge, network node failure, network management information, or country change, wherein the indication for performing proactive preparation is based on at least one of the following: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of network nodes, wherein the indication is based on at least one of the following: radio resource management or radio link monitoring measurements, and wherein a request message and report are transmitted by the user equipment, the request message and report being associated with the conversion performed by the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment based on proactive preparation.

[0047] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing program code that is executed by at least one processor to perform at least the methods described in the preceding paragraphs.

[0048] In another example aspect of the invention, there is an apparatus comprising: a component for receiving, by a user equipment of a first mobile network, an indication of proximity coverage limitation from a network node of the first mobile network in more than one public terrestrial mobile network of a communication network, the coverage limitation being for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and the user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network; and performing proactive preparation based on the receipt, the proactive preparation being for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to enable proactive preparation such that, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area, in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, a switch to a second mobile network in more than one public terrestrial mobile network.

[0049] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraph, at least the components for receiving and executing include a network interface and computer program code stored on a computer-readable medium and executed by at least one processor.

[0050] In one exemplary aspect of the invention, an apparatus, such as a network-side apparatus, is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, together with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to at least: determine proximity coverage limits by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network, the coverage limits being for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network; and based on the determination, send information to the user equipment, the information including an instruction to perform proactive preparation, the proactive preparation being for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to enable preparation such that, based on the proximity coverage limits of the coverage area, in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, the second subscriber identification module switches to a second mobile network in more than one mobile network.

[0051] In another example aspect of the invention, there is a method comprising: determining a proximity coverage limitation by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network, the coverage limitation being for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network; and, based on the determination, sending to the user equipment information including an instruction to perform proactive preparation, the proactive preparation being for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to enable proactive preparation such that, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area, in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first public terrestrial mobile network, the second subscriber identification module switches to a second mobile network in more than one public terrestrial mobile network.

[0052] Another example embodiment is a method and apparatus, including the apparatus and method described in the preceding paragraph, wherein at least one of a first mobile network or a second mobile network includes a public land mobile network, wherein the determination is based on a network node determining that a user equipment is moving out of a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and the user equipment, wherein proactive preparation includes: performing early measurements based on information including radio channel conditions associated with at least one of the first mobile network or another mobile network of the communication network, wherein the information is based on information associated with fault knowledge in a database of cells collected by the network node, wherein a first subscriber identification module is registered in the first mobile network of the communication network and a second subscriber identification module is one of: residing in the mobile network or in roaming mode, wherein proactive preparation includes: identifying, based on radio conditions, using the first subscriber identification module, that switching to another mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred, wherein based on the identification, in response to determining the service continuity of at least one application at the user equipment, the second subscriber identification module among multiple subscriber identification modules identifies whether a different mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module is suitable for switching to it, wherein the indication for performing proactive preparation is based on: the first subscriber identification module. The second subscriber identification module of the user equipment (UE) is connected to a first mobile network in more than one mobile network where radio conditions are close to the coverage limit of the coverage area. The UE is connected to the first mobile network, and the second subscriber identification module of the UE is prepared to switch to another mobile network in more than one mobile network to which the UE is also subscribed. This information includes an indication of at least one condition to be met before establishing an additional connection to the other mobile network, wherein the at least one condition is based on at least one of the following: timer expiration, UE's accurate or abstract location, or radio resource management measurement. This information includes auxiliary information related to a suitable cell for switching to the other mobile network, and the auxiliary information includes the identifier of the other mobile network in more than one mobile network. The auxiliary information is instructing the UE to use one of the suitable cells to switch to the other mobile network based on an inter-operator agreement of the communication network. The indication for performing proactive preparation is based on at least one of the following: abstract or accurate location knowledge of the network node. The UE receives a request message and report from the UE, which is associated with the switch to the other mobile network by the second subscriber identification module based on proactive preparation.

[0053] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing program code that is executed by at least one processor to perform at least the methods described in the preceding paragraphs.

[0054] In another example aspect of the invention, there is an apparatus comprising: means for determining proximity coverage limits by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network, the coverage limits being for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to the first mobile network; and means for sending information to the user equipment based on the determination, the information including an instruction to perform proactive preparation, the proactive preparation being for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to switch to another mobile network in more than one mobile network based on proximity coverage limits of the coverage area in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network.

[0055] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraph, at least the components used for determining and transmitting include a network interface and computer program code stored on a computer-readable medium and executed by at least one processor.

[0056] A communication system includes a network-side device and a user equipment-side device for performing the above operations. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The above and other aspects, features, and benefits of various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference numerals are used to designate similar or equivalent elements. The drawings are shown to facilitate a better understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0058] Figure 1 The diagram shows the DSDA UE switching operator for a scenario with partial overlapping coverage in scenario 1 and a scenario with overlapping coverage in two different PLMNs in scenario 2.

[0059] Figure 2 A high-level block diagram of various devices for carrying out various aspects of the present invention is shown;

[0060] Figure 3 The message exchange according to an example embodiment of the present invention is shown, which allows DSDA UEs to be redirected from PLMN1 to PLMN2 once a network failure is predicted, without the need for an agreement between operators;

[0061] Figure 4 The message exchange according to an example embodiment of the present invention is shown for redirecting the DSDA UE from PLMN1 to PLMN2 in accordance with an agreement between operators once a network failure is predicted;

[0062] Figure 5 A table showing an example of an RRC release request with a reporting message according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6A and Figure 6B Each illustrates a method that can be performed by an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0064] In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, at least one method and apparatus are proposed for performing enhanced service continuity operations of network devices using a multi-purpose subscriber identification module.

[0065] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be viewed in the context of supporting multiple USIM devices primarily in 5G NR and LTE.

[0066] In many cases, inter-operator handover is not supported, causing service interruptions and degrading the user experience. In the case of a vehicle-mounted UE, this can lead to serious safety issues (e.g., the user / vehicle is unaware of a dangerous situation).

[0067] It should be noted that, utilizing multi-SIM technology, dual-SIM UEs can facilitate a reduction in service interruption time in the aforementioned scenarios without requiring inter-operator handover deployment. However, MUSIM devices are primarily used to provide users with two independent subscriptions and operate as two independent UEs, corresponding to each USIM facing the same or different PLMNs (depending on the USIM's MNO). Therefore, the challenge of service interruption is the same for each UE's subscription, regardless of whether other USIMs with potentially different / better NW coverage exist in the same device. Consequently, service interruption latency still poses a significant challenge in providing low-latency services.

[0068] However, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, one solution includes instructing the serving network to switch the dual USIM UE to another network (the network of the second USIM card) (if it is available) once a network failure is anticipated by the network, in order to reduce such service interruption latency. This type of failure knowledge may come from a database that may be stored in the network and may be used to trigger proactive preparations based on previous history.

[0069] Example embodiments of the present invention may use a DSDA device with dual Rx / dual Tx capabilities. It should be noted that in this application, the term UE will refer to a UE configured with a DSDA device having dual Rx / dual Tx capabilities.

[0070] Before describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in detail, refer to Figure 2Simplified block diagrams are shown to illustrate various electronic devices suitable for practicing exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 2 A block diagram of a possible, non-limiting exemplary system in which an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be practiced is shown. Figure 2 In the middle, User Equipment (UE) 10 and such Figure 2 Wireless network 1 or wireless communication within network 1. For example... Figure 2 The wireless network 1 or network 1 in the document may include a communication network (such as a mobile network), for example, mobile network 1 or a first mobile network as disclosed herein. This document refers to... Figure 2 Any reference to Wireless Network 1 in this document can be considered a reference to any wireless network disclosed herein. Furthermore, as... Figure 2 The wireless network 1 may also include hard-wired features that may be required by the communication network. The UE is wireless and is typically a mobile device that can access the wireless network. The UE may be, for example, a mobile phone (or "cellular") and / or a computer with mobile terminal capabilities. For example, the UE or mobile terminal may also be a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile device that performs voice signaling and / or data exchange with the RAN.

[0072] UE 10 includes one or more processors DP 10A, one or more memories MEM 10B, and one or more transceivers TRANS 10D interconnected via one or more buses. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS 10D includes a receiver and a transmitter. Furthermore, each transceiver 10D is associated with a subscriber identification module 10E. A subscriber identification module 10D may be associated with two or more subscriber identification modules SIM 10E, each SIM as follows: Figure 2 The illustration shows an example embodiment configured to perform the invention as disclosed herein. One or more buses may be address, data, or control buses and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber optic cable, or other optical communication device. One or more transceivers TRANS 10D may optionally be connected to one or more antennas for corresponding communication 11 and 18 with NN 12 and NN 13. One or more memories MEM 10B include computer program code PROG 10C. UE 10 communicates with NN 12 and / or NN 13 via wireless link 11.

[0073] NN 12 (NR / 5G Node B, evolved NB or LTE equipment) is a network node, such as a primary or secondary node base station (e.g., for NR or LTE Long Term Evolution), which is related to... Figure 2The NN 12 provides access for wireless devices (such as UE 10) to wireless network 1. The NN 12 includes one or more processors DP 12A, one or more memories MEM 12C, and one or more transceivers TRANS 12D interconnected via one or more buses. According to an example embodiment, these TRANS 12Ds may include X2 and / or Xn interfaces for performing example embodiments of the invention. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS 12Ds includes a receiver and a transmitter. The one or more transceivers TRANS 12Ds may optionally be connected to one or more antennas for communicating with UE 10 at least via link 11. One or more memories MEM 12B and computer program code PROG 12C are configured to perform one or more of the operations described herein together with the one or more processors DP 12A and NN 12. The NN 12 may communicate with another gNB or eNB, or a device such as NN 13, such as via link 14. Furthermore, Link 11, Link 14, and / or any other link can be wired, wireless, or both, and can be implemented, for example, via X2 or Xn interfaces. Additionally, Link 11 and / or Link 14 can be connected via other network devices, such as, but not limited to, NCE / SGW / AMF / UPF devices, such as... Figure 2 The NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMM / SMF 14. NN 12 can perform the functions of MME (Mobility Management Entity) or SGW (Serving Gateway), such as user plane functions and / or access management functions for LTE and similar functions for 5G.

[0074] NN 13 may be associated with a mobile function device (such as AMF or SMF). Furthermore, NN 13 may include an NR / 5G node B or a possible evolved NB base station, such as a primary or secondary node base station (e.g., for NR or LTE Long Term Evolution) communicating with devices (such as NN 12 and / or UE 10 and / or Radio Network 1). NN 13 includes one or more processors DP 13A, one or more memories MEM 13B, one or more network interfaces, and one or more transceivers TRANS 12D interconnected via one or more buses. According to an example embodiment, these network interfaces of NN 13 may include X2 and / or Xn interfaces for performing example embodiments of the invention. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS 13D includes a receiver and a transmitter that may optionally be connected to one or more antennas. The one or more memories MEM 13B include computer program code PROG 13C. For example, the one or more memories MEM 13B and computer program code PROG 13C are configured, together with the one or more processors DP 13A, to cause NN 13 to perform one or more of the operations described herein. NN 13 can communicate with another mobile function device and / or eNB (such as NN 12 and UE 10 or any other device) using, for example, link 11 or another link. Figure 2 Link 14 shown can be used for communication between NN12 and NN13. These links can be wired, wireless, or both, and can implement, for example, X2 or Xn interfaces. Furthermore, as mentioned above, links 11 and / or 14 can be connected via other network devices, such as, but not limited to, NCE / MME / SGW devices, such as... Figure 2 NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AM M / SMF 14.

[0075] Figure 2 One or more buses of the device can be address, data, or control buses, and can include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber optic or other optical communication devices, wireless channels, etc. For example, one or more transceivers TRANS 12D, TRANS 13D, and / or TRANS 10D can be implemented as remote radio heads (RRHs), wherein other components of NN 12 are physically located at a different location from the RRH, and one or more buses 157 can be partially implemented as fiber optic cables to connect other components of NN 12 to the RRH.

[0076] It should be noted that, although Figure 2Network nodes, such as NN 12 and NN 13, are shown. Any of these nodes can be merged or incorporated into an eNodeB, eNB, or gNB, for example, for LTE and NR, and can still be configured to perform example embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] It should also be noted that the description in this document indicates that a "cell" performs the function; however, it should be clear that the gNB and / or user equipment and / or mobility management function equipment that form the cell will perform the function. Furthermore, a cell constitutes part of a gNB, and each gNB may have multiple cells.

[0078] Wireless Network 1 or any network that it may represent may or may not include NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMM / SMF 14, which may include (NCE) network control element functions, MME (Mobility Management Entity) / SGW (Serving Gateway) functions, and / or Serving Gateway (SGW), and / or MME (Mobility Management Entity) and / or SGW (Serving Gateway) functions, and / or User Data Management (UDM) functions, and / or PCF (Policy Control) functions, and / or Access and Mobility Management (AMM) functions, and / or Session Management (SMF) functions, and / or Authentication Server (AUSF) functions, and it provides connectivity to other networks (such as telephone networks and / or data communication networks (e.g., the Internet)), and it is configured to perform any 5G and / or NR operations to supplement or replace other standard operations at the time of this application. NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMM / SMF 14 can be configured to perform operations in any of LTE, NR, 5G, and / or any standards-based communication technologies being implemented or discussed at the time of this application, according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that operations performed by NN 12 and / or NN 13 according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention can also be performed at NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMM / SMF 14.

[0079] NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMM / SMF 14 includes one or more processor DP 14A, one or more memory MEM 14B, and one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) interconnected via one or more buses coupled to links 13 and / or 14. According to an example embodiment, these network interfaces may include X2 and / or Xn interfaces for performing example embodiments of the invention. One or more memory MEM 14B includes computer program code PROG 14C. The one or more memory MEM 14B and computer program code PROG 14C are configured, together with the one or more processor DP 14A, to enable NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMM / SMF 14 to perform one or more operations that may be required for supporting operations according to example embodiments of the invention.

[0080] Wireless Network 1 can achieve network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functions into a single, software-based management entity, a virtual network. Network virtualization involves platform virtualization, often combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is categorized as external or internal. External virtualization combines many networks or parts of networks into a virtual unit, while internal virtualization provides network-like functionality to software containers on a single system. Note that the virtualized entities created by network virtualization are still implemented to some extent using hardware (such as processors DP10, DP12A, DP13A, and / or DP14A, and memory MEM 10B, MEM 12B, MEM 13B, and / or MEM 14B), and such virtualized entities also produce technical effects.

[0081] Computer-readable storage devices MEM 12B, MEM 13B, and MEM 14B can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and can be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based storage devices, flash memory, magnetic storage devices and systems, optical storage devices and systems, fixed storage, and removable storage. Computer-readable storage devices MEM 12B, MEM 13B, and MEM 14B can be components for performing storage functions. Processors DP10, DP12A, DP13A, and DP14A can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and, as non-limiting examples, can include one or more of the following: general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), and processors based on multi-core processor architectures. Processors DP10, DP12A, DP13A, and DP14A can be components for performing functions, such as controlling UE10, NN 12, NN 13, and other functions described herein.

[0082] It should be noted that any reference to "network" in this document may refer to any cell that may or may not be nearby and may belong to any PLMN as discussed herein. For example, a network may include any PLMN, such as a home PLMN for initial subscription, in which network equipment (such as a UE) may be a part. Furthermore, a network equipment may be an accessor using that PLMN as a VPLMN.

[0083] As similarly indicated above, one solution according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is to instruct the serving network to switch the dual USIM UE to another network (the network of the second USIM card) (if it is available) once a network failure is anticipated by the network, in order to reduce service interruption time.

[0084] Furthermore, as similarly indicated above, exemplary embodiments of the present invention may use a DSDA device with dual Rx / dual Tx capabilities. It should be noted that in this application, the term UE will refer to a UE configured with a DSDA device having dual Rx / dual Tx capabilities.

[0085] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, once the UE is activated, it will register with the network corresponding to each of its USIM cards. If the UE is roaming, it will attempt to register with the network already configured in the USIM card by its home PLMN. If these networks are unavailable, it will attempt to register with other available networks. In this solution, it is assumed that:

[0086] ●USIM 1 will operate on the local (home) network; USIM 1 will register with the HPLMN.

[0087] (PLMN1), the UE will access services from this network; and / or

[0088] ●USIM 2 will be in roaming mode; and / or

[0089] ●If the coverage of two PLMNs overlap, then USIM 2 can be in HPLMN.

[0090] According to the idea of ​​this exemplary embodiment of the invention, once the UE reaches the coverage limit of PLMN1, the network will indicate to the UE configured for MUSIM operation that it is reaching the network coverage limit and suggest that it switch to another network. Figure 1The instruction may also include additional ancillary information regarding suitable cells for switching to another PLMN. USIM 1 will then notify USIM 2 of the triggering; as network coverage limitations are approaching, the latter will attempt to register to its HPLMN (PLMN2), if it is available or if not yet completed, such as in cases of overlapping coverage. If the process is complete, USIM 2 will notify USIM 1 that it has successfully registered to another network and will switch to PLMN 2 once radio conditions are suitable. Before performing this process, it will notify PLMN 1 that it is leaving and may add its most recent measurements (if more recent than the A2 event report) for NW recording and optimization.

[0091] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the USIM (e.g., USIM1) of the device initially used can be in a cell belonging to its HPLMN, and the other USIM (e.g., USIM2) to which the device's application is switched can reside in the same cell as the visitor and use that PLMN as a VPLMN. Therefore, according to the exemplary embodiment, the switch can be a switch from USIM1 to USIM2 or from USIM2 to USIM1.

[0092] The process described above can be applied to UEs that cross regional / national boundaries. However, a similar principle can be followed when a UE moves within a country of two PLMNs with partially overlapping coverage.

[0093] Figure 1 The diagram shows the DSDA UE switching operator in scenarios with partial overlapping coverage and scenarios with overlapping coverage of two different PLMNs.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, there are two scenarios for MUSIM devices with DSDA capabilities, with two subscriptions in different PLMNs. Figure 1 In each of these scenarios, the device is configured with MUSIM. In each of these scenarios, the MUSIM-configured device's USIM1 is connected to PLMN1 via RRC and has an ongoing application, while another USIM (such as USIM2) of the MUSIM-configured device is in an RRC idle / inactive state with PLMN2. In each of these scenarios, the application according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention supports service switching. Figure 1 The image shows two different scenarios:

[0095] ■Scenario 1: Displaying overlapping coverage of two different PLMNs. Example: Macrocell and small cell coverage provided by different PLMNs or indoor / outdoor coverage, or coverage blind spots in rural areas. In this case, the UE can register in both PLMNs and switch from PLMN1 to PLMN2 when it approaches the cell boundary; and

[0096] ■Scenario 2: Displaying non-overlapping coverage. Example: Cross-border travel between two countries. Further information... Figure 1 The application setup according to an example embodiment of the present invention may include:

[0097] ●For scenario 1: overlapping coverage:

[0098] ●After the UE independently registers with each PLMN, it obtains IP addresses IP1 and IP2 from PLMN-1 and PLMN-2 respectively;

[0099] ● Applications can be configured to route their services via IP-1 / PLMN-1;

[0100] ● In cases where a problem is reported on IP-1, the application triggers the establishment of a radio link and packet transmission via IP-2; and

[0101] ●For scenario 2: non-overlapping coverage:

[0102] ● Registration between the two PLMNs cannot be completed in advance. The UE can only detect and register with PLMN-2 when the radio link between USIM-1 and PLMN-1 begins to weaken.

[0103] ●Since our focus is on DSDA equipment, the UE can be measured and registered in PLMN-2 without damaging USIM-1 / PLMN-1.

[0104] Example embodiments of the present invention include a SEP related to a SIP entitled "UE IMPLEMENTATION FOR ENHANCED SERVICECONTINUITY UTILIZING MUSIM". Both inventions use MUSIM to address the same problem of enhancing service continuity. The SEP is network-oriented, meaning it requires standard changes, while the SIP is based on an autonomous UE implementation according to existing 3GPP standard specifications.

[0105] This document provides a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention as discussed herein.

[0106] Regarding service continuity, exemplary embodiments of the present invention can provide and monitor service continuity and service continuity failures. Such service continuity may include the continuity of all elements of (multiple) data files and / or (multiple) voice files for any type of service communication in any communication session (such as a multimedia session) or any local area network or wide area network (such as a 3GPP network). Furthermore, it should be noted that exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be used to and are capable of determining service continuity failures of at least one application at a network device (such as a user equipment).

[0107] As mentioned earlier, if a network failure occurs in the first network, the process of initiating a connection to the second network (using the second USIM) is very time-consuming and has several associated delay components.

[0108] If a (dual-SIM) UE is notified about a predicted fault, it can omit certain delayed components (such as RLF detection and corresponding reconstruction process, UE camping process, radio link establishment and PDP context recovery), which can be performed in advance to reduce service interruption time.

[0109] If the network network (NW) can predict that the UE will move out of coverage at an appropriate time, the network will impose or recommend changes to the network operator of the second USIM. This can be based on knowledge of failures caused by a lack of gNB (e.g., gNB failure, network management information, country changes, etc.).

[0110] Recommendations for UE switching to other operators can be based on:

[0111] ● Abstract location knowledge (e.g., cell level);

[0112] ●Accurate location knowledge; and / or

[0113] ●RRM and RLM measurements

[0114] According to exemplary embodiments of the invention, any prediction operation disclosed herein can be performed at least by: monitoring changes in radio signal quality or radio coverage over a predetermined time period and using at least one threshold to determine trends in radio signal quality or radio coverage on a specific link and / or from a specific cell of the PLMN. This determined trend can be used for any prediction disclosed herein.

[0115] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, reduction of radio component outages is possible through proactive preparation for application transitions and PLMN neighbor tables / databases.

[0116] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the database may contain information related to the current serving cell and neighboring cells for measurement. In this case, the UE can measure at any cell configured by the NW. The database at the NW may contain cell information, such as nearby cells, and is used to estimate whether the UE is approaching the cell edge of a cell, such as its current serving cell. This database can be used to proactively trigger the UE to prepare to connect to a better cell using another USIM of the UE.

[0117] According to an example embodiment of the invention, a network device (such as a UE) is not only close to the cell edge but also close to the entire PLMN coverage area itself. In the example, the PLMN associated with the first USIM may not have its own neighboring cells to be used in a normal / traditional HO manner, and this triggers the UE to prepare to move its service to another PLMN using its other USIMs.

[0118] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, proactive preparation is proposed. Operation according to an example embodiment of the present invention may include:

[0119] - UE-centric solution: In this scenario, the UE identifies potential coverage issues within the PLMN of the RRC connection and proactively initiates an RRC connection to the PLMN of its second USIM and prepares for IP translation; and / or

[0120] - Network-centric solution: In this case, the network identifies potential coverage issues and initiates preparations for IP migration to another PLMN.

[0121] A suggested detail of an exemplary embodiment of the invention is as follows: Figure 3 It was captured in the message sequence graph. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates message exchange according to an example embodiment of the invention, for redirecting a DSDA UE from PLMN1 to PLMN2 once a network failure is predicted, without requiring an operator-to-operator protocol.

[0122] In addition, it should be noted that RRC connections can be proactively initiated for other cells that may be from another PLMN, such as another home cell used for a second subscription.

[0123] like Figure 3 The process shown includes the following steps:

[0124] 1) The UE uses USIM 1 to perform its registration with PLMN1. Registration is based on the 3GPP Rel.16 procedure. In addition to standard registration, it indicates that the UE is a MUSIM. This is stored in the UE context in the AMF (PLMN1_AMF) and in the UE context in the gNB of the serving PLMN;

[0125] 2) Using USIM1, the UE is served by PLMN1;

[0126] 3) The gNB configuring UE RRM measurements for the serving PLMN (PLMN1_BS). These may include the storage of a list of the following parameters:

[0127] ο Radio measurements (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, CQI, SINR for serving cells);

[0128] οUE position;

[0129] ο The frequency / periodicity of the measurement; and

[0130] ο Changes in the reasons for using PLMN / USIM services (e.g., upcoming or anticipated radio link failures);

[0131] 4) During connection to PLMN1, it will provide measurements to its serving gNB according to the RRM measurement configuration in step 3;

[0132] 5) The gNB indicates that the UE is predicted to exit PLMN1 coverage. This can be identified using one or more of the following criteria:

[0133] The UE is connected to the boundary gNB. This is known information about the gNB and applies to any UE using that gNB as its serving cell;

[0134] The exact location of the οUE;

[0135] οRRM measurement; and

[0136] The above combinations;

[0137] 6) The gNB notifies the UE that the UE is connected in a boundary cell and simultaneously provides the conditions for switching to another network; these conditions may be based on time (i.e., timer expiration), accurate location, and / or RRM measurements. The NW can send this information to the UE using a new RRC message;

[0138] 7) USIM1 instructs USIM2 (within the UE) that it should register with PLMN2 if it has not already registered. Note that USIM2 may already be registered with PLMN2 without instruction from USIM1. Instruction from USIM1 to USIM2 is required in cases of partial coverage of two PLMNs (i.e., PLMN1 and PLMN2) or for energy-saving purposes.

[0139] 8) USIM1 and USIM2 perform RRM measurements according to their respective configurations;

[0140] 9) Once PLMN2 has good coverage, USIM2 registers with PLMN2 (if it has not already registered) and indicates that the UE is a MUSIM UE as in step 1;

[0141] 10) Once registration is complete, USIM2 will notify USIM1;

[0142] 11) USIM1 performs RRM measurements until the conditions in step 6 are met;

[0143] 12) Once the conditions are met, USIM1 notifies USIM2 to connect;

[0144] 13) USIM2 is connected to PLMN2;

[0145] 14) Once the conditions in step 6 are met, USIM1 requests the release of resources and transitions to the RRC_IDLE state. Simultaneously, it provides a measurement report following the RRM measurement configuration in step 3, including:

[0146] Radio measurements (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, CQI, SINR for serving cells),

[0147] ο location,

[0148] ο Changes in the reasons for using PLMN / USIM services (e.g., upcoming or anticipated radio link failures); and

[0149] 15) PLMN1_gNB sends a release request to USIM1 (as shown in 3GPP rel.16RRC or a similar radio control protocol).

[0150] Figure 3 The report in step 14 is in table form and includes:

[0151] ● Radio measurements (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, CQI, SINR for serving cells),

[0152] ●Location, and

[0153] ● Changes in the reasons for using PLMN / USIM services (e.g., upcoming or anticipated radio link failures).

[0154] Figure 4 Alternative implementations of the solution (such as the proposed solution) are provided. This implementation enables the network to instruct the UE to switch to PLMN2 based on an agreement between the two operators. In this case, Figure 4 Steps 1 to 5, 8 to 15 and from Figure 3 The remainder remains unchanged. Figure 3 and Figure 4The key difference lies in steps 6 and 7, where the PLMN2 ID is provided to USIM1 by PLMN1_gNB and then to USIM2 by USIM1. USIM2 will then use this information to perform measurements and register with PLMN2.

[0155] Furthermore, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, if additional information, such as the cell ID of PLMN2, is available at PLMN1 based on a protocol between the two operators, it will be provided to USIM1 and then provided by USIM1 to USIM2.

[0156] In other alternative implementations, during its initial registration, the UE may provide a SUPI or IMSI linked to each USIM in order to notify PLMN1 and PLMN2 of the existence of multiple USIM cards.

[0157] Figure 5 A table showing examples of RRC release requests with reporting messages according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is provided. Examples of such messages can be found in... Figure 5 Found it.

[0158] Figure 6A This demonstrates that it can be made by, but is not limited to, user devices (e.g., such as...). Figure 2 The operations performed by the device (UE 10) in the system. Figure 6A As shown in step 610, a user equipment (UE) of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network receives an indication of proximity coverage limitation from a network node of the communication network. This coverage limitation pertains to a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and the UE, wherein the UE includes a multi-subscriber identification (MSI) module, and wherein a first MSI module within the MSI module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network. Then, as... Figure 6A As shown in step 620, an active preparation is performed based on reception. This active preparation enables the second subscriber identification module in the user equipment's multi-subscriber identification module to switch to a second mobile network among more than one mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on proximity coverage limitations of the coverage area.

[0159] According to the example embodiment described in the above paragraphs, preparation is made based on the following instruction from a network node of the first mobile network: the user equipment is moving out of the coverage area.

[0160] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, proactive preparation includes performing early measurements based on information associated with the radio conditions of the communication network.

[0161] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, this information is associated with fault knowledge in a database of cells collected by network nodes.

[0162] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, the information includes an indication of at least one condition to be satisfied before establishing an additional connection to another mobile network among more than one mobile network.

[0163] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, at least one condition is based on at least one of the following: the expiration of a timer, the accurate location of the user equipment, or a radio resource management measurement.

[0164] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, the information includes auxiliary information relating to more than one suitable mobile network for additional connection, and the auxiliary information includes the identifier of another mobile network among the more than one mobile network.

[0165] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, auxiliary information is instructing user equipment to switch to another mobile network based on inter-operator agreements of the communication network.

[0166] According to the example embodiment described in the above paragraphs, the active preparation is performed based on the coverage limitations of the radio conditions of the first mobile network, which the first subscriber identification module is connected to, in the proximity of the coverage area.

[0167] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the user equipment is connected to a first mobile network, and a second subscriber identification module of the user equipment is configured to perform proactive preparation for switching to another mobile network among more than one mobile networks to which the user equipment is also subscribed.

[0168] According to the example embodiment described in the above paragraphs, the first subscriber identification module is registered in a first mobile network of the communication network, and the second subscriber identification module is one of the following: residing in the mobile network or in roaming mode.

[0169] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the proactive preparation includes: based on radio conditions, using a first subscriber identification module to identify that switching to another mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred.

[0170] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, based on an identifier, in response to determining a service continuity failure of at least one application at the user equipment, a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module identifies whether different mobile networks among more than one mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module are suitable for conversion to it.

[0171] According to the example embodiments described in the paragraphs above, the determination is based on at least one of the following: fault knowledge, network node failure, network management information, or national changes.

[0172] According to the example embodiments described in the paragraphs above, the instructions for performing proactive preparation are based on at least one of the following: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of network nodes.

[0173] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, the indication is based on at least one of the following: radio resource management or radio link monitoring measurements.

[0174] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, a request message and a report are transmitted by the user equipment, which are associated with a conversion performed by the user equipment's second subscriber identification module based on proactive preparation.

[0175] According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention described above, there exists an apparatus comprising: for use by a user equipment (such as) of a first mobile network. Figure 2 UE 10 in the communication network (such as Figure 2 In network 1), there are more than one network node in the first mobile network (e.g., network nodes in the first mobile network). Figure 2 NN 12 or NN 13 in the middle) receive (e.g. Figure 2 The components (TRANS 10D, MEM 10B, PROG 10C, and DP 10A) in the diagram indicate a coverage limitation for a coverage area associated with a link between a first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to the first mobile network. Then, as... Figure 6A As shown in step 620, based on the received data, the following steps are performed (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The TRANS 10D, MEM 10B, PROG 10C, and DP 10A active preparations enable a second subscriber identification module in a user equipment's multi-subscriber identification module to switch to another mobile network among more than one mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on proximity coverage limitations.

[0176] In an example aspect of the invention according to the foregoing paragraphs, the components for receiving and executing include those utilizing at least one processor [such as...]. Figure 2 The computer program executed by DP 10A in [e.g.] Figure 2 Non-transitory computer-readable media encoded in PROG 10C (e.g.) Figure 2MEM 10B (in the context of MEM 10B).

[0177] Figure 6B It shows that it can be made by, but is not limited to, such as Figure 2 The operations performed by network devices in network nodes NN 12 and / or NN 13 or eNB. For example... Figure 6B As shown in step 650, a proximity coverage limitation is determined by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of the communication network. This coverage limitation is used for a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to the first mobile network. Then as... Figure 6B As shown in step 650, based on the determination, information is sent to the user equipment, the information including an instruction to perform proactive preparation, the proactive preparation being used to enable the second subscriber identification module in the user equipment's multi-subscriber identification module to perform preparation as follows: based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area, in response to the impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, the second subscriber identification module switches to a second mobile network in more than one mobile network.

[0178] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the determination is based on the network node determining that the user equipment is moving out of the coverage area associated with the link between the first mobile network and the user equipment.

[0179] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, proactive preparation includes performing early measurements based on information including radio channel conditions associated with at least one of the first mobile network or another mobile network of the communication network.

[0180] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, the information is based on information associated with fault knowledge collected by the network nodes from a database of cells.

[0181] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the first subscriber identification module is registered in a first mobile network of the communication network and the second subscriber identification module resides in the mobile network or is in roaming mode.

[0182] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the proactive preparation includes: based on radio conditions, using a first subscriber identification module to identify that switching to another mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred.

[0183] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, based on an identifier, in response to determining the service continuity of at least one application at the user equipment, a second subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber identification module identifies whether a different mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module is suitable for conversion to it.

[0184] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the instruction for performing proactive preparation is based on the coverage limitation of the radio conditions of the first mobile network in more than one mobile network to which the first subscriber identification module is connected, near the coverage area.

[0185] According to the example embodiment described in the preceding paragraphs, the user equipment is connected to a first mobile network, and the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment is configured to switch to another mobile network among more than one mobile networks to which the user equipment is also subscribed.

[0186] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, the information includes an indication of at least one condition to be satisfied before establishing an additional connection to another mobile network among more than one mobile network.

[0187] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, at least one condition is based on at least one of the following: the expiration of a timer, the accurate or abstract location of the user equipment, or a radio resource management measurement.

[0188] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, the information includes auxiliary information relating to a suitable cell for switching to another mobile network, and the auxiliary information includes the identifier of another mobile network among more than one mobile network.

[0189] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, auxiliary information is instructing user equipment to use one of the appropriate cells to switch to another mobile network in more than one mobile network, based on an inter-operator agreement of the communication network.

[0190] According to the example embodiments described in the paragraphs above, the instructions for performing proactive preparation are based on at least one of the following: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of network nodes.

[0191] According to the example embodiments described in the preceding paragraphs, a user equipment request message and report are received from the user equipment, which are associated with a transition to another mobile network based on proactive preparation by a second subscriber identification module.

[0192] A non-transitory computer-readable medium (such as Figure 2 The MEM 12B and / or MEM 13B in the memory store program code (such as...) Figure 2In PROG 12C and / or PROG 13C), the program code is generated by at least one processor (such as...). Figure 2 The DP 12A and / or DP 13A in the above section are executed to perform at least the operations described in the paragraphs above.

[0193] According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention as described above, there exists an apparatus comprising: for communication networks (such as...) Figure 2 In network 1), there are more than one network node in the first mobile network (e.g., network nodes in the first mobile network). Figure 2 NN 12 or NN 13 in the code identifies components that are close to coverage limits (such as...). Figure 2 The coverage restrictions apply to TRANS 12D and / or TRANS 13D, DP 12A and / or DP13A, PROG 12C and / or PROG 13C, and MEM 12B and / or MEM 13B, respectively. Figure 2 The coverage area associated with the link between UE 10 and UE 10, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module in the multi-subscriber module is connected to a network node associated with a first public land mobile network; and components for sending information to the user equipment based on determination (such as... Figure 2 The information includes instructions to perform proactive preparation for enabling a second subscriber identification module in the user equipment's multi-subscriber identification module to perform preparations such as (e.g., TRANS 12D and / or TRANS 13D, DP 12A and / or DP 13A, PROG 12C and / or PROG 13C, and MEM 12B and / or MEM 13B). Figure 2 TRANS 12D and / or TRANS 13D, DP 12A and / or DP13A, PROG 12C and / or PROG 13C, and MEM 12B and / or MEM 13B): Based on proximity coverage limitations in the coverage area, in response to the impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, the second subscriber identification module switches to another mobile network among more than one mobile network.

[0194] In an example aspect of the invention according to the foregoing paragraphs, the components for determining and transmitting include those utilizing at least one processor [such as...]. Figure 2 The computer program executed by DP 12A and / or DP 13B in [e.g.] Figure 2 Non-transitory computer-readable media encoded with PROG12C and / or PROG 13C in [e.g.] Figure 2 MEM 12B and / or MEM 13B in the series.

[0195] It should be noted that the exemplary embodiments of the present invention may require standardization in the RRC specification, and then the proof used is straightforward.

[0196] Additionally, NAS signaling updates are considered necessary. Finally, interaction between the two USIM cards in the device is required. Specifically, based on exemplary embodiments of the present invention, at least the following interactions can be standardized:

[0197] ● Indicate to the network that the UE is a dual-SIM device;

[0198] ● Configuration from the network for UE measurements of the DSDA UE;

[0199] ● Boundary cell indication with switching indication;

[0200] ● Has reporting capabilities for RRC release; and / or

[0201] ● Interaction between the two USIM cards (i.e., registration instruction, successful registration, connection to PLMN2);

[0202] ● Interaction between at least one database for creating supported cells and at least one previously invalid database in different PLMNs of the network. At least one database may have information related to the currently serving cell and other neighboring cells of the specific PLMN to be measured, and may contain information about such cells or PLMNs there, such as information about the cell edges of the specific PLMN and / or nearby cells or PLMNs, to estimate whether the UE is approaching coverage limitations or a specific PLMN cell.

[0203] It should be noted that a cell can belong to a PLMN. Furthermore, a single PLMN or network can know its own coverage area and therefore its boundaries. When a UE reaches the edge of a cell belonging to that PLMN, it also knows that this is the (last) cell in its coverage area, meaning it has no other "its own" cell to trigger a homepage (HO).

[0204] Furthermore, based on the generated database and / or cross-PLMN owner (MNO) protocols, the network can know that the UE is moving to the coverage of another PLMN. It cannot provide measurement information, but will trigger UE camping (if not already camped) and use the information available to the UE from other USIMs to move to the RRC_connected PLMN.

[0205] Furthermore, according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, there exists a circuit system for performing operations according to exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. This circuit system may include any type of circuit system, including content encoding circuit systems, content decoding circuit systems, processing circuit systems, image generation circuit systems, data analysis circuit systems, etc. Furthermore, this circuit system may include discrete circuit systems, application-specific integrated circuit systems (ASICs) and / or field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit systems, etc., and processors specifically configured by software to perform corresponding functions, or dual-core processors with software and corresponding digital signal processors, etc. Additionally, necessary inputs to and outputs from the circuit system, functions performed by the circuit system, and interconnections (possibly via inputs and outputs) between the circuit system and other components that may include other circuit systems are provided to perform exemplary embodiments of the invention as described herein.

[0206] According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention disclosed in this application, the provided "circuit system" may include at least one or more or all of the following:

[0207] (a) Pure hardware circuit implementation (such as implementation of analog and / or digital circuit systems only);

[0208] (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable):

[0209] (i) A combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware; and

[0210] (ii) Any portion of a plurality of hardware processors, together with software (including a plurality of digital signal processors), software, and a plurality of memories, work together to enable a device (such as a mobile phone or server) to perform various functions, such as the functions or operations of exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein; and

[0211] (c) (Multiple) hardware circuits and / or (multiple) processors, such as (multiple) microprocessors or parts thereof, which require software (e.g. firmware) to operate, but may not exist when operation does not require software.

[0212] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there exists a sufficient circuit system for performing at least the novel operations disclosed herein, and the term "circuit system" as used herein refers to at least the following:

[0213] (a) Pure hardware circuit implementation (such as implementations in analog and / or digital circuit systems only); and

[0214] (b) A combination of circuitry and software (and / or firmware), such as (if applicable): (i) a combination of (multiple) processors or (ii) portions of (multiple) processors / software (including (multiple) digital signal processors), software, and (multiple) memories, which work together to enable a device (such as a mobile phone or server) to perform various functions; and

[0215] (c) Circuits, such as (multiple) microprocessors or a portion thereof, that require software or firmware to operate, even if the software or firmware does not actually exist.

[0216] This definition of "circuit system" applies to all uses of the term in this application, including in any claim. As another example, as used herein, the term "circuit system" will also cover only the implementation of a processor (or processors) or a portion thereof and its accompanying software and / or firmware. The term "circuit system" also includes (for example and if applicable to a particular claim element) baseband integrated circuits or application processor integrated circuits for mobile phones, or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other network devices.

[0217] Generally, various embodiments can be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. For example, some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while others may be implemented in firmware or software executable by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device, but the invention is not limited thereto. While various aspects of the invention may be shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it is well known, by way of non-limiting example, that these blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques, or methods described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuitry or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0218] Embodiments of the present invention can be practiced in various components, such as integrated circuit modules. The design of integrated circuits is essentially a highly automated process. Complex and powerful software tools can be used to transform logic-level designs into semiconductor circuit designs ready to be etched and formed on semiconductor substrates.

[0219] The term "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other embodiments. All embodiments described in the detailed description are exemplary embodiments intended to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

[0220] The foregoing description has provided a complete and informative description of the best methods and apparatus for carrying out the invention as currently contemplated by the inventors, by way of exemplary and non-limiting examples. However, various modifications and adaptations will become apparent to those skilled in the art when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and appended claims, in light of the foregoing description. Nevertheless, all such and similar modifications to the teachings of the invention will still fall within the scope of the invention.

[0221] It should be noted that the terms “connection,” “coupling,” or any variation thereof refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may encompass the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” together. The coupling or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. As used herein, two elements may be considered “connected” or “coupled” together by means of one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, and by means of electromagnetic energy (such as electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the radio frequency region, microwave region, and optical (visible and invisible) region), as a few non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0222] Furthermore, some features of the preferred embodiments of the invention can be used to achieve advantages without corresponding use of other features. Therefore, the foregoing description should be considered merely as illustrating the principles of the invention, and not as limiting it.

Claims

1. A device for communication, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, together with the at least one processor, to cause the device to at least: The user equipment receives an indication of approaching coverage limitation from a network node of a communication network. The coverage limitation is for a coverage area associated with a link between a first mobile network of the communication network and the user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network. as well as Active preparation is performed based on the received information, which enables the second subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to switch to the second mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the first mobile network and the user equipment, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the active preparation comprises: Early measurements are performed based on information associated with the radio conditions of the communication network.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the information is associated with fault knowledge in a database of cells collected by the network node.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the information includes: An indication of at least one condition that must be met before establishing an additional connection to another mobile network.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one condition is based on at least one of the following: the expiration of a timer, the accurate location of the user equipment, or a radio resource management measurement.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the information includes auxiliary information relating to more than one mobile network applicable to the additional connection, and wherein the auxiliary information includes an identifier of another mobile network of the communication network.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the auxiliary information is instructing the user equipment to switch to the other mobile network based on an inter-operator agreement of the communication network.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the active preparation is based on: the radio conditions of the cell of the first mobile network to which the first subscriber identification module is connected, and the coverage limitations of the proximity coverage area.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the user equipment is connected to the first mobile network, and wherein the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment is configured to perform active preparation for switching to another mobile network among more than one mobile network to which the user equipment is also subscribed.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first subscriber identification module is registered in the first mobile network of the communication network, and the second subscriber identification module is one of: residing in the mobile network or in roaming mode.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, The active preparation mentioned above includes: Based on the coverage limitations of the proximity to the first mobile network, the first subscriber identification module identifies that switching to a network node of the mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred; and Based on the identifier, in response to the indication of proximity coverage limitation, the second subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module identifies whether different mobile networks in more than one mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module are suitable for conversion to it.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first mobile network or the second mobile network comprises a public land mobile network.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instruction for performing active preparation is based on at least one of: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of the network node.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication is based on at least one of: radio resource management or radio link monitoring measurements.

15. The apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: The user equipment transmits a request message and a report, which are associated with a conversion performed by the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment based on the proactive preparation.

16. A method for communication, comprising: The user equipment receives an indication of approaching coverage limitation from a network node of a communication network. The coverage limitation is for a coverage area associated with a link between a first mobile network of the communication network and the user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network. as well as Based on the received information, an active preparation is performed to enable the second subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module of the user equipment to switch to the second mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the active preparation comprises: Early measurements are performed based on information associated with the radio conditions of the communication network.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the information is associated with fault knowledge in a database of cells collected by the network node.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the information includes: An indication of at least one condition that must be met before establishing an additional connection to another mobile network.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the at least one condition is based on at least one of the following: the expiration of a timer, the accurate location of the user equipment, or a radio resource management measurement.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the information includes auxiliary information relating to more than one mobile network applicable to the additional connection, and wherein the auxiliary information includes an identifier of the other mobile network.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the auxiliary information is instructing the user equipment to switch to the other mobile network based on an inter-operator agreement of the communication network.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein the active preparation is based on: the radio conditions of the cell of the first mobile network to which the first subscriber identification module is connected, and the coverage limitations of the coverage area.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the user equipment is connected to a first public terrestrial mobile network, and wherein the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment is configured to perform active preparation for switching to another mobile network among more than one mobile networks to which the user equipment is also subscribed.

25. The method of claim 16, wherein the first subscriber identification module is registered in the first mobile network of the communication network, and the second subscriber identification module is one of: residing in the mobile network or in roaming mode.

26. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 25, The active preparation mentioned above includes: Based on the coverage limitations of the proximity to the first mobile network, the first subscriber identification module identifies that switching to another mobile node in the mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred; and Based on the identifier, in response to the indication of proximity coverage limitation, the second subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module identifies whether different mobile networks in more than one mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module are suitable for conversion to it.

27. The method of claim 16, wherein at least one of the first mobile network or the second mobile network comprises a public land mobile network.

28. The method of claim 16, wherein the instruction for performing proactive preparation is based on at least one of: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of the network node.

29. The method of claim 16, wherein the indication is based on at least one of: radio resource management or radio link monitoring measurements.

30. The method of claim 16, comprising: The user equipment transmits a request message and a report, which are associated with a conversion performed by the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment based on the proactive preparation.

31. A device for communication, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, together with the at least one processor, to cause the device to at least: A proximity coverage limit is determined by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network. The coverage limit is used to define a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network. Information is sent to the user equipment based on determination, the information including an indication to enable proactive preparation at the user equipment for the user equipment to switch to a second mobile network in response to an impending failure of the link between the first mobile network and the user equipment based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area. as well as Receive a request message and a report from the user equipment, the request message and the report being associated with a conversion performed by the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment based on the proactive preparation.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein at least one of the first mobile network or the second mobile network comprises a public land mobile network.

33. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the active preparation comprises: Early measurements are performed based on information, including radio channel conditions associated with at least one of the first mobile network or the other mobile network of the communication network.

34. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the instruction for performing active preparation is based on at least one of: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of the network node.

35. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the indication is based on at least one of: radio resource management or radio link monitoring measurements.

36. A method for communication, comprising: A proximity coverage limit is determined by a network node of a first mobile network in more than one mobile network of a communication network. The coverage limit is used to define a coverage area associated with a link between the first mobile network and a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a multi-subscriber identification module, and wherein a first subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module is connected to a network node associated with the first mobile network. as well as Information is sent to the user equipment based on a determination, the information including an instruction to perform proactive preparation, the proactive preparation being configured to enable the user equipment's proactive preparation by a second subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module for switching to a second mobile network among the more than one mobile networks in response to an impending failure of the link between the user equipment and the first mobile network, based on the proximity coverage limitation of the coverage area.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein at least one of the first mobile network or the second mobile network comprises a public land mobile network.

38. The method of claim 36, wherein the active preparation comprises: Early measurements are performed based on information, including radio channel conditions associated with at least one of the first mobile network or the other mobile network of the communication network.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the information is based on information associated with fault knowledge in a database of cells collected by the network node.

40. The method of claim 36, wherein the first subscriber identification module is registered in the first mobile network of the communication network, and the second subscriber identification module is one of: residing in the mobile network or in roaming mode.

41. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 40, The active preparation mentioned above includes: Based on the radio conditions of the cells of the more than one mobile network, the first subscriber identification module identifies that switching to another mobile network associated with the first subscriber identification module is not preferred; and Based on the identifier, the second subscriber identification module of the multi-subscriber identification module identifies, in response to determining that the service continuity of at least one application at the user equipment has failed, whether a different mobile network of the communication network associated with the second subscriber identification module is suitable for switching to.

42. The method of claim 36, wherein the instruction for performing proactive preparation is based on: the radio conditions of the first mobile network in one of the more than one mobile networks to which the first subscriber identification module is connected, and the coverage limitations of the proximity coverage area.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein the user equipment is connected to the first mobile network, and wherein the second subscriber identification module of the user equipment is configured to: switch to another mobile network among the more than one mobile networks to which the user equipment is also subscribed.

44. The method of claim 36, wherein the information includes: An indication of at least one condition to be satisfied before establishing an additional connection to another mobile network among the more than one mobile networks.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein the at least one condition is based on at least one of the following: the expiration of a timer, the accurate or abstract location of the user equipment, or a radio resource management measurement.

46. ​​The method of claim 36, wherein the information includes auxiliary information relating to a cell suitable for switching to another mobile network, and wherein the auxiliary information includes an identifier of another mobile network among the more than one mobile network.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the auxiliary information is instructing the user equipment to use one of the cells suitable for switching to another mobile network to switch to the other mobile network in the more than one mobile network, based on an inter-operator agreement of the communication network.

48. The method of claim 36, wherein the instruction for performing proactive preparation is based on at least one of: abstract location knowledge or precise location knowledge of the network node.

49. The method of claim 36, comprising: Receive user equipment request messages and reports from the user equipment, the user equipment request messages and reports being associated with a conversion to another mobile network by the second subscriber identification module based on the proactive preparation.

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