An instrument for the treatment of eccentric fixation amblyopia with autobleaching guided by a light brush

Abstract

The present application discloses a photic brush-guided automatic bleaching therapeutic apparatus for treating eccentric fixation amblyopia, which comprises a housing. A shielding coating is provided inside the housing. Below the shielding coating, there are an inclined first semi-reflecting mirror and a second semi-reflecting mirror. On the left side of the first semi-reflecting mirror, there are an eyepiece and an eyepiece rubber ring. On the right side of the second semi-reflecting mirror, there is a photic brush assembly. On the right side of the photic brush assembly, there is a light source. Below the first semi-reflecting mirror, there is a black dot adjusting assembly. Below the black dot adjusting assembly, there is an infrared annular light source. Below the infrared annular light source, there are a light source assembly and a flash lamp tube assembly. The present application is a posterior image enhancement system that can realize automatic operation, use the Haidinger brush to guide the fixation center to turn from the parafovea to the fovea centralis, and confirm the shadow covered by the black dot from the fundus image. Based on the concept of precision medicine, the combination of the Haidinger brush guidance + posterior image enhancement function with automatic precise exposure is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of medical and health science, and specifically relates to a light brush-guided automatic bleaching therapeutic instrument for the correction of eccentric fixation amblyopia. Background Art

[0002] In medical and health science, various medical devices are used, such as devices for finding or stimulating internal reflex points; artificial respiration; massage; bathing devices for special treatment or health care purposes or special parts of the human body (electrotherapy, magnetotherapy, radiotherapy, ultrasound therapy in A61N).

[0003] This application proposes a therapeutic instrument for the correction of eccentric fixation amblyopia. The registered name of the medical device with a similar function in the modern medical field is as follows: Multifunctional Amblyopia Correction Coordinator, registration number: Jixinzhuun 20222160923, registrant: Changchun Optoelectronic Instrument Co., Ltd. This product is mainly used for the treatment of eccentric fixation and various types of amblyopia. Related patent: A multifunctional amblyopia correction coordinator with an IC management system, application number: CN201010136307.6, authorization date: January 23, 2013, applicant: Tao Ye.

[0004] Related patent: Portable light brush-guided positioning afterimage amblyopia therapeutic instrument, application number: CN201210224696.7, authorization date: January 23, 2013, patentee: Chen Jie.

[0005] Master's thesis of Liu Hang from Changchun University of Science and Technology, "Design of an Amblyopia Afterimage Augmentation Optical System Based on a Fundus Camera"

[0006] Currently, the treatments for eccentric fixation mainly include amblyopia training and drug therapy. The commonly used drug therapy in China, such as Sibelium, belongs to dopamine drugs. There are literature reports indicating that it is helpful for the improvement of eccentric fixation. However, the training methods seem to be more important, mainly including Haidinger brush and various afterimage mirrors. In the 1950s - 1970s, an afterimage mirror similar to an ophthalmoscope was commonly used clinically. It belongs to an objective treatment method. The light source is strong, and there is a circular covering piece in the center. During treatment, the patient needs to have mydriasis, and the doctor aligns the covering circle with the fovea to irradiate and form an afterimage. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires too much manpower, and mydriasis is needed each time. Therefore, it is rarely used in China currently. Another domestic afterimage mirror uses a light source with a black spot in the center to continuously irradiate the patient for about 30 seconds, and then automatically switches to a flashing light to enhance the afterimage function. It belongs to a subjective method. Its disadvantage is that the diameter of the black spot is large. When the patient fixes on the black spot, it is actually still eccentric fixation. For small - angle eccentric fixation, the fovea and the eccentric fixation point will be covered simultaneously, resulting in ineffectiveness. For large - angle eccentric fixation, when the patient fixes on the black spot, the eccentric fixation point is protected, but the fovea that originally needs to be protected is exposed. The consequence is that this treatment further consolidates the eccentric fixation. Chen Jie applied for an invention patent named "Afterimage Amblyopia Therapeutic Instrument Guided and Positioned by a Light Brush" on December 20, 2004. In this patent, an afterimage amblyopia therapeutic instrument guided and positioned by a light brush is disclosed, which includes a strong - flash light source and a small circular covering piece. It is characterized in that: the therapeutic instrument is also provided with an observation lens, a semi - reflecting and semi - transmitting lens, a light brush, and a light brush plate with a visual target. The plane of the light brush plate is perpendicular to the optical axis of the observation lens, and the visual target of the light brush plate is at the focal point of the observation lens. The central point of the light brush plate falls on the optical axis of the observation lens. The semi - reflecting and semi - transmitting lens is arranged between the observation lens and the light brush plate. The strong - flash light source is arranged on one side of the optical axis of the observation lens. The small circular covering piece is vertically placed on the optical axis of the strong - flash light source and forms a conjugate relationship with the visual target with respect to the semi - reflecting and semi - transmitting lens. The optical axis of the lens and the optical axis of the strong - flash light source are in the same plane.

[0007] The portable afterimage amblyopia therapeutic instrument guided and positioned by a light brush (Application No.: CN201210224696.7) adopts the principle of the combined action of the Haidinger brush and the afterimage mirror. It is guided by the Haidinger brush to generate foveal fixation, and the Haidinger brush image is transferred to the center of the light brush plate. The central point of the small circular covering piece is conjugate to the fovea of the patient's retina. By allowing the patient to observe the Haidinger brush, foveal fixation is guided, and the small circular covering piece protects the fovea. The strong light source bleaches the eccentric fixation area and other retinas, thereby inhibiting eccentric fixation and improving foveal vision. It is a small - sized device suitable for home use.

[0008] For the Changchun Optoelectronic Instrument Co., Ltd., the multifunctional amblyopia correction coordinator is relatively large in size and separately realizes the Haidinger brush and the afterimage therapy. It is not a combined treatment. The difference is relatively large. The device is large in size and complex in operation, and is not suitable for home use.

[0009] The master's thesis designed by Liu Hang of Changchun University of Science and Technology is about the image recognition of fundus cameras, an afterimage enhancement optical system after precise bleaching. It has separate afterimage enhancement without the optokinetic nystagmus function, and the method of covering the black spot is different. Its advantages are high automation, while its disadvantages are complex structure, high cost, high precision of the structure, high requirements for the use environment, and it is only in the prototype stage and has not entered the market yet. It uses a method of focusing pursuit, which has good effects in the fixation state, but is prone to deviation and irradiate the fovea centralis when eye movement is active, restricting its application in young children.

[0010] In summary, the existing product research and patents fail to meet the clinical needs well and have some common defects:

[0011] 1. The method of selecting and purchasing the mechanical way for the exposure covering shadow; 2. The covering accuracy is not high enough; 3. The size of the covering is subjectively selected by doctors based on experience, and the treatment effect is greatly affected by subjectivity; 4. The operation during the selection of the covering black spot is prone to misoperation, and no foolproof design is seen in the patent; 5. The existing equipment has a low exposure power (<1200Lux) and a long exposure time (about 30s), resulting in low treatment compliance.

[0012] In view of this, we have carried out technological innovation on the basis of existing products.

[0013] Application content

[0014] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, this application provides a therapeutic instrument for eccentric fixation amblyopia correction with optokinetic nystagmus-guided automatic bleaching, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, this application is realized through the following technical solutions: A therapeutic instrument for eccentric fixation amblyopia correction with optokinetic nystagmus-guided automatic bleaching, including a housing. Inside the housing, there is a shielding coating. Below the shielding coating, there are inclined first semi-reflective mirror and second semi-reflective mirror. On the left side of the first semi-reflective mirror, there are an eyepiece and an eyepiece rubber ring. On the right side of the second semi-reflective mirror, there is an optokinetic nystagmus component. On the right side of the optokinetic nystagmus component, there is a light source.

[0016] Below both the first semi-reflective mirror and the second semi-reflective mirror, there are mounting plates. On the right side of the mounting plates, there is a circuit board. On the rightmost mounting plate, there is a first motor, and the first motor is connected to the optokinetic nystagmus component through a belt.

[0017] Below the second semi-reflective mirror, there are a lens component and an image acquisition module, and the image acquisition module is directly below the lens component.

[0018] Below the first semi-reflective mirror, there is a black spot adjustment component. Below the black spot adjustment component, there is an infrared ring light source. Below the infrared ring light source, there are a light source component and a flash tube component.

[0019] Further, a switch button is also provided on the housing.

[0020] Further, a second motor is provided on the right side wall of the mounting plate below the first semi-reflective mirror, and a black dot plate adjusting cylinder is provided between the inner walls of the two mounting plates. A black dot plate adjusting cylinder rotating thread and a multi-screw inner thread of the black dot plate adjusting cylinder are provided at the upper end of the black dot plate adjusting cylinder. A black dot plate adjusting cylinder fixing block is provided on the left side of the black dot plate adjusting cylinder. The black dot plate adjusting cylinders are symmetrically arranged. The black dot plate adjusting cylinder rotating thread on the right end black dot plate adjusting cylinder is connected to the output end of the second motor. A black dot plate adjusting cylinder fixing block is also provided on the right side of the right end black dot plate adjusting cylinder.

[0021] Further, two lenses are provided between the two black dot plate adjusting cylinders, and a black dot plate is provided between the two lenses.

[0022] Further, a flash lamp through hole is provided at the bottom of the infrared annular light source.

[0023] Further, the flash lamp tube assembly is composed of a flash lamp tube fixing clip and a flash lamp tube body located on the flash lamp tube fixing clip, and its position corresponds to the position of the flash lamp through hole.

[0024] The present application provides a therapeutic instrument for the treatment of eccentric fixation amblyopia by photic brush-guided automatic bleaching, having the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present application is a posterior image enhancement system that can realize automatic operation, uses the Haidinger brush to guide the fixation center to turn from the parafovea to the fovea, and confirms the black dot covering shadow by fundus images. It realizes the integration of the Haidinger brush guidance + posterior image enhancement function, and uses image recognition technology to evaluate the best posterior image bleaching timing, automatically bleaches and enhances vision, reduces the limitation due to the need for professional doctor supervision, and can be used in the home environment.

[0026] It solves the problem that subjective factors affect the treatment effect during the treatment of eccentric fixation amblyopia, resulting in a low effective rate, reduces the dependence on professional doctor supervision, can be used in the home environment, reduces the burden on parents, and improves the compliance of children's treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the black dot adjusting component of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , the present application provides a technical solution: a medical device that can achieve automated operation, uses Haidinger brush to guide the fixation center from para-macular to macular center, and uses fundus image recognition technology to confirm the black dot covering shadow, and can realize the comprehensive treatment of Haidinger brush and afterimage. It realizes the integration of the functions of Haidinger brush guidance + afterimage enhancement, and uses image recognition technology to evaluate the optimal afterimage bleaching timing, automatically bleaches and enhances vision, reduces the limitation due to the need for professional doctor supervision, and can be used in the home environment.

[0031] It solves the problem that in the treatment of eccentric fixation amblyopia, it depends on professional physicians, subjective factors affect the treatment effect, resulting in a low effective rate. It can be used in the home environment, reduces the burden on parents, and improves the compliance of children in treatment.

[0032] The usage steps are as follows:

[0033] Step 1: Turn on the power switch, set the working mode, start the device, the 9 circuit board controls the 6 blue light LEDs to turn on, and the 7 first motor drives the polarizer to form the Haidinger brush effect, guiding the eccentric fixation to turn to the central fixation point, that is, the macula, pupil, and central focus are on the same center line.

[0034] Step 2: The 9 circuit board controller sends a signal to turn on the 17 infrared ring light source to generate near-infrared light. The light enters the fundus and reflects back, reaching the 11 image acquisition module sensor. The sensor transmits the detected signal to the 9 circuit board. The MCU on the circuit board analyzes the position of the macula, and the MCU adjusts the rotation of the 15 second motor. The 15 second motor rotates the 16-3 black dot disc adjusting cylinder through the 16-4 black dot disc adjusting cylinder rotation thread, thereby adjusting the up and down of the 16-7 black dot board.

[0035] The 16-9 black dot generates a shadow to cover the macular center;

[0036] Step 3: When the MCU on the 9 circuit board confirms that the 11 image acquisition module sensor detects that the macula is covered by the black dot shadow, it controls the 18-2 flash lamp to strobe for the first time, and at this time the patient's pupil contracts;

[0037] Step 4: The MCU on the 9 circuit board sends a control signal, and the 18-2 flash lamp tube emits light for bleaching according to the set power

[0038] Step 5: After bleaching, conduct fine training or continue to use Haidinger brush training

[0039] The device of this patent can also be used alone with the Haidinger brush function and evaluate the training effect to determine the timing of starting treatment such as amblyopia therapy.

[0040] 13 Eyepiece rubber ring, including but not limited to being made of silica gel, rubber, and plastic, and silica gel is preferred here;

[0041] 12 Battery pack is an internal battery, including but not limited to dry batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium batteries, etc., or it can also be powered by an external power supply. Here, an internal lithium battery is preferred;

[0042] 11 Image acquisition module is a CMOS or CCD, which converts light into digital signals;

[0043] 3 Shielding coating, which is black and used to absorb electromagnetic waves and stray light;

[0044] 6 Light source, which is a blue LED light source;

[0045] 5 Light brush component, which consists of a polarizer + aircraft pattern. The 7 motor drives the polarizer through a pulley to form the Haidinger brush effect, and its function is to guide the central fixation of the macula;

[0046] 16 - 6 Lens, which is a lens combination used for focusing and uniform light;

[0047] 9 Circuit board, which is a control circuit board integrating MCU control components, including sub - circuits such as flash tube control circuit boards. The MCU includes but is not limited to single - core or multi - core combinations of single - chip microcomputers, MCUs, and PLCs. The circuit board also has networking ports, data storage, and parameter adjustment functions;

[0048] The external thread on the 16 - 7 black dot plate corresponding to the multi - screw thread inside the 16 - 5 black dot plate adjustment cylinder is a multi - screw thread, with the advantages of less rotational resistance, smoother rotation, and better displacement accuracy;

[0049] 15 Second motor, which is a stepping motor with deceleration, or it can also be a brushless motor or a brushed motor with an encoder. Its function is to precisely control the displacement of the black dot board, so as to achieve precise covering of the black dot shadow.

[0050] 16 - 9 The size of the black dot is 0.5 - 2 mm, preferably 1 mm, and the light shielding rate is not less than 95%;

[0051] 17 Infrared ring light source, including but not limited to near - infrared ring light sources, ring fiber light sources, ring flashlights, etc., which are light sources used for fundus camera imaging. A near - infrared ring light source with a hole in the middle is preferred;

[0052] 18 - 2 Flash tube body, including but not limited to linear, U - shaped, ring - shaped flash tubes or high - brightness LED light - emitting units with a stroboscopic function. Here, a 22 - mm linear xenon flash tube is preferred;

[0053] The 24 - data - line interface includes, but is not limited to, serial ports, USB, Mini - USB, micro - USB, and USB Type - C. Here, the USB Type - C interface is preferred;

[0054] The 16 - 1 black - dot disk fixing rod is a black - matte rod made of metal or plastic. It can be a cylinder or in the shape of other cross - sections. One or more rods are installed to limit the black - dot disk so that it can only move up and down. Here, it is preferably 2 cylindrical black - matte cylinders made of metal;

[0055] The 16 - 7 black - dot disk is made of PC plastic, a plane mirror, and can also be optical glass or optical plastic;

[0056] The 16 - 8 flash - light through - hole can install a lens or be completely a through - hole to allow the light of the flash - light tube to pass through. Its size can be adjusted by a baffle;

[0057] The 19 light - source assembly integrally installs the near - infrared light source similar to the installation ring 17 and the 18 flash - light tube;

[0058] So it has the following key points:

[0059] Key point 1: The fundus camera image recognition confirms the staring state of the Haidinger brush guiding the foveal fixation;

[0060] Key point 2: The fundus camera image recognition confirms the state of the after - image black dot covering the fovea centralis;

[0061] Key point 3: The size of the shadow covered by the after - image black dot changes steplessly, is adjustable, and can set the magnification redundancy;

[0062] Key point 4: The flash - light pre - flashes, fixes the eye muscles and then performs bleaching exposure, and can adjust the exposure power, optional high - power strobing, with high bleaching accuracy

[0063] Key point 5: Automatically runs the Haidinger brush guiding to the after - image enhancement program, and can also be intervened by setting parameters.

[0064] The following are the reference numerals and remarks:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] The differences between this patent and the existing patents:

[0070] Compared with the afterimage amblyopia treatment instrument with portable optokinetic nystagmus guiding positioning (CN201210224696.7),

[0071] Difference 1 of this patent: The principle of the fundus camera is used to evaluate whether the Haidinger brush guides the fixation point back to the macula, which belongs to objective measurement;

[0072] Difference 2: The principle of the fundus camera is used to evaluate the shadow covering size selected by the black dot board, realizing automatic adjustment and providing a safety redundancy option that is 10 - 50% larger than the system calculated value;

[0073] Difference 3: The bleaching power is adjustable;

[0074] Difference 4: The bleaching program sets a pre - flash and bleaches during the refractory period of the eye muscles, avoiding eye movement.

[0075] Difference 5: Based on objective measurement, it realizes precise bleaching and has a high degree of equipment automation.

[0076] The one designed in the master's thesis of Liu Hang from Changchun University of Science and Technology is a fundus camera image recognition - based, precisely bleached afterimage vision - enhancing optical system, which actively searches for the macula and adjusts the shadow projection accordingly.

[0077] Difference 1 of this patent: It has the Haidinger brush guiding function, can intervene in eccentric amblyopia treatment earlier, and the position of the macula area is more stable during fixation;

[0078] Difference 2: The airplane - pattern optokinetic nystagmus increases the fun of treatment and is more easily accepted by young children;

[0079] Difference 3: The stroboscopic exposure program avoids eye movement displacement and is safer

[0080] Difference 4: The adjustable bleaching power has higher safety;

[0081] Difference 5: The patent is easier to implement functions using an MCU, has a lower manufacturing cost, is more compact, is conducive to miniaturization, and is suitable for home use.

[0082] Difference 6: The exposure power is higher and the exposure time is short, significantly improving treatment compliance and reducing the burden on professional doctors and parents.

[0083] It should be noted that during the research and development process of this application, there is a physical object. In order to make the description of this application more written, the physical object is described in terms of its structure using two - dimensional schematic diagrams.

[0084] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic bleaching therapeutic instrument for eccentric fixation amblyopia correction guided by a light brush, comprising a housing, characterized in that, a shielding coating is provided inside the housing, an inclined first half-reflecting mirror and a second half-reflecting mirror are provided below the shielding coating, an eyepiece and an eyepiece rubber ring are provided on the left side of the first half-reflecting mirror, a light brush assembly is provided on the right side of the second half-reflecting mirror, and a light source is provided on the right side of the light brush assembly, mounting plates are provided below both the first half-reflecting mirror and the second half-reflecting mirror, a circuit board is provided on the right side of the mounting plate, a first motor is provided on the rightmost mounting plate, and the first motor is connected to the light brush assembly through a belt, a lens assembly and an image acquisition module are provided below the second half-reflecting mirror, and the image acquisition module is located directly below the lens assembly, a black dot adjustment assembly is provided below the first half-reflecting mirror, an infrared ring light source is provided below the black dot adjustment assembly, and a light source assembly and a flash lamp tube assembly are provided below the infrared ring light source; a second motor is provided on the right side wall of the mounting plate located below the first half-reflecting mirror, and a black dot disk adjustment cylinder is provided between the inner walls of the two mounting plates. The upper end of the black dot disk adjustment cylinder is provided with a black dot disk adjustment cylinder rotation thread and a black dot disk adjustment cylinder multi-screw inner thread. A black dot disk adjustment cylinder fixing block is provided on the left side of the black dot disk adjustment cylinder. The black dot disk adjustment cylinders are symmetrically arranged. The black dot disk adjustment cylinder rotation thread on the rightmost black dot disk adjustment cylinder is connected to the output end of the second motor, and a black dot disk adjustment cylinder fixing block is also provided on the right side of the rightmost black dot disk adjustment cylinder; two lenses are provided between the two black dot disk adjustment cylinders, and a black dot disk is provided between the two lenses; a flash lamp through hole is provided at the bottom of the infrared ring light source.

2. The automatic bleaching therapeutic instrument for eccentric fixation amblyopia correction guided by a light brush according to claim 1, characterized in that: a switch button is further provided on the housing.

3. The automatic bleaching therapeutic instrument for eccentric fixation amblyopia correction guided by a light brush according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flash lamp tube assembly is composed of a flash lamp tube fixing clip and a flash lamp tube body located on the flash lamp tube fixing clip, and its position corresponds to the position of the flash lamp through hole.

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