Airway switching device of sputum expectoration machine and sputum expectoration system

Abstract

The present invention provides an air path switching device for a sputum expectoration machine and a sputum expectoration system. The air path switching device of the sputum expectoration machine of the present invention includes a housing and a valve core. A chamber is formed inside the housing. The valve core is movably arranged in the chamber and can be switched between a first valve position, a second valve position and a third valve position under the drive of an external force. Among them, an air inlet, an air outlet, a patient communication port and an external communication port are provided on the housing; the valve core includes a body, a partition plate and an exhaust port through hole arranged on the body. The partition plate divides the chamber into multiple sub-chambers; in different valve positions, the exhaust port through hole or the sub-chamber can achieve the conduction between different communication ports to achieve the purpose of air path switching in different modes of the sputum expectoration machine. The air path switching device of the sputum expectoration machine of the present invention uses the sub-chamber as the communication channel between different communication ports, ensuring the smoothness of gas flow and having a gas buffering effect; the entire air path switching device has a simple and efficient structure, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the sputum expectoration machine.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application with the application date of January 18, 2022, the application number of 2022100555334, and the title of "Airway Switching Device and Sputum Expectorating System of a Sputum Expectorator". Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to an airway switching device of a sputum expectorator. In addition, the present invention also relates to a sputum expectorating system. Background Art

[0003] Coughing is one of the important defense mechanisms of the human body, preventing harmful substances such as poisonous gases and bacteria or various foreign bodies from entering the airway; by discharging the inhaled foreign bodies or airway secretions outside the airway, the airway is kept unobstructed at all times.

[0004] For healthy people, breathing and coughing are basic functions; for some critically ill patients, when their respiratory systems are impaired, both basic breathing functions and coughing are difficult to complete autonomously. For example, in cases of low cough function such as patients with radiculopathy or restrictive lung disease accompanied by respiratory muscle paralysis symptoms, it is possible to cause pneumonia due to foreign substances or dyspnea symptoms due to airway blockage by secretions. At this time, it is necessary to rely on respiratory assistive medical devices such as sputum expectorators for medical assistance.

[0005] At the same time, the human lung, as a natural mechanism for cleaning mucus, has small cleaning cilia that vibrate at approximately 18 Hz. At this frequency, the mucus has a significant phase change from viscous to flowing to thinner secretions. Therefore, the cilia work by causing the phase change of the mucus to make it more fluid, thereby loosening the mucus. Once the mucus becomes more fluid, it can be discharged more easily. Therefore, in the design and research and development of sputum expectorators, in addition to considering assisting patients in inhaling and exhaling gases, it is also necessary to consider that intrapulmonary oscillatory ventilation can support the flow of patients' secretions to promote the discharge of sputum.

[0006] Existing sputum expectorators basically include a stop mode, an inhalation mode, and an exhalation mode. In the stop mode, the airflow of the sputum expectorator is separated from the patient's respiratory assistance, and the patient directly breathes to complete the gas exchange between their own respiratory organs and the external atmosphere. In the inhalation mode, the sputum expectorator gives the patient's respiratory organs a certain pressure of gas to assist the patient in completing gas inhalation. In the exhalation mode, the sputum expectorator forms a certain negative pressure pumping effect on the patient's respiratory organs to assist the patient in completing gas exhalation.

[0007] As can be seen, the internal air circuit of the expectorant requires switching between different modes using different connection methods. Therefore, the internal air circuit structure and switching method of the expectorant are the core technical content of the expectorant. To achieve this, most existing expectorants have complex air circuit switching structures and control systems. This results in high manufacturing costs and complex manufacturing processes, thereby increasing medical costs.

[0008] At the same time, due to the complex structure of the internal air path, the air flow path becomes longer, which easily leads to large flow loss. In addition, in order to make the respiratory airflow produce a high-frequency oscillation effect, a high-frequency oscillation device needs to be added based on the existing complex air path switching structure, which further increases the difficulty of designing and manufacturing the cough machine. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an air path switching device for an expectorant, so as to provide an air path switching structure of an expectorant with a relatively simple structure, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the expectorant.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0011] An air path switching device for an expectorant is provided in the expectorant and communicates between the expectorant's blower and a patient's respiratory organs. The air path switching device comprises a housing and a valve core, wherein the housing defines a chamber. The valve core is movably disposed within the chamber and is capable of switching between a first valve position, a second valve position, and a third valve position under external force. The housing is provided with an air inlet for communicating with the outlet of the blower, an air outlet for communicating with the inlet of the blower, a patient communication port for communicating with the patient's respiratory organs, and an external communication port for communicating with the external atmosphere.

[0012] The valve core includes a main body, and a partition and an exhaust port conducting hole provided on the main body, the partition divides the chamber into a plurality of sub-chambers; when in the first valve position, the exhaust port conducting hole is connected between the air inlet and the exhaust port, and the patient communication port and the external communication port are connected through one of the sub-chambers; when in the second valve position, the air inlet and the patient communication port are connected through one of the sub-chambers, and the external communication port and the exhaust port are connected through another sub-chamber; when in the third valve position, the air inlet and the external communication port are connected through one of the sub-chambers, and the patient communication port and the exhaust port are connected through another sub-chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the shell is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the valve core moves within the chamber along the length direction of the shell; the air inlet, the patient connection port and the external connection port are arranged at intervals on one side of the shell in the width direction, and the exhaust port is arranged on the other side of the shell in the width direction.

[0014] Further, the body abuts against the inner wall on the side where the exhaust port is located, and a conduction part, a first partition board and a second partition board extend from the body towards the inner wall on the other side; the exhaust port conduction hole is penetratively arranged in the body and the conduction part; the sub-chambers include a third sub-chamber between the first partition board and the second partition board, and a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber on both sides of the valve core, and the conduction part is located in the third sub-chamber; in the first valve position, the patient communication port and the external communication port are conducted through the third sub-chamber; in the second valve position, the air inlet and the patient communication port are conducted through the third sub-chamber, and the external communication port and the exhaust port are conducted through the second sub-chamber; in the third valve position, the air inlet and the external communication port are conducted through the third sub-chamber, and the patient communication port and the exhaust port are conducted through the first sub-chamber.

[0015] Further, the housing is in a cylindrical shape, and the valve core rotates and moves around the axis of the housing in the chamber; the air inlet, the patient communication port and the external communication port are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the housing, and the exhaust port is opened at the bottom of the housing.

[0016] Further, the body abuts against the bottom of the chamber, and a conduction part, a first partition board and a second partition board extend from the body upwards; the exhaust port conduction hole is penetratively arranged on the body, and conducts the first sub-chamber between the first partition board and the second partition board and the exhaust port; a sub-chamber conduction hole is opened on the conduction part, and the sub-chamber conduction hole conducts the sub-chambers on both sides of the conduction part to form a second sub-chamber; in the first valve position, the air inlet and the exhaust port are conducted through the first sub-chamber, and the patient communication port and the external communication port are conducted through the second sub-chamber; in the second valve position, the air inlet and the patient communication port are conducted through the second sub-chamber, and the external communication port and the exhaust port are conducted through the first sub-chamber; in the third valve position, the air inlet and the external communication port are conducted through the second sub-chamber, and the patient communication port and the exhaust port are conducted through the first sub-chamber.

[0017] Further, the conduction part, the first partition board and the second partition board are evenly distributed at intervals around the axis of the housing.

[0018] Further, the air path switching device further includes a motor for driving the valve core to move and switch between the three valve positions.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The air path switching device of the expectoration machine of the present invention is provided with communication ports for connecting the inlet and outlet of the fan, the external atmosphere and the patient's respiratory organs on a housing, and uses the valve core in the chamber to achieve the purpose of air path switching in different modes of the expectoration machine. The overall structure is simple and efficient. The sub-chambers separated by the partition on the valve core serve as the communication channels between different communication ports, ensuring the smoothness of gas flow and having a gas buffering effect, which is beneficial to maintaining the working performance of the expectoration machine. The entire air path switching device has a relatively simple structure, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the expectoration machine.

[0021] A cuboid-shaped housing is adopted, and the switching between different valve positions is achieved by a linearly moving valve core, making the overall structure of the air path switching device regular and concise, facilitating construction and processing. Through the first partition and the second partition on the body, the chamber is divided into three sub-chambers, which are used to conduct different communication ports at different valve positions of the valve core, and the exhaust port guide hole in the conduction part conducts the air inlet and the exhaust port at the first valve position; thus, a structural and easy-to-process construction scheme of the air path switching device is provided.

[0022] A cylindrical-shaped housing is adopted, and the switching between different valve positions is achieved by a rotatably moving valve core, which also has the characteristics of regular and concise structure and easy construction and processing. The exhaust port is arranged at the bottom of the housing, facilitating connection and assembly with the fan. Through the conduction part, the first partition and the second partition on the valve core, the chamber is divided into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber. The exhaust port guide hole is opened on the disc-shaped body and is located in the first sub-chamber, which can maintain the communication state between the first sub-chamber and the exhaust port. Furthermore, by rotating the valve core, the channel switching between different communication ports can be conveniently achieved. The overall structure is compact and standardized, which is beneficial to reducing the overall external dimensions of the air path switching device.

[0023] In addition, a motor is used to drive the valve core, which is convenient to be equipped and is beneficial to the driving control of the valve core.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to propose an expectoration system, including an expectoration machine; the expectoration machine has a blowing unit and a microcomputer processing unit for controlling the blowing unit to switch between the stop mode, the inhalation mode and the exhalation mode of the expectoration machine; a fan is provided in the blowing unit, and the air path switching device of the expectoration machine of the present invention; the first valve position, the second valve position and the third valve position of the valve core respectively correspond to the stop mode, the inhalation mode and the exhalation mode.

[0025] Furthermore, a high-frequency oscillation device is connected in parallel with the air path switching device between the inlet and the outlet of the fan.

[0026] Further, the expectoration system further includes an auxiliary breathing device; the auxiliary breathing device can be filled with gas during the exhalation mode to apply a set pressure to the chest part outside the patient's body.

[0027] For the expectoration system of the present invention, an air path switching device of the expectoration machine of the present invention is provided in the expectoration machine of the expectoration system, and it has the technical advantages possessed by the above-mentioned air path switching device.

[0028] Meanwhile, by arranging a high-frequency oscillation device in parallel between the inlet and outlet of the fan, a high-frequency oscillation effect is formed on the air flow during the inhalation and exhalation modes, so as to improve the effect of assisting the patient to expectorate sputum; the separate setting of the high-frequency oscillation device has the advantages of being convenient for configuration, installation, maintenance and replacement.

[0029] In addition, in cooperation with the breathing and expectoration assistance functions of the expectoration machine, an auxiliary breathing device that cooperates with the expectoration machine is added to the expectoration system, which can apply pressure to the patient's chest when the patient exhales, thus facilitating the expectoration of sputum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention. The front-back, up-down and other orientation words involved only represent relative positional relationships and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air path switching device of the expectoration machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a disassembled structure schematic diagram of the air path switching device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air path switching device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the valve core is in the second valve position;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air path switching device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the valve core is in the third valve position;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air path switching device of the expectoration machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a disassembled structure schematic diagram of the air path switching device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air path switching device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention when the valve core is in the second valve position;

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas path switching device described in the second embodiment of the present invention when the valve core is in the third valve position;

[0039] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the expectoration system described in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of another layout form of the high-frequency oscillation device described in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0042] 1. Blowing unit; 10. Fan; 11. High-frequency oscillation device; 12. First filtering device;

[0043] 2. Microcomputer processing unit; 20. Human-machine interface; 200. Processor; 201. Button module; 202. Blood oxygen module; 203. Wired / wireless communication module; 204. Button / switch; 205. Blood oxygen device; 206. Host computer; 211. Flow rate acquisition and processing module; 212. Pressure acquisition and processing module; 213. Pressure and flow rate measurement device; 214. Temperature acquisition and processing module; 22. Drive control unit; 23. Indication module; 241. Storage module; 242. Storage medium; 25. Heat dissipation system; 26. Power supply unit; 260. Battery; 261. AC / DC conversion module;

[0044] 30. Patient's respiratory organ; 300. Auxiliary device; 301. Second filtering device; 31. Outside the patient; 310. Auxiliary breathing device; 32. Sputum collection device; 33. Atomization unit;

[0045] 4. External atmosphere;

[0046] 5. External power supply system; 50. Mains electricity; 51. Voltage stabilization system;

[0047] 6. Gas path switching device; 60. Housing; 600. Chamber; 600a. First sub-chamber; 600b. Second sub-chamber; 600c. Third sub-chamber; 601. Air inlet; 602. Exhaust port; 603. Patient connection port; 604. External connection port; 61. Valve core; 610. Body; 611. Conducting part; 612. First partition; 613. Second partition; 614. Exhaust port through hole; 615. Sub-chamber through hole;

[0048] 7. Expectoration machine. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms indicating orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "back", etc. appear, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention; if terms such as "first", "second", etc. appear, they are also only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or even the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific situations.

[0052] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] This embodiment relates to an air path switching device of a sputum expectoration machine, which has the characteristics of relatively simple structure and easy construction, and is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the sputum expectoration machine 7. An exemplary structure thereof is as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0055] Generally speaking, the air path switching device of the sputum expectoration machine is arranged in the sputum expectoration machine 7 and is connected between the blower 10 of the sputum expectoration machine 7 and the patient's respiratory organ 30. The air path switching device 6 includes a housing 60 and a valve core 61; wherein, a chamber 600 is formed in the housing 60, and the valve core 61 is movably arranged in the chamber 600 and can be switched between a first valve position, a second valve position and a third valve position under the drive of an external force.

[0056] The housing 60 is provided with an air inlet 601 for connecting to the outlet of the blower 10, an exhaust port 602 for connecting to the inlet of the blower 10, a patient connection port 603 for connecting to the patient's respiratory organ 30, and an external connection port 604 for connecting to the external atmosphere 4. The valve core 61 includes a main body 610, as well as a partition plate and an exhaust port through hole 614 arranged on the main body 610, and the partition plate divides the chamber 600 into a plurality of sub-chambers.

[0057] When the valve core 61 is located at the first valve position, the exhaust port conduction hole 614 is connected between the air inlet 601 and the exhaust port 602, and the patient communication port 603 and the external communication port 604 are connected through a sub-chamber; when the valve core 61 is located at the second valve position, the air inlet 601 and the patient communication port 603 are connected through a sub-chamber, and the external communication port 604 and the exhaust port 602 are connected through another sub-chamber; when the valve core 61 is located at the third valve position, the air inlet 601 and the external communication port 604 are connected through a sub-chamber, and the patient communication port 603 and the exhaust port 602 are connected through another sub-chamber.

[0058] Based on the above design concept, the gas path switching device of this embodiment mainly includes two parts: a housing 60 and a valve core 61 .

[0059] Obviously, based on the above-mentioned overall design ideas and principles, the shell 60 and the valve core 61 can adopt a variety of different structural forms. In this embodiment, the shell 60 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the valve core 61 moves in the chamber 600 along the length direction of the shell 60. At the same time, the air inlet 601, the patient communication port 603 and the external communication port 604 are arranged at intervals on one side of the shell 60 in the width direction. The three are preferably arranged at equal distances. From left to right, the patient communication port 603, the air inlet 601 and the exhaust port 602 are arranged in sequence. The exhaust port 602 of the shell 60 is arranged on the other side of the shell 60 in the width direction; and is preferably arranged directly opposite the air inlet 601. The rectangular shell 60 is adopted, and the switching between different valve positions is achieved by the linearly moving valve core 61, so that the overall structure of the air path switching device 6 is regular and concise, and is easy to construct and process.

[0060] Based on the general configuration described above, the valve core 61 can be designed in a variety of structural forms. In this embodiment, the valve core 61 is generally "door"-shaped, abutting against all four inner walls of the housing 60 in both the width and height directions to block airflow. The body 610 of the valve core 61 abuts against the inner wall on the side where the exhaust port 602 is located. A guide portion 611, a first partition 612, and a second partition 613 extend from the body 610 toward the inner wall on the other side. An exhaust port guide hole 614 extends through the body 610 and the guide portion 611. The sub-cavities include a third sub-cavity 600c located between the first partition 612 and the second partition 613, and a first sub-cavity 600a and a second sub-cavity 600b located on either side of the valve core 61. The guide portion 611 is located within the third sub-cavity 600c. The guide portion 611 is preferably cylindrical and ensures that the chamber spaces of the third sub-cavity 600c on either side of it are connected.

[0061] Through the above settings, combined with Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, when the valve core 61 is in the first valve position at the middle position, the exhaust port guide through hole 614, the air inlet 601, and the exhaust port 602 are aligned, so that the air inlet 601 and the exhaust port 602 are communicated through the exhaust port guide through hole 614; the patient communication port 603 and the external communication port 604 are communicated through the third sub-chamber 600c.

[0062] When the valve core 61 is in the second valve position at the left end position within the chamber 600, the air inlet 601 and the patient communication port 603 are communicated through the third sub-chamber 600c, and the external communication port 604 and the exhaust port 602 are communicated through the second sub-chamber 600b; when the valve core 61 is in the third valve position at the right end position within the chamber 600, the air inlet 601 and the external communication port 604 are communicated through the third sub-chamber 600c, and the patient communication port 603 and the exhaust port 602 are communicated through the first sub-chamber 600a.

[0063] Through the first partition 612 and the second partition 613 on the main body 610, the chamber 600 is divided into three sub-chambers, which are used to communicate different communication ports at different valve positions of the valve core 61, and the exhaust port guide through hole 614 in the conduction part 611 is used to communicate the air inlet 601 and the exhaust port 602 at the first valve position; thus, a structural and easy-to-process structural solution of the air path switching device 6 is provided.

[0064] In order to conveniently form the drive control of the valve core 61 and make it move and switch flexibly between the three valve positions, it is preferably to use a motor to give the valve core 61 a driving external force. Using a motor to drive the valve core 61 is convenient for configuration and is beneficial to the drive control of the valve core 61. For example, a linear motor can be used, and its linear motion is used to drive the valve core 61 to move; or, a voice coil motor can also be used.

[0065] In addition, in order to achieve the air flow oscillation effect of the sputum expectoration machine 7, a high-frequency oscillation motor can be set on the valve core 61. The high-frequency oscillation motor should select an existing product with a high-frequency oscillation frequency of 20 Hz to control the valve core 61 to oscillate and move slightly left and right at the second valve position and the third valve position; in this way, a high-frequency pumping action will be generated on the gas in the second sub-chamber 600b or the first sub-chamber 600a, so that the air flow exhaled or inhaled by the patient's respiratory organ 30 has an oscillation effect to enhance the auxiliary effect of sputum expectoration.

[0066] On the air path switching device, by driving the valve core 61 to move quickly and slightly to generate high-frequency oscillation, the fan 10 and the high-frequency oscillation generating component are in a series relationship; while the gas flows through the air path switching device, a high-frequency oscillation effect is generated and then flows into the air inlet of the fan 10; or it flows out from the air outlet of the fan 10 to the air path switching device, generates a high-frequency oscillation effect, and then is discharged from the air path switching device.

[0067] With the above settings, when the expectoration machine assists the patient in breathing, the oscillating airflow typically delivers a series of lower-amplitude gas bursts with high frequencies (2 to 20 Hz) to the lungs together with the therapeutic inhalation and exhalation airflows with a typical breathing rate. This results in internal oscillations of the lungs, which can greatly improve the mucus clearance and discharge effects.

[0068] The gas path switching device 6 of this embodiment greatly simplifies the gas path switching structure in the expectoration machine 7, has small air resistance loss, a small structural volume, and a sound-absorbing space, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the expectoration machine 7.

[0069] Embodiment Two

[0070] This embodiment also relates to a gas path switching device of an expectoration machine. The gas path switching device 6 of this embodiment is designed in accordance with the general principle of the present invention and also includes two parts: a housing 60 and a valve core 61; an exemplary structure thereof is as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0071] Specifically, the housing 60 of this embodiment is in a cylindrical shape, and the valve core 61 rotates and moves around the axis of the housing 60 within the chamber 600. The air inlet 601, the patient communication port 603, and the external communication port 604 are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the housing 60, and the exhaust port 602 is opened at the bottom of the housing 60. Using the cylindrical housing 60, the switching between different valve positions is achieved by the rotating and moving valve core 61, which also has the characteristics of regular and simple structure and is convenient for construction and processing; the exhaust port 602 is arranged at the bottom of the housing 60, which is convenient for connection and assembly with the fan 10.

[0072] Based on the above settings, the valve core 61 includes a disc-shaped body 610; the body 610 abuts against the bottom of the chamber 600, and a conduction part 611, a first partition 612, and a second partition 613 extend upward from the body 610. The exhaust port conduction hole 614 is penetratingly arranged on the body 610 and conducts the first sub-chamber 600a between the first partition 6 and the second partition 613 to the exhaust port 602; a sub-chamber conduction hole 615 is opened on the conduction part 611, and the sub-chamber conduction hole 615 conducts the sub-chambers on both sides of the conduction part 611 to form a second sub-chamber 600b.

[0073] Combined with Figure 7 、 Figure 8As shown, when the valve core 61 is in the first valve position, the air inlet 601 and the exhaust port 602 are conducted through the first sub-chamber 600a, and the patient connection port 603 and the external connection port 604 are conducted through the second sub-chamber 600b. When the valve core 61 rotates to the second valve position, the air inlet 601 and the patient connection port 603 are conducted through the second sub-chamber 600b, and the external connection port 604 and the exhaust port 602 are conducted through the first sub-chamber 600a. When the valve core 61 rotates to the third valve position, the air inlet 601 and the external connection port 604 are conducted through the second sub-chamber 600b, and the patient connection port 603 and the exhaust port 602 are conducted through the first sub-chamber 600a. Through the conduction part 611, the first partition 612 and the second partition 613 on the valve core 61, the chamber 600 is divided into a first sub-chamber 600a and a second sub-chamber 600b; the exhaust port conduction hole 614 is opened on the disc-shaped body 610 and is located in the first sub-chamber 600a, which can maintain the connection state between the first sub-chamber 600a and the exhaust port 602. Furthermore, by rotating the valve core 61, the channel switching between different connection ports can be conveniently realized; the overall structure is compact and standardized, which is beneficial to reducing the overall external dimension of the air path switching device 6.

[0074] Preferably, the conduction part 611, the first partition 612 and the second partition 613 are evenly distributed at intervals around the axis of the housing 60; that is, the intervals between the three are all 120°. In this way, it is convenient to manufacture the valve core 61, and the force between the valve core 61 and the inner wall of the chamber 600 is more balanced, which is beneficial to reducing the resistance of the valve core 61 rotating in the chamber 600.

[0075] The driving of the valve core 61 in this embodiment can be implemented with reference to the motor driving method of the valve core 61 in Embodiment 1, that is, the high-frequency oscillation setting method. The difference is that since the valve core 61 in this embodiment is a rotational motion, the driving motor should be a motor with a rotational driving form. For example, a stepper motor can be used and combined with an optical switch to locate different valve positions, which has the characteristic of simple driving; or, a brushless DC motor can be used and combined with a rotary encoder to locate different valve positions, which has the characteristic of faster response speed.

[0076] In summary, for the air path switching device of the expectoration machine in this embodiment, various connection ports for connecting the inlet and outlet of the fan 10, the external atmosphere 4 and the patient's respiratory organ 30 are provided on a housing 60, and the air path switching purpose of the expectoration machine 7 in different modes is realized by using the valve core 61 in the chamber 600. The overall structure is simple and efficient; the sub-chambers separated by the partitions on the valve core 61 serve as the connection channels between different connection ports, ensuring the smoothness of gas flow and having a gas buffering effect, which is beneficial to maintaining the working performance of the expectoration machine 7; the entire air path switching device 6 has a relatively simple structure, greatly simplifies the air path switching structure, has small air resistance loss, small structural volume, and has a sound-absorbing space, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the expectoration machine 7.

[0077] Embodiment III

[0078] This embodiment relates to a sputum expectoration system, and an exemplary system composition is as shown in Figure 9 the figure; the sputum expectoration system mainly includes a sputum expectoration machine 7, a heat dissipation system 25, a power supply unit 26, etc. Among them, the air blowing unit 1 and the microcomputer processing unit 2 are the main components of the sputum expectoration machine 7.

[0079] In this embodiment, the sputum expectoration machine 7 is provided with an air blowing unit 1 and a microcomputer processing unit 2 for controlling the air blowing unit 1 to switch between the stop mode, the inhalation mode, and the exhalation mode of the sputum expectoration machine 7. At the same time, the air blowing unit 1 is provided with a blower 10 and the air path switching device of the sputum expectoration machine provided in Embodiment I or Embodiment II; the first valve position, the second valve position, and the third valve position of the valve core 61 respectively correspond to the above-mentioned stop mode, inhalation mode, and exhalation mode.

[0080] It should be noted that for relatively mature medical devices, there are many existing ventilators and sputum expectoration machines. These devices generally use single-chip microcomputers, microprocessors, etc. as the microcomputer processing unit 2 for control. For the sputum expectoration machine 7 of this embodiment, the microcomputer processing unit 2 can refer to the configuration of the existing sputum expectoration machine, and its preferred configuration is generally as follows.

[0081] The microcomputer processing unit 2 includes a processor 200, a human-machine interface 20, and input, output, storage, and indicator lamp units. Among them, a pressure and flow measurement device 213 is preferably added to the air path output to the outside of the patient 31. The pressure and flow measurement device 213 transmits the collected signals to the processor 200 through the flow acquisition and processing module 211 and the pressure acquisition and processing module 212 of the microcomputer processing unit 2. A drive control unit 22 is provided on the output channel for driving and controlling the blower 10 and the high-frequency oscillation device 11. At the same time, a temperature acquisition and processing module 214 can be configured for the blower 10 to real-time monitor the self-temperature of the blower 10.

[0082] In addition to operating and displaying through the human-machine interface 20, the sputum expectoration machine 7 can also be configured with components such as indicator lamps and alarms. These components can be connected to the processor 200 through the indication module 23; for example, the beeping sound emitted by a buzzer alarm can be used to warn of abnormal operation of the sputum expectoration system or abnormal air pressure in the air path; the indicator lamp can use indicator lamps of different colors such as red and green to respectively display the normal and abnormal operation of the system; of course, these alarm messages can also be broadcast in voice form through the speaker equipped on the human-machine interface 20. The storage unit for storing the data of the sputum expectoration machine 7 includes a storage module 241 and an optional storage medium 242 for storing the relevant data information of the operation of the sputum expectoration system.

[0083] In addition, to expand the functions of the expectoration machine 7, a key module 201, a blood oxygen module 202, and a wired / wireless communication module 203 connected to the processor 200 can be configured for the expectoration machine 7. Among them, the key module 201 is connected to the key / switch 204 and is used for the simple operation of the expectoration machine 7. The blood oxygen module 202 is connected to the blood oxygen device 205 and is used to measure the patient's blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate, or receive the blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate transmitted from an external mature device. The wired / wireless communication module 203 can be externally connected to the host computer 206 to facilitate remote monitoring of the operation status of the expectoration system and store relevant data.

[0084] For the power supply configuration of the expectoration system, a power supply unit 26 can be configured for the system. The power supply unit 26 can be provided with two redundant power supply lines, namely a battery 260 and an AC / DC conversion module 261, to ensure the reliability of the system operation. Among them, the AC / DC conversion module 261 is connected to the external power supply system 5. The AC / DC conversion module 261 can be directly connected to the mains 50; preferably, it can also be connected to the mains 50 through a voltage stabilization system 51.

[0085] In addition, to ensure the operation stability of the power supply unit 26 and the microcomputer processing unit 2, a heat dissipation system 25 can be set in the system to cool the microcomputer processing unit 2 and the power supply unit 26. The power supply unit 26 preferably adopts an air-cooled method, which can be achieved by configuring a cooling fan.

[0086] Still referring to Figure 9 As shown, the above-mentioned air blowing unit 1 includes an air path switching device 6, a blower 10, and a high-frequency oscillation device 11. Among them, the external communication port 604 of the air blowing unit 1 is connected to the external atmosphere 4. Preferably, two parallel air paths are provided at the communication air path at this place. One is for air intake and is used in the inhalation mode; the other is for air exhaust and is used in the exhalation mode. A first filtering device 12 should be provided on the air intake air path used in the inhalation mode. The alternative use of the two air paths can be achieved by setting a one-way valve on the air path.

[0087] In addition, the patient communication port 603 in the air blowing unit 1 is connected to the patient's mouth and nose through a second filtering device 301 and an auxiliary device 300 to communicate with the patient's respiratory organ 30. The auxiliary device 300 can be a face mask, a tracheotomy tube, a laryngeal mask, a mouthpiece, etc. An atomization unit 33 can be added to the air path between the second filtering device 301 and the auxiliary device 300. A sputum collection device 32 should be added to the air path between the auxiliary device 300 and the patient's respiratory organ 30 to collect the expectorated sputum.

[0088] As Figure 10As shown in the figure, in order to facilitate the realization of a good oscillation effect, in addition to adding a high-frequency oscillation motor to the valve core 61, the following solution can also be adopted. That is, a high-frequency oscillation device 11 is connected in parallel with the gas path switching device 6 between the inlet and outlet of the fan 10; the high-frequency oscillation device 11 can be realized by using existing mature structures and products. By arranging the high-frequency oscillation device 11 in parallel between the inlet and outlet of the fan 10, a high-frequency oscillation effect is formed on the air flow in the inhalation and exhalation modes, so as to improve the effect of assisting the patient to cough up phlegm; the separate setting of the high-frequency oscillation device 11 has the advantages of being convenient for configuration, installation, maintenance and replacement.

[0089] In the above setting form, the gas path switching device only realizes gas path switching, and the high-frequency oscillation is separately realized by high-frequency oscillation devices 11 such as a relief valve, a voice coil motor, and a proportional valve. Here, the gas flows into the gas path switching device, and then simultaneously flows into the inlet of the fan 10 and the inlet of the high-frequency oscillation device 11, and flows out from the outlet of the fan 10 and the high-frequency oscillation device at the same time, so that the high-frequency oscillation device and the fan 10 are in a parallel relationship, and the same effect of making the air flow between the gas path switching device and the patient's respiratory organ 30 present high-frequency oscillation can be achieved.

[0090] In addition, to further improve the nursing effect of the system. In this embodiment, the sputum expectoration system further includes an assisted breathing device 310; the assisted breathing device 310 can be filled with gas in the exhalation mode to give a set pressure to the chest part 31 outside the patient. The assisted breathing device 310 can be a chest band, a vest, etc. provided with an airbag; cooperating with the breathing and sputum expectoration assistance functions of the sputum expectoration machine 7, adding an assisted breathing device 310 that cooperates with the sputum expectoration machine 7 to the sputum expectoration system can give pressure to the patient's chest when the patient exhales, so as to facilitate the expectoration of phlegm. For example, in the exhalation mode, the above-mentioned fan 10 or a separately provided inflation device can be used to inflate the airbag of the assisted breathing device 310 to form the auxiliary effects of exhalation and sputum expectoration.

[0091] In summary, the sputum expectoration system of the sputum expectoration machine in this embodiment is provided with the gas path switching device of the sputum expectoration machine of the present invention, and has the technical advantages possessed by the above-mentioned gas path switching device 6. The overall structure of the gas path switching device 6 is relatively simple, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the sputum expectoration machine 7. Moreover, the configuration function of the system is complete, with functions such as chest pressure-assisted exhalation and sputum expectoration, and is equipped with a sputum collection device 32, an atomization unit 33, etc., greatly improving the medical nursing performance and effect of the sputum expectoration system.

[0092] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air path switching device of a sputum expectoration machine is provided in the sputum expectoration machine (7) and is connected between the blower (10) of the sputum expectoration machine (7) and the patient's respiratory organ (30); characterized in that: The air path switching device (6) includes a housing (60) and a valve core (61). A chamber (600) is formed in the housing (60). The valve core (61) is movably arranged in the chamber (600) and can be switched between a first valve position, a second valve position and a third valve position under the drive of an external force. An air inlet (601) for connecting the outlet of the blower (10), an exhaust port (602) for connecting the inlet of the blower (10), a patient connection port (603) for connecting the patient's respiratory organ (30), and an external connection port (604) for connecting the external atmosphere (4) are provided on the housing (60). The valve core (61) includes a body (610), a partition plate and an exhaust port through hole (614) provided on the body (610). The partition plate divides the chamber (600) into multiple sub-chambers; The housing (60) is in a cuboid shape. The valve core (61) moves in the chamber (600) along the length direction of the housing (60). The air inlet (601), the patient connection port (603) and the external connection port (604) are arranged at intervals on one side in the width direction of the housing (60), and the exhaust port (602) is arranged on the other side in the width direction of the housing (60). The body (610) abuts against the inner wall on the side where the exhaust port (602) is located, and a conduction part (611), a first partition plate (612) and a second partition plate (613) extend from the body (610) towards the inner wall on the other side. The exhaust port through hole (614) is penetratively arranged in the body (610) and the conduction part (611). The sub-chambers include a third sub-chamber (600c) located between the first partition plate (612) and the second partition plate (613), and a first sub-chamber (600a) and a second sub-chamber (600b) located on both sides of the valve core (61). The conduction part (611) is located in the third sub-chamber (600c); In the first valve position, the patient connection port (603) and the external connection port (604) are conducted through the third sub-chamber (600c). In the second valve position, the air inlet (601) and the patient connection port (603) are conducted through the third sub-chamber (600c), and the external connection port (604) and the exhaust port (602) are conducted through the second sub-chamber (600b). In the third valve position, the air inlet (601) and the external connection port (604) are conducted through the third sub-chamber (600c), and the patient connection port (603) and the exhaust port (602) are conducted through the first sub-chamber (600a).

2. The air path switching device of the sputum expectoration machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conduction part (611), the first partition (612) and the second partition (613) are evenly distributed at intervals around the axis of the housing (60).

3. The air path switching device of the expectoration machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The air path switching device (6) further includes a motor for driving the valve core (61) to move and switch between three valve positions.

4. An expectoration system, comprising an expectoration machine (7); the expectoration machine (7) has a blowing unit (1) and a microcomputer processing unit (2) for controlling the blowing unit (1) to switch between a stop mode, an inhalation mode and an exhalation mode of the expectoration machine (7); characterized in that: The blowing unit (1) is provided with a blower (10) and the air path switching device of the expectoration machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3; the first valve position, the second valve position and the third valve position of the valve core (61) respectively correspond to the stop mode, the inhalation mode and the exhalation mode.

5. The expectoration system according to claim 4, wherein: A high-frequency oscillation device (11) connected in parallel with the air path switching device (6) is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the blower (10).

6. The expectoration system according to claim 4, wherein: The expectoration system further includes an auxiliary breathing device (310); the auxiliary breathing device (310) can be filled with gas during the exhalation mode to apply a set pressure to the chest part outside the patient's body (31).

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