Residual stress regulating device and regulating method

Abstract

This application provides a residual stress control device and method. The device includes: at least one high-energy acoustic beam array, which is used to inject ultrasonic waves into the weld of the workpiece to be controlled based on the weld toe state during the welding process, thereby controlling the stress generated during the welding process through the ultrasonic waves; wherein, the high-energy acoustic beam array includes multiple high-energy acoustic beam units arranged around the weld; and an amplitude transformer, which is assembled with the high-energy acoustic beam units one-to-one through a vent flange, used to focus the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam units into the workpiece to be controlled, and also to slow down the temperature rise rate of the high-energy acoustic beam units. The residual stress control device provided by this application, in addition to its simple structure, easy operation, and low cost, also has a good control effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of materials performance technology, and in particular to a residual stress control device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys possess excellent mechanical properties, processing performance, and corrosion resistance, and have been widely used in the manufacturing of large-scale advanced equipment such as armored vehicles, turrets, aircraft, and spacecraft. However, during the welding process of large aluminum alloy thick plate (generally thicker than 20mm) boxes (or shells), the large heat input and the high oxidation and thermal conductivity of aluminum alloys themselves can cause uneven temperature fields and local overheating, which in turn can generate large residual welding stress and stress concentration, and even defects, resulting in poor weld joint performance.

[0003] However, traditional methods such as heat treatment and ultrasonic impaction generally reduce residual stress after welding, thus their effect on reducing residual stress is limited. In addition, conventional stress reduction devices, especially for stress reduction in large and complex devices, are large and complex, resulting in high costs and operational difficulties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems of the prior art, this application provides a residual stress control device and control method, which controls the residual stress generated during the welding process, thereby achieving a good control effect. In addition, the control device provided by this application has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has a low cost.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a residual stress control device, comprising: at least one high-energy acoustic beam array, wherein the high-energy acoustic beam array is used to inject ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled based on the weld toe state during the welding process, and to control the stress generated during the welding process through the ultrasonic waves; wherein the high-energy acoustic beam array includes a plurality of high-energy acoustic beam units, the plurality of high-energy acoustic beam units being arranged around the weld; and an amplitude transformer, wherein the amplitude transformer is assembled with the high-energy acoustic beam units one-to-one through a vent flange, and is used to focus the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam units into the workpiece to be controlled, and also to slow down the temperature rise rate of the high-energy acoustic beam units.

[0006] As described above, the residual stress control device provided in this application features a high-energy acoustic beam array. The high-energy acoustic beam has a large coverage area, and the high-energy acoustic beam generated by the high-energy acoustic beam unit, with its specific power and directionality, helps to reduce or even eliminate porosity and other defects near the weld, thus ensuring good overall weld quality. Furthermore, from a microscopic perspective, through the energy focusing adjustment of the high-energy acoustic beam unit in the high-energy acoustic beam array, the material texture of the weld heat-affected zone is uniform and fine, with better grain density, achieving the restoration of a stable and ordered lattice arrangement, thereby controlling the time-dependent stress. In addition, the residual stress control device provided in this application also includes an amplitude transformer, which focuses the ultrasonic waves, allowing the focused energy to be injected into the workpiece to be controlled, enhancing the control effect. Moreover, due to the characteristics of the amplitude transformer material, its heat loss is slow and its heat dissipation is poor, thus effectively controlling the temperature rise rate of the upper high-energy acoustic beam unit, thereby playing a certain role in temperature control.

[0007] As one implementation of the first aspect, the high-energy sound beam unit includes: an ultrasonic transducer, an air hole disposed at the input end of the ultrasonic transducer, and an air source unit connected to the air hole via an air pipe; compressed air is introduced into the ultrasonic transducer through the air source unit, the air pipe, and the air hole to cool the ultrasonic transducer.

[0008] As described above, by introducing compressed air from the air source unit into the ultrasonic transducer through air pipes and air holes, the ultrasonic transducer can be cooled during operation, thereby increasing the working time of the ultrasonic transducer.

[0009] As one implementation of the first aspect, it also includes: a non-metallic shell disposed around the ultrasonic vibrator.

[0010] As described above, by setting a non-metallic shell around the ultrasonic vibrator, it is possible to prevent metal welds from splashing onto the piezoelectric crystal of the ultrasonic vibrator during the welding process, thereby preventing safety issues such as short circuits. The non-metallic shell serves as insulation and protection.

[0011] As one implementation of the first aspect, it further includes: a central controller and a power ultrasonic power supply; the central controller and the power ultrasonic power supply are communicatively connected, and the central controller is used to send a power control command to the power ultrasonic power supply according to the welding toe state; the power ultrasonic power supply is connected to the high-energy acoustic beam unit in a one-to-one correspondence, and is used to provide a target power to the high-energy acoustic beam unit according to the received power control command.

[0012] As described above, by connecting the power ultrasonic power supplies one-to-one with the high-energy acoustic beam units, it is possible to control each high-energy acoustic beam unit separately, and to control each power ultrasonic power supply through the central controller, thus realizing the group control of the power ultrasonic power supplies.

[0013] As one implementation of the first aspect, it also includes: a welding fixture, which is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the amplitude transformer, for pressing the high-energy sound beam unit against the surface of the workpiece to be regulated.

[0014] As described above, by using welding fixtures that correspond one-to-one with the amplitude transformers, and by setting the amplitude transformers and high-energy acoustic beam units one-to-one, the amplitude transformers and high-energy acoustic beam units can be pressed against the surface of the workpiece to be regulated, so that the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam units can be injected into the interior of the workpiece to be regulated as much as possible.

[0015] As one implementation of the first aspect, a coupling agent is provided between the high-energy acoustic beam unit and the workpiece to be regulated, for injecting the ultrasonic waves into the workpiece to be regulated without loss.

[0016] As shown above, the loss of ultrasound waves can be reduced by using a coupling agent.

[0017] The second aspect of this application provides a method for residual stress regulation using the device described in the first aspect, comprising: determining the arrangement position of high-energy acoustic beam units in a high-energy acoustic beam array according to the shape and structure of the workpiece to be regulated, and pressing the high-energy acoustic beam units at the arrangement position using a welding fixture; welding the workpiece to be regulated using a welding device, wherein during the welding process, the high-energy acoustic beam units inject ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be regulated according to the weld toe state, and regulating the stress generated during the welding process using the ultrasonic waves; and controlling the air source unit in the device to turn on, and introducing compressed air into the high-energy acoustic beam units to cool the high-energy acoustic beam units.

[0018] As one implementation of the second aspect, during the welding process, the high-energy acoustic beam unit injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled according to the state of the weld toe, including: when the weld toe is a high-temperature solid, the high-energy acoustic beam unit at the corresponding position injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled.

[0019] As a second aspect of implementation, it also includes: real-time monitoring of the temperature of the high-energy sound beam unit, and controlling the device to stop working when the temperature exceeds a preset value.

[0020] As a second aspect of implementation, it also includes: after the welding is completed, continuing to regulate the workpiece to be regulated for a preset time through the device.

[0021] The effectiveness of this aspect can be compared with the beneficial effects of each item in the first aspect above.

[0022] These and other aspects of this application will become more apparent in the description of the following embodiments(s). Attached Figure Description

[0023] The various technical features of this application and their relationships will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are exemplary; some technical features are not shown to scale, and some drawings may omit technical features commonly used in the art to which this application pertains that are not essential for understanding and implementing this application, or additionally show technical features that are not essential for understanding and implementing this application. In other words, the combination of various technical features shown in the drawings is not intended to limit this application. Furthermore, throughout this application, the same reference numerals refer to the same things. Specific descriptions of the drawings are as follows:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a residual stress control device installed on a rectangular box-shaped workpiece to be controlled, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a residual stress control device installed on a workpiece to be controlled in an annular box, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3a A front view of the structure of a high-energy acoustic beam unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3b A perspective view of a high-energy acoustic beam unit provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 A flowchart of a residual stress control method provided in this application embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 A comparison diagram of the stress after stress regulation based on the control device provided in this application embodiment and the conventional welding stress. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application provide a residual stress control device and control method. Since these technical solutions solve the problem in the same or similar way, some repeated parts may not be described again in the following description of specific embodiments, but it should be regarded as that these specific embodiments have referenced each other and can be combined with each other.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0033] The following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a residual stress control device provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, this residual stress control device is generally applied to components such as large and complex boxes or shells. In some embodiments, "large and complex" generally refers to components welded together from multiple large aluminum alloy plates. In this embodiment, a large box-like structure is used as an example to illustrate the process.

[0034] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a residual stress control device according to an embodiment of this application. The residual stress control device 10 includes a high-energy acoustic beam array 100 and an amplitude transformer 200. The number of high-energy acoustic beam arrays 100 is determined by the size and shape of the workpiece m to be controlled. That is, the number of high-energy acoustic beam arrays 100 is at least one set. Figure 1 The high-energy acoustic beam array 100 shown consists of two groups: the first group is 100a located on one side of the weld s, and the second group is 100b located on the other side of the weld s.

[0035] The high-energy acoustic beam array 100 will be introduced first below.

[0036] The high-energy acoustic beam array 100 includes a plurality of high-energy acoustic beam elements 110 arranged around the weld. For example: for Figure 1 For the rectangular box-shaped workpiece m to be controlled, the high-energy acoustic beam units 110 should be arranged linearly along both sides of the weld s. For example: Figure 2 For the annular box-shaped workpiece n to be controlled, the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 should be arranged circumferentially or around the weld seam s. It should be understood that, regardless of the shape of the workpiece to be controlled, the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 needs to be arranged in the heat-affected zone of the weld seam.

[0037] In some embodiments, the high-energy acoustic beam array 100 is used to inject ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled during the welding process based on the state of the weld toe, thereby controlling the stress generated during the welding process through the ultrasonic waves. Specifically: when the weld toe is in a high-temperature solid state (i.e., in a high-temperature solid state but not in a non-molten state), the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 at the corresponding position injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled, thereby influencing the growth of grains through the injected ultrasonic waves, thereby achieving stress control.

[0038] like Figure 3a The diagram shows a front view of the high-energy acoustic beam unit. Figure 3b This is a three-dimensional view of a high-energy acoustic beam unit 110. The high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 includes an ultrasonic transducer 111, an air vent 112, and an air source unit 113. The air source unit 113 and the air vent 112 are connected by an air guide tube. Compressed air supplied by the air source unit 113 is introduced into the ultrasonic transducer 111 through this air guide tube, thereby cooling the ultrasonic transducer. Specifically, from... Figure 3a and Figure 3b It can also be seen that the amplitude rod 200 and the high-energy sound beam unit 110 are connected by a vent flange 700.

[0039] In this embodiment, the air source unit 113 may include an air compressor to generate compressed air.

[0040] In this embodiment, the airflow speed can be adjusted by installing a valve at the air inlet of the air hole 112, the air outlet of the air source unit 113, or the air pipe.

[0041] In some embodiments, the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 may further include a non-metallic housing 114 disposed around the ultrasonic vibrator 111 to prevent metal slag from splashing during the welding process, thereby ensuring the safety of the welding.

[0042] The amplitude transformer 200 will be described next. The amplitude transformer 200 and the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 are assembled one-to-one via the vent flange 700.

[0043] In some embodiments, the amplitude rod 200 is made of titanium alloy.

[0044] The amplitude transformer 200 mainly serves two functions: focusing and heat insulation. Focusing involves directing the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 onto the workpiece to be controlled. Heat insulation is achieved because the amplitude transformer 200 is made of titanium alloy, which has low thermal conductivity and therefore poor heat dissipation. This allows for better control of the temperature rise of the upper high-energy acoustic beam unit 110, meaning the amplitude transformer is used to slow down the rate of temperature rise of the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110.

[0045] It should be understood that since the amplitude transformer 200 and the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 are assembled in a one-to-one correspondence, their contact surfaces should be sized and shaped to match. Furthermore, the other side of the amplitude transformer 200 contacts the workpiece to be measured, so their contact surfaces should also be sized and shaped to match.

[0046] In some embodiments, the residual stress control device 10 may further include a central controller 300, a power ultrasonic power supply 400, and a communication module 500.

[0047] In one implementation, the central controller 300 and the power ultrasonic power supply 400 are connected via a communication module 500, with each power ultrasonic power supply 400 corresponding to a high-energy acoustic beam unit 110. The central controller 300 sends power control commands to the power ultrasonic power supply 400 based on the welding status, and the power ultrasonic power supply 400 provides the corresponding power to the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 according to the received power control commands, thereby controlling the on / off state, operating frequency, and / or power of each high-energy acoustic beam unit 110. Generally, the operating frequency of a single high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 is 10kHz to 40kHz, and the operating power of a single high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 is 100W to 200W.

[0048] For example, the number of central controllers 300 is 1, and the number of power ultrasonic power supplies 400 corresponds to the number of high-energy acoustic beam units 110. Therefore, the central controller can control the on-state, working frequency, working power, etc. of multiple power ultrasonic power supplies 400, and thus control the on-state, working frequency, working power, etc. of multiple high-energy acoustic beam units 110, thereby realizing the group control function of multiple high-energy acoustic beam units 110.

[0049] In some embodiments, the central controller 300 can not only control the multi-channel high-energy sound beam unit 110, but also receive the welding toe status, the surface temperature of the workpiece to be regulated, the temperature of the amplitude transformer, etc. in real time, so as to make regulation decisions.

[0050] In some embodiments, the residual stress control device 10 may further include a welding fixture 600, which is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the amplitude transformer 200, for pressing the high-energy sound beam unit 110 against the surface of the workpiece to be controlled.

[0051] In some embodiments, to ensure that the ultrasonic waves emitted by the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 are injected into the workpiece to be controlled with minimal loss and perpendicularly, a coupling agent may be provided between the high-energy acoustic beam unit 110 and the workpiece to be controlled. As one implementation, the coupling agent may be high-temperature blue oil or sound-permeable rubber, etc.

[0052] Another embodiment of this application provides a residual stress control method, such as... Figure 4 The flowchart shown illustrates that the control method includes steps S410-S430, specifically:

[0053] S410: Determine the arrangement position of the high-energy sound beam unit in the high-energy sound beam array according to the shape and structure of the workpiece to be controlled, and press the high-energy sound beam unit into the arrangement position by means of welding fixture.

[0054] Before this step, the workpiece to be controlled (e.g., an aluminum alloy plate box with a thickness greater than 20mm) can be placed on the welding work platform, and then the surface of the aluminum alloy base material in the inspection area of ​​the workpiece to be controlled can be polished with a grinding wheel. The welding work platform can be referenced from [reference needed]. Figure 1 The area indicated by r. The area being inspected is the heat-affected zone near the weld toe.

[0055] In this step, a layout scheme for the high-energy acoustic beam units in the high-energy acoustic beam array is formulated based on the dimensions and structure of the workpiece m to be controlled (in this embodiment, an aluminum alloy thick plate box with a thickness greater than 20mm). Then, the high-energy acoustic beam units are arranged at the corresponding positions of the workpiece m to be controlled according to the layout scheme. For example, as... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, two sets of high-energy acoustic beam arrays are arranged along the weld seam at position s. Each set of high-energy acoustic beam arrays includes N high-energy acoustic beam units. Figure 1 The control device shown contains 2N high-energy acoustic beam units. Next, the workpiece m to be controlled is securely mounted on the welding fixture, and the high-energy acoustic beam units and the amplitude transformer are pressed onto the workpiece in sequence using the welding fixture. Before pressing, a coupling agent should be applied or pasted between the high-energy acoustic beam units and the workpiece to be controlled.

[0056] S420: The workpiece to be controlled is welded by a welding device. During the welding process, the high-energy acoustic beam unit injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled according to the weld toe state, and the stress generated during the welding process is controlled by the ultrasonic waves.

[0057] Prior to this step, the motion trajectory of the welding device (e.g., welding torch) is determined based on the arrangement of the high-energy acoustic beam units, the weld location, and the shape and structure of the workpiece to be controlled. For example, the welding device is composed of... Figure 1 The text begins at position (1) and ends at position (N).

[0058] In this step, when the welding device is used to weld the workpiece to be controlled from position (1) to position (N), 2N high-energy acoustic beam units are turned on in sequence to achieve their cooperation with the welding device, so that the residual stress can be controlled by ultrasound during the welding process.

[0059] As one implementation method, the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam unit can be injected into the workpiece to be controlled sequentially according to a time-constrained pattern. Specifically:

[0060] At time Ti, when welding is underway at position (i), the high-energy acoustic beam unit at position (i) can be controlled within a small power range (0 to W0) or not controlled at all. Once the weld at position (i) solidifies and is cooling (i.e., the weld toe at position (i) is in a high-temperature solid state), the operating power of the corresponding high-energy acoustic beam unit at position (i) can be turned on or increased (e.g., (W1 to W2), where W1 is much greater than W0) to regulate the stress at position (i). In this embodiment, when the welding torch leaves the corresponding welding position (i.e., welding at the corresponding point ends), the corresponding high-energy acoustic beam unit can continue to control the position within a large power range until the effective control time ends. The effective control time is the difference between the total control time and the time the control system is in the off state.

[0061] As another implementation method, the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam unit can be injected into the workpiece to be controlled sequentially according to the spatial position constraint pattern. Specifically:

[0062] First, obtain the horizontal coordinate (x, y) of the welding torch (or the molten pool below) in the coordinate system. mi y mi ) and the location point of the high-energy sound beam unit (x) ni y ni The real-time correspondence of (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) is used to control the activation state and operating power of each high-energy sound beam unit. Specifically, the central controller monitors the real-time correspondence of the above coordinates in real time. If (x... mi y mi ) and (x ni y ni If the weld at position (i) overlaps with the weld at position (i), the high-energy acoustic beam unit at that position can be controlled within a small power range (0 to W0) or not controlled at all. Once the weld at position (i) has solidified and is cooling (i.e., the weld toe at position (i) is in a high-temperature solid state), the operating power of the corresponding high-energy acoustic beam unit at position (i) can be turned on or increased (e.g., (W1 to W2), where W1 is much greater than W0) to control the stress at position (i). Similarly, when the welding torch leaves the corresponding welding position (i.e., welding at the corresponding point ends), the corresponding high-energy acoustic beam unit can continue to control the position within a large power range until the effective control time ends.

[0063] S430: Control the air source unit in the device to turn on and introduce compressed air into the high-energy sound beam unit to cool the high-energy sound beam unit.

[0064] In this step, the air source unit is connected to the air vent on the high-energy sound beam unit through an air pipe. Then, the air source device is turned on to continuously supply compressed air to the high-energy sound beam unit, thereby cooling the ultrasonic transducer in the high-energy sound beam unit.

[0065] In some embodiments, the temperature of the high-energy sound beam unit and the amplitude transformer can be monitored in real time by a central controller. If the temperature exceeds a preset value and overheating occurs, the control device can be stopped to protect the device.

[0066] In another embodiment of this application, a comparison is provided between the stress after stress regulation based on the apparatus provided in this application and the conventional welding stress, wherein the line graph plotted for the comparison results can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 , Figure 5 The diagram shows a comparison between residual stress after stress regulation using the device provided in this application and residual stress under conventional welding conditions at different detection frequencies and depths. The detection frequencies are f1>f2>f3, and the detection depths are X1>X2>X3. Regardless of the detection frequency or depth, the residual stress value after stress regulation using the device provided in this application is significantly lower than that of ordinary welding, and the stress homogenization is significantly enhanced. Figure 5 The comparison charts show that the control mode of this application has a better effect.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first, second, third, etc." or similar terms such as module A, module B, and module C used in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that, where permissible, a specific order or sequence may be interchanged so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0068] In the above description, the labels of the steps involved, such as S110, S120, etc., do not mean that the steps will necessarily be executed. The order of the steps can be interchanged or executed simultaneously if permitted.

[0069] The term "comprising" as used in the specification and claims should not be construed as limiting itself to what follows; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the mentioned feature, integral, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the statement "device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting solely of components A and B.

[0070] The terms "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" as used in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, the terms "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

[0071] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and the technical principles employed in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A residual stress regulation device, characterized in that, The workpiece to be regulated is a box, and the device includes: At least one high-energy acoustic beam array is provided, wherein the high-energy acoustic beam array is used to inject ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled based on the weld toe state during the welding process, and to control the stress generated during the welding process through the ultrasonic waves; wherein the high-energy acoustic beam array includes multiple high-energy acoustic beam units, and the multiple high-energy acoustic beam units are arranged around the weld. An amplitude transformer is assembled with the high-energy acoustic beam unit via a vent flange. The amplitude transformer is used to focus the ultrasonic waves generated by the high-energy acoustic beam unit into the workpiece to be controlled, and also to slow down the temperature rise rate of the high-energy acoustic beam unit. The high-energy acoustic beam unit includes: An ultrasonic vibrator, an air hole disposed at the input end of the ultrasonic vibrator, and an air source unit connected to the air hole via an air tube; Compressed air is introduced into the ultrasonic vibrator through the air source unit, the air pipe, and the air hole to cool the ultrasonic vibrator. The high-energy acoustic beam array is used to inject ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled during the welding process based on the weld toe state, including: At time Ti, when welding is being performed at position i, the high-energy acoustic beam unit at position i uses the first power range for stress regulation. When the weld toe at position i is in a high-temperature solid state, stress regulation is performed at position i using the second power range, which is greater than the first power range.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a non-metallic outer shell, which is disposed around the ultrasonic vibrator.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Central controller and power ultrasonic power supply; The central controller is communicatively connected to the power ultrasonic power supply and is used to send power control commands to the power ultrasonic power supply according to the welding toe status. The power ultrasonic power supply is connected to each of the high-energy acoustic beam units in a one-to-one correspondence, and is used to provide the target power to the high-energy acoustic beam units according to the received power control command.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A welding fixture is provided, which is configured one-to-one with the amplitude transformer, and is used to press the high-energy sound beam unit against the surface of the workpiece to be controlled.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coupling agent is provided between the high-energy acoustic beam unit and the workpiece to be controlled, for injecting the ultrasonic waves into the workpiece without loss.

6. A method for residual stress control using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The arrangement position of the high-energy sound beam unit in the high-energy sound beam array is determined according to the shape and structure of the workpiece to be controlled, and the high-energy sound beam unit is pressed into the arrangement position by welding fixture; The workpiece to be controlled is welded by a welding device. During the welding process, the high-energy acoustic beam unit injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece according to the weld toe state, and the stress generated during the welding process is controlled by the ultrasonic waves. The air source unit in the control device is turned on to supply compressed air to the high-energy sound beam unit in order to cool the high-energy sound beam unit. The high-energy acoustic beam unit injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled according to the weld toe state, including: At time Ti, when welding is being performed at position i, the high-energy acoustic beam unit at position i uses the first power range for stress regulation. When the weld toe at position i is in a high-temperature solid state, stress regulation is performed at position i using the second power range, which is greater than the first power range.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the welding process, the high-energy acoustic beam unit injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled according to the weld toe state, including: When the weld toe is a high-temperature solid, the high-energy acoustic beam unit at the corresponding position injects ultrasonic waves into the heat-affected zone of the workpiece to be controlled.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The temperature of the high-energy sound beam unit is monitored in real time, and the device is controlled to stop working when the temperature exceeds a preset value.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: After the welding is completed, the workpiece to be controlled continues to be controlled for a preset time using the device.

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