Environment-friendly immersion electronic cooling liquid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an environmentally-friendly submerged electronic cooling liquid, which contains long-chain hydrofluoroolefin 5,5,6,6,7,7,-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, and further contains one or more than two of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, perfluorocycloalkene 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene; and the preparation method of the electronic cooling liquid is as follows: adding one, two or three of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer and perfluorocycloalkene into the long-chain hydrofluoroolefin and stirring. The electronic cooling liquid of the application introduces C=C double bond structure or / and cyclic structure into fluorine-containing compounds, reduces dielectric constant and GWP100 value, improves the electrical signal stability of the used electronic components, and reduces the damage to the environment; and the preparation method is simple and easy to realize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic cooling technology, specifically relating to an environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commonly used immersion electronic coolants can be classified into hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroethers, perfluoroalkanes, perfluoroamines, and perfluoropolyethers based on their molecular structure and properties.

[0003] A high-performance immersion electronic coolant should meet several key technical specifications: high thermal conductivity, high breakdown voltage, high volume resistivity, low dielectric constant, and low Global Warming Potential (GWP100). This ensures good thermal conductivity, insulation, signal fidelity, and environmental friendliness. Currently, most commercially available electronic coolants possess good thermal conductivity and insulation, but their GWP100 is generally high, resulting in a longer atmospheric residence time and atmospheric lifetime, leading to greater environmental damage. Some electronic coolants also have high dielectric constants, affecting the integrity and stability of signals from immersed electronic components. A high dielectric constant can cause electrical signals from operating electronic components to become distorted due to external environmental interference.

[0004] A higher GWP100 value prolongs the degradation time of the coolant in the atmosphere after use, increasing environmental damage. With the increasing global warming and greenhouse effect, researchers have focused their research on novel submersible electronic coolants in recent years on improving the dielectric constant and GWP100 value. The specific goal is to minimize the dielectric constant and GWP100 value while meeting other properties of the electronic coolant. Generally, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have high dielectric constants and high GWP100 values. For example, the main component of Chemours' HFC-4310mee, a two-phase submersible coolant, is a saturated fluoroalkane with a dielectric constant of 6.1 at 1 kHz and a GWP100 value of 1600. Novec 7500 and Novec 7700, manufactured by 3M, are two commonly used single-phase immersion electronic coolants. Their main component is hydrofluoroether (HF), with dielectric constants of 5.8 and 6.7, and GWP100 values ​​of 90 and 420, respectively. Although the GWP100 value of HF is lower than that of fluorinated alkanes, its dielectric constant is still relatively high. Due to the small atomic radius and concentrated negative charge of fluorine, fluorine has low electronic and atomic polarizability. Therefore, chemically speaking, introducing fluorine atoms into coolant molecules can reduce the polarizability of the compound molecules, thereby reducing the dielectric constant. The higher the mass fraction of fluorine in a compound molecule, the lower its dielectric constant; the lower the molecular polarizability, the lower the dielectric constant. 3M's FC-72 two-phase immersion electronic coolant's main component is perfluorohexane, with a dielectric constant of 1.75. It is thermodynamically and chemically stable, non-flammable, and virtually non-toxic; however, its GWP100 value exceeds 5000, failing to meet green environmental standards. Another 3M product, FC-3283, a single-phase immersion coolant widely used in large internet data centers, is primarily composed of perfluoroamine. It boasts excellent performance with a dielectric constant of 1.90 at 1 kHz, but its GWP100 value also exceeds 5000, posing a significant environmental hazard. Solvay's Galden HT PFPE series coolants belong to the perfluoropolyether family. For example, HT170 has a boiling point of 170°C and can be used in single-phase immersion cooling systems. While its dielectric constant is 1.94, its GWP100 value also exceeds 5000, classifying it as a strong greenhouse gas and failing to meet green environmental standards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an environmentally friendly immersion-type electronic coolant, addressing the shortcomings of the prior art. This electronic coolant introduces C=C double bond structures and / or cyclic structures into fluorinated compounds, thus maintaining the original thermal conductivity and insulation properties of the electronic coolant while reducing its dielectric constant and GWP100 value. This improves the stability of electrical signals to the electronic components used, reduces its residence time in the atmosphere, and minimizes environmental damage, solving the problem that existing electronic coolants cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of low dielectric constant and low GWP100 value.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant, characterized in that the electronic coolant contains a long-chain hydrofluoroolefin 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, and also contains one, two, or three of the following: type I hexafluoropropylene trimer (E)-1,1,1,4,5,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-dodecano-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-heptene, perfluorocycloolefins 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene, and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene; the dielectric constant of the electronic coolant is less than 3.15, and the global warming potential is less than 350.

[0007] The aforementioned environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant is characterized in that the molar percentage of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene added to the electronic coolant is 20%~30%, the molar percentage of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer added is 20%~80%, and the molar percentage of 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene added is 15%~50%, and the total molar percentage of all components is 100%. This invention controls the molar percentage of each component in the electronic coolant, utilizing the extremely low GWP100 values ​​of long-chain hydrofluoroolefins and two perfluorocyclic olefins to ensure that the formulated electronic coolant has the advantages of short residence time in the atmosphere after use and environmental friendliness, while avoiding the problem of excessively high dielectric constant of the formulated electronic coolant causing electrical signal distortion of electronic components immersed in it during use. It takes into account both the performance requirements of low dielectric constant and low GWP100 value.

[0008] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant as described above, characterized in that the specific process of the method is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and one, two, or three of the following: type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene, and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene are stirred and mixed at room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent electronic coolant.

[0009] The above method is characterized in that the stirring speed at room temperature is 200 rpm to 300 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 min to 30 min.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0011] 1. The electronic coolant of the present invention uses the long-chain hydrofluoroolefin 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene as an essential component. This substance has a high boiling point, reaching 119.5°C, a low kinematic viscosity, a high thermal conductivity, reaching 0.068 W / (mK), a low dielectric constant of 5.85 (90°C, 1kHz), and a low GWP100 value, calculated to be approximately 20. This effectively ensures the thermal conductivity of the electronic coolant and reduces the dielectric constant and global warming potential (GWP100) of the electronic coolant.

[0012] 2. The electronic coolant of the present invention is formulated with one, two, or three of the following: type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, perfluorocycloolefins 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene, and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene, and long-chain hydrofluoroolefins 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene. The type I hexafluoropropylene trimer has a low dielectric constant of 2.04 (at 1 kHz) and excellent insulation properties. GWP The GWP100 values ​​are also relatively low, around 420, and the fluidity is good, which helps to ensure the insulation performance of the electronic coolant and reduce the dielectric constant and GWP100 value of the electronic coolant. The two perfluorocycloolefins have high electrical insulation performance and low dielectric constants, around 1.86 (at 1 kHz), which are good for the transmission of electrical signals of electronic components immersed in them. Moreover, both of them contain unsaturated bonds in their molecules, which can be rapidly degraded in the atmospheric environment. Therefore, their GWP100 values ​​are very low, 53 and 62 respectively. These properties are all beneficial to improving the signal fidelity performance of the electronic coolant and reducing its GWP100 value.

[0013] 3. The electronic coolant of the present invention, through the design of the type and content of components, introduces C=C double bond structure and / or cyclic structure into the fluorine-containing compound. These two structures can not only ensure the original thermal conductivity, insulation and other indicators of the electronic coolant, but also reduce its dielectric constant and GWP100 value, thereby improving the stability of its electrical signals to the electronic components used, reducing its residence time in the atmosphere and reducing environmental damage.

[0014] 4. The dielectric constant of the electronic coolant obtained by this invention is less than 3.15, which ensures that the electrical signals of the electronic components immersed in it will not be distorted during use. Moreover, the global warming potential (GWP100) is less than 350. Under the premise of meeting the technical indicators of existing immersion electronic coolants, it has a low greenhouse effect, a short atmospheric lifetime, and is green and environmentally friendly.

[0015] 5. The electronic coolant of the present invention is suitable for cooling and reducing the temperature of equipment such as data center cabinets, 5G base stations, power control semiconductors, power distribution switchgear, circuit boards, packaged and unpackaged semiconductor devices.

[0016] 6. The electronic coolant preparation method of the present invention is simple, easy to implement, and suitable for industrial production.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1

[0019] The environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant of this embodiment is composed of the following components in molar percentage: 20% of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and 80% of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, namely (E)-1,1,1,4,5,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-dodecano-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-heptene.

[0020] The specific preparation process of the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant in this embodiment is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and type I hexafluoropropylene trimer are added to a mixing vessel, and the stirring setting is turned on for stirring at room temperature at a speed of 200 rpm to 300 rpm for 20 minutes. After the two components are completely mixed and homogeneous, stirring is stopped to obtain a colorless and transparent liquid, i.e., electronic coolant.

[0021] Example 2

[0022] The environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant of this embodiment is composed of the following components in molar percentage: 20% of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and 80% of 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene.

[0023] The specific preparation process of the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant in this embodiment is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene are added to a mixing vessel, and the stirring setting is turned on for stirring at room temperature at a speed of 200 rpm to 300 rpm for 20 minutes. After the two components are completely mixed and homogeneous, stirring is stopped to obtain a colorless and transparent liquid, i.e., the electronic coolant.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] The environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant of this embodiment is composed of the following components in molar percentage: 20% of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and 80% of 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene.

[0026] The specific preparation process of the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant in this embodiment is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene are added to a mixing vessel, and the stirring setting is turned on for stirring at room temperature at a speed of 200 rpm to 300 rpm for 20 minutes. After the two components are completely mixed and homogeneous, stirring is stopped to obtain a colorless and transparent liquid, i.e., the electronic coolant.

[0027] Example 4

[0028] The environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant of this embodiment is composed of the following components in molar percentage: 30% of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, 20% of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer (E)-1,1,1,4,5,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-dodecano-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-heptene, and 50% of 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene.

[0029] The specific preparation process of the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant in this embodiment is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, and 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene are added to a mixing vessel. The stirring setting is turned on and stirred at room temperature at a speed of 200 rpm to 300 rpm for 30 minutes. After the three components are completely mixed and homogeneous, stirring is stopped to obtain a colorless and transparent liquid, i.e., the electronic coolant.

[0030] Example 5

[0031] The environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant of this embodiment is composed of the following components in molar percentage: 30% of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, 20% of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer (E)-1,1,1,4,5,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-dodecano-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-heptene, and 50% of 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene.

[0032] The specific preparation process of the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant in this embodiment is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene are added to a mixing vessel. The stirring setting is turned on and stirred at room temperature at a speed of 200 rpm to 300 rpm for 30 minutes. After the three components are completely mixed and homogeneous, stirring is stopped to obtain a colorless and transparent liquid, i.e., the electronic coolant.

[0033] Example 6

[0034] The environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant of this embodiment is composed of the following components in molar percentage: 30% of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, 40% of type I hexafluoropropylene trimer (E)-1,1,1,4,5,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-dodecano-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-heptene, 15% of 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene, and 15% of 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene.

[0035] The specific preparation process of the environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant in this embodiment is as follows: 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, type I hexafluoropropylene trimer, 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene, and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene are added to a mixing vessel. The stirring setting is turned on and stirred at room temperature at a speed of 200 rpm to 300 rpm for 30 minutes. After the four components are completely mixed and homogeneous, stirring is stopped to obtain a colorless and transparent liquid, i.e., the electronic coolant.

[0036] Samples were taken from the electronic coolants prepared in Examples 1 to 6 of this invention, and the dielectric constant was determined according to the national standard GB / T5654-2007 "Measurement of Relative Permittivity, Dielectric Loss Factor and DC Resistivity of Liquid Insulating Materials". The global warming potential (GWP100) was estimated using the group contribution method and compared with the commonly used FC-3283 single-phase immersion coolant from 3M Company, USA. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0037] Table 1. Comparison of dielectric constant and GWP100 value of the electronic coolant prepared in Examples 1-6 of this invention.

[0038]

[0039] As shown in Table 1, the dielectric constant of the electronic coolant of this invention is less than 3.15 and the global warming potential (GWP100) is less than 350. Compared with existing products, the dielectric constant of the electronic coolant of this invention is slightly higher, but it still meets the basic requirements of dielectric constant for general immersion electronic coolants. However, the GWP100 value is much lower than that of existing products, indicating that the electronic coolant of this invention introduces C=C double bond structure and / or cyclic structure into fluorinated compounds, so that the electronic coolant has a lower dielectric constant and GWP100 value. This ensures the integrity of the electrical signals of the electronic components immersed in it, and also has a lower GWP100 value, significantly reducing its residence time in the atmosphere and reducing its greenhouse gas effect after use. It is a green and environmentally friendly electronic coolant.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the inventive essence shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant, characterized by, The electronic coolant is composed of one, two or three of long-chain hydrofluoroolefin 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene, type I hexafluoropropene trimer (E)-1,1,1,4,5,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-dodecafluoro-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-heptene, perfluorocycloalkene 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene; the dielectric constant of the electronic coolant is less than 3.15, and the global warming potential is less than 350.

2. The environmentally friendly immersion electronic cooling liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar percentage of 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene in the electronic coolant is 20% to 30%, the molar percentage of type I hexafluoropropene trimer is 20% to 80%, the molar percentage of 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene is 15% to 50%, and the sum of the molar percentages of the components is 100%.

3. A method of producing an environmentally friendly immersion electronic coolant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The specific process of the method is: stirring 5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-heptene with one, two or three of type I hexafluoropropene trimer, 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-2-(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene and 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1,2-bis(perfluoroprop-2-yl)cyclopent-1-ene at room temperature to obtain colorless and transparent electronic coolant.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The stirring speed of the room temperature stirring is 200 rmp / min to 300 rmp / min, and the stirring time is 20 min to 30 min.

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