Polar low-temperature steel material friction and wear experiment platform and experiment method

Abstract

The application relates to a polar low-temperature steel material friction and wear experiment platform and an experiment method, the experiment platform comprising: a device support frame which is a frame structure and comprises a first support plate for dividing the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top; a circulating cooling system for generating a low-temperature experiment environment; an eddy current magnetic field transmitting and receiving system for generating an excitation signal and detecting and obtaining a corresponding magnetic field signal; a loading working system for clamping an experimental steel sample, applying a test pressure to the experimental steel sample, and controlling a motion mode of the experimental steel sample, realizing a friction test on the eddy current magnetic field transmitting and receiving system; and a signal processing system connected with the eddy current magnetic field transmitting and receiving system, used for emitting a pulse square wave for generating the excitation signal, receiving the magnetic field signal, and generating a friction and wear curve of the experimental steel sample based on the magnetic field signal, the motion mode and the test pressure. Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages of realizing multi-mode friction test and improving experiment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an experimental platform, and more particularly to an experimental platform and method for testing the friction and wear of steel at low polar temperatures. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, polar resources have become a crucial part of the resource development strategy, making the research and development of large polar vessels an urgent task. Low-temperature resistant materials are a vital support for polar development, and their wear resistance at low temperatures is an essential component of various performance tests. However, research and development of friction platforms for testing the friction and wear of steel materials in polar environments is limited, and equipment capable of real-time monitoring of material wear is rarely reported.

[0003] Existing friction platforms primarily meet the needs of general friction experiments, and their experimental functions include: vacuum chambers, ultra-low temperature environments, high and low temperature variable temperature environments, small loads and ultra-large loads, as well as combined experiments of the above functions. Among them, friction test platforms with special working environments include: friction platforms for simulating oral cavity micro-friction experiments, friction test platforms for components used in aerospace vacuum environments, and friction platforms for special temperature and humidity working environments.

[0004] A search revealed Chinese Publication No. CN208443641U (Test Device for Low-Temperature Friction and Collision Performance of Materials for Polar Navigation Vessels), which discloses a test device for low-temperature friction and collision performance of materials for polar navigation vessels. This device includes a hull low-temperature environment friction and collision control system, a low-temperature collision test module, a low-temperature friction loading module, a low-temperature ice-making module, a low-temperature refrigeration system, and a polar low-temperature environment chamber. This invention can simulate the polar environment in a laboratory, creating different types of polar sea ice. Using different modules on the same device, it can conduct research on the friction and wear performance of materials for polar navigation vessels at low temperatures with ice surfaces, the low-temperature loading service performance of materials, and the icebreaking performance of polar navigation vessel models. It provides a platform for testing the friction and wear performance of hulls of polar navigation vessels against polar ice layers and for testing the low-temperature performance of polar operation equipment. It also allows for testing and research on the icebreaking navigation resistance of ship models in low-temperature ice tanks, the friction and wear performance between marine steel plates and ice layers, collision tests between ship models and icebergs, the ice loads experienced by ship models during navigation, and the impact force during the collision process between ship models and icebergs. However, due to the special nature of the polar environment and the complexity of material friction experiments, existing equipment is inconvenient to operate due to its large size, and existing friction platforms have limited functions, making it impossible to accurately control the friction mode, resulting in poor experimental results and the inability to accurately measure wear in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform and test method, which solves the problems of existing friction platforms having single function, large equipment size which is not easy to operate, and inability to accurately control the friction mode, resulting in poor test results.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform includes:

[0008] The equipment support frame is a frame structure, including a first support plate that divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top;

[0009] A circulating cooling system, installed on the equipment support frame, is used to generate a low-temperature experimental environment;

[0010] An eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, mounted on the equipment support frame, is used to generate excitation signals and detect corresponding magnetic field signals.

[0011] A loading system, installed on the equipment support frame, is used to clamp the experimental steel sample, apply test pressure to the experimental steel sample, and control the motion mode of the experimental steel sample to realize the friction test on the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system.

[0012] The signal processing system, connected to the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, is used to emit a pulsed square wave that generates the excitation signal and receive the magnetic field signal, and generate the friction and wear curve of the experimental steel sample based on the magnetic field signal, motion mode and test pressure.

[0013] Furthermore, the circulating cooling system includes a compressor, a cooler, a pump body, refrigeration copper pipes, and a water tank for generating friction ice. The compressor, cooler, and pump body are distributed in the first space, the water tank is located above the first support plate, and the refrigeration copper pipes are disposed in the water tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system includes an excitation coil and a magnetic field signal acquisition probe, which are respectively connected to the signal processing system. The excitation coil is fixed above the first support plate, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is mounted on the loading working system.

[0015] Furthermore, the loading system includes a first slide module, a second slide module, a third slide module, and a cryogenic friction rotation module. The first slide module is fixed to the top of the equipment support frame. The second slide module is disposed on the first slide module and slides along the horizontal working direction. The third slide module is vertically disposed on the second slide module and slides along the vertical working direction. The cryogenic friction rotation module is installed at one end of the third slide module near the excitation coil. The magnetic field signal acquisition probe and the experimental steel sample are installed on the cryogenic friction rotation module.

[0016] Furthermore, the low-temperature friction rotation module includes a third support plate, a second support plate, a DC brushless motor, and a rotating spindle. An electric push rod for applying test pressure is provided between the second and third support plates. The second support plate is connected to the third slide module. The DC brushless motor is connected to the third support plate. The rotating spindle is connected to the DC brushless motor and is located below the third support plate. A clamping device for mounting the experimental steel sample is provided at the end of the rotating spindle. The magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed below the third support plate and above the clamping device.

[0017] Furthermore, a miniature S-shaped tension sensor and a laser rangefinder are also provided between the second and third support plates.

[0018] Furthermore, the brushless DC motor is provided with a motor insulation component.

[0019] Furthermore, the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is equipped with a probe insulation component.

[0020] Furthermore, the equipment support frame is provided with thermal insulation structural components on its periphery.

[0021] The present invention also provides an experimental method based on the polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform described above, comprising the following steps:

[0022] The experimental steel sample is clamped onto the loading system and the set test pressure is applied.

[0023] Control the circulating cooling system to complete the refrigeration operation;

[0024] The signal processing system was used to test whether the magnetic field transmission and reception of the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system was completed normally.

[0025] Start the signal processing system, and the loading working system drives the loading working system to move, completing the horizontal friction experiment and the rotary friction experiment;

[0026] Based on experimental data, simulated friction curves are output.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention is equipped with a loading working system, which can control the motion mode of the experimental steel sample, realize multi-mode friction test, and improve the experimental effect.

[0029] 2. This invention uses an upper and lower partitioned equipment support frame to separate the compressor, pump, and cooler in the circulating cooling system from the low-temperature experimental environment. This ensures that the compressor, pump, and cooler have good working performance and a long service life. The working heat of the compressor and pump will not affect the low-temperature experimental environment, thus making the friction test equipment suitable for low-temperature environments. This avoids the need to install a motor inside the low-temperature chamber, which would affect the normal conduct of the low-temperature experiment.

[0030] 3. The low-temperature friction rotation module of the present invention is equipped with an electric push rod, which can ensure the displacement accuracy and test pressure accuracy of the measured sample wear during the experiment according to the set signal.

[0031] 4. The low-temperature friction rotation module of the present invention is also equipped with a laser rangefinder. The laser rangefinder is located inside the rotating friction platform. The rotating platform has a temperature control device, which enables the laser rangefinder to work normally and ensures the displacement accuracy of the sample wear measurement during the experiment.

[0032] 5. The present invention features a small-volume low-temperature friction rotation module with a limited working range, allowing for the use of a smaller first support plate, thereby controlling the overall size of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-temperature steel friction test platform of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-temperature steel friction test platform of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotary friction platform of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotary friction platform of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the excitation coil and detection probe of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the trapezoidal rotating spindle of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the metal specimen clamping method in the friction test according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a frequency diagram of a special case of the excitation coil pulse square wave of the present invention;

[0042] The components include: 1. Circulating cooling system, 2. Equipment support frame, 3. Eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, 4. Loading system, 5. Thermal insulation components, 6. Signal acquisition and processing system, and 7. Experimental steel sample.

[0043] 1-1. Support plate foot, 1-2. Fourth support plate, 1-3. Compressor, 1-4. Cooler, 1-5. Pump body, 1-6. Refrigeration copper pipe;

[0044] 2-1. Support column foundation; 2-2. Second support column; 2-3. First support column; 2-4. Support beam;

[0045] 3-1. Cooling and insulation ring; 3-2. Excitation coil; 3-3. Eddy current sensor; 3-4. Sensor insulation component;

[0046] 4-1. Low-temperature friction rotation module; 4-2. Third slide module; 4-3. First slide module; 4-4. Second slide module;

[0047] 4-1-1. Second support plate; 4-1-2. Motor insulation component; 4-1-3. DC brushless motor; 4-1-4. Connector; 4-1-5. Electric push rod; 4-1-6. Third support plate; 4-1-7. Angle aluminum; 4-1-8. Slider; 4-1-9. Slide rod; 4-1-10. Support base; 4-1-11. Heating module; 4-1-12. Rotary spindle; 4-1-13. Laser rangefinder; 4-1-14. Spindle bearing; 4-1-15. Miniature S-shaped tension sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To enable the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] See Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform, including a circulating cooling system 1, an equipment support frame 2, an eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3, a loading working system 4, and a signal acquisition and processing system 6. The equipment support frame 2 is a frame structure, including a first support plate that divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top. The circulating cooling system 1 is installed on the equipment support frame 2 to generate a low-temperature experimental environment. The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3 is installed on the equipment support frame 2 to generate excitation signals and detect corresponding magnetic field signals. The loading working system 4 is installed on the equipment support frame 2 to clamp experimental steel samples, apply test pressure to the experimental steel samples 7, and control the motion mode of the experimental steel samples 7, realizing friction testing on the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3. The signal processing system 6 is connected to the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3 to emit pulse square waves that generate excitation signals and receive magnetic field signals, generating friction and wear curves of the experimental steel samples based on the magnetic field signals, motion modes, and test pressure.

[0055] See Figure 2 As shown, the equipment support frame 2 has a column-beam structure, including four columns and a first support plate connected to the four columns. Each column includes a first support column 2-3, a second support column 2-2, and a support column base 2-1 arranged from top to bottom. A support beam 2-4 is connected at the top between two adjacent first support columns 2-3. The first support plate is connected at the connection between the first support column 2-3 and the second support column 2-2, dividing the overall equipment support frame 2 into a first space and a second space. The loading working system 4 is fixed on the first support column 2-3 and the support beam 2-4.

[0056] See Figure 2 As shown, the circulating cooling system 1 is used to establish a low-temperature environment, including a compressor 1-3, a cooler 1-4, a pump 1-5, a refrigeration copper pipe 1-6, and a water tank for generating friction ice. The compressor 1-3, cooler 1-4, and pump 1-5 are distributed in a first space, the water tank is located above a first support plate, and the refrigeration copper pipe 1-6 is placed inside the water tank. In this embodiment, the water tank is formed on the first support plate by a refrigeration insulation ring 3-1. The compressor 1-3, cooler 1-4, and pump 1-5 are distributed on a fourth support plate 1-2, and the bottom of the fourth support plate 1-2 is also provided with support plate feet 1-1. In this embodiment, the compressor, pump, and cooler are located outside the refrigeration platform above the first support plate, thereby ensuring good working effect and long service life of the compressor, pump, and cooler. The working heat of the compressor and pump will not affect the low-temperature experimental environment, thus making the friction experimental equipment suitable for low-temperature environments and avoiding the installation of a motor inside the low-temperature cavity, which would affect the normal operation of the low-temperature experiment.

[0057] The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3 includes an excitation coil 3-2 and a magnetic field signal acquisition probe, both connected to the signal processing system 6. The excitation coil 3-2 is fixed above the first support plate, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is mounted on the loading working system 4. (See also...) Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the excitation coil 3-2 and the first support plate form a composite structure.

[0058] Specifically, a probe insulation component is provided on the outside of the magnetic field signal acquisition probe, which is then installed on the loading working system 4. The probe insulation component has through holes for mounting and cooperating with the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. In this embodiment, the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is specifically an eddy current sensor 3-3, which is disposed in the sensor insulation component 3-4.

[0059] See Figure 2 As shown, the loading system 4 includes a first slide module 4-3, a second slide module 4-4, a third slide module 4-2, and a low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1. The first slide module 4-3 is fixed to the top of the equipment support frame 2. The second slide module 4-4 is mounted on the first slide module 4-3 and slides along the horizontal working direction. The third slide module 4-2 is vertically mounted on the second slide module 4-4 and slides along the vertical working direction. The low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1 is installed on the end of the third slide module 4-2 near the excitation coil 3-2. The magnetic field signal acquisition probe and the experimental steel sample 7 are installed on the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1. In a specific embodiment, the first slide module 4-3, the second slide module 4-4, and the third slide module 4-2 are all purchased synchronous belt slide modules, using a combination of stepper motors and ball screws. The stepper motor movement is controlled by a computer to drive the ball screw movement. After determining the motion mode of the metal specimen friction experiment, the loading system 4 clamps the metal specimen and controls the movement of the synchronous belt slide module based on the input specified parameters to complete the friction experiment.

[0060] In the aforementioned loading system 4, there are two first slide modules 4-3. Each first slide module 4-3 is fixedly connected at both ends to the first support column 2-3 and the support beam 2-4, respectively. The motor is installed at the rear of the experimental platform, and the slide moves along the installation direction. By controlling the movement of the two sets of first slide modules 4-3, the second slide module 4-4 is driven to move along the installation direction of the first slide module 4-3. Each end of the second slide module 4-4 is connected to one of the first slide modules 4-3. The motor is located on the left side of the equipment. The second slide module 4-4 is connected to the third slide module 4-2 and drives the third slide module 4-2 to move along the specified direction of the second slide module 4-4. The second slide module 4-4 is connected to the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1 through a connector. The movement of the third slide module 4-2 along the specified direction drives the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1, thus rotating the friction platform to complete the lifting task.

[0061] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1 includes a third support plate 4-1-1, a second support plate 4-1-6, a DC brushless motor 4-1-3, and a rotating spindle 4-1-12. An electric push rod 4-1-5 for applying test pressure is provided between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1. The distance between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1 can be adjusted according to experimental requirements. The second support plate 4-1-6 is connected to the third slide module 4-2 through a connector 4-1-4. The DC brushless motor 4-1-3 is connected to the third support plate 4-1-1. The rotating spindle 4-1-12 is connected to the DC brushless motor 4-1-3 and is located below the third support plate 4-1-1. A clamping device for mounting the experimental steel sample 7 is provided at the end of the rotating spindle 4-1-12. The magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed below the third support plate 4-1-1 and above the clamping device. The clamping component and the rotating spindle 4-1-12 are integrally formed. The clamping component includes multiple sample mounting positions, and the rotating spindle 4-1-12 is the rotating platform that drives the experimental steel sample 7 to rotate and move. The dimensions of the multiple sample mounting positions can be different.

[0062] Preferably, a miniature S-shaped tension sensor 4-1-15 and a laser rangefinder 4-1-13 are also provided between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1. One end of the miniature S-shaped tension sensor 4-1-15 is mounted on the third support plate 4-1-1, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the second support plate 4-1-6. It is displaced in a specified direction by a silent electric push rod and used in conjunction with the laser rangefinder to accurately measure the test pressure. The laser rangefinder is located at the front end of the third support plate 4-1-1. The laser rangefinder measures the displacement of the loading system, ensuring the accuracy of the displacement measurement of sample wear during the experiment.

[0063] In this embodiment, the electric push rod 4-1-5 is a silent electric push rod, and there are two of them, which are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the second support plate 4-1-6.

[0064] In this embodiment, the rotary spindle 4-1-12 is machined as a stepped spindle, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this facilitates installation with the magnetic field signal acquisition probe and its insulation components. A spindle bearing 4-1-14 is installed on the rotating spindle 4-1-12.

[0065] In this embodiment, a sliding assembly is connected between the third support plate 4-1-1 and the second support plate 4-1-6. The sliding assembly includes a slider 4-1-8, a sliding rod 4-1-9, and a support base 4-1-10. The slider 4-1-8 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 4-1-6 via an angle aluminum 4-1-7, and the support base 4-1-10 is fixedly connected to the third support plate 4-1-1. One end of the sliding rod 4-1-9 is fixed to the support base 4-1-10, and the support base 4-1-10 slides on the other end of the sliding rod 4-1-9.

[0066] A motor insulation component 4-1-2 is provided outside the brushless DC motor 4-1-3. In this embodiment, the brushless DC motor 4-1-3 is an L-shaped brushless DC motor. The center of the output shaft of the L-shaped brushless DC motor coincides with the center line of the third support plate. It is used in conjunction with the rotating spindle 4-1-12 through a gearbox. It can drive the experimental steel sample to perform unidirectional, rotational and compound friction experiments according to the requirements of friction experiments, and determine the test pressure, rotational speed and horizontal reciprocating speed.

[0067] In other embodiments, a heating module 4-1-11 is also provided between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1, and multiple heating modules 4-1-16 are symmetrically distributed along the L-shaped brushless DC motor. Specifically, the heating module 4-1-11 uses a heating resistor, and the temperature is adjusted and maintained at 18-25°C according to the temperature change inside the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1, ensuring that the normal operation of each electronic component is not affected by the external low-temperature environment.

[0068] In this embodiment, the signal acquisition and processing system 6 includes a signal modulation circuit, a data acquisition card, and a signal generator. The signal generator inputs a pulse square wave to the excitation coil in the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe acquires the magnetic field signal and the output signal. After the output signal is acquired by the probe, it is filtered and amplified by the signal modulation circuit, and finally input into the data acquisition card in the computer. The computer processes the motion mode and test pressure information in the loading working system, and finally outputs the friction and wear curve.

[0069] The relevant theoretical calculations for the polar low-temperature friction experiment in this embodiment are as follows:

[0070] (1) Maxwell's equations are used as the theoretical basis for analyzing and calculating electromagnetic fields.

[0071] Its differential form is as follows:

[0072] Total Current Law

[0073] Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction

[0074] Gauss's Law

[0075] Gauss's Law

[0076] In the formula, J is the current density; D is the electric displacement; E is the electric field strength; and ρ is the charge density. We also have D = εE; B = μH; J = σE; ε and σ are the dielectric constant and conductivity, respectively.

[0077] (2) The change in magnetic induction intensity caused by the change in friction and wear of the metal specimen per unit time.

[0078] When the rotating friction turntable is in its initial state, a pulsed square wave is passed into the excitation coil, generating a time-varying magnetic field around the coil, denoted as M1. According to Lenz's law, when the metal specimen begins to move, a corresponding induced magnetic field will be generated on the moving surface of the specimen. The magnetic field generated is opposite in direction to the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field source, denoted as J1.

[0079] When the surface of the metal specimen begins to wear, J1 will be disturbed by the amount of wear. The disturbed J1 is denoted as J2, and the induced magnetic field M1 also changes, denoted as M2.

[0080]

[0081] The numerical value of the change in magnetic induction intensity in the induced magnetic field per unit time is processed and input into the computer data storage unit.

[0082] Eddy current detection suffers from the following technical problems: it is greatly affected by lift-off factors and the detection signal is severely distorted during high-speed inspection. Therefore, this invention ensures that the lift-off distance of the monitoring probe remains constant within a unit time during the detection process, thus solving the problem of severe signal distortion during high-speed inspection and completing data acquisition, processing, and image output.

[0083] During the friction experiment, the rotating spindle 4-1-12 maintains high-speed rotation, while the signal acquisition probe remains fixed to the second support plate 4-1-1. During the testing process, it is crucial to ensure that the magnetic field signal acquired by the signal acquisition probe corresponds one-to-one with the metal sample on the rotating spindle. Therefore, an initial rotating spindle speed is set. Considering the clamping of friction test samples of different sizes, the size of the mounting hole is appropriately changed, and slots are machined in the direction corresponding to the mounting groove of the rotating spindle. Special shapes are machined at the bottom of the rotating spindle, as follows: 1. Machined defects of the same width but different depths; 2. Machined defects of the same depth but different widths; 3. Machined defects of a specified shape. When the signal acquisition probe acquires signals, the corresponding signal for each metal sample is confirmed based on the defect shape. The initial pulse square wave signal transmission frequency is set to a specific frequency, which can be adjusted according to the different experimental samples. The acquisition frequency of the signal acquisition probe is matched with the pulse square wave, and the rotating spindle speed is adjusted simultaneously to ensure that the magnetic field signal acquired by the signal acquisition probe corresponds to the metal sample on the rotating spindle during the testing process.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included when conducting experiments using the aforementioned polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform:

[0085] (1) The experimental steel sample 7 is clamped onto the low-temperature friction rotation module of the loading working system 4, and the initial relevant data are measured. The bottom of the low-temperature friction rotation module has a clamping component, which can clamp 1-8 experimental steel samples to be tested according to experimental requirements, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the clamp with the experimental steel sample forms a friction platform.

[0086] (2) Set the test pressure and use a laser rangefinder and a miniature S-type tension sensor to determine the working displacement of the silent push rod, so as to ensure that the experiment reaches the set displacement and test pressure.

[0087] When setting the initial experimental pressure, the distance between the test piece and the simulated polar environment friction ice surface is determined by adjusting the working displacement of the silent electric push rod, thus setting the initial position of the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. During the friction experiment, the descent displacement of the friction platform is recorded according to the movement pattern of the silent push rod, thereby obtaining the movement distance of the signal acquisition probe. Based on the displacement distance of the signal acquisition probe per unit time, combined with the change in the magnetic field signal per unit time, magnetic field detection data is provided for the computer to output the simulated friction and wear curve.

[0088] (3) Control the circulating refrigeration equipment to complete the refrigeration operation according to the experimental requirements, and add an appropriate amount of additives to the refrigeration water tank to simulate the real effect of ice in the polar environment. Specifically, additives can be selected according to the requirements of the friction experiment, such as trace elements such as sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and potassium chloride (KCl).

[0089] (4) Determine the frequency and signal of the pulse square wave in the excitation coil, such as Figure 9 As shown, the test ensures that the magnetic field transmission and reception work is completed normally, and that there is no external interference with the magnetic field device, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the experimental platform.

[0090] (5) Drive the first slide module to complete the horizontal friction experiment, set the reciprocating speed, and carry out the reciprocating friction experiment.

[0091] (6) Stop the movement of the first slide module, control the third slide module to move upward, replace the metal specimen, control the third slide module to move downward, set the specified test pressure, start the L-type DC brushless motor, set the rotation speed, and carry out the rotational friction test.

[0092] (7) The task of replacing the metal specimen is completed again by controlling the third slide module. The L-shaped brushless DC motor is started, the external horizontal motion device is started, and the movement speed of the first slide module and the L-shaped brushless DC motor is set to conduct a compound rotational friction experiment. Figure 6 As shown.

[0093] (8) Stop the rotating platform of the friction test platform and check whether the friction test platform has stopped moving. If the test platform stops moving, remove the metal specimen, end the experiment, organize the data, and output the simulated friction curve.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] In this embodiment, a thermal insulation structure 5 is provided around the equipment support frame 2. In this embodiment, the thermal insulation structure 5 uses a double-layer alloy material combined with thermal insulation cotton material to achieve overall temperature control of the equipment, thereby achieving cyclic cooling to meet the requirements of the metal specimen friction test. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0096] Compared with existing technologies, the above-mentioned experimental platform is mainly used for low-temperature material friction and wear experiments in polar environments. It solves the problems of existing friction platforms, such as limited functionality, large equipment size making them difficult to operate, and inability to precisely control the friction mode, resulting in poor experimental results. For polar environment research, this invention provides a certain reference for the research of large ships in polar environments.

[0097] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform, characterized in that, include: The equipment support frame (2) is a frame structure, including a first support plate that divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top; A circulating cooling system (1) is installed on the equipment support frame (2) to generate a low-temperature experimental environment; The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3) is installed on the equipment support frame (2) and is used to generate excitation signals and detect and obtain corresponding magnetic field signals. The loading working system (4) is installed on the equipment support frame (2) for clamping the experimental steel sample, applying test pressure to the experimental steel sample (7), and controlling the motion mode of the experimental steel sample (7) to realize the friction test on the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3); The signal processing system (6) is connected to the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3) and is used to emit a pulse square wave that generates the excitation signal and receive the magnetic field signal. Based on the magnetic field signal, motion mode and test pressure, it generates the friction and wear curve of the experimental steel sample. The circulating cooling system (1) includes a compressor (1-3), a cooler (1-4), a pump body (1-5), a refrigeration copper pipe (1-6), and a water tank for generating friction ice. The compressor (1-3), cooler (1-4), and pump body (1-5) are distributed in the first space. The water tank is located above the first support plate, and the refrigeration copper pipe (1-6) is disposed in the water tank. The loading system (4) includes a first slide module (4-3), a second slide module (4-4), and a third slide module (4-2). The first slide module (4-3) is fixed to the top of the equipment support frame (2). The second slide module (4-4) is disposed on the first slide module (4-3) and slides along the horizontal working direction. The third slide module (4-2) is vertically disposed on the second slide module (4-4) and slides along the vertical working direction.

2. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3) includes an excitation coil (3-2) and a magnetic field signal acquisition probe, which are respectively connected to the signal processing system (6). The excitation coil (3-2) is fixed above the first support plate, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed on the loading working system (4).

3. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The loading system (4) also includes a low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1), which is installed on one end of the third slide module (4-2) near the excitation coil (3-2). The magnetic field signal acquisition probe and the experimental steel sample (7) are installed on the low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1).

4. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1) includes a third support plate (4-1-1), a second support plate (4-1-6), a DC brushless motor (4-1-3), and a rotating spindle (4-1-12). An electric push rod (4-1-5) for applying test pressure is provided between the second support plate (4-1-6) and the third support plate (4-1-1). The second support plate (4-1-6) is connected to the third slide module (4-2). The DC brushless motor (4-1-3) is connected to the third support plate (4-1-1). The rotating spindle (4-1-12) is connected to the DC brushless motor (4-1-3) and is located below the third support plate (4-1-1). A clamping device for installing the experimental steel sample (7) is provided at the end of the rotating spindle (4-1-12). The magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed below the third support plate (4-1-1) and above the clamping device.

5. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, A miniature S-shaped tension sensor (4-1-15) and a laser rangefinder (4-1-13) are also provided between the second support plate (4-1-6) and the third support plate (4-1-1).

6. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The brushless DC motor (4-1-3) is equipped with a motor insulation component (4-1-2).

7. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic field signal acquisition probe is equipped with a probe insulation component.

8. The polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment support frame (2) is provided with a thermal insulation structure (5) on its periphery.

9. An experimental method based on the polar low-temperature steel friction and wear test platform as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The test steel sample (7) is clamped on the loading working system (4) and the set test pressure is applied; Control the circulating cooling system (1) to complete the refrigeration operation; The signal processing system (6) is used to test whether the magnetic field transmission and reception of the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3) is completed normally. Start the signal processing system (6), load the working system (4) to drive the working system (4) to move, and complete the horizontal friction experiment and the rotational friction experiment; Based on experimental data, simulated friction curves are output.

Images