Method for applying Kalanchoe chinensis extract in industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for applying a longevity vine extract in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves. Fresh longevity vine is taken, washed and ground in a mortar, the ground solid is taken, an extraction solvent is added, and the extracted solution obtained after standing is filtered for use; when preparing cigar tobacco leaves, the obtained extraction solution is diluted with deionized water, the diluted solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves, and then the cigar tobacco leaves are put into a sack for fermentation; after the fermentation is completed, the fermented cigar tobacco leaves are taken out and rolled according to the sample cigarette specifications, and moisture balance maintenance is performed. The present invention is the first time that a longevity vine extract is used in cigar fermentation. The content of the aroma component substances in the cigar tobacco leaves treated by the method provided by the present invention is significantly improved, the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves is significantly improved, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tobacco processing, and more particularly to a method for applying a Kalanchoe schizandrae extract in an industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves. Background Art

[0002] Kalanchoe vine is a vine in the grape family. Its extract is silvery white, a natural manifestation of its main active ingredient, the flavonoid dihydromyricetin. Due to its rich flavonoid content, it is known as the "King of Flavonoids" in the plant world. Kalanchoe vine is rich in protein, fat, carotene, vitamin E, iron, zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium, and selenium. It is particularly rich in flavonoids, reaching a high content of 45.52%, primarily dihydromyricetin, myricetin, and myricetin. After agricultural fermentation, cigar tobacco leaves are often fermented industrially to further improve their quality and address issues such as poor maturity and lack of aroma in lower-quality leaves. During industrial fermentation, substances with microbial activity or rich in fatty acids, amino acids, and other substances that can be converted into tobacco flavor components are often added to the leaves as a fermentation medium. Adding these substances to the fermented tobacco leaves enhances the richness of the aroma, modifies the smoke, reduces irritation, and improves tobacco quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a method for applying a Kaempferia schrenkiana extract in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco. The substance used in the present invention is a Kaempferia schrenkiana extract, which is rich in flavonoids and also contains fatty acids, amino acids, and other substances that are prerequisites for the formation of cigar tobacco flavor substances. Adding Kaempferia schrenkiana extract to cigar tobacco during industrial fermentation can significantly enhance the milky and cocoa aromas in the tobacco leaves, increase the richness, maturity, and mellowness of the tobacco aroma, soften the smoke, and increase the sweetness of the tobacco leaves.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The method for applying the Kalanchoe schizandrae extract in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Take fresh Kalanchoe chinensis, wash it, and grind it in a mortar. Take the ground solids, add the extraction solvent, let it stand, and then filter the obtained extraction solution for later use;

[0007] (2) preparing cigar tobacco leaves, diluting the extraction solution obtained in step (1) with deionized water, spraying the diluted solution evenly on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves, and then placing the cigar tobacco leaves into a sack for fermentation;

[0008] (3) After fermentation is completed, the fermented cigar tobacco leaves are taken out and rolled according to the sample tobacco specifications, and moisture balance curing is carried out.

[0009] Optionally, in step (1), the extraction solvent is one or more of water, ethylene glycol, and glycerol.

[0010] Optionally, in step (1), the extraction solvent is added at a mass ratio of 1:5 between the ground solids of Kalanchoe ulmoides and the extraction solvent, and the extraction solvent is allowed to stand for at least 2 hours after addition.

[0011] Optionally, in step (1), the extraction solvent is added and then allowed to stand for 2 hours.

[0012] Optionally, in step (2), the mass ratio of the extraction solution to deionized water is 1:9.

[0013] Optionally, in step (2), the diluted solution is sprayed on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves at a mass ratio of the diluted solution to the cigar tobacco leaves of 1‰-5‰:1.

[0014] Optionally, in step (2), the fermentation humidity of the cigar tobacco leaves sprayed with the diluted solution is 70-80%, the temperature is 30-40° C., and the fermentation period is 30-40 days.

[0015] Preferably, in step (2), the fermentation humidity of the cigar tobacco leaves sprayed with the diluted solution is 75%, the temperature is 35° C., and the fermentation period is 30 days.

[0016] Optionally, in step (3), the rolled cigars are placed in a cigar cabinet at a temperature of 20° C. and a relative humidity of 75% for moisture balance curing for 7 days until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves reaches approximately 20±1%.

[0017] Optionally, in step (3), the cigar is rolled to a length of 90 mm and a ring diameter of 53.4 mm.

[0018] Optionally, in step (2), the cigar tobacco leaves are tobacco leaves of a single variety from a single production area, or the cigar tobacco leaves are a combination of tobacco leaves of different varieties from different production areas.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the present invention is the first time that the extract of Kalanchoe vulgaris is used in cigar fermentation. The content of aroma components in cigar tobacco leaves treated by the method provided by the present invention is significantly improved, the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves is significantly improved, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is significantly improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Wash fresh Kalanchoe vine, grind it in a mortar, take the ground solids, add 5 times the weight of Kalanchoe vine in water, let it stand, and then filter to obtain Kalanchoe vine extract solution for later use;

[0023] 50 kg of Chuxue 26 upper, second-grade cigar tobacco leaves were prepared. 500 ml of Kalanchoe schefflera extract solution and 4500 mL of deionized water were mixed to create a diluted solution. The solution was evenly sprayed onto the leaves at a ratio of 1‰ to 5‰ (w / w) of diluted solution to the leaves. The leaves were then placed in burlap bags. The bags were placed in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for fermentation under the following conditions: 75% humidity, 35°C, and a fermentation period of 30 days. After fermentation, the cigars were rolled to a length of 90 mm and a ring diameter of 53.4 mm. The rolled cigars were then placed in a cigar cabinet at 20°C and 75% relative humidity for 7 days to achieve a moisture content of 20 ± 1%. The aroma components of the cigar samples were then tested and sensory evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0024] In addition, the extract of Kalanchoe schizophreniae was replaced with pure water, and a blank control group experiment was carried out according to the same steps.

[0025] The main aroma compounds were determined using the following method: Sample pretreatment: Approximately 1 g of crushed tobacco leaf sample was placed in a 22 mL headspace vial, sealed with a cap, and extracted using a manual solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device. An automated headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) device equipped with a 50 / 30 μm DVB / CAR / PDMS fiber was exposed to the headspace of the sample vial. Extraction was performed at 60°C for 30 minutes at a needle speed of 20 mm / s. After extraction, desorption was performed on a GC analyzer at 250°C in splitless mode for 1 minute, and volatile compounds were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

[0026] GC conditions: RTX-waxMS column, flow rate 1.0 mL / min, helium as carrier gas, inlet temperature 250°C. Temperature program: 60°C for 2 min, initially at 10°C / min to 110°C, then at 3°C / min to 150°C, and finally at 15°C / min to 230°C, where the temperature was held for 20 min.

[0027] MS conditions: electron impact ion source (EI), ion source temperature 230°C, quadrupole temperature 150°C, transfer line temperature 230°C; electron energy: 70 eV, electron multiplier voltage: 1500 V; scanning mass range: 45-350 m / z.

[0028] The identification of volatile compounds was based on comparative analysis between the computer spectral libraries WILEY 8.0 and NIST 14. Only identification results with a positive and negative similarity greater than 800 were reported. The relative content was calculated using the area normalization method.

[0029] Table 1 Effect of fermentation of Kalanchoe schefflera extract on aroma components of Chuxue 26 upper second grade cigar tobacco leaves

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Table 2 Effects of fermentation of Kalanchoe chinensis extract on sensory quality of Chuxue 26 upper second grade cigar tobacco leaves

[0034]

[0035] The analysis of the aroma components of the cigar samples above indicates that fermentation with the addition of Kalanchoe vine extract to Chuxue No. 26 tobacco leaves increased the levels of common aroma components found in cigars, such as solanone, dihydroactinol, megastigmatrienone, and neophytadiene. These substances help reduce tobacco irritation and increase both the quality and volume of its aroma. The levels of linalool oxide (pyranose), indoles, and methyl jasmonate, commonly found in Kalanchoe vine, also increased significantly in the cigar leaves, contributing to their unique aroma.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The Kalanchoe cao extract solution of Example 1 was used.

[0038] 50 kg of Chuxue 80 mid-grade, second-grade cigar tobacco leaves were prepared. 500 ml of Kalanchoe schefflera extract solution and 4500 mL of deionized water were mixed to prepare a diluted solution. The solution was evenly sprayed onto the leaves at a ratio of 1‰ to 5‰ (w / w) of diluted solution to the leaves. The leaves were then placed in burlap bags. The bags were placed in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for fermentation under the following conditions: 75% humidity, 35°C, and a 30-day cycle. After fermentation, the cigars were rolled to a length of 90 mm and a ring diameter of 53.4 mm. The rolled cigars were then placed in a cigar cabinet at 20°C and 75% relative humidity for 7 days to achieve a moisture content of 20 ± 1%. The aroma components of the cigar samples were then analyzed and sensory evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. A blank control experiment was also conducted using the same procedure, but the Kalanchoe schefflera extract was replaced with pure water.

[0039] Sample preparation: Approximately 1 g of crushed tobacco leaf sample was placed in a 22 mL headspace vial, sealed with a cap, and extracted using a manual solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device. An automated headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) device equipped with a 50 / 30 μm DVB / CAR / PDMS fiber was exposed to the headspace of the sample vial. Extraction was performed at 60°C for 30 min at a needle speed of 20 mm / s. Following extraction, desorption was performed on a GC analyzer at 250°C in splitless mode for 1 min, and volatile compounds were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

[0040] GC conditions: RTX-waxMS column, flow rate 1.0 mL / min, helium as carrier gas, inlet temperature 250°C. Temperature program: 60°C for 2 min, initially at 10°C / min to 110°C, then at 3°C / min to 150°C, and finally at 15°C / min to 230°C, where the temperature was held for 20 min.

[0041] MS conditions: electron impact ion source (EI), ion source temperature 230°C, quadrupole temperature 150°C, transfer line temperature 230°C; electron energy: 70 eV, electron multiplier voltage: 1500 V; scanning mass range: 45-350 m / z.

[0042] The identification of volatile compounds was based on comparative analysis between the computer spectral libraries WILEY 8.0 and NIST 14. Only identification results with a positive and negative similarity greater than 800 were reported. The relative content was calculated using the area normalization method.

[0043] Table 3 Effects of fermentation of Kalanchoe schefflera extract on aroma components of Chuxue 80 middle grade 2 cigar tobacco leaves

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Table 4 Effects of fermentation of Kalanchoe schefflera extract on sensory quality of Chuxue 80 middle grade 2 cigar tobacco leaves

[0047]

[0048] The analysis of the aroma components of the cigar samples above indicates that fermentation with the addition of Kalanchoe vine extract to Chuxue No. 80 tobacco leaves increased the levels of common aroma components found in cigars, such as solanone, dihydroactinol, megastigmatrienone, and neophytadiene. These substances help reduce tobacco irritation and increase both the quality and volume of its aroma. The levels of linalool oxide (pyranose), indoles, and methyl jasmonate, commonly found in Kalanchoe vine, also increased significantly in the cigar leaves, contributing to their unique aroma.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The Kalanchoe cao extract solution of Example 1 was used.

[0051] 50 kg of Dexue No. 1 mid-grade, second-grade cigar tobacco leaves were prepared. 500 ml of Kaempferia schefflera extract solution and 4500 mL of deionized water were mixed to prepare a diluted solution. The diluted solution was evenly sprayed onto the leaves at a ratio of 1‰ to 5‰ (w / w) of the diluted solution to the leaves. The leaves were then placed in burlap bags. The bags were placed in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for fermentation under conditions of 75% humidity, 35°C, and a 30-day cycle. After fermentation, the cigars were rolled to a length of 90 mm and a ring diameter of 53.4 mm. The rolled cigars were then placed in a humidor at 20°C and 75% relative humidity for 7 days to achieve a moisture content of 20±1%. The aroma components of the cigar samples were then analyzed and sensory evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 5 and 6. A blank control experiment was also conducted using the same procedure, but the Kaempferia schefflera extract was replaced with pure water.

[0052] Sample preparation: Approximately 1 g of crushed tobacco leaf sample was placed in a 22 mL headspace vial, sealed with a cap, and extracted using a manual solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device. An automated headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) device equipped with a 50 / 30 μm DVB / CAR / PDMS fiber was exposed to the headspace of the sample vial. Extraction was performed at 60°C for 30 min at a needle speed of 20 mm / s. Following extraction, desorption was performed on a GC analyzer at 250°C in splitless mode for 1 min, and volatile compounds were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

[0053] GC conditions: RTX-waxMS column, flow rate 1.0 mL / min, helium as carrier gas, inlet temperature 250°C. Temperature program: 60°C for 2 min, initially at 10°C / min to 110°C, then at 3°C / min to 150°C, and finally at 15°C / min to 230°C, where the temperature was held for 20 min.

[0054] MS conditions: electron impact ion source (EI), ion source temperature 230°C, quadrupole temperature 150°C, transfer line temperature 230°C; electron energy: 70 eV, electron multiplier voltage: 1500 V; scanning mass range: 45-350 m / z.

[0055] The identification of volatile compounds was based on comparative analysis between the computer spectral libraries WILEY 8.0 and NIST 14. Only identification results with a positive and negative similarity greater than 800 were reported. The relative content was calculated using the area normalization method.

[0056] Table 5 Effects of fermentation of Kalanchoe chinensis extract on aroma components of Dexue No. 1 middle grade 2 cigar tobacco leaves

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Table 6 Effects of fermentation of Kalanchoe chinensis extract on sensory quality of Dexue No. 1 middle grade 2 cigar tobacco leaves

[0060]

[0061] The analysis of the aroma components of the cigar samples above indicates that fermentation with the addition of Kalanchoe vine extract to Dexue No. 1 tobacco leaves increases the levels of common aroma components found in cigars, such as solanone, dihydroactinol, megastigmatrienone, and neophytadiene. These substances help reduce tobacco irritation and increase both the quality and volume of its aroma. The levels of linalool oxide (pyranose), indoles, and methyl jasmonate, commonly found in Kalanchoe vine, also increase significantly in cigar leaves, contributing to their unique aroma.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to illustrative embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise numerous other modifications and implementations that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, within the scope disclosed herein, various variations and improvements may be made to the components and / or layout of the subject combination layout. In addition to variations and improvements made to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for applying the extract of Kalanchoe chinensis to the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Grind the Kalanchoe vine, add the extraction solvent after grinding, let it stand, and filter the obtained extraction solution for later use; (2) preparing cigar tobacco leaves, diluting the extraction solution obtained in step (1) with deionized water, spraying the diluted solution evenly on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves, and then placing the cigar tobacco leaves into a sack for fermentation; (3) After fermentation is completed, the fermented cigar tobacco leaves are taken out and rolled according to the sample tobacco specifications, and moisture balance curing is performed; In step (1), the extraction solvent is one or more of water, ethylene glycol, and glycerol.

2. The method for applying the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (1), the extraction solvent is added at a mass ratio of 1:5 between the ground solids of Kalanchoe chinensis and the extraction solvent, and the extraction solvent is allowed to stand for at least 2 hours after addition.

3. The method for applying the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of the extraction solution to deionized water is 1:

9.

4. The method for applying the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (2), the diluted solution is sprayed on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves at a mass ratio of the diluted solution to the cigar tobacco leaves of 1‰-5‰:

1.

5. The method for using the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (2), the fermentation humidity of the cigar tobacco leaves sprayed with the diluted solution is 70-80%, the temperature is 30-40°C, and the fermentation period is 30-40 days.

6. The method for using the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (2), the fermentation humidity of the cigar tobacco leaves sprayed with the diluted solution is 75%, the temperature is 35°C, and the fermentation period is 30 days.

7. The method for using the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (3), the rolled cigars are placed in a cigar cabinet at a temperature of 20° C. and a relative humidity of 75% for moisture balance maintenance for 7 days.

8. The method for using the Kalanchoe schizophreniae extract according to claim 1 in the industrial fermentation process of cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that: In step (2), the cigar tobacco leaves are tobacco leaves of a single variety from a single production area, or the cigar tobacco leaves are a combination of tobacco leaves of different varieties from different production areas.

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