Scale model test device and test method for verifying IFV process calculations

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of liquid natural gas gasification, and particularly relates to a proportional model test device and a test method for verifying IFV process calculation. The proportional model test device for verifying IFV process calculation comprises a proportional model and liquid simulation medium pipelines and high-temperature medium pipelines. The proportional model comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger arranged in sequence from bottom to top, which share a set of shell side cylinders. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger form a heat exchange module, and a third heat exchanger with an independent shell side cylinder is arranged above the heat exchange module. An intermediate medium is arranged in the shell side of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The present application has the characteristics of small floor area and low operation cost, and is beneficial for designers to complete the verification of IFV process calculation in the laboratory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquefied natural gas gasification technology, specifically to a scaled-up prototype test apparatus and test method for verifying IFV process calculations. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, the process calculation results for heat exchangers often differ significantly from actual operating conditions, especially for some newer heat exchangers. To verify the process calculation results, validation testing of the heat exchanger product is usually required; however, for large-scale heat exchanger products required in industrial production, it is impossible to verify the process calculation results by testing them in a laboratory using experimental testing systems. Figure 1 The image shows an in-process vaporizer (IFV) with an intermediate heat transfer medium, widely used in the vaporization section of liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving terminals. This vaporizer utilizes seawater to vaporize LNG for domestic and industrial use. It is characterized by its large scale, complex structure, and high operating costs, making it unsuitable for indoor research and development and the verification of process calculations. Without experimental verification of the process calculation results, significant deviations in the calculations will render the manufactured products unusable, inevitably leading to unnecessary economic losses. Therefore, a solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a scaled-down prototype testing device for verifying IFV process calculations. This device features a small footprint and low operating costs, facilitating designers to complete IFV process calculation verification in the laboratory. This invention also provides a testing method, thereby enabling convenient and accurate verification of IFV process calculations in the laboratory.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A scaled-scale prototype testing apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations, characterized in that it includes a scaled-scale prototype, liquid simulation medium pipelines, and high-temperature medium pipelines, wherein:

[0006] The scale prototype includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger arranged sequentially from bottom to top, sharing a common set of shell-side cylinders. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger form a heat exchange module, and a third heat exchanger with an independent shell-side cylinder is also provided above the heat exchange module.

[0007] The liquid simulated medium, pumped from the storage tank, sequentially passes through a first flow meter L1, the tube side of the second heat exchanger, and the shell side of the third heat exchanger before being output to the tail-end exhaust device. A first pressure sensor P1 and a first temperature sensor T1 are installed on the section of the liquid simulated medium pipeline before the tube side inlet of the second heat exchanger. A second pressure sensor P2 and a second temperature sensor T2 are installed on the section of the liquid simulated medium pipeline between the tube side outlet of the second heat exchanger and the shell side inlet of the third heat exchanger. A third pressure sensor P3 and a third temperature sensor T3 are installed on the section of the liquid simulated medium pipeline between the tube side outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the gaseous medium processing equipment. The two ends of a first differential pressure sensor PA1 are bridged to the tube side inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger, respectively. The two ends of a second differential pressure sensor PA2 are bridged to the shell side inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger, respectively. A flow regulating valve LV and a pressure regulating valve PV are also installed on the liquid simulated medium pipeline.

[0008] The high-temperature medium, pumped from the storage tank, flows sequentially through the second flow meter L2, the first three-way valve TPV1, the third flow meter L3, the tube side of the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve TPV2, the fourth flow meter L4, and the tube side of the first heat exchanger before returning to the storage tank. A fourth pressure sensor P4 and a fourth temperature sensor T4 are installed on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between the third flow meter and the tube side inlet of the third heat exchanger. A fifth pressure sensor P5 and a sixth temperature sensor T6 are installed on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between the tube side outlet of the third heat exchanger and the tube side inlet of the first heat exchanger. A seventh temperature sensor T7 is installed on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between the tube side outlet of the first heat exchanger and the storage tank. The two ends of the third differential pressure sensor PA3 are bridged to the tube side inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger, respectively. The two ends of the fourth differential pressure sensor PA4 are bridged to the tube side inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger, respectively.

[0009] The high-temperature medium pipeline also includes a first bypass and a second bypass. The first bypass is led out from the bypass outlet of the first three-way valve TPV1 and directly connected to the inlet of the second three-way valve TPV2. The second bypass is led out from the bypass outlet of the second three-way valve TPV2 and directly connected to the inlet of the storage tank.

[0010] The shell side of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger contains an intermediate medium. After being heated by the high-temperature medium in the tube side of the first heat exchanger, the intermediate medium changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state. It then rises and exchanges heat with the liquid simulated medium in the tube side of the second heat exchanger, thereby vaporizing the liquid simulated medium. The test device also includes an eighth temperature sensor T8 and an eighth pressure sensor P8 for monitoring the temperature of the intermediate medium.

[0011] Preferably, the fifth temperature sensor T5 and the fifth pressure sensor P5 are located on a section of high-temperature medium pipeline between the tube-side outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the second three-way valve TPV2; the sixth temperature sensor T6 and the sixth pressure sensor P6 are located on a section of high-temperature medium pipeline between the fourth flow meter and the tube-side inlet of the first heat exchanger.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid simulation medium is nitrogen. After being discharged from the storage tank, the liquid simulation medium passes through a plunger pump and a flow regulating valve LV in sequence before entering the first flow meter L1. The tail-end exhaust device includes a nitrogen buffer tank, an outlet silencer, and an exhaust end connected to the external atmospheric environment, arranged in sequence along the nitrogen travel path. The pressure regulating valve PV is located between the nitrogen buffer tank and the outlet silencer.

[0013] Preferably, the high-temperature medium is water, and a heater for heating is installed in the storage tank. The heated high-temperature medium is pumped out by a circulating pump.

[0014] Preferably, the intermediate medium is propane.

[0015] Preferably, a first drain valve V1 is arranged at the tube-side outlet of the third heat exchanger, and a second drain valve V2 is arranged at the tube-side outlet of the first heat exchanger.

[0016] Preferably, a check valve CV is installed on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between the outlet of the circulating pump and the inlet of the second flow meter to prevent backflow.

[0017] The storage tank is equipped with a pressure display, and the storage container is equipped with a temperature display and a flushing / draining function; both the plunger pump and the circulation pump are variable frequency pumps.

[0018] Preferably, the test method, which applies the aforementioned scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0019] 1) Control the total flow rate of the high-temperature medium in the high-temperature medium pipeline to the required value; adjust the opening of the first three-way valve TPV1 and the second three-way valve TPV2 to realize the opening, closing and regulation control of the first bypass and the second bypass. At this time, due to the parallel action of the first bypass and the second bypass, the water flow regulation process in the third heat exchanger tube side and the first heat exchanger tube side does not affect each other.

[0020] 2) Adjust the water flow rate in the tube side of the third heat exchanger and the tube side of the first heat exchanger to the test value until the readings of the second flow meter L2, the third flow meter L3 and the fourth flow meter L4 reach the test value. Open the liquid simulation medium pipeline and control the flow rate of the liquid simulation medium until the reading of the first flow meter L1 reaches the test value and stabilizes.

[0021] 3) Adjust the opening of the pressure regulating valve to adjust the pressure in the tube side of the second heat exchanger and the shell side of the third heat exchanger until the readings of the first pressure sensor P1, the second pressure sensor P2 and the third pressure sensor P3 reach the test value and stabilize.

[0022] 4) Control the temperature of the high-temperature medium until the readings of the fourth temperature sensor T4, the fifth temperature sensor T5, the sixth temperature sensor T6, and the seventh temperature sensor T7 reach the test value and stabilize.

[0023] 5) During the temperature rise of the high-temperature medium, the high-temperature medium in the tube side of the first heat exchanger begins to heat the intermediate medium. After the intermediate medium vaporizes, it comes into contact with the tube side of the second heat exchanger and condenses. The condensed intermediate medium will fall back to the bottom of the shell side of the second and third heat exchangers. During this process, the readings of all instruments in the high-temperature medium pipeline and the readings of all instruments in the liquid simulation medium pipeline will fluctuate. At this time, it is necessary to wait for the readings of each instrument to stabilize again.

[0024] 6) Record the readings of each temperature sensor, pressure sensor, differential pressure sensor, and flow meter to form the first set of test data; then, keep the high-temperature medium parameters and the pressure in the liquid simulated medium pipeline constant, adjust the flow rate of the liquid simulated medium to the next test value, and wait for the readings of all instruments to stabilize before recording the second set of test data.

[0025] 7) Repeat step 6) until all operating conditions have been tested.

[0026] Preferably, the test preparation phase is set up before step 1), including:

[0027] High-temperature medium pipeline preparation process: First, add the corresponding medium to the storage tank of the high-temperature medium pipeline, open the high-temperature medium pipeline, purge the air in the high-temperature medium pipeline and the corresponding pipe section, and control the high-temperature medium temperature to the set value, and make the readings of the fifth temperature sensor T5 and the seventh temperature sensor T7 both greater than zero.

[0028] Liquid simulation medium pipeline preparation process: First, replenish the corresponding medium to the target liquid level in the storage tank of the liquid simulation medium pipeline, and ensure that the flow control valve and pressure control valve are both closed; first, complete the pre-cooling process of the plunger pump body and the pipeline before the pump. After the plunger pump body and the pipeline before the pump are pre-cooled, open the flow control valve LV to complete the pre-cooling process of the pipeline after the pump, as well as the tube side of the second heat exchanger and the shell side of the third heat exchanger.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. Compared with the traditional intermediate medium vaporizer, the scale prototype of this invention, by separating the third heat exchanger and moving it upwards as a whole, not only reduces the lateral dimension of the intermediate medium vaporizer and extends its height, thus achieving the purpose of reducing space costs and making it easier to install, replace, and build the entire system, but also has lower operating costs. At the same time, since the third heat exchanger is located at the top, it can better utilize the characteristic of the liquid simulated medium to form a gaseous state and rise after heat exchange, realizing the purpose of testing the thermal performance of the intermediate medium vaporizer in a laboratory environment that is close to the real working condition, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test data. Obviously, this is beneficial for designers to complete IFV process calculation verification in the laboratory.

[0031] 2. By setting a first bypass and a second bypass, the present invention can achieve both the same water flow rate in the third heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger and a different water flow rate in the third heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger, thereby enabling flexible adjustment of the water flow rate in the third heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger. It can also simultaneously perform thermal performance tests on the third heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger under different flow rate conditions.

[0032] 3. This invention uses a high-temperature medium pipeline to replace the seawater in the IFV, thereby providing heat for the scale prototype; by optimizing the water and heater, temperature control is more convenient, heating efficiency can be adjusted more flexibly, and heat regulation response is fast, enabling thermal performance testing of the scale prototype under different heat load operating conditions.

[0033] 4. By setting up corresponding pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and differential pressure sensors, and through PLC control or other existing control methods, this invention can simultaneously monitor the flow rate, temperature, and differential pressure in different pipelines and equipment, and use the acquired test data to complete the thermal performance design verification of each component of the prototype, which is extremely efficient.

[0034] 5. The present invention preferably uses a liquid nitrogen system instead of a natural gas system in the IFV, which can improve the safety of the test process and increase the feasibility and flexibility of the test.

[0035] 6. The high-temperature medium pipeline and the liquid nitrogen system forming the liquid simulated medium pipeline of the present invention both use variable frequency pumps as corresponding plunger pumps and circulation pumps. By adjusting the output frequency of the variable frequency pump, the flow rate entering the proportional prototype can be adjusted, thereby achieving the purpose of thermal performance testing under different flow rate combinations of IFV.

[0036] 7. This invention adds a pressure regulating valve to the tail-end exhaust device; during operation, the pressure and flow rate in the liquid nitrogen system can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the opening of the plunger pump in conjunction with the flow regulating valve, supplemented by the online monitoring of the pressure regulating valve, ultimately realizing the test results of the liquid nitrogen system under supercritical and non-supercritical pressures. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate medium vaporizer in the vaporization section of an existing liquefied natural gas receiving terminal.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0039] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in this invention is as follows:

[0040] 11-First heat exchanger 12-Second heat exchanger 13-Third heat exchanger

[0041] 21-Storage tank 22-Plunger pump 23-Nitrogen buffer tank 24-Outlet silencer

[0042] 30a - First Bypass 30b - First Bypass 31 - Storage Tank 32 - Circulation Pump Detailed Implementation

[0043] The specific implementation structure of this invention can be referred to Figure 2 As shown, for ease of quick understanding, water is used directly as the high-temperature medium, while liquefied nitrogen is used as the liquid simulation medium, and propane is used as the intermediate medium; the explanation is as follows:

[0044] like Figure 2 The illustrated scale model experimental setup for verifying IFV process calculations includes a scale model, a high-temperature medium pipeline, and a liquid simulated medium pipeline. In this setup, the high-temperature medium pipeline essentially constitutes a hot water circulation pipeline, and the liquid simulated medium pipeline constitutes a liquid nitrogen system.

[0045] I. Prototype

[0046] The first heat exchanger 11, the second heat exchanger 12, and the third heat exchanger 13 constitute a scale prototype. The first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 share a common shell-side casing, and the third heat exchanger 13 is fixed above the common shell-side casing of the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 by support legs. The third heat exchanger 13 adopts the following... Figure 2 The shell-side portion is shown to separate it from the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12.

[0047] II. Liquid Simulation Medium Piping

[0048] The liquid nitrogen system, also known as the liquid simulation medium pipeline, is used to simulate the operation of liquefied natural gas in an IFV.

[0049] The liquid nitrogen system includes, in sequence, a storage tank 21, a plunger pump 22, a first flow meter L1, a tube side of a second heat exchanger 12, a shell side of a third heat exchanger 13, a nitrogen buffer tank 23, a pressure regulating valve PV, an outlet silencer 24, and an outlet end. The inlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12 is equipped with a first pressure sensor P1, a first temperature sensor T1, and a first differential pressure sensor PA1. The pipeline connecting the outlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12 and the inlet of the shell side of the third heat exchanger 13 is equipped with a second pressure sensor P2, a second temperature sensor T2, and a second differential pressure sensor PA2. The outlet of the shell side of the third heat exchanger 13 is equipped with a third temperature sensor T3 and a third pressure sensor P3.

[0050] The storage tank 21 and nitrogen buffer tank 23 of the liquid simulated medium pipeline can be equipped with pressure display, temperature display and safety alarm functions.

[0051] The liquid nitrogen system, also known as the liquid simulation medium pipeline, is connected in sequence to valves including a flow regulating valve LV and a pressure regulating valve PV.

[0052] High-temperature medium pipeline: used to provide heated high-temperature medium to the thermal performance testing system, simulating the process of heating intermediate medium and natural gas from seawater.

[0053] III. High-Temperature Medium Piping

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature medium pipeline includes a storage tank 31, a circulating pump 32, a second flow meter L2, a third flow meter L3, a third heat exchanger 13 (tube side), a fourth flow meter L4, and a first heat exchanger 11 (tube side) connected in sequence. The inlet of the third heat exchanger 13 (tube side) is equipped with a fourth pressure sensor P4, a fourth temperature sensor T4, and a third differential pressure sensor PA3. The outlet of the third heat exchanger 13 (tube side) is equipped with a fifth temperature sensor T5 and a fifth pressure sensor P5. The inlet of the first heat exchanger 11 (tube side) is equipped with a sixth pressure sensor P6, a sixth temperature sensor T6, and a fourth differential pressure sensor PA4. The outlet of the first heat exchanger 11 (tube side) is equipped with a seventh temperature sensor T7 and a seventh pressure sensor P7.

[0055] During installation, the first differential pressure sensor PA1 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12; the second differential pressure sensor PA2 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the shell side of the third heat exchanger 13; the third differential pressure sensor PA3 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13; and the fourth differential pressure sensor PA4 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11.

[0056] The storage tank 31 of the high-temperature medium pipeline is equipped with an electric heater. The electric heater is a cluster-type electric heater, which has the functions of power regulation and measurement of the temperature of the high-temperature medium, i.e., water. The valves installed in sequence in the high-temperature medium pipeline are a check valve, a first three-way valve TPV1, a first drain valve V1, a second three-way valve TPV2, and a second drain valve V2.

[0057] Both the plunger pump 22 and the circulating pump 32 can be driven by variable frequency motors, and the motor speed can be controlled by a frequency converter, which can respectively realize the flow regulation of liquid nitrogen and high temperature medium.

[0058] During installation, a first bypass 30a is formed in parallel with the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13 via the first three-way valve TPV1; a second bypass 30b is formed in parallel with the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 via the second three-way valve TPV2. See details [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 As shown.

[0059] Based on the above structure, an eighth temperature sensor T8 and an eighth pressure sensor P8 are installed on the outer wall of the common shell-side cylinder of the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12. These sensors are used to measure the temperature and pressure of propane inside the shell-side, i.e., propane is contained in the shell-side as an intermediate medium. The propane, as an intermediate medium, is heated by water in the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 and vaporizes, rising upwards. The propane gas contacts the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12 and is absorbed and condensed into liquid by liquid nitrogen in the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12, eventually falling back to the bottom of the shell-side. The liquid nitrogen should be completely vaporized during its journey from the inlet to the outlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12. The vaporized nitrogen flows into the shell side of the third heat exchanger 13, where high-temperature water flows through the tube side. The nitrogen and water further exchange heat in the third heat exchanger 13, ultimately reaching the temperature required for the experiment.

[0060] The entire experimental apparatus of this invention can be controlled by a PLC or existing control technology. Data measured by various temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters, etc., can be acquired in real time and transmitted to a computer. Each variable frequency pump can also be controlled by a frequency converter, and both manual and automatic operation modes can be achieved using measurement and control software. The output power of the electric heater can also be controlled, and both manual and automatic output power control modes can be achieved using measurement and control software.

[0061] Accordingly, based on the above-mentioned experimental setup, the present invention also provides a test method for a scaled prototype experimental setup for verifying IFV process calculations, comprising the following steps:

[0062] A. Test Preparation:

[0063] First, open the high-temperature medium pipeline and fill the storage tank 31 with water. Open the storage tank 31 and adjust the opening of the first three-way valve TPV1 and the second three-way valve TPV2 to ensure sufficient water flows through the first bypass 30a, the second bypass 30b, the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13, and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11. Start the circulation pump 32 in the high-temperature medium pipeline to purge the air from the corresponding pipelines, the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13, and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 using the high-temperature medium. Then, turn on the switch of the electric heater in the storage tank 31 and adjust the power of the electric heater to heat the water in the storage tank 31 to the set temperature, thereby ensuring that the readings of the fifth temperature sensor T5 and the seventh temperature sensor T7 are always greater than zero after the liquid nitrogen system starts working.

[0064] Slowly fill the liquid nitrogen system's storage tank 21 with liquid nitrogen to the target level. Before introducing liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen pipeline, ensure that both the flow control valve LV and the pressure control valve PV are closed. First, complete the pre-cooling process of the pipeline before the pump and the pump body of the plunger pump 22. After the pre-cooling of the pipeline before the pump and the pump body of the plunger pump 22 is completed, open the flow control valve LV to complete the pre-cooling operation of the liquid nitrogen pipeline after the pump and the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12 and the shell side of the third heat exchanger 13 in the proportional prototype.

[0065] B. Start the test:

[0066] Adjust the operating frequency of the circulating pump 32 in the high-temperature medium pipeline to control the total water flow rate in the high-temperature medium pipeline to the required value. Adjust the opening of the first three-way valve TPV1 and the second three-way valve TPV2 to open the first bypass 30a and the second bypass 30b. Under the action of this bypass, the water flow rate adjustment process in the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13 and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 does not affect each other. At this time, adjust the water flow rate in the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13 and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 to the test value. Until the readings of the second flow meter L2, the third flow meter L3, and the fourth flow meter L4 reach the test value and stabilize for the set time, turn on the plunger pump 22 of the liquid nitrogen system and adjust the operating frequency of the plunger pump 22 to control the flow rate of liquid nitrogen in the pipeline. Wait until the reading of the first flow meter L1 reaches the test value and stabilizes for the set time.

[0067] Adjust the opening of the pressure regulating valve PV on the outlet pipeline of the nitrogen buffer tank 23 to regulate the pressure of the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12 and the shell side of the third heat exchanger 13 until the readings of the first pressure sensor P1, the second pressure sensor P2 and the third pressure sensor P3 in the liquid simulation medium pipeline reach the test value and stabilize for the set time.

[0068] Adjust the output power of the electric heater in the storage tank 31 of the high-temperature medium pipeline to control the water temperature to rise at a certain rate until the readings of the fourth temperature sensor T4, the fifth temperature sensor T5, the sixth temperature sensor T6 and the seventh temperature sensor T7 reach the test value and stabilize for the set time.

[0069] During the process of water temperature rise, the water in the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 begins to heat the propane. After the propane vaporizes, it will come into contact with the tube side of the second heat exchanger 12 and condense. The condensed liquid propane will fall back to the bottom of the shell side of the second heat exchanger 12 and the third heat exchanger 13. During this process, the readings of all instruments in the high-temperature medium pipeline and the readings of all instruments in the liquid simulation medium pipeline will fluctuate. At this time, it is necessary to wait for the readings of each instrument to stabilize again.

[0070] Once all instrument readings in the high-temperature medium pipeline and the liquid simulated medium pipeline have stabilized, record the readings of each temperature sensor, pressure sensor, differential pressure sensor, and flow meter to form the first set of test data. Then, while keeping the high-temperature medium parameters and the pressure in the liquid simulated medium pipeline constant, adjust the flow rate of the liquid simulated medium to the next test value. After waiting for all instrument readings to stabilize again, record the second set of test data. Repeat this operation until all operating conditions have been tested.

[0071] The test data includes the pressure value of the first pressure sensor P1, the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1, the differential pressure value of the first differential pressure sensor PA1; the pressure value of the second pressure sensor P2, the temperature value of the second temperature sensor T2, the differential pressure value of the second differential pressure sensor PA2, the pressure value of the third pressure sensor P3, the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3, the pressure value of the fourth pressure sensor P4, the temperature value of the fourth temperature sensor T4, the differential pressure value of the fourth differential pressure sensor P5, the pressure value of the fifth pressure sensor P5, the temperature value of the fifth temperature sensor T5, the pressure value of the sixth pressure sensor P6, the temperature value of the sixth temperature sensor T6, the differential pressure value of the sixth differential pressure sensor PA6, the pressure value of the seventh pressure sensor P7, the temperature value of the seventh temperature sensor T7, the pressure value of the eighth pressure sensor P8, the temperature value of the eighth temperature sensor T8, the flow rate reading of the first flow meter L1, the flow rate reading of the second flow meter L2, the flow rate reading of the third flow meter L3, and the flow rate reading of the fourth flow meter L4.

[0072] If it is necessary to change the heat load on the water side for new thermal performance tests, the opening degrees of the first three-way valve TPV1 and the second three-way valve TPV2 can be directly adjusted to control the heat load in the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13 and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11, respectively. By eliminating the mutual influence of the water flow rate regulation in the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13 and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 through the first bypass 30a and the second bypass 30b, thermal performance tests with different combinations of high-temperature medium flow rates and different liquid nitrogen flow rates can be conducted again.

[0073] During the above tests, the pressure inside the tank can be monitored using the pressure display instrument built into the storage tank 21 to ensure that the device operates under safe pressure. Simultaneously, the heat load of the high-temperature medium pipeline can be adjusted by utilizing the water filling and discharging function of the storage tank 31, the temperature display function, and the power adjustment of the electric heater inside the storage tank 31. The flow rate in the liquid nitrogen system and the high-temperature medium pipeline can be adjusted by regulating the operating frequency of the plunger pump 22 and the circulating pump 32, respectively. The water volume in the tube side of the third heat exchanger 13 and the tube side of the first heat exchanger 11 can be independently adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first three-way valve TPV1 and the second three-way valve TPV2.

[0074] C. Test ends:

[0075] Adjust the opening of the pressure regulating valve PV to release the nitrogen pressure in the liquid simulated medium pipeline to atmospheric pressure; turn off the plunger pump 22 to stop the storage tank 21 from filling the liquid nitrogen system with liquid nitrogen.

[0076] Close the electric heater and circulating pump 32 in the storage tank 31 of the high-temperature medium pipeline, and open the outlet valve of the high-temperature medium storage tank 31, the first drain valve V1 and the second drain valve V2 in the high-temperature medium pipeline until the water in the high-temperature medium pipeline is drained.

[0077] Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0078] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0079] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A scale model test apparatus for validating IFV process calculations, characterized by: The proportional prototype and liquid simulation medium pipeline and high-temperature medium pipeline are included, wherein: The proportional prototype includes a first heat exchanger (11) and a second heat exchanger (12) arranged in sequence from bottom to top and sharing a set of shell side cylinders, so that the first heat exchanger (11) and the second heat exchanger (12) form a heat exchange module, and a third heat exchanger (13) with an independent shell side cylinder is further arranged above the heat exchange module; The liquid simulation medium in the liquid simulation medium pipeline is pumped out from a storage tank (21), sequentially passes through a first flow meter L1, a tube side of the second heat exchanger (12), a shell side of the third heat exchanger (13), and is then output to a tail end exhaust device; a first pressure sensor P1 and a first temperature sensor T1 are arranged on a section of the liquid simulation medium pipeline before an inlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12); a second pressure sensor P2 and a second temperature sensor T2 are arranged on a section of the liquid simulation medium pipeline between an outlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12) and an inlet of the shell side of the third heat exchanger (13); a third pressure sensor P3 and a third temperature sensor T3 are arranged on a section of the liquid simulation medium pipeline between an outlet of the tube side of the third heat exchanger (13) and an inlet of a gaseous medium treatment device; two ends of a first differential pressure sensor PA1 are bridged to an inlet and an outlet of the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12) respectively; two ends of a second differential pressure sensor PA2 are bridged to an inlet and an outlet of the shell side of the third heat exchanger (13) respectively; a flow regulating valve LV and a pressure regulating valve PV are further arranged on the liquid simulation medium pipeline; The high-temperature medium in the high-temperature medium pipeline is pumped out from a storage tank (31), sequentially passes through a second flow meter L2, a first three-way valve TPV1, a third flow meter L3, a tube side of the third heat exchanger (13), a second three-way valve TPV2, a fourth flow meter L4, a tube side of the first heat exchanger (11), and then flows back to the storage tank (31); a fourth pressure sensor P4 and a fourth temperature sensor T4 are arranged on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between the third flow meter L3 and an inlet of the tube side of the third heat exchanger (13); a fifth pressure sensor P5 and a sixth temperature sensor T6 are arranged on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between an outlet of the tube side of the third heat exchanger (13) and an inlet of the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11); a seventh temperature sensor T7 is arranged on a section of the high-temperature medium pipeline between an outlet of the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11) and the storage tank (31); two ends of a third differential pressure sensor PA3 are bridged to an inlet and an outlet of the tube side of the third heat exchanger (13) respectively, and two ends of a fourth differential pressure sensor PA4 are bridged to an inlet and an outlet of the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11) respectively; The high-temperature medium pipeline further includes a first bypass (30a) and a first bypass (30b); the first bypass (30a) is led out from a bypass outlet of the first three-way valve TPV1 and directly connected to an inlet of the second three-way valve TPV2; the first bypass (30b) is led out from a bypass outlet of the second three-way valve TPV2 and directly connected to an inlet of the storage tank (31); The shell side of the first heat exchanger (11) and the second heat exchanger (12) is provided with an intermediate medium, which is converted from liquid to gas by the high-temperature medium in the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11) and then exchanges heat with the liquid simulation medium in the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12) to gasify the liquid simulation medium; the test device further comprises an eighth temperature sensor T8 and an eighth pressure sensor P8 for monitoring the temperature of the intermediate medium.

2. A scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth temperature sensor T5 and the fifth pressure sensor P5 are arranged on a high-temperature medium pipeline between the tube side outlet of the third heat exchanger (13) and the inlet of the second three-way valve TPV2; the sixth temperature sensor T6 and the sixth pressure sensor P6 are arranged on a high-temperature medium pipeline between the fourth flow meter L4 and the tube side inlet of the first heat exchanger (11).

3. A scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid simulation medium is nitrogen, which is discharged from the storage tank (21), sequentially passes through the plunger pump (22) and the flow regulating valve LV, and then enters the first flow meter L1; the tail end exhaust device comprises a nitrogen buffer tank (23), an outlet muffler (24) and an exhaust end connected to the external atmosphere, which are arranged in sequence along the nitrogen path; and the pressure regulating valve PV is arranged between the nitrogen buffer tank (23) and the outlet muffler (24).

4. The scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations of claim 3, wherein: The high-temperature medium is water, and a heater is arranged at the storage tank (31) for heating the high-temperature medium.

5. A scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermediate medium is propane.

6. A scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: The tube side outlet of the third heat exchanger (13) is provided with the first blowdown valve V1, and the tube side outlet of the first heat exchanger (11) is provided with the second blowdown valve V2.

7. A scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A check valve CV is arranged on a high-temperature medium pipeline between the outlet of the circulating pump (32) and the inlet of the second flow meter L2 to prevent backflow.

8. A scale model test apparatus for verifying IFV process calculations according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A pressure display instrument is arranged on the storage tank (21), and a temperature display instrument is arranged at the storage tank (31) and has a flushing water function; the plunger pump (22) and the circulating pump (32) are variable frequency pumps.

9. Test method applying the scale model test rig for validating IFV process calculations according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: 1) The total flow of the high-temperature medium in the high-temperature medium pipeline is controlled to a required value; the opening degrees of the first three-way valve TPV1 and the second three-way valve TPV2 are adjusted to realize the opening and closing and adjustment control of the first bypass (30a) and the first bypass (30b); at this time, due to the parallel connection of the first bypass (30a) and the first bypass (30b), the water flow adjustment processes in the tube side of the third heat exchanger (13) and the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11) do not affect each other; 2) The water flow in the tube side of the third heat exchanger (13) and the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11) is adjusted to a test value until the readings of the second flow meter L2, the third flow meter L3 and the fourth flow meter L4 reach the test value; the liquid simulation medium pipeline is opened and the liquid simulation medium flow is controlled until the reading of the first flow meter L1 reaches the test value and stabilizes; 3) The opening degree of the pressure regulating valve is adjusted to adjust the pressure in the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12) and the shell side of the third heat exchanger (13) until the readings of the first pressure sensor P1, the second pressure sensor P2 and the third pressure sensor P3 reach the test value and stabilize. 4) Control the temperature of the high-temperature medium until the readings of the fourth temperature sensor T4, the fifth temperature sensor T5, the sixth temperature sensor T6, and the seventh temperature sensor T7 reach the test values and stabilize; 5) During the temperature rise of the high-temperature medium, the high-temperature medium in the tube side of the first heat exchanger (11) starts to heat the intermediate medium. After the intermediate medium vaporizes, it comes into contact with the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12) and condenses. The condensed intermediate medium in liquid state falls to the bottom of the shell side of the second heat exchanger (12) and the third heat exchanger (13). During this process, the readings of all instruments in the high-temperature medium pipeline and the readings of all instruments in the liquid analog medium pipeline will fluctuate. At this time, the readings of the instruments need to be stabilized again; 6) Record the readings of each temperature sensor, each pressure sensor, each differential pressure sensor, and each flowmeter to form the first set of test data. Then, maintain the high-temperature medium parameters and the pressure in the liquid analog medium pipeline unchanged, adjust the flow of the liquid analog medium to the next test value, and record the second set of test data after the readings of all instruments stabilize again; 7) Repeat step 6) until all working conditions are tested.

10. The test method of claim 9, wherein: Before step 1), a test preparation stage is set, including: High-temperature medium pipeline preparation process: first, supplement the corresponding medium to the tank (31) of the high-temperature medium pipeline, open the high-temperature medium pipeline, exhaust the air in the high-temperature medium pipeline and the corresponding tube side, control the temperature of the high-temperature medium to the set value, and make the readings of the fifth temperature sensor T5 and the seventh temperature sensor T7 both greater than zero; Liquid analog medium pipeline preparation process: first, supplement the corresponding medium to the tank (21) of the liquid analog medium pipeline to the target liquid level, ensure that the flow regulating valve and the pressure regulating valve are both in the closed state; first, complete the pre-cooling process of the plunger pump (22) body and the pre-pump pipeline, then open the flow regulating valve LV to complete the pre-cooling process of the post-pump pipeline, the tube side of the second heat exchanger (12), and the shell side of the third heat exchanger (13).

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