Method and system for energy metabolism assessment based on single exhaled breath

Abstract

The application provides an energy metabolism evaluation method and system based on single exhaled gas, and belongs to the technical field of health detection and evaluation. The method acquires the ratio of inhaled and exhaled carbon dioxide and oxygen gas components at a preset detection position, and determines the sum of oxygen components and carbon dioxide components in respiratory gas flow. Then, the oxygen components or carbon dioxide components exhaled by a user are collected, and the exhaled carbon dioxide components or oxygen components are calculated based on the sum of oxygen components and carbon dioxide components. The oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production of the user are calculated based on the exhaled oxygen components and carbon dioxide components. Finally, the real-time energy consumption data of the user is calculated according to the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and the energy metabolism level of the user is evaluated according to the energy consumption data. The application only collects the respiratory flow of the user and the exhaled oxygen components or carbon dioxide components to evaluate the energy metabolism, thereby simplifying the energy metabolism evaluation process and reducing the cost of detection equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of health testing and assessment technology, specifically relating to a method and system for assessing energy metabolism based on a single exhaled gas from human breath. Background Technology

[0002] Indirect calorimetry is the gold standard technology for detecting human energy expenditure. This technology calculates the body's current energy expenditure level, as well as the real-time levels of fat and carbohydrates consumed to provide that energy, based on the absolute amount and ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged between the human respiratory system and the external environment.

[0003] Currently, energy metabolism detection equipment uses high frequency (sensor t) 90 Breath data is collected using flow sensors (typically less than 120ms), high-precision CO2 sensors, and high-precision O2 sensors. By integrating the data collected by the sensors, the real-time rate of O2 consumption and CO2 production by the human body can be calculated. Based on physiological formulas, the real-time energy consumption level of the human body can then be calculated.

[0004] In existing technologies, it is necessary to simultaneously know the real-time intake and exhaust quantities of oxygen (FiO2 and FeO2), as well as the real-time intake and exhaust quantities of carbon dioxide (FiCO2 and FeCO2), in order to derive the oxygen consumption rate V. O2 and carbon dioxide production rate V CO2 The energy metabolism detection process is quite complex and cumbersome. Therefore, the equipment needs to have both high-precision oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors, and the simultaneous presence of both sensors increases the cost of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, this application provides a method and system for assessing energy metabolism based on a single exhaled gas, which helps to solve the problems of cumbersome energy metabolism detection process and high detection equipment cost in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for assessing energy metabolism based on a single exhaled gas, comprising:

[0008] Obtain the ratio of inhaled to exhaled gas components at a preset detection location;

[0009] Collect the user's respiratory gas flow rate at a preset detection location, and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the respiratory gas flow rate based on the gas composition ratio;

[0010] The oxygen content exhaled by the user is collected, and based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide content, the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user is calculated using a first conversion formula, or...

[0011] The carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user is collected, and the oxygen content exhaled by the user is calculated based on the sum of the oxygen content and the carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula.

[0012] Based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production are calculated using a second conversion formula.

[0013] Based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, the user's real-time energy consumption data is calculated using physiological formulas, and the user's energy metabolism level is assessed based on the energy consumption data.

[0014] Further, the step of collecting the oxygen component exhaled by the user and calculating the carbon dioxide component exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component using a first conversion formula specifically includes:

[0015] The oxygen content in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location is collected, and the carbon dioxide content in the user's exhaled air is calculated based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide content in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

[0016] The first conversion formula is as follows:

[0017] FiCO2 + FiO2 + k = FeCO2 + FeO2

[0018] Wherein, FiCO2+FiO2 is the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the user's breath; FeCO2 is the carbon dioxide component in the user's exhaled breath; FeO2 is the oxygen component in the user's exhaled breath; and k is a preset fixed detection coefficient.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of collecting the carbon dioxide component exhaled by the user and calculating the oxygen component exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component using a first conversion formula specifically includes: collecting the carbon dioxide component in the gas exhaled by the user at a preset detection location, and calculating the oxygen component in the gas exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

[0020] Furthermore, the calculation of the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, using a second conversion formula, specifically includes:

[0021] The user's intake volume V per minute is calculated based on the user's respiratory gas flow rate. iand the volume of air output per minute V e ;

[0022] The user's air intake V per minute is determined based on the gas composition ratio. i The intake volume of oxygen and the intake volume of carbon dioxide.

[0023] Based on the calculated oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the user's exhaled breath, the user's exhalation volume V per minute is calculated. e The amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide released.

[0024] The user's oxygen consumption rate and carbon dioxide production rate are calculated using the second conversion formula.

[0025] The second conversion formula is as follows:

[0026] V O2 =V i (FiO2)-V e (FeO2);

[0027] V CO2 =V e (FeCO2)-V i (FiCO2)

[0028] Among them, V O2 This is the user's oxygen consumption per minute, in ml / min. -1 V i (FiO2) is the amount of oxygen introduced into the user's air intake per minute, Vi; V i (FiCO2) is the user's intake air volume per minute (V). i The intake volume of carbon dioxide; V CO2 It is the user's carbon dioxide production rate per minute, in ml / min. -1 V e (FeO2) is the user's gas output V per minute. e The amount of oxygen produced; V e (FeCO2) is the amount of gas output per minute by the user, V. e The amount of carbon dioxide emitted.

[0029] Furthermore, the step of calculating the user's real-time energy consumption data using physiological formulas based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and assessing the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data, specifically includes:

[0030] Based on the calculated oxygen consumption V per minute of the user O2 and carbon dioxide production rate V CO2 The total energy consumed by the user per minute in real time is calculated using physiological formulas. The specific calculation process is shown in the following formula:

[0031] TEE = [0.0039 x V O2 (ml min -1 )] + [0.0011 x V CO2 (ml min -1 )]

[0032] Where TEE is the total energy consumed by the user per minute in real time, expressed in kcal / min. -1 ;

[0033] Based on the preset human energy entropy, the user's health status is assessed by the total energy consumed by the user every minute in real time.

[0034] Secondly, this application provides an energy metabolism assessment system based on a single exhaled gas, comprising:

[0035] The environmental parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the ratio of inhaled and exhaled gas components at a preset detection location;

[0036] The flow acquisition and analysis module is used to acquire the flow rate of the user's breathing gas at a preset detection location, and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the breathing gas flow rate based on the proportion of the gas components.

[0037] The gas content analysis module is used to collect the oxygen content exhaled by the user and calculate the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula; or, it collects the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user and calculates the oxygen content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula.

[0038] The oxygen consumption analysis module is used to calculate the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, using a second conversion formula.

[0039] The energy metabolism assessment module is used to calculate the user's real-time energy consumption data using physiological formulas based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and to assess the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data.

[0040] Furthermore, the gas content analysis module specifically includes a first conversion unit and a gas sensor. The flow acquisition module is connected to the gas sensor, and the gas sensor is connected to the first conversion unit. The gas sensor is specifically an oxygen sensor or a carbon dioxide sensor. The oxygen sensor is used to collect the oxygen component in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location. The carbon dioxide sensor is used to collect the carbon dioxide component in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location. The first conversion unit is used to calculate the carbon dioxide or oxygen component in the user's exhaled air based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

[0041] Furthermore, the oxygen consumption analysis module specifically includes a respiratory rate calculation unit, an intake volume calculation unit, an exhaust volume calculation unit, and an oxygen consumption calculation unit connected in sequence; the respiratory rate calculation unit is used to calculate the user's intake volume V per minute based on the user's respiratory gas flow rate. i and the volume of air output per minute V e The air intake calculation unit is used to determine the user's air intake volume V per minute based on the gas composition ratio. i The unit calculates the intake of oxygen and carbon dioxide; the exhaust volume calculation unit calculates the user's exhaust volume V per minute based on the calculated oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled. e The oxygen output and carbon dioxide output are calculated; the oxygen consumption calculation unit is used to calculate the user's oxygen consumption rate and carbon dioxide production rate using a second conversion formula.

[0042] The application employs the above technical solution and has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The energy metabolism assessment method based on a single exhaled gas provided in this application first obtains the ratio of inhaled to exhaled gas components at a preset detection location; then, it collects the user's respiratory gas flow rate at the preset detection location and determines the sum of oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the respiratory gas flow rate based on the gas component ratio; simultaneously, it collects the user's exhaled oxygen component and calculates the user's exhaled carbon dioxide component based on the sum of oxygen and carbon dioxide components using a first conversion formula, or collects the user's exhaled carbon dioxide component and calculates the user's exhaled oxygen component based on the sum of oxygen and carbon dioxide components using a first conversion formula; then, based on the user's exhaled oxygen and carbon dioxide components, it calculates the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production using a second conversion formula; finally, based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, it calculates the user's real-time energy consumption data using a physiological formula and assesses the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data. This application assesses energy metabolism by collecting only the user's respiratory flow and exhaled oxygen content, or respiratory flow and exhaled carbon dioxide content. It can calculate the rate at which the body consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide under resting and exercise conditions, further calculating the individual's real-time, true energy metabolism level and corresponding energy-supplying substance consumption level, thus assessing the individual's health status. This simplifies the testing process while maintaining the accuracy of energy metabolism detection. Furthermore, since only two respiratory parameters need to be collected, the types of testing instruments required are reduced, thereby lowering the cost of the testing equipment.

[0044] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an energy metabolism assessment method based on a single exhaled gas, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0047] Figure 2 This is an exemplary embodiment illustrating an energy metabolism assessment system architecture based on a single exhaled gas.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic of an energy metabolism assessment system based on a single exhaled gas, according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below.

[0050] Calculating the human body's energy metabolism level requires calculating oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rate. The oxygen consumption rate V is... O2 (ml min -1 ) =V i (FiO2)-V e (FeO2), where V i and V e These are the intake volume and output volume per minute (V) i =volume of inspired air per minute, V e =volume of expired air per minute), FiO2 and FeO2 are the oxygen fraction of the inlet and outlet air, respectively (FiO2 = fraction of inspired O2, FeO2 = fraction of expired O2).

[0051] Human carbon dioxide production rate V CO2 (ml min -1 ) =V e (FeCO2)-V i (FiCO2), where FeCO2 and FiCO2 are the carbon dioxide components in the outgassing and ingassing, respectively (FeCO2 = fraction of expired CO2, FiCO2 = fraction of inspired O2).

[0052] Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, due to their unique chemical compositions (different C, H, and O ratios), require specific amounts of oxygen consumed, carbon dioxide produced, and energy released per unit mass molecule during complete metabolism for energy supply in the human body. Therefore, this can be determined not only based on the oxygen consumption rate V... O2 (ml min -1 ) and carbon dioxide production rate V CO2 (mlmin -1 By working backwards, the proportions and absolute amounts of different types of molecules currently being consumed by the human body can be deduced, and the total energy released (consumed) by the human body in real time can be calculated. The simplified formula is as follows:

[0053] TEE (Total Energy Expenditure, kcal min -1 ) = [0.0039 x V O2 (ml min -1 )] +[0.0011 x V CO2 (ml min-1 )]

[0054] To enable portable detection or calculation of human energy metabolism levels, existing technologies fall into three categories:

[0055] 1. By substituting the heart rate, height, gender, age, and even the differences between the North and South into the empirical formula, the individual's theoretical value is calculated. The specific calculation process is referenced in existing literature 1: Mao Q, Wu JH, Huang CY, LiKJ, Liu XL, Zhang SL, Wang YL, Chen W, Li M, Yang XG, Piao JH. Basal Energy Expenditure of Chinese Healthy Adults: Comparison of Measured and Predicted Values. Biomed Environ Sci. 2020 Aug 20;33(8):566-572. doi: 10.3967 / bes2020.075. PMID: 32933608. and existing literature 2: [1] Camps SG, Wang NX, Tan W, et al. Estimation of basal metabolic rate in Chinese: are the current prediction equations applicable?[J]. Nutrition Journal, 2015, 15(1):79. This method mechanically replaces real individual data with patterns from big data. Although it is widely used in current smartwatches and smart health monitoring devices, the calculated data is not each user's real-time metabolic data and has no value in guiding further intervention measures.

[0056] 2. Calculating resting baseline energy consumption using simplified flow and carbon dioxide sensors, such as the Lumen metabolic monitoring device. However, these devices, in their excessive pursuit of miniaturization, over-compact the flow sensor, leading to inaccurate flow detection and inability to operate in high-speed airflow modes (in motion). Distorted detection data results in significant discrepancies between the calculated metabolic data and the actual values, resulting in insufficient product competitiveness.

[0057] 3. Calculating basal energy consumption during exercise and rest through optimized flow, oxygen, and carbon dioxide sensors, such as the Cosmed COSMED K5 telemetry metabolism analyzer. These devices effectively miniaturize standard indirect calorimetry energy metabolism monitoring equipment; however, to ensure data accuracy, they use numerous sensors, resulting in larger individual units. This complexity leads to higher development costs and unit prices; further miniaturization is difficult, with the total weight exceeding 1kg including the mask.

[0058] Medical-grade testing equipment based on this technology traditionally requires a flow sensor, a high-precision CO2 sensor, and a high-precision O2 sensor, resulting in a high price, complex working principle, and large size.

[0059] This application optimizes the energy metabolism assessment method, using only a flow sensor and an O2 sensor, or a combination of a flow sensor and a CO2 sensor, to achieve the functions that previously required three sensors. While ensuring high detection accuracy, it makes the device lighter, effectively reduces costs, and expands application scenarios.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an energy metabolism assessment method based on a single exhaled gas, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0061] S1: Obtain the ratio of inhaled to exhaled gas components at the preset detection location;

[0062] S2: Collect the user's breathing gas flow rate at the preset detection location, and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the breathing gas flow rate based on the gas composition ratio;

[0063] S3: Collect the oxygen component exhaled by the user, and calculate the carbon dioxide component exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component using the first conversion formula.

[0064] S4: Based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production are calculated using the second conversion formula.

[0065] S5: Based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, calculate the user's real-time energy consumption data using physiological formulas, and assess the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data.

[0066] Alternatively, the method can be analyzed by collecting the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user. Therefore, step S3 can be replaced by step S3'. Step S3' specifically includes: collecting the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user, and calculating the oxygen content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and the carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula.

[0067] Within a certain period of time, the total amount of gas exhaled by the human body is equal to the total amount of gas inhaled. In a resting state and in different intensities of exercise, the airflow is mainly reflected in the airflow velocity per unit time, but it does not change the fact that the total amount of gas entering and exiting the respiratory tract within a certain period of time is equal.

[0068] At a given geographical location, altitude is constant, and the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in that area can also be considered constant over a short period of time. In most low-altitude areas, the gaseous components of human respiration mainly include:

[0069] The inhaled gas composition is mainly 78% N2, 21% O2, and 1% other gases (of which CO2 accounts for approximately 0.04%).

[0070] The main components of exhaled gas are 78% N2, 17% O2, 1% other gases and 4% CO2.

[0071] Therefore, the components of N2 (FiN2 and FeN2) that cannot be utilized by the human body remain unchanged when entering and leaving the body, as do the 1% components of other gases. At a fixed geographical location, the partial pressures of oxygen (FiO2) and carbon dioxide (FiCO2) in inhaled air are fixed values, and their sum, Fi(O2+CO2), is also a fixed value. The sum of oxygen and carbon dioxide components (FeO2 and FeCO2) in exhaled air, Fe(O2+CO2), is also a fixed value; that is, after collecting the sum of oxygen and carbon dioxide components, there is no need to calculate their sum separately. Based on the aforementioned derivation, this is equal to Fi(O2+CO2) in inhaled air. Although FeO2 and FeCO2 are variables under different conditions, by obtaining the value of the oxygen component (FeO2) from the oxygen sensor, the carbon dioxide component (FeCO2) can be calculated using [Fe(O2+CO2) - FeO2]. Similarly, by obtaining the value of the carbon dioxide component (FeCO2) from the carbon dioxide sensor, the oxygen component (FeO2) can be calculated using [Fe(O2+CO2) - FeCO2].

[0072] Wherein, FiCO2 is the trough value of the raw CO2 data, which, after processing by a normalization algorithm, represents the inhaled CO2 concentration. FeCO2: The peak value of the raw CO2 data, representing the exhaled CO2 concentration. FiO2: The peak value of the raw O2 data, which, after processing by a normalization algorithm, represents the inhaled O2 concentration. FeO2: The trough value of the oxygen curve, representing the exhaled O2 concentration.

[0073] Further, in one embodiment, the step of collecting the oxygen component exhaled by the user and calculating the carbon dioxide component exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component using a first conversion formula specifically includes:

[0074] The oxygen content in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location is collected, and the carbon dioxide content in the user's exhaled air is calculated based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide content in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

[0075] The first conversion formula is as follows:

[0076] FiCO2 + FiO2 + k = FeCO2 + FeO2

[0077] Wherein, FiCO2+FiO2 is the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the user's breath; FeCO2 is the carbon dioxide component in the user's exhaled breath; FeO2 is the oxygen component in the user's exhaled breath; and k is a preset fixed detection coefficient.

[0078] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the step of collecting the carbon dioxide component exhaled by the user and calculating the oxygen component exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component using a first conversion formula specifically includes: collecting the carbon dioxide component in the gas exhaled by the user at a preset detection location, and calculating the oxygen component in the gas exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen component and the carbon dioxide component in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

[0079] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the calculation of the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user using a second conversion formula specifically includes:

[0080] The user's intake volume V per minute is calculated based on the user's respiratory gas flow rate. i and the volume of air output per minute V e ;

[0081] The user's air intake V per minute is determined based on the gas composition ratio. i The intake volume of oxygen and the intake volume of carbon dioxide.

[0082] Based on the calculated oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the user's exhaled breath, the user's exhalation volume V per minute is calculated. e The amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide released.

[0083] The user's oxygen consumption rate and carbon dioxide production rate are calculated using the second conversion formula.

[0084] The second conversion formula is as follows:

[0085] V O2 =V i (FiO2)-V e (FeO2);

[0086] V CO2 =V e (FeCO2)-V i (FiCO2)

[0087] Among them, V O2 This is the user's oxygen consumption per minute, in ml / min. -1 V i (FiO2) is the amount of oxygen introduced into the user's air intake per minute, Vi; V i (FiCO2) is the user's intake air volume per minute (V). i The intake volume of carbon dioxide; V CO2 It is the user's carbon dioxide production rate per minute, in ml / min. -1 V e (FeO2) is the user's gas output V per minute. e The amount of oxygen produced; V e (FeCO2) is the amount of gas output per minute by the user, V. e The amount of carbon dioxide emitted.

[0088] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of calculating the user's real-time energy consumption data using a physiological formula based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and assessing the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data, specifically includes:

[0089] Based on the calculated oxygen consumption V per minute of the user O2 and carbon dioxide production rate V CO2 The total energy consumed by the user per minute in real time is calculated using physiological formulas. The specific calculation process is shown in the following formula:

[0090] TEE = [0.0039 x V O2 (ml min -1 )] + [0.0011 x V CO2 (ml min -1 )]

[0091] Where TEE is the total energy consumed by the user per minute in real time, expressed in kcal / min. -1 The formula is specifically referenced in existing literature 3: [1] Schoeller DA, Cook CM, Raman A. ENERGY EXPENDITURE | IndirectCalorimetry[J]. Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, 2005, 1(7):139-145.

[0092] Based on the preset human energy entropy, the user's health status is assessed by the total energy consumed by the user every minute in real time.

[0093] To verify the logic of the method described in this application, data collection and analysis were performed using the cardiopulmonary exercise testing system from Nanjing Hanyia Company. The specific analysis process is as follows:

[0094] 1. Based on the analysis of data from multiple individuals, the following patterns were observed:

[0095] FiCO2 + FiO2 + k = FeCO2 + FeO2, where k is a fixed coefficient in each test, usually less than 0.5%. For a particular device, the value of k can be obtained by averaging the results of multiple tests.

[0096] 2. Knowing the concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air (corresponding to FiCO2 and FiO2 respectively), when the partial pressure of CO2 (FeCO2) in exhaled air is detected, the partial pressure of O2 (FeO2) can be calculated using the equation in step 1 above. Similarly, when the partial pressure of O2 (FeO2) in exhaled air is detected, the partial pressure of CO2 (FeCO2) can also be calculated.

[0097] 3. After verification, comparing the calculated and measured values ​​of FeO2 and FeCO2, the mean deviation was approximately 0 (0.001) during 95 minutes of variable-speed exercise, and the ratio of the mean deviation to the measured mean was less than 0.04% (0.008% and 0.032%, respectively). This application collected cardiopulmonary exercise test data from users over a period of time for verification. Comparisons of some calculated and measured values ​​of FeO2 and FeCO2 are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below:

[0098] Table 1. Measured values ​​of some FeO2 and FeCO2 (for reference only)

[0099]

[0100] Table 2. Calculated values ​​of some FeO2 and FeCO2 (for reference only)

[0101]

[0102] Based on the calculation logic analyzed above, the rate at which the human body consumes oxygen (VO2) in resting and exercise states can be calculated using only a flow sensor and an oxygen sensor, or a flow sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor. -1 ) and the rate of carbon dioxide production, VCO2 (ml min) -1 This allows for the calculation of an individual's real-time, true energy metabolism level and the corresponding energy-supplying substance consumption level.

[0103] Reference Figure 2 As shown, this application also provides an energy metabolism assessment system based on a single exhaled gas, the system comprising:

[0104] The environmental parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the ratio of inhaled and exhaled gas components at a preset detection location;

[0105] The flow acquisition and analysis module is used to acquire the flow rate of the user's breathing gas at a preset detection location, and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the breathing gas flow rate based on the proportion of the gas components.

[0106] The gas content analysis module is used to collect the oxygen content exhaled by the user and calculate the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula; or, it collects the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user and calculates the oxygen content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula.

[0107] The oxygen consumption analysis module is used to calculate the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, using a second conversion formula.

[0108] The energy metabolism assessment module is used to calculate the user's real-time energy consumption data using physiological formulas based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and to assess the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data.

[0109] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the flow acquisition and analysis module specifically includes a flow sensor and a concentration calculation unit, with the flow sensor connected to the concentration calculation unit; the flow sensor is used to acquire the flow rate of the user's breathing gas at a preset detection location; the concentration calculation unit is used to calculate and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the breathing gas flow rate based on the proportion of the gas components.

[0110] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the gas content analysis module specifically includes a first conversion unit and a gas sensor. The flow acquisition module is connected to the gas sensor, and the gas sensor is connected to the first conversion unit. The gas sensor is specifically an oxygen sensor or a carbon dioxide sensor. The oxygen sensor is used to collect the oxygen component in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location. The carbon dioxide sensor is used to collect the carbon dioxide component in the user's exhaled air at the preset detection location. The first conversion unit is used to calculate the carbon dioxide component or oxygen component in the user's exhaled air based on the sum of the oxygen component and carbon dioxide component in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

[0111] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the oxygen consumption analysis module specifically includes a respiratory rate calculation unit, an intake volume calculation unit, an exhaust volume calculation unit, and an oxygen consumption calculation unit connected in sequence; the respiratory rate calculation unit is used to calculate the user's intake volume V per minute based on the user's respiratory gas flow rate. i and the volume of air output per minute V e The air intake calculation unit is used to determine the user's air intake volume V per minute based on the gas composition ratio. i The unit calculates the intake of oxygen and carbon dioxide; the exhaust volume calculation unit calculates the user's exhaust volume V per minute based on the calculated oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled. e The oxygen output and carbon dioxide output are calculated; the oxygen consumption calculation unit is used to calculate the user's oxygen consumption rate and carbon dioxide production rate using a second conversion formula.

[0112] Specifically, the flow acquisition and analysis module can be configured as a flow sensor to collect the user's respiratory flow data. The gas sensor in the gas content analysis module can be configured as an oxygen sensor to collect the O2 concentration in the user's exhaled breath. In some other embodiments of this application, the gas sensor can be replaced with a carbon dioxide sensor to analyze the CO2 concentration collected from the user's exhaled breath. The environmental parameter acquisition module can be configured as a gas sensor to convert information such as gas composition and concentration into information that can be used by personnel, instruments, computers, etc.

[0113] Reference Figure 3 As shown, this application uses a breathing mask to collect the user's breath gas. The working principle of the system specifically includes:

[0114] First, the sum of FiCO2 and FiO2 is calculated through the environmental parameter acquisition module (calculated by sensor measurement and local gas composition ratio, and subsequent calculations do not need to repeat the measurement and calculation). Then, the user's breathing gas is collected through the breathing mask, and the user's breathing gas is analyzed through the flow sensor and oxygen sensor / carbon dioxide sensor to obtain breathing flow data and the concentration of O2 or CO2 in the exhaled gas.

[0115] Then, the sum of FiCO2 + FiO2, respiratory flow data, and O2 or CO2 concentration are analyzed and calculated using the method of this application. The exhaled CO2 or O2 concentration is calculated by the gas content analysis module, and the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide generation are further calculated by the oxygen consumption analysis module.

[0116] Finally, based on the calculated oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, the energy metabolism assessment module calculates respiratory entropy, energy metabolism parameters, and other data to assess the user's energy metabolism level.

[0117] Compared with existing technologies, this application can acquire individual energy metabolism data in a real-time manner, significantly improving data accuracy, and the method is applicable to exercise states. The system implemented through this application can greatly optimize the structure of the data acquisition device, reduce device weight, cost and selling price, and expand application scenarios.

[0118] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0119] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for assessing energy metabolism based on a single exhaled gas, characterized in that, include: Obtain the ratio of inhaled to exhaled gas components at a preset detection location; Collect the user's respiratory gas flow rate at a preset detection location, and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the respiratory gas flow rate based on the gas composition ratio; The oxygen content exhaled by the user is collected, and based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide content, the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user is calculated using a first conversion formula, or... The carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user is collected, and the oxygen content exhaled by the user is calculated based on the sum of the oxygen content and the carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula. Based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production are calculated using a second conversion formula. Based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, the user's real-time energy consumption data is calculated using physiological formulas, and the user's energy metabolism level is assessed based on the energy consumption data. The process of collecting the oxygen content exhaled by the user and calculating the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and the carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula specifically includes: The oxygen content in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location is collected, and the carbon dioxide content in the user's exhaled air is calculated based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide content in the user's breath using a first conversion formula. The first conversion formula is as follows: FiCO2 + FiO2 + k = FeCO2 + FeO2 Wherein, FiCO2+FiO2 is the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the user's breath; FeCO2 is the carbon dioxide component in the user's exhaled breath; FeO2 is the oxygen component in the user's exhaled breath; and k is a preset fixed detection coefficient. The calculation of the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, using a second conversion formula, specifically includes: The user's intake volume V per minute is calculated based on the user's respiratory gas flow rate. i and the volume of air output per minute V e ; The user's air intake V per minute is determined based on the gas composition ratio. i The intake volume of oxygen and the intake volume of carbon dioxide. Based on the calculated oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the user's exhaled breath, the user's exhalation volume V per minute is calculated. e The amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide released. The user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production are calculated using the second conversion formula. The second conversion formula is as follows: V O2 =V i (FiO2)-V e (FeO2); In CO2 =V e (FeCO2)-V i (FiCO2) Among them, V O2 This is the user's oxygen consumption per minute, in ml / min. -1 V i (FiO2) is the amount of oxygen introduced into the user's air intake per minute, Vi; V i (FiCO2) is the user's intake air volume per minute (V). i The intake volume of carbon dioxide; V CO2 It is the amount of carbon dioxide generated by the user per minute, in ml / min. -1 V e (FeO2) is the user's gas output V per minute. e The amount of oxygen produced; V e (FeCO2) is the amount of gas output per minute by the user, V. e The amount of carbon dioxide emitted.

2. The energy metabolism assessment method based on a single exhaled gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user and calculating the oxygen content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula specifically includes: collecting the carbon dioxide content in the user's exhaled gas at a preset detection location, and calculating the oxygen content in the user's exhaled gas based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

3. The energy metabolism assessment method based on a single exhaled gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves calculating the user's real-time energy consumption data using physiological formulas based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and assessing the user's energy metabolism level based on this data. Specifically, this includes: Based on the calculated oxygen consumption V per minute of the user O2 and carbon dioxide production V CO2 The total energy consumed by the user per minute in real time is calculated using physiological formulas. The specific calculation process is shown in the following formula: TEE = [0.0039 x V O2 (ml min -1 )] + [0.0011 x V CO2 (ml min -1 )] Where TEE is the total energy consumed by the user per minute in real time, expressed in kcal / min. -1 ; Based on the preset human energy entropy, the user's energy metabolism level is assessed by the total energy consumed by the user every minute in real time.

4. A single exhaled gas-based energy metabolism assessment system, used to implement the single exhaled gas-based energy metabolism assessment method of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The environmental parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the ratio of inhaled and exhaled gas components at a preset detection location; The flow acquisition and analysis module is used to acquire the flow rate of the user's breathing gas at a preset detection location, and determine the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the breathing gas flow rate based on the proportion of the gas components. The gas content analysis module is used to collect the oxygen content exhaled by the user and calculate the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula; or, it collects the carbon dioxide content exhaled by the user and calculates the oxygen content exhaled by the user based on the sum of the oxygen content and carbon dioxide content using a first conversion formula. The oxygen consumption analysis module is used to calculate the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production based on the oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled by the user, using a second conversion formula. The energy metabolism assessment module is used to calculate the user's real-time energy consumption data using physiological formulas based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and to assess the user's energy metabolism level based on the energy consumption data.

5. The energy metabolism assessment system based on a single exhaled gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas content analysis module specifically includes a first conversion unit and a gas sensor. The flow acquisition and analysis module is connected to the gas sensor, and the gas sensor is connected to the first conversion unit. The gas sensor is specifically an oxygen sensor or a carbon dioxide sensor. The oxygen sensor is used to collect the oxygen component in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location. The carbon dioxide sensor is used to collect the carbon dioxide component in the user's exhaled air at a preset detection location. The first conversion unit is used to calculate the carbon dioxide or oxygen component in the user's exhaled air based on the sum of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in the user's breath using a first conversion formula.

6. The energy metabolism assessment system based on a single exhaled gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oxygen consumption analysis module specifically includes a respiratory rate calculation unit, an intake volume calculation unit, an exhaust volume calculation unit, and an oxygen consumption calculation unit connected in sequence; the respiratory rate calculation unit is used to calculate the user's intake volume V per minute based on the user's respiratory gas flow rate. i and the volume of air output per minute V e The air intake calculation unit is used to determine the user's air intake volume V per minute based on the gas composition ratio. i The unit calculates the intake of oxygen and carbon dioxide; the exhaust volume calculation unit calculates the user's exhaust volume V per minute based on the calculated oxygen and carbon dioxide components exhaled. e The oxygen output and carbon dioxide output are calculated; the oxygen consumption calculation unit is used to calculate the user's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide generation through a second conversion formula.

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