Hydrogen fuel cell control method, device and computer equipment

Abstract

The application relates to a hydrogen fuel cell control method, device and computer equipment. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a whole vehicle request power; determining a target control strategy according to the whole vehicle request power; the target control strategy is used for controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to have a running time length proportion in a medium voltage zone greater than a preset proportion; the running time length proportion comprises a ratio of the running time length of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium voltage zone to the total time length corresponding to the whole control process; the medium voltage zone is a voltage interval in which the hydrogen fuel cell has small loss; and the whole vehicle motor is driven to operate according to the target control strategy. By using the method, the most suitable material characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell under the whole vehicle request power and the control strategy with the smallest influence on the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell can be adopted, so that the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell control method, device, and computer equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are the primary power source for vehicles. Compared to traditional internal combustion engines, hydrogen fuel cells are more efficient, with peak efficiencies exceeding 70%. Compared to lithium-ion batteries, hydrogen fuel cells offer longer driving ranges and faster refueling, providing a range of 400-1000 kilometers on a single refueling, and their ease of use is comparable to traditional internal combustion engines.

[0003] The traditional strategy for using hydrogen fuel cells is to change the output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the input power. This approach is difficult to adapt to the material characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells, which in turn affects the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hydrogen fuel cell control method, apparatus, and computer equipment that can adapt to the material properties of hydrogen fuel cells and extend the life of hydrogen fuel cells, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a hydrogen fuel cell control method, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle;

[0007] Based on the requested power of the vehicle, a target control strategy is determined. The target control strategy is used to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell operates for a greater proportion of time in the medium-pressure zone than a preset proportion. The proportion of time operated includes the ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell operating in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has the lowest loss.

[0008] The vehicle's motors are driven according to the target control strategy.

[0009] In one embodiment, the target control strategy includes a first control strategy and a second control strategy; the first control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a medium-pressure region and a high-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the high-pressure region; the second control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a medium-pressure region and a low-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the low-pressure region.

[0010] Based on the vehicle's requested power, determine the target control strategy, including:

[0011] When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the target control strategy is determined as the first control strategy.

[0012] When the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, the target control strategy is determined to be the second control strategy.

[0013] In one embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle and the lithium battery; when the target control strategy is a first control strategy, the vehicle motor is driven to operate according to the target control strategy, including:

[0014] With the lithium battery in a charging state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure range.

[0015] When the lithium battery is in a discharged state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone.

[0016] In one embodiment, while the lithium battery is charging, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at commonly required power within the medium-pressure range includes:

[0017] The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate within the medium-pressure range at the required power level, driving the vehicle's motor and charging the lithium battery.

[0018] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit, it stops the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery and instructs the lithium battery to switch from the charging state to the discharging state.

[0019] In one embodiment, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure region while the lithium battery is discharging includes:

[0020] The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone, and the vehicle motor is driven by the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery.

[0021] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity is lower than the lower limit, it stops discharging the lithium battery, instructs the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state, and returns to the steps of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone.

[0022] In one embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle and the lithium battery; when the target control strategy is the second control strategy, the vehicle motor is driven to operate according to the target control strategy, including:

[0023] When the lithium battery is in a discharged state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure range.

[0024] When the lithium battery is charging, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at its maximum power in the low-pressure zone.

[0025] In one embodiment, when the lithium battery is in a discharged state, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power within the medium-pressure range includes:

[0026] The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at the required power within the medium-pressure range, and the vehicle motor is driven by the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery.

[0027] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity reaches the lower limit, it stops discharging the lithium battery and indicates that the lithium battery is switching from the discharging state to the charging state.

[0028] In one embodiment, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at maximum power in the low-pressure region while the lithium battery is charging includes:

[0029] The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at its maximum operating power in the low-pressure zone, and the vehicle's motor is driven by the hydrogen fuel cell, while the lithium battery is charged.

[0030] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit, it stops the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery, instructs the lithium battery to switch from charging to discharging, and returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone, and continues to execute.

[0031] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0032] Based on the obtained vehicle start command, the hydrogen fuel cell is started and controlled to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery.

[0033] Secondly, this application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell control device. The device includes:

[0034] The request module is used to obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle;

[0035] The control strategy determination module is used to determine the target control strategy based on the power requested by the vehicle. The target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone for a greater than a preset percentage. The percentage of operating time includes the ratio of the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has the lowest loss.

[0036] The drive module is used to drive the vehicle's motors according to the target control strategy.

[0037] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0038] Obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle;

[0039] Based on the requested power of the vehicle, a target control strategy is determined. The target control strategy is used to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell operates for a greater proportion of time in the medium-pressure zone than a preset proportion. The proportion of time operated includes the ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell operating in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has the lowest loss.

[0040] The vehicle's motors are driven according to the target control strategy.

[0041] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0042] Obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle;

[0043] Based on the requested power of the vehicle, a target control strategy is determined. The target control strategy is used to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell operates for a greater proportion of time in the medium-pressure zone than a preset proportion. The proportion of time operated includes the ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell operating in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has the lowest loss.

[0044] The vehicle's motors are driven according to the target control strategy.

[0045] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0046] Obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle;

[0047] Based on the requested power of the vehicle, a target control strategy is determined. The target control strategy is used to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell operates for a greater proportion of time in the medium-pressure zone than a preset proportion. The proportion of time operated includes the ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell operating in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has the lowest loss.

[0048] The vehicle's motors are driven according to the target control strategy.

[0049] The aforementioned hydrogen fuel cell control method, device, and computer equipment divide the vehicle driving process into multiple power ranges with gradually increasing vehicle power demand according to the vehicle's requested power, resulting in a stepped increase in power ranges. During vehicle operation, a control strategy corresponding to the target power range can be determined based on the vehicle's requested power as the target control strategy. Since the power ranges are divided based on the degradation characteristics of the core membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of the hydrogen fuel cell reaction, and the target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to preferably operate in the medium-pressure range, where the operating time is longest, the determined target control strategy is the control strategy that best suits the material characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell under the vehicle's requested power and has the least impact on the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby extending the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell control method in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a hydrogen fuel cell control method in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the degradation trend of hydrogen fuel cells across different voltage ranges.

[0053] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the operating architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle drive process in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the percentage of operating time for hydrogen fuel cells in the high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure regions;

[0056] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the power and power matching requirements for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

[0057] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell control device in one embodiment;

[0058] Figure 9 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0060] The hydrogen fuel cell control method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 In the application environment shown, terminal 102 acquires the requested power from the vehicle; based on the requested power, it determines a target control strategy; the target control strategy is used to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell operates for a greater than a preset percentage in the medium-pressure zone; the percentage of operating time includes the ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell's operating time in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process; the medium-pressure zone is the voltage range where hydrogen fuel cell losses are relatively low; and the vehicle motor 104 is driven to operate according to the target control strategy. Terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, a vehicle controller and a computer device. The computer device can be, but is not limited to, various desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can be smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart in-vehicle devices, etc. Portable wearable devices can be smartwatches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc.

[0061] In one embodiment, when terminal 102 is a vehicle controller, the vehicle controller obtains the requested power of the vehicle; determines the target control strategy based on the requested power of the vehicle; and drives the vehicle motor to run according to the target control strategy.

[0062] In one embodiment, when terminal 102 is a computer device, the computer device obtains the requested power of the whole vehicle; determines the target control strategy based on the requested power of the whole vehicle; sends the target control strategy to the vehicle controller of the vehicle to be controlled, and drives the vehicle motor to run according to the target control strategy.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell control method is provided, which can be applied to... Figure 1 Taking the vehicle controller as an example, the explanation includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 202: Obtain the requested power of the whole vehicle.

[0065] The requested power of the vehicle is converted into motor power based on the motor speed during vehicle operation. The motor speed is related to the throttle opening during vehicle operation; the larger the throttle opening, the higher the motor speed. That is, there is a first mapping relationship between motor speed and throttle opening, and a second mapping relationship between motor speed and motor power.

[0066] Specifically, the vehicle controller acquires the actual throttle opening during vehicle operation, determines the required motor speed based on the first mapping relationship between the actual throttle opening and the motor speed and throttle opening, and determines the requested power of the vehicle based on the second mapping relationship between the required motor speed and the motor speed and motor power.

[0067] Step 204: Determine the target control strategy based on the power requested by the vehicle. The target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone for a greater proportion than a preset proportion. The proportion of operating time includes the ratio of the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has relatively low losses.

[0068] Hydrogen fuel cells are power generation devices that directly convert the chemical energy of fuel and electrolyte into electrical energy. Based on the characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell materials, the usable operating range of hydrogen fuel cell engineering is divided into high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure zones. The high-pressure zone refers to the voltage range where the output voltage of a single hydrogen fuel cell is above 0.75V, the medium-pressure zone refers to the voltage range where the output voltage of a single hydrogen fuel cell is between 0.75V and 0.65V, and the low-pressure zone refers to the voltage range where the output voltage of a single hydrogen fuel cell is below 0.65V.

[0069] For hydrogen fuel cells, accelerated aging tests were conducted by controlling the hydrogen fuel cells to operate in high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure zones respectively. Figure 3 To illustrate the degradation trend of hydrogen fuel cells across different voltage ranges, refer to... Figure 3 Different voltage ranges exhibit different degradation results. Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 are the initial aging voltages corresponding to the high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure regions, respectively. After operating simultaneously for t hours under the same conditions, the voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell drops to Va2, Vb2, and Vc2, respectively. The voltage degradation values ​​are denoted as ΔVa, ΔVb, and ΔVc, respectively. After multiple rounds of comparative experiments, it was found that ΔVa > ΔVc > ΔVb, indicating that the hydrogen fuel cell experiences less loss in the medium-pressure region. Based on this finding, this application embodiment sets a target control strategy to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure region for a greater than a preset percentage. The operating time percentage includes the ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell's operating time in the medium-pressure region to the total time corresponding to the entire control process; that is, the target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure region for an extended period. The preset percentage can be set according to actual needs; in this embodiment, the preset percentage is set to 80%.

[0070] It should be noted that there is a mapping relationship between the requested power of the vehicle and the current. After the requested power of the vehicle is input to the vehicle controller, the target current corresponding to the requested power can be determined according to this mapping relationship. Adjusting the current of the hydrogen fuel cell to the target current can adjust the operating voltage range of the hydrogen fuel cell. That is, in this embodiment, the operating voltage range of the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled by adjusting the current of the hydrogen fuel cell. For example, if the current operating voltage range of the hydrogen fuel cell is in the high-voltage range, by adjusting the current I1 across the hydrogen fuel cell to current I2, the operating voltage range of the hydrogen fuel cell can be switched from the high-voltage range to the medium-voltage range. In other words, the operating voltage range of the hydrogen fuel cell can be adjusted.

[0071] In this embodiment, since the requested power of the vehicle changes multiple times during the vehicle's journey based on road conditions, if the vehicle controller had to adjust the operating parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell every time the requested power changed, it would cause significant damage to the hydrogen fuel cell and affect its lifespan. Furthermore, constantly changing the operating parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell based on the input power makes it difficult to adapt to the material characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell, further affecting its lifespan. Therefore, to solve the above problems, this embodiment divides the requested power of the vehicle during driving into multiple power ranges based on the degradation characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), the core of the hydrogen fuel cell reaction. Each power range is non-overlapping, and each power range corresponds to a control strategy. The control strategy is used to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell operates in the medium-pressure range for a greater than a preset percentage. The target power range in which the requested power of the vehicle is located is determined, and the control strategy corresponding to the target power range is used as the target control strategy. The vehicle motor is then driven according to the target control strategy. In this embodiment, the vehicle driving process is divided into multiple power ranges with gradually increasing vehicle requested power according to the vehicle's requested power, resulting in a stepped increase in the power ranges. During vehicle driving, the control strategy corresponding to the target power range can be determined as the target control strategy based on the vehicle's requested power. Since the power ranges are divided according to the degradation characteristics of the core membrane electrode assembly of the hydrogen fuel cell reaction, the determined target control strategy is the control strategy that best matches the material characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell under the vehicle's requested power and has the least impact on the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby extending the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0072] For example, in this embodiment, there are two power ranges (power range A and power range B). Power range A corresponds to a power range of [0, P1], and the control strategy for power range A is strategy a; power range B corresponds to a power range of (P1, P2), and the strategy for power range B is strategy b. When the vehicle's requested power is within power range A, the vehicle motor is driven according to strategy a. When the vehicle's requested power increases but does not exceed power P1, the vehicle controller drives the vehicle motor according to strategy a; when the vehicle's requested power increases and exceeds power P1, the vehicle motor is driven according to strategy b.

[0073] Specifically, the vehicle controller determines the target power range of the vehicle's requested power based on the vehicle's requested power, and uses the control strategy corresponding to the target power range as the target control strategy.

[0074] Step 206: Drive the vehicle motor to run according to the target control strategy.

[0075] Among them, the operating architecture of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is as follows Figure 4As shown, the system comprises three main parts: demand architecture, control architecture, and power architecture. In the demand architecture, the requested power output of the vehicle is input to the vehicle controller. Based on the requested power output and the commonly used power demand, the vehicle controller, through the fuel cell controller, controls the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen storage system and the operating parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell. These operating parameters include the operating voltage range, operating voltage, and operating power. The lithium battery controller controls the charging and discharging states of the lithium battery. The output voltages of the lithium battery and the hydrogen fuel cell are input to the DC / DC converter. The DC / DC controller controls the DC / DC converter to process the voltage changes, obtaining different levels of voltage signals. These different levels of voltage signals are then provided to corresponding devices in the vehicle, including the vehicle motor. After the vehicle motor is powered, the motor controller controls its operation, thereby driving the vehicle. The hydrogen fuel cell control method provided in this application is mainly applied to the control architecture, specifically to the vehicle controller.

[0076] In one embodiment of this application, the target control strategy is further used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate within the target voltage range according to the target output voltage and the target operating power.

[0077] During the entire control process, the hydrogen fuel cell can operate not only in the medium-pressure region but also in the high-pressure and low-pressure regions. Therefore, the target voltage range includes any one of the high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure regions. Once the target voltage range is determined, a voltage value within that range can be selected as the target output voltage based on the actual situation. Based on the material properties of the hydrogen fuel cell, the operating power matching the target output voltage is determined and used as the target operating power.

[0078] Specifically, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate within the target voltage range defined by the target control strategy, and operates according to the target output voltage and target operating power. During the entire control process, the hydrogen fuel cell operates in the medium-pressure range for a greater proportion than a preset proportion, and the electrical energy generated during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell is supplied to the vehicle motor to drive the vehicle motor. The speed of the vehicle motor is converted to meet the vehicle's requested power.

[0079] In the aforementioned hydrogen fuel cell control method, the vehicle driving process is divided into multiple power ranges with gradually increasing vehicle power requests, based on the vehicle's requested power. This results in a stepped increase across the power ranges. During vehicle operation, a control strategy corresponding to the target power range can be determined based on the vehicle's requested power. Since the power ranges are defined according to the degradation characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), the core of the hydrogen fuel cell reaction, and the target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to preferably operate in the medium-pressure region, where the operating time is longest, the determined target control strategy is the control strategy that best suits the material characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell under the vehicle's requested power and has the least impact on the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell. This can extend the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0080] In one embodiment, the target control strategy includes a first control strategy and a second control strategy. The first control strategy controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a medium-pressure region and a high-pressure region, with the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region being greater than its operating time in the high-pressure region. The second control strategy controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a medium-pressure region and a low-pressure region, with the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region being greater than its operating time in the low-pressure region. Determining the target control strategy based on the vehicle's requested power includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, determine the target control strategy as the first control strategy.

[0082] Among them, the commonly used power demand refers to the motor power demanded most frequently in the whole vehicle operation scenario, that is, the commonly used power demand is an empirical value.

[0083] In this embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell powers both the vehicle and the lithium battery, with the lithium battery serving as an energy storage device to store the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell. Specifically, the vehicle motor is driven by a combination of the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery. The lithium battery has both a charging state and a discharging state; in the charging state, the hydrogen fuel cell powers the vehicle motor and charges the lithium battery; in the discharging state, both the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery power the vehicle motor.

[0084] When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can meet the requested power, or even far exceed the electrical energy corresponding to the requested power. Therefore, the excess electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be stored in the lithium battery, and the excess electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell is consumed by the lithium battery. At this time, in order to minimize the battery loss of the hydrogen fuel cell, the first control strategy of this application embodiment is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-voltage zone where battery loss is minimized. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit of the capacity, it means that the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can no longer be consumed by the lithium battery. At this time, it is necessary to reduce the total amount and speed of electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell. This can be achieved by reducing the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby reducing the total amount and speed of electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell. Due to the material characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell, it is known that the output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell increases over time, while the current at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell decreases over time. Based on the changing trends of the output voltage and the current at both ends over time, the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell decreases over time, that is, the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell is inversely proportional to the output voltage. When it is necessary to reduce the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell, based on the inverse relationship between the operating power and output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen fuel cell can be controlled to operate in the high-pressure region, thereby reducing the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell. Therefore, the first control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the high-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the high-pressure region.

[0085] Specifically, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone where battery loss is minimized, and provides power to the vehicle and the lithium battery. The lithium battery is in a charging state. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches its upper limit, the lithium battery switches from the charging state to the discharging state, that is, the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery together provide power to the vehicle. At this time, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the high-pressure zone, and controls the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to be greater than the operating time in the high-pressure zone.

[0086] Step 2: When the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, the target control strategy is determined to be the second control strategy.

[0087] In situations where the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the usual power requirement, hydrogen fuel cells alone may not be sufficient to meet the demand. In such cases, a combination of lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen fuel cells is necessary to power the vehicle. To reduce hydrogen fuel cell losses, this embodiment employs a second control strategy to ensure the hydrogen fuel cell operates in a medium-pressure zone where battery losses are minimized during the combined power supply process. When the real-time capacity of the lithium-ion battery reaches its lower limit, it indicates that the lithium-ion battery can no longer provide power, and the vehicle must be powered solely by the hydrogen fuel cell. When the lithium-ion battery stops supplying power, only the hydrogen fuel cell can provide power to both the vehicle and the lithium-ion battery. To meet the vehicle's requested power, the total amount and speed of power generation by the hydrogen fuel cell must be increased. When it is necessary to increase the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell, based on the inverse relationship between the fuel cell's operating power and output voltage, the hydrogen fuel cell can be controlled to operate in a low-pressure zone, thereby increasing its operating power. Therefore, the second control strategy controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a low-pressure zone, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone is greater than its operating time in the low-pressure zone.

[0088] Specifically, when the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the commonly required power, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone where battery loss is minimized. The hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery provide power to the vehicle. The lithium battery is in a discharging state. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the lower limit of its capacity, the lithium battery switches from the discharging state to the charging state, that is, it provides power to the vehicle and lithium battery through the hydrogen fuel cell. At this time, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the low-pressure zone and controls the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to be greater than the operating time in the low-pressure zone.

[0089] In this embodiment, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, while satisfying the requested power, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate in the medium-pressure and high-pressure regions based on the charging or discharging state of the lithium battery. The operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than that in the high-pressure region. This reduces hydrogen fuel cell losses and allows for power matching. Conversely, when the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, while satisfying the requested power, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate in the medium-pressure and low-pressure regions based on the charging or discharging state of the lithium battery. The operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than that in the low-pressure region. This reduces hydrogen fuel cell losses and allows for power matching.

[0090] In one embodiment, when the target control strategy is the first control strategy, i.e., when the vehicle's requested power is less than or equal to the commonly required power, driving the vehicle motor according to the target control strategy includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 1: With the lithium battery in a charging state, control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power within the medium-pressure range.

[0092] Since the commonly used power demand is requested most frequently and lasts the longest in the vehicle operation scenario, in order to maximize the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone, this embodiment sets the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly used power demand in the medium-pressure zone, that is, to operate at the commonly used power demand in the operating voltage range where battery loss is minimal, which can extend the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone.

[0093] It should be noted that when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can meet the requested power of the vehicle. At this time, the excess electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell will be stored in the lithium battery. That is, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the initial state of the lithium battery is the charging state.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle drive process, for reference. Figure 5 When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, and when the lithium battery is charging, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure range, including:

[0095] The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate within the medium-pressure range at the required power level, driving the vehicle's motor and charging the lithium battery. The real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is detected, and when the real-time battery capacity reaches the upper limit, the hydrogen fuel cell stops charging the lithium battery and instructs the lithium battery to switch from charging to discharging.

[0096] The first control strategy is also used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the minimum degradation operating voltage and the usual required power in the medium-pressure region when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the usual required power, and when the lithium battery is charging. The minimum degradation operating voltage, denoted as Vb, is obtained through accelerated durability testing of the core components of the hydrogen fuel cell. In this embodiment, the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell at the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb is designed to be the usual required power, which can control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb in the medium-pressure region, thereby reducing battery loss in the medium-pressure region and extending the life of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0097] The upper limit of the lithium battery capacity can be set to 98% of the lithium battery capacity, and the lower limit of the capacity can be set to 20% of the lithium battery capacity. Figure 5 SOC in the text indicates the capacity of the lithium battery.

[0098] Specifically, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, and the lithium battery is in a charging state, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone at the minimum decay operating voltage Vb and the commonly required power Pb, so as to provide power to the vehicle motor and the lithium battery through the hydrogen fuel cell; the vehicle controller detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit of the capacity, it stops the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery, the hydrogen fuel cell enters the idling state, and instructs the lithium battery to switch from the charging state to the discharging state.

[0099] Step 2: With the lithium battery in a discharged state, control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone.

[0100] In cases where the vehicle's requested power is less than or equal to the commonly required power, and the lithium battery is in a discharged state, it indicates that the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can no longer be consumed through the lithium battery. In this situation, it is necessary to reduce the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell. Since the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell is inversely proportional to its output voltage, it is necessary to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the high-voltage region. According to accelerated durability aging test results, the lower the voltage in the high-voltage region, the better the aging performance of the hydrogen fuel cell. Therefore, to maximize the consumption of the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell, this embodiment sets the target operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell in the high-voltage region to the idle speed power.

[0101] Here, idle power refers to the power less than or equal to 8% of the maximum required power Pm. Considering both durability and vehicle requirements, this embodiment selects the high-pressure operating idle power Pa as 8% of the maximum required power Pm, and the corresponding constant operating voltage is denoted as idle voltage Va. This embodiment reduces battery loss in the high-pressure region and extends the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell by controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure region.

[0102] In some embodiments, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle drive process, for reference. Figure 5 When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, and when the lithium battery is in a discharged state, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone includes the following steps:

[0103] The system controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone and drives the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery. It detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is lower than the lower limit, it stops discharging the lithium battery, instructs the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state, and returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone.

[0104] The first control strategy is also used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle voltage and idle power in the high-pressure zone when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, and when the lithium battery is in a discharging state.

[0105] It should be noted that when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the lithium battery is initially in a charging state. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is greater than the upper limit of the capacity, the lithium battery switches from the charging state to the discharging state.

[0106] Specifically, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, and the lithium battery is in a discharging state, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the high-pressure zone according to the idle voltage Va and idle power Pa, and drives the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery; the vehicle controller detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is lower than the lower limit of the capacity, it stops the lithium battery from discharging, instructs the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state, and returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power.

[0107] In this embodiment, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate preferentially in the medium-pressure zone, and preferentially run at the minimum decay operating voltage Vb and the commonly required power Pb, so that the power corresponding to the minimum decay operating voltage Vb coincides with the commonly required power Pb. Under the premise of achieving a medium-pressure zone operating time of 80%, the durability of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved by more than 50-70%. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit of capacity, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate in the high-pressure zone according to the idle voltage Va and idle power Pa. By controlling the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery to supply power to the vehicle simultaneously, the battery loss of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone and the high-pressure zone can be reduced, and the life of the hydrogen fuel cell can be extended.

[0108] In one embodiment, when the target control strategy is the second control strategy, i.e., when the vehicle's requested power is greater than the commonly required power, driving the vehicle motor to operate according to the target control strategy includes the following steps:

[0109] Step 1: With the lithium battery in a discharged state, control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power within the medium-pressure range.

[0110] Since the commonly used power demand is requested most frequently and lasts the longest in the vehicle operation scenario, in order to maximize the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone, this embodiment sets the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly used power demand in the medium-pressure zone, that is, to operate at the commonly used power demand in the operating voltage range where battery loss is minimal, which can extend the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone.

[0111] It should be noted that when the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the usual power demand, the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell alone cannot meet the requested power. In this case, both the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery are needed to provide electrical energy to the vehicle. That is, when the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the usual power demand, the initial state of the lithium battery is the discharge state.

[0112] In some embodiments, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle drive process, for reference. Figure 5 When the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the commonly required power, and when the lithium battery is in a discharged state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at the commonly required power within the medium-pressure range, including:

[0113] The system controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate within the medium-pressure range at the required power level, and drives the vehicle's motor through the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery. It also detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity reaches the lower limit, it stops discharging the lithium battery and instructs the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state.

[0114] The second control strategy further controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the minimum degradation operating voltage and the usual required power in the medium-pressure region when the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the usual required power, and when the lithium battery is in a discharged state. The minimum degradation operating voltage, denoted as Vb, is obtained through accelerated durability testing of the core components of the hydrogen fuel cell. In this embodiment, the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell at the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb is designed to be the usual required power. This allows the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb in the medium-pressure region, reducing battery loss and extending the lifespan of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0115] The upper limit of the lithium battery capacity can be set to 98% of the lithium battery capacity, and the lower limit of the capacity can be set to 20% of the lithium battery capacity. Figure 5 SOC in the text indicates the capacity of the lithium battery.

[0116] Specifically, when the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the commonly required power and the lithium battery is in a discharging state, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone at the minimum decay operating voltage Vb and the commonly required power Pb, providing power to the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery; the vehicle controller detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity reaches the lower limit of the capacity, it stops the lithium battery from discharging and instructs the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state.

[0117] Step 2: With the lithium battery charging, control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at maximum power in the low-pressure zone.

[0118] In cases where the vehicle's requested power exceeds its usual power requirements, and the lithium battery is charging, the lithium battery can no longer provide power, and the vehicle must be powered by the hydrogen fuel cell. In this situation, to meet the vehicle's requested power, the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be increased. Based on the inverse relationship between the hydrogen fuel cell's operating power and output voltage, the hydrogen fuel cell can be controlled to operate in a low-pressure region and at its maximum operating power.

[0119] The maximum operating power is determined based on the vehicle's operating scenario, denoted as Pm, and the corresponding operating voltage as Vm. The actual maximum operating power of the fuel cell is denoted as Pc, and the corresponding actual operating voltage as Vc. Typically, Pc is greater than Pm. Based on the inverse relationship between the power output and output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell, Vm > Vc. According to accelerated aging test results, the higher the voltage in the low-pressure region, the better the aging performance of the hydrogen fuel cell. Therefore, to improve the aging performance of the hydrogen fuel cell, while meeting the maximum power requirements of the vehicle, this embodiment sets the constant operating voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell in the low-pressure region as the operating voltage Vm, and the operating power in the low-pressure region as the maximum operating power Pm corresponding to the operating voltage Vm.

[0120] In some embodiments, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle drive process, for reference. Figure 5 When the requested power of the vehicle exceeds the usual power requirement, and when the lithium battery is charging, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at its maximum power in the low-pressure region includes the following steps:

[0121] The system controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at its maximum power in the low-pressure zone, driving the vehicle's motor and charging the lithium battery simultaneously. It also monitors the real-time capacity of the lithium battery; when the real-time capacity reaches its upper limit, it stops charging the lithium battery from the hydrogen fuel cell, instructs the lithium battery to switch from charging to discharging, and returns to the steps of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at its usual power requirement in the medium-pressure zone, continuing the process.

[0122] The second control strategy is also used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the maximum operating power and the corresponding operating voltage in the low-pressure zone when the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, and when the lithium battery is in a charging state.

[0123] It should be noted that when the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, the lithium battery is initially in a discharging state. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is less than the lower limit of the capacity, the lithium battery switches from the discharging state to the charging state.

[0124] Specifically, when the vehicle request power is greater than the normal demand power and the lithium battery is in the charging state, the vehicle controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the operating voltage Vm and the maximum operating power Pm in the low voltage region, and provides electrical energy for the vehicle and the lithium battery through the hydrogen fuel cell; the vehicle controller detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the capacity upper limit value, it stops the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery, instructs the lithium battery to switch from the charging state to the discharging state, and returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the normal demand power in the medium voltage region.

[0125] In one embodiment, to reduce the operating duration of the fuel cell at the Vm voltage point and reduce the initial installation cost, in this embodiment, the battery capacity of the lithium battery is determined based on the maximum operating power and the normal demand power. Specifically, the battery capacity of the lithium battery in this embodiment is equal to the difference between the maximum operating power and the normal demand power, and the lithium battery capacity is denoted as PB, that is, PB = Pm - Pb. When PB > Pm - Pb, the fuel cell life will be extended. On the contrary, when PB < Pm - Pb, the fuel cell life will be shortened. Through the matching of the lithium battery capacity, the fuel cell life can be adjusted.

[0126] Among them, in the case where Pb < Pn ≤ Pm, according to the total power designed and matched for the lithium battery, after its charging amount reaches the capacitance capacity upper limit value, it supplies power in coordination with the hydrogen fuel cell and can support operation at the Pm maximum demand point for about 1 hour, reducing the operation time at the Pm output point.

[0127] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 5 it can be seen that before obtaining the vehicle request power, the method further includes: starting the hydrogen fuel cell according to the obtained vehicle start instruction, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the idle power in the high voltage region, and charging the lithium battery at the same time.

[0128] Among them, when starting the hydrogen fuel cell, since the vehicle request power has not been received yet, therefore, the electrical energy generated when the hydrogen fuel cell starts cannot be consumed and can only be stored by the lithium battery. To avoid the battery capacity of the lithium battery reaching the capacity upper limit value and causing the electrical energy generated when the hydrogen fuel cell starts to be unable to be consumed by the lithium battery, in this embodiment, the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced. According to the inverse relationship between the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the output voltage, it is necessary to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the high voltage region. According to the results of the accelerated durability aging test, the lower the voltage in the high voltage region, the better the aging performance of the hydrogen fuel cell. Therefore, to consume the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell to the greatest extent, in this embodiment, the target operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell in the high voltage region is set to the idle power.

[0129] Specifically, the vehicle controller receives the vehicle start command, and the fuel cell controller starts the hydrogen fuel cell according to the vehicle start command, and controls the hydrogen fuel cell to run at idle power in the high-pressure zone, while charging the lithium battery.

[0130] In one embodiment of this application, the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the high-pressure region, medium-pressure region, and low-pressure region accounts for, for example, Figure 6 As shown, refer to Figure 6 The main purpose of the target control strategy in this application embodiment is to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone for a long time.

[0131] In one embodiment, a schematic diagram of the vehicle's requested power and power matching for the hydrogen fuel cell in this application is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the optimal operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is set to the commonly required power; in the low-pressure region, the power is supplemented by lithium batteries to meet the power requirements of the entire vehicle.

[0132] In this embodiment, when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate preferentially in the medium-pressure region, and preferentially run at the minimum decay operating voltage Vb and the commonly required power Pb, so that the power corresponding to the minimum decay operating voltage Vb coincides with the commonly required power Pb. Under the premise of achieving a medium-pressure region operating time of 80%, the durability of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved by more than 50-70%. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the lower limit of capacity, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate in the low-pressure region according to the operating voltage Vm and the maximum operating power Pm, and the hydrogen fuel cell supplies power to the vehicle and the lithium battery by controlling the hydrogen fuel cell. This can reduce the battery loss of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region and the low-pressure region, and extend the life of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0133] In one embodiment, this embodiment provides detailed steps of a hydrogen fuel cell control method, specifically including the following steps:

[0134] Step 1: Based on the obtained vehicle start command, start the hydrogen fuel cell, control the hydrogen fuel cell to run at idle power in the high-pressure zone, and charge the lithium battery at the same time.

[0135] Step 2: Obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle.

[0136] Step 3: When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, determine the target control strategy as the first control strategy and execute step 5; the first control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone and the high-pressure zone, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone is greater than the operating time in the high-pressure zone.

[0137] Step 4: When the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, determine the target control strategy as the second control strategy and execute step 6; the second control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone is greater than the operating time in the low-pressure zone.

[0138] Step 5: Control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the required power in the medium-pressure zone, drive the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell, and charge the lithium battery; detect the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit, stop the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery and instruct the lithium battery to switch from charging to discharging; control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone, and drive the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery; detect the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is lower than the lower limit, stop the lithium battery from discharging, instruct the lithium battery to switch from discharging to charging, and return to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the required power in the medium-pressure zone.

[0139] Step 6: Control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the required power in the medium-pressure zone, and drive the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery; detect the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the lower limit, stop the lithium battery from discharging and instruct the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state; control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the maximum operating power in the low-pressure zone, and drive the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell to charge the lithium battery; detect the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery, and when the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit, stop the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery, instruct the lithium battery to switch from the charging state to the discharging state, and return to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the required power in the medium-pressure zone, and continue execution.

[0140] In this embodiment, the optimal deterioration voltage power of the fuel cell is controlled to coincide with the commonly used power point of the vehicle. The lithium battery capacity is matched to reduce the operating time at the Vm point (the voltage corresponding to the maximum operating power) at the lowest cost. The fuel cell is controlled to preferentially operate at the voltage Vb, thereby minimizing the material degradation of the fuel cell and improving its service life.

[0141] In one embodiment, this embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell control method operating in a specific operating scenario of a vehicle model 1 with a total load capacity of 18 tons. According to the operating scenario, the commonly required power Pr = 90kW, and the maximum required power Pm = 130kW. Through accelerated durability testing of the core components of the fuel cell to be matched, the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb = 0.72V is obtained. The power of the fuel cell at a voltage of Vb = 0.72V is designed as Pb = Pr = 90kW, and Pm = 130kW is set as the maximum operating power of the fuel cell, with an operating point voltage of Vm = 0.68V. Based on the vehicle's requirement that the idle power not exceed 8% of the vehicle's required power Pm, the high-voltage operating idle power Pa = Pm * 8% = 130 * 8% = 11kW is selected, and the corresponding operating idle voltage Va = 0.83V for the fuel cell is chosen. The matched lithium battery capacity PB = (Pm - Pb) * (1 - 98% + 20%) = 50kW.h When the vehicle is started, the lithium battery is at 30% SOC, and the fuel cell enters idle operation, outputting an idle power of Pa = 11kW to charge the lithium battery. The vehicle requests a power of 70kW, and the fuel cell operates continuously at a single-cell voltage of Vb = 0.72V, outputting a power of Pb = 90kW. The fuel cell outputs 70kW to directly drive the motor to run the vehicle, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery at 20kW. After the lithium battery reaches its high design limit of 98% SOC, the fuel cell enters idle operation, with a single-cell operating voltage of Va = 0.83V and an output power of Pa = 11kW. The combined power of the fuel cell and lithium battery, totaling 59kW, drives the motor to run the vehicle. When the lithium battery reaches its low design limit of 20% SOC, the fuel cell switches to continuous operation at a single-cell voltage of Vb = 0.72V, outputting a power of Pb = 90kW. At this point, the fuel cell outputs 70kW to directly drive the motor to run the vehicle, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery at 20kW, until the next cycle repeats. When the vehicle requests 110kW of power, the fuel cell continues to operate at Vb=0.72V and Pb=90kW, with the lithium battery outputting 20kW to assist in driving the vehicle. This continues until the lithium battery reaches its minimum design charge (20% SOC). At this point, the fuel cell voltage increases to a single-cell voltage of Vm=0.68V, with an output power of Pm=130kW. The fuel cell then outputs 110kW to directly drive the motor and operate the vehicle, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery at 20kW. Once the lithium battery reaches its maximum design charge (98% SOC), the fuel cell re-enters the Vb=0.72V and Pb=90kW operating point, with both the fuel cell and lithium battery simultaneously driving the vehicle until the lithium battery reaches its minimum design charge (20% SOC), at which point the next cycle begins.Using the above fuel cell configuration and operation control cycle strategy, according to onboard software statistics, the operating time at Vb=0.72V accounted for 82%. After 10,000 hours of operation, compared with the same working scenario, when the fuel cell responds to the vehicle's demand across the entire power range, the voltage drop ΔVb at the Vb=0.72V point of the fuel cell decreased from 0.035V to 0.012V, and the durability was improved by more than 66%.

[0142] In one embodiment, this embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell control method operating in a specific operating scenario of a vehicle model 2 with a total load capacity of 25 tons. The commonly required power is Pr = 120kW, and the maximum required power is Pm = 175kW. Through accelerated durability testing of the core components of the fuel cell to be matched, the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb = 0.73V is obtained. The power of the fuel cell at a voltage of Vb = 0.73V is designed as Pb = Pr = 120kW, and Pm = 175kW is set as the maximum operating power of the fuel cell, with an operating point voltage of Vm = 0.683V. Based on the vehicle's requirement that the idle power not exceed 8% of the vehicle's required power, the high-voltage operating idle power Pa = Pm * 8% = 175 * 8% = 14kW is selected, and the corresponding operating idle voltage Va = 0.83V for the fuel cell is chosen. The matched lithium battery capacity PB = (Pm - Pb) * (1 - 98% + 20%) = 68kW.h. When the vehicle is started, the lithium battery is at 40% SOC, and the fuel cell enters idle operation, outputting an idle power of Pa = 14kW to charge the lithium battery. When the vehicle requests 130kW of power, the fuel cell enters optimal voltage operation, with a single-cell operating voltage Vb = 0.73 and an output power Pb = 120kW. The lithium battery outputs 10kW to assist in driving the vehicle until the lithium battery reaches the lower limit of the SOC design (20%). Then, the fuel cell increases to an operating mode with a single-cell voltage Vm = 0.683 and an output power Pm = 175kW. The fuel cell outputs 130kW to directly drive the motor to run the vehicle, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery at 45kW until the lithium battery capacity reaches the upper limit of the SOC design (98%). Then, the fuel cell returns to optimal voltage operation, with a single-cell operating voltage Vb = 0.73 and an output power Pb = 120kW. The lithium battery outputs 10kW to assist in driving the vehicle until the next cycle begins. When the vehicle requests 40kW of power, the fuel cell operates at Vb=0.73V and output power Pb=120kW. The fuel cell outputs 40kW to directly drive the motor and run the vehicle, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery at 80kW. This continues until the lithium battery capacity reaches 98% of the design maximum SOC. At this point, the fuel cell operates at a single-cell voltage Va=0.83V and output power Pb=14kW, with the combined output power of the fuel cell and lithium battery (26kW) driving the motor and running the vehicle. When the lithium battery capacity reaches 20% of the design minimum SOC, the fuel cell switches to a single-cell voltage of Vb=0.73V and continues operating at 120kW. At this point, the fuel cell outputs 40kW to directly drive the motor and run the vehicle, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery at 80kW, until the next cycle repeats.Using the above fuel cell configuration and operation control cycle strategy, according to onboard software statistics, the operating time at Vb=0.73V accounted for 87%. After 10,000 hours of operation, compared with the same working scenario, when the fuel cell responds to the vehicle's demand across the entire power range, the voltage drop ΔVb at the Vb=0.73V point of the fuel cell decreased from 0.035V to 0.010V, and the durability was improved by more than 71%.

[0143] In one embodiment, this embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell control method operating in a specific operating scenario of a vehicle model 3 with a total load capacity of 46 tons. The commonly required power is Pr = 150kW, and the maximum required power is Pm = 220kW. Through accelerated durability testing of the core components of the fuel cell to be matched, the minimum degradation operating voltage Vb = 0.72V is obtained. The power of the fuel cell at a voltage of Vb = 0.72V is designed as Pb = Pr = 150kW, and Pm = 220kW is set as the maximum operating power of the fuel cell, with an operating point voltage of Vm = 0.65V. Based on the vehicle's requirement that the idle power not exceed 8% of the vehicle's required power Pm, the high-voltage operating idle power Pa = Pm * 6% = 220 * 6% = 13kW is selected, and the corresponding operating idle voltage Va = 0.85V for the fuel cell is chosen. The matched lithium battery capacity PB = (Pm - Pb) * (1 - 98% + 20%) = 86kW.h. When the vehicle is started, the lithium battery is at 60% SOC, and the fuel cell enters idle operation, outputting an idle power of Pa = 13kW to charge the lithium battery. The vehicle requests 150kW of power, and the fuel cell operates continuously at a single-cell voltage of Vb = 0.72V, outputting a power of Pb = 150kW. The fuel cell outputs 110kW to directly drive the motor, and the lithium battery is in a non-output / input state. When the vehicle requests 220kW of power, the fuel cell operates continuously at Vb = 0.72V, outputting a power of Pb = 150kW. The lithium battery enters output mode, outputting 70kW in conjunction with the fuel cell to drive the motor, and the vehicle continues to operate. Once the lithium battery reaches the design minimum SOC of 20%, the fuel cell switches to operation at Vm = 0.65V and an output power of Pm = 220kW. The fuel cell outputs 220kW to directly drive the motor, and the lithium battery is in a non-output / input state. Using the above fuel cell configuration and operation control cycle strategy, according to onboard software statistics, the operating time at Vb=0.72V accounted for 81%. After 10,000 hours of operation, compared with the same working scenario, when the fuel cell responds to the vehicle's demand across the entire power range, the voltage drop ΔVb at the Vb=0.72V point of the fuel cell decreased from 0.034V to 0.016V, and the durability was improved by nearly 53%.

[0144] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0145] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell control device for implementing the hydrogen fuel cell control method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the hydrogen fuel cell control device provided below can be found in the limitations of the hydrogen fuel cell control method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell control device is provided, including: a request module 801, used to obtain the requested power of the vehicle;

[0147] The control strategy determination module 802 is used to determine the target control strategy based on the power requested by the vehicle. The target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone for a greater than a preset percentage. The percentage of operating time includes the ratio of the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has relatively low losses.

[0148] The drive module 803 is used to drive the vehicle motor according to the target control strategy.

[0149] In one embodiment, the target control strategy includes a first control strategy and a second control strategy; the first control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a medium-pressure region and a high-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the high-pressure region; the second control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in a medium-pressure region and a low-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the low-pressure region.

[0150] The drive module 803 is also used to: determine the target control strategy as the first control strategy when the requested power of the whole vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power;

[0151] When the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, the target control strategy is determined to be the second control strategy.

[0152] In one embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the vehicle and the lithium battery; when the target control strategy is the first control strategy, the drive module 803 is also used to: control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure range according to the usual required power when the lithium battery is in a charging state.

[0153] When the lithium battery is in a discharged state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone.

[0154] In one embodiment, the drive module 803 is also used to: control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone, drive the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell, and charge the lithium battery;

[0155] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit, it stops the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery and instructs the lithium battery to switch from the charging state to the discharging state.

[0156] In one embodiment, the drive module 803 is also used to: control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone, and drive the vehicle motor to operate through the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery;

[0157] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity is lower than the lower limit, it stops discharging the lithium battery, instructs the lithium battery to switch from the discharging state to the charging state, and returns to the steps of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone.

[0158] In one embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the vehicle and the lithium battery; when the target control strategy is the second control strategy, the drive module 803 is also used to: control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure range according to the commonly required power when the lithium battery is in a discharged state.

[0159] When the lithium battery is charging, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at its maximum power in the low-pressure zone.

[0160] In one embodiment, the drive module 803 is also used to: control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone, and drive the vehicle motor to operate through the hydrogen fuel cell and lithium battery;

[0161] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity reaches the lower limit, it stops discharging the lithium battery and indicates that the lithium battery is switching from the discharging state to the charging state.

[0162] In one embodiment, the drive module 803 is also used to: control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at maximum operating power in the low-pressure zone, drive the vehicle motor through the hydrogen fuel cell, and charge the lithium battery at the same time;

[0163] The system detects the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit, it stops the hydrogen fuel cell from charging the lithium battery, instructs the lithium battery to switch from charging to discharging, and returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power in the medium-pressure zone, and continues to execute.

[0164] In one embodiment, the drive module 803 is further configured to: start the hydrogen fuel cell according to the acquired vehicle start command, control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone, and charge the lithium battery at the same time.

[0165] The modules in the aforementioned hydrogen fuel cell control device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be hardware-driven, embedded within or independent of the processor in a computer device, or software-driven and stored in the computer device's memory, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0166] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a hydrogen fuel cell control method. The display unit of the computer device is used to form a visually visible image. It can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the computer device, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0167] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0168] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method embodiments.

[0169] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method embodiments.

[0170] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method embodiments.

[0171] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data shall comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0173] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0174] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle; Based on the requested power of the vehicle, a target control strategy is determined; the target control strategy is used to control the proportion of the hydrogen fuel cell's operating time in the medium-pressure zone to be greater than a preset proportion; the proportion of operating time includes the ratio of the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process; the medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has relatively low losses. According to the target control strategy, drive the vehicle's motor to operate; The target control strategy includes a first control strategy and a second control strategy; the first control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure region and the high-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the high-pressure region; the second control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure region and the low-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the low-pressure region. The step of determining the target control strategy based on the requested power of the vehicle includes: When the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power, the target control strategy is determined to be the first control strategy. If the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power, the target control strategy is determined to be the second control strategy.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the vehicle and the lithium battery. When the target control strategy is the first control strategy, driving the vehicle motor according to the target control strategy includes: When the lithium battery is in a charging state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate in the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power. When the lithium battery is in a discharged state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power level within the medium-pressure zone when the lithium battery is in a charging state includes: The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate within the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power, and the hydrogen fuel cell drives the vehicle motor and charges the lithium battery. The real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is detected. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit of the capacity, the hydrogen fuel cell stops charging the lithium battery and instructs the lithium battery to switch from the charging state to the discharging state.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at idle power in the high-pressure zone when the lithium battery is in a discharged state includes: The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at the idle power within the high-pressure zone, and the vehicle motor is driven by the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery. The real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is detected. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is lower than the lower limit of the capacity, the lithium battery is stopped discharging, the lithium battery is instructed to switch from the discharging state to the charging state, and the process returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the vehicle and the lithium battery. When the target control strategy is the second control strategy, the step of driving the vehicle motor to operate according to the target control strategy includes: When the lithium battery is in a discharged state, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate within the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power. When the lithium battery is charging, the hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at maximum power in the low-pressure zone.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at the commonly required power level within the medium-pressure zone when the lithium battery is in a discharged state includes: The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate within the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power, and the vehicle motor is driven by the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery. The real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is detected. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the lower limit of the capacity, the lithium battery is stopped discharging, and the lithium battery is instructed to switch from the discharging state to the charging state.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate at maximum power in the low-pressure region while the lithium battery is charging includes: The hydrogen fuel cell is controlled to operate at its maximum operating power in the low-pressure zone, and the vehicle motor is driven by the hydrogen fuel cell, while the lithium battery is charged. The real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery is detected. When the real-time battery capacity of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit of the capacity, the charging of the lithium battery by the hydrogen fuel cell is stopped, and the lithium battery is instructed to switch from the charging state to the discharging state. The process then returns to the step of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone according to the commonly required power, and continues to execute.

8. A hydrogen fuel cell control device, characterized in that, The device includes: The request module is used to obtain the requested power of the entire vehicle; The control strategy determination module is used to determine a target control strategy based on the requested power of the vehicle. The target control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure zone for a greater than a preset percentage. The percentage of operating time includes the ratio of the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure zone to the total time corresponding to the entire control process. The medium-pressure zone is the voltage range in which the hydrogen fuel cell has relatively low losses. The drive module is used to drive the vehicle motor to operate according to the target control strategy; The target control strategy includes a first control strategy and a second control strategy; the first control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure region and the high-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the high-pressure region; the second control strategy is used to control the hydrogen fuel cell to operate in the medium-pressure region and the low-pressure region, and the operating time of the hydrogen fuel cell in the medium-pressure region is greater than the operating time in the low-pressure region. The drive module is further configured to determine the target control strategy as the first control strategy when the requested power of the vehicle is less than or equal to the commonly required power; and to determine the target control strategy as the second control strategy when the requested power of the vehicle is greater than the commonly required power.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images