Quasi co-location variants for single frequency network deployment

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) can receive a first indication that one or more reference signals correspond to a plurality of beam configurations. The UE can be configured to communicate with a plurality of transmission reception points. The UE can receive, based on receiving the first indication, a second indication of a first quasi co-location (QCL) type and a second QCL type. The first QCL type can be associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmission reception point and the second QCL type can be associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmission reception point. The UE can determine, based on the first and second QCL types, whether the plurality of transmission reception points are using a pre-compensation scheme. The UE can receive, based on the determination, one or more reference signals from the plurality of transmission reception points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communications, including quasi-co-located (QCL) variants for single-frequency network (SFN) deployments. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, improved LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each supporting communication with multiple communication devices (which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE)) simultaneously. Some wireless communication systems may support communication between a UE and multiple Transmitter-Receiver Points (TRPs). However, such systems may experience relatively inefficient or unreliable communication. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses supporting quasi-co-located (QCL) variants for single-frequency network (SFN) deployments. In summary, the described technology enables a network to instruct a user equipment (UE) on a reference signal configuration, transmission scheme, or both. For example, the UE can receive control signaling instructing the reference signal configuration, transmission scheme, or both from one or more transmit / receive points (TRPs). The UE can receive a first indication from the TRP regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to multiple beam configurations. As an example, a higher-layer parameter can indicate a transmission scheme for tracking reference signals associated with two or more Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states (e.g., the parameter can indicate a distributed mode transmission scheme or a partially distributed mode transmission scheme for transmitting the reference signals).

[0004] Alternatively, the UE may receive a second indication of one or more QCL types. For example, the UE may identify a first QCL type associated with a first beam configuration (e.g., a first QCL type for a first set of one or more TRPs) and a second QCL type associated with a second beam configuration (e.g., a second QCL type for a second set of one or more TRPs) based on the second indication. The UE may determine that the first and second QCL types correspond to corresponding QCL variants. The UE may identify a transmission scheme based on the QCL variants (e.g., the UE may be configured to implement a pre-compensation scheme or an SFN scheme according to the QCL variants). Therefore, the UE can receive reference signals according to the determined reference signal configuration and transmission scheme, which can lead to improved communication reliability (e.g., improved reception of data from multiple TRPs).

[0005] A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) is described. The method may include: receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; determining, based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the set of multiple TRPs is using a pre-compensation scheme; and receiving the one or more reference signals from the set of multiple TRPs based on the determination.

[0006] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; based on receiving the first indication, receive a second indication for a first QCL type and a second QCL type, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; determine, based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the set of multiple TRPs is using a pre-compensation scheme; and based on the determination, receive the one or more reference signals from the set of multiple TRPs.

[0007] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: unit for receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; unit for receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; unit for determining, based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the set of multiple TRPs is using a pre-compensation scheme; and unit for receiving the one or more reference signals from the set of multiple TRPs based on the determination.

[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a first indication that one or more reference signals correspond to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; based on receiving the first indication, receive a second indication for a first QCL type and a second QCL type, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; determine, based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the set of multiple TRPs is using a pre-compensation scheme; and based on the determination, receive the one or more reference signals from the set of multiple TRPs.

[0009] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for determining that one or more TRPs in a set of the plurality of TRPs may be implementing the pre-compensation scheme, based on the difference between the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0010] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving a second reference signal from the second TRP; and receiving downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP according to the pre-compensation scheme based on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0011] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving the first reference signal from the second TRP; receiving a second reference signal from the first TRP or the second TRP; and receiving downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP according to the pre-compensation scheme based on receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal, or both.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving a second reference signal from the second TRP; and receiving downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP according to the pre-compensation scheme based on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving a first reference signal from a first TRP and receiving a second reference signal from a second TRP; receiving a downlink message from the first TRP via a resource set based on the first reference signal; and receiving the downlink message from the second TRP via the resource set based on the second reference signal.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for receiving a third reference signal from the first TRP and the second TRP, wherein the received downlink message is based on the third reference signal.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for identifying an anchor TRP from a set of plurality of TRPs based on: a first beam configuration in the set of plurality of beam configurations, a beam configuration with the lowest index, a third indication of the anchor TRP included in the configuration in the set of plurality of beam configurations, a fourth indication in a media access control (MAC) control element, a fifth indication of parameters for avoiding the use of the beam configuration, or any combination thereof.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining average delay and delay spread based on determining whether one or more TRPs in the set of the plurality of TRPs are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and the one or more reference signals.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread based on a reference signal of an anchor TRP, based on determining whether one or more TRPs in a set of the plurality of TRPs are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and the one or more reference signals.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the first indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving a radio resource control message including the first indication, the first indication including higher-level parameters.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the higher-layer parameters indicate SFN downlink transmissions from a set of the plurality of TRPs associated with the set of the plurality of beam configurations.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the higher-layer parameters may be configured as a physical downlink shared channel higher-layer configuration, a physical downlink control channel control resource set configuration, or a combination thereof.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the higher-level parameters indicate the transmission scheme associated with the reference signal configuration.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining a reference signal mode based on receiving the first indication, wherein the reference signal mode includes a distributed tracking reference signal mode or a partially distributed tracking reference signal mode.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of multiple beam configurations includes a set of multiple TCI states.

[0024] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining one or more QCL parameters based on receiving the one or more reference signals; and using the determined one or more QCL parameters to receive downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0025] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include: sending a first indication to a UE regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple TRPs; based on the determination of whether to use the pre-compensation scheme, sending a second indication for a first QCL type and a second QCL type, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; and sending the one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0026] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: send a first indication to a UE regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; determine whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple TRPs; based on the determination of whether to use the pre-compensation scheme, send a second indication for a first QCL type and a second QCL type, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; and send the one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0027] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include: unit for transmitting to a UE a first indication that one or more reference signals correspond to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; unit for determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple TRPs; unit for transmitting a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on determining whether to use the pre-compensation scheme, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; and unit for transmitting the one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0028] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a base station. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: send a first indication to a UE regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple TRPs; determine whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple TRPs; based on the determination of whether to use the pre-compensation scheme, send a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type, the first QCL type associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP in the set of multiple TRPs, and the second QCL type associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP in the set of multiple TRPs; and send the one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining an implementation of the pre-compensation scheme, wherein the second indication indicates that the first QCL type is different from the second QCL type based on the difference in the pre-compensation scheme.

[0030] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting a first reference signal from the first TRP, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second TRP; and transmitting a downlink message according to the pre-compensation scheme based on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0031] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting a first reference signal; and transmitting a downlink message according to the pre-compensation scheme based on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0032] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting a first reference signal, which is different from a second reference signal from the second TRP; and transmitting downlink messages according to the pre-compensation scheme based on transmitting the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0033] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting a first reference signal from the first TRP, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second TRP; and transmitting a downlink message to the UE via a resource set based on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, and said methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, elements, or instructions for performing the following: sending to the UE a third indication to the anchor TRP included in a configuration of the set of said plurality of beam configurations, a fourth indication in a Media Access Control (MAC) control element command message, a fifth indication of parameters for avoiding the use of beam configurations, or any combination thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 Examples of wireless communication systems supporting quasi-co-located (QCL) variants for single-frequency network (SFN) deployments are shown in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 3A and 3B An example of a wireless communication system supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 4-6 An example of a process flow supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown, based on various aspects of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 7and 8 A block diagram of a device supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 9 A block diagram is shown that supports a communication manager for QCL variants used in SFN deployment, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a system including a device supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 11 and 12 A block diagram of a device supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 13 A block diagram is shown that supports a communication manager for QCL variants used in SFN deployment, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a system including a device supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0045] Figures 15 to 18 A flowchart illustrating methods for supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0046] In some wireless communication systems, a user equipment (UE) may support communication with multiple transmit / receive points (TRPs) (e.g., in a multi-TRP configuration). For example, the wireless communication system may include cells associated with multiple TRPs, where the UE can communicate with the cell through more than one TRP. Alternatively, the wireless communication system may include cells associated with a remote radio head (RRH) or multiple RRHs, where the UE can communicate with the TRP through more than one RRH. For example, the UE can receive single-frequency network (SFN) transmissions from multiple TRPs (or multiple RRHs). That is, the UE can receive multiple instances of transmissions from each of the multiple TRPs and use them to decode a single downlink transmission. Additionally, the UE may move relative to one or more TRPs. Therefore, communication between the UE and each of the TRPs may be associated with Doppler shift or Doppler spread. In some cases, the Doppler effect of communication between the UE and multiple TRPs may be inconsistent from one TRP to another. That is, communication between the UE and the first TRP may experience a greater Doppler shift than communication between the UE and the second TRP. In some cases, the variable Doppler effect of communication between the UE and multiple TRPs may degrade the communication between the UE and multiple TRPs (e.g., reduce the reliability of communication).

[0047] According to the techniques described herein, wireless communication systems can support quasi-co-located (QCL) variants for single-frequency network (SFN) deployments. One or more TRPs communicating with the UE can indicate a reference signal configuration, transmission scheme, or both to the UE. For example, a TRP can send control signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling) that includes a first indication that one or more reference signals correspond to multiple beam configurations (e.g., multiple Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states). In some examples, the first indication may include parameters indicating whether the reference signal configuration is a distributed or partially distributed mode. If the reference signal configuration is a distributed mode, each of the multiple TRPs can transmit a separate reference signal (e.g., a first group of one or more TRPs can transmit a first reference signal, and a second group of one or more TRPs can transmit a second reference signal). If the reference signal configuration is a partially distributed mode, the multiple TRPs can transmit the same reference signal in an SFN manner, except that one or more TRPs transmit a second reference signal different from the first reference signal. The reference signal can be an example of a tracking reference signal (TRS), a synchronization signal block (SSB) transmission, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or any combination thereof. The UE can use reference signals as described in this article to estimate aspects of the channel.

[0048] In some examples, the UE may receive a second indication from one or more TRPs. The second indication may indicate one or more QCL types associated with one or more TRP groups. As an example, the UE may identify a first QCL type associated with a first beam configuration based on the second indication. For example, the UE may be configured with a first TCI state for a first set of one or more TRPs, and the UE may determine the first QCL type associated with the first TCI state. Alternatively, the UE may identify a second QCL type associated with a second beam configuration. For example, the UE may be configured with a second TCI state for a second set of one or more TRPs, and the UE may determine the second QCL type associated with the second TCI state. In some cases, the QCL type may be associated with a set of QCL parameters (e.g., average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, spatial filtering parameters, or any combination thereof).

[0049] The UE may determine one or more configurations, schemes, anchor TRPs, parameters, or any combination thereof based at least in part on receiving a first indication and a second indication. For example, the UE may determine a reference signal configuration (e.g., a distributed mode or a partially distributed mode) based on the first indication. In some examples, the UE may determine whether the reference signal configuration includes a TRP-specific configuration (e.g., the reference signal may be transmitted on a per-TRP basis or for each group of TRPs), which may be referred to as a distributed mode. In some other examples, the UE may determine whether the reference signal configuration includes an SFN configuration (e.g., the same reference signal may be transmitted by multiple TRPs, and different reference signals may be transmitted by at least a subset of multiple TRPs), which may be referred to as a partially distributed mode (which may be referred to herein as a scheme, technique, procedure, etc.) or a backward-compatible mode (which may be referred to herein as a scheme, technique, procedure, etc.). Alternatively or additionally, the UE may determine a transmission scheme based on identifying a first QCL type and a second QCL type. For example, the UE may determine a corresponding QCL variant associated with the first QCL type and the second QCL type. The QCL variant may correspond to a transmission scheme. For example, the UE may determine whether the transmission scheme includes a pre-compensation scheme or an SFN scheme based on the QCL variant.

[0050] In some examples, the UE can identify the anchor TRP among multiple TRPs. For example, the UE can determine that a TRP with a TCI state including a Doppler frequency shift parameter is an anchor TRP. In some examples, the UE can determine that the anchor TRP is associated with a first TCI state or a TCI state with the lowest state identifier (ID). Alternatively or additionally, the UE can identify the anchor TRP based on a corresponding configuration with an indication (e.g., a flag) of the TCI state, or the UE can receive a Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) command indicating the anchor TRP. In some cases, the UE can receive an indication to ignore the QCL parameter of the TCI state, and the UE can determine that different TCI states are associated with the anchor TRP.

[0051] In some examples, the UE can determine one or more QCL parameters based on the received reference signal, depending on the transmission scheme and reference signal configuration. For example, the UE can extract average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof from one or more tracking reference signals.

[0052] Various aspects of the subject matter described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. The techniques employed by the described device can provide benefits and enhancements to the operation of the device. For example, the operations performed by the device can provide improvements in reliability and efficiency in receiving and decoding communications from multiple TRPs. For instance, it can enable the network (e.g., base station, TRP) to configure or instruct the UE on various transmission schemes and reference signal configurations, which can result in improved reference signaling and a reduced likelihood of decoding errors. Such techniques may be useful in various situations, such as when the UE is traveling at a relatively high speed relative to one or more TRPs (e.g., in a high-speed train (HST) scenario) and the received signals may have a relatively large Doppler shift. Therefore, the described techniques can include features for improving the reliability and efficiency of communications, as well as other advantages.

[0053] Various aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems and process flows. These aspects are further illustrated by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to QCL variants for SFN deployment, and are described with reference to these diagrams.

[0054] Figure 1Examples of wireless communication systems 100 supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment are shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an improved LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-APro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, or communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0055] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area where base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal transmission according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0056] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices), such as... Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0057] Base station 105 can communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or perform both of these operations. For example, base station 105 can interface with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base station 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) on backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or perform both of these operations. In some examples, backhaul link 120 can be or includes one or more radio links.

[0058] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base station transceiver, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation Node B or gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home Node B, home evolved Node B, or other suitable terms.

[0059] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, and other examples. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, and other examples, which may be implemented in various items such as appliances, vehicles, meters, and other examples.

[0060] The UE 115 described in this document may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s that can sometimes act as relays, as well as base station 105 and network devices, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, and other examples, such as... Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0061] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0062] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0063] It can be expressed in a basic unit of time (which can be, for example, T). s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f The sampling period is ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The time intervals used for base station 105 or UE 115 can be represented as multiples of the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time intervals of communication resources can be organized based on radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a system frame number (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0064] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., this depends on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) f (Number) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0065] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst form of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0066] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search for control regions against control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in a cascaded manner at one or more aggregation levels. The aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information in a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set used to send control information to a particular UE 115.

[0067] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and therefore provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0068] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions can include service prioritization, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0069] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE 115s on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocols). One or more UE 115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UE 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, wherein each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UE 115s without involving base station 105.

[0070] Core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and can include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) routing packets to or interconnecting with external networks. The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transmitted through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to IP service 150 for one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0071] Some network devices (e.g., base station 105) may include sub-components such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145 (which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP)). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across individual network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or incorporated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0072] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands (typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz). The region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is often referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range extends from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves may be sufficient to penetrate structures for macrocell service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the lower 300 MHz portion of the spectrum used in the High Frequency (HF) or Very High Frequency (VHF) regions, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0073] Wireless communication system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 can employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) can employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands can be based on carrier aggregation configurations that combine component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, and other examples.

[0074] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels (which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming). For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array having a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via antenna ports.

[0075] Base station 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technique can be called spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device can transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, a receiving device can receive multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices).

[0076] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to form or guide an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating relative to a specific orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while others experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements can include applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0077] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer can perform packet fragmentation and reassembly for transmission over logical channels. The Media Access Control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections (which support radio bearers for user plane data) between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or core network 130. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0078] The wireless communication system 100 can support a multi-TRP configuration. For example, UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions from multiple TRPs (e.g., via the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)). Therefore, UE 115 can utilize one or more multiplexing schemes (e.g., spatial multiplexing) to receive and decode each downlink transmission from the multiple TRPs. Additionally, UE 115 can decode each downlink transmission based on the TCI state (e.g., beam configuration) associated with the downlink transmission. In some cases, each TCI state can correspond to a QCL type (e.g., QCL relationship). For example, UE 115 can assume that certain channel estimates are likely similar for transmissions associated with the same TCI state (e.g., due to QCL relationships). In some cases of a multi-TRP configuration, a single TRP can send downlink control information (DCI) indicating multiple TCI states, each associated with a downlink transmission from one of the multiple TRPs (e.g., when the multiple TRPs have an ideal backhaul communication link). For example, the first TRP may send a DCI indicating the first TCI state for subsequent downlink transmissions for the first TRP. In this example, the second TRP may not send a DCI to UE 115. That is, although UE 115 communicates with multiple TRPs, UE 115 may only receive a DCI from the first TRP.

[0079] In some other cases of multi-TRP configuration, UE 115 can receive DCI from each of the multiple TRPs. In such cases, UE 115 can decode downlink transmissions based on the TCI state indicated by the DCI sent by the same TRP. For example, UE 115 can decode downlink transmissions from a first TRP based on the TCI state indicated by the first TRP within the DCI. Similarly, UE 115 can decode downlink transmissions from a second TRP based on the TCI state indicated by the second TRP within the DCI. In some cases, UE 115 can identify which TRP a TCI state is associated with based on the set of control resources (e.g., CORESET) associated with the DCI indicating the TCI state. That is, UE 115 can receive DCIs from TRPs via CORESET on the physical control channel (e.g., PDCCH). CORESET can be associated with a CORESET index (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) indicating one or more TRPs. Therefore, based on the CORESET associated with the received DCI, UE 115 can identify the TRP or TRP group that sent the DCI. Subsequently, UE 115 can identify the TRP or TRP group associated with the TCI state indicated by the DCI.

[0080] Additionally, a UE 115 communicating with more than one TRP can receive SFN transmissions from each of the TRPs. That is, more than one TRP can send the same downlink communication (e.g., PDSCH transmission) to the UE 115 on the same set of frequency resources. Therefore, the UE 115 can receive the same downlink transmission from more than one TRP. In some cases, this can increase the spatial diversity of downlink transmissions and improve their reliability compared to downlink transmissions sent by a single TRP. In some cases, SFN transmissions can be associated with a single TCI state. That is, the UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions based on a single TCI state, and each TRP can send downlink transmissions based on a single TCI state. In other cases, SFN transmissions can be associated with more than one TCI state. That is, the UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions based on more than one TCI state. Furthermore, each TRP can send downlink transmissions based on more than one TCI state.

[0081] To correctly interpret transmissions received from one or more TRPs, UE 115 can determine one or more properties of the channel on which one or more transmissions are performed. For example, UE 115 can estimate aspects of the radio channel based on one or more reference signals transmitted on the channel between the TRP and UE 115. Channel estimation can assist UE 115 in interpreting received downlink transmissions and associated channel state information (CSI), among other examples. In some cases, multiple TRPs may transmit reference signals to UE 115 as SFN reference signals for channel estimation. Therefore, UE 115 can perform channel estimation based on the SFN channel associated with multiple reference signal transmissions from different TRPs. In some cases, UE 115 may move relative to one or more TRPs, resulting in Doppler effects affecting one or more of the reference signal transmissions. Furthermore, the relative movement between UE 115 and a first TRP may differ from the relative movement between UE 115 and a second TRP. Therefore, performing single-channel estimation on the SFN channel may not reliably estimate the Doppler effects on the channel.

[0082] Alternatively, UE 115 may receive reference signals that are not transmitted from the SFN reference signal from multiple TRPs. Therefore, UE 115 may perform channel estimation (e.g., to estimate one or more Doppler metrics associated with that channel) for each channel associated with a single TRP. In some cases, this may enable UE 115 to estimate the Doppler effect on the channel more reliably (e.g., when compared to estimating the Doppler effect on the SFN channel).

[0083] In some examples, the network (e.g., multiple TRPs) may indicate a reference signal configuration, a transmission scheme, or both to UE 115. For example, UE 115 may receive control signaling from one or more TRPs indicating a reference signal configuration, a transmission scheme, or both. UE 115 may receive a first indication from the TRP regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to multiple beam configurations (e.g., multiple TCI states). As an example, the first indication may include higher-layer parameters indicating the transmission scheme for the tracking reference signal associated with two or more TCI states (e.g., the parameter may indicate a distributed mode transmission scheme or a partially distributed mode transmission scheme for transmitting the reference signal).

[0084] Alternatively, UE 115 may receive a second indication of one or more QCL types. For example, UE 115 may identify a first QCL type associated with a first beam configuration (e.g., a first QCL type for a first set of one or more TRPs) and a second QCL type associated with a second beam configuration (e.g., a second QCL type for a second set of one or more TRPs) based on the second indication. UE 115 may determine that the first and second QCL types correspond to corresponding QCL variants. UE may identify a transmission scheme based on the QCL variants (e.g., UE 115 may be configured to implement a pre-compensation scheme or an SFN scheme according to the QCL variants). Therefore, UE 115 can receive reference signals according to the determined reference signal configuration and transmission scheme, which can lead to improved communication reliability (e.g., improved reception of data from multiple TRPs).

[0085] Figure 2 Examples of wireless communication systems 200 supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment are shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Wireless communication system 200 may include UE 115-a, which may be as referred to Figure 1 An example of UE 115 is described. Additionally, the wireless communication system 200 may include a TRP 205, which may be as described in reference... Figure 1Examples of access network transport entities 145, base stations 105, or combinations thereof are described. In the wireless communication system 200, UE 115-a can be configured to communicate with multiple TRPs 205 (e.g., TRP 205-a and TRP 205-b). In some examples, the operations described in the wireless communication system 200 may be performed at other devices or in a different order.

[0086] UE 115-a can communicate with the serving cell via the first TRP 205-a and the second TRP 205-b. In some cases, UE 115-a may also communicate with an additional TRP 205 associated with the serving cell or a TRP 205 outside the serving cell. UE 115-a may receive one or more indications (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC-CE signaling, DCI transmission, or a combination thereof) of the active TCI state associated with receiving downlink transmissions from TRP 205-a and TRP 205-b. For example, TRP 205-a may send a DCI to UE 115-a indicating a first TCI state for communication between TRP 205-a and UE 115-a. Additionally, TRP 205-b may send a DCI to UE 115-a indicating a second TCI state (e.g., different from the first TCI state) for communication between TRP 205-b and UE 115-a. In another example, one of the TRPs 205 can send a DCI to UE 115-a, which indicates a first TCI state for communication between UE 115-a and TRP 205-a and a second TCI state for communication between UE 115-a and TRP 205-b.

[0087] TRP 205 communicating with UE 115-a can configure UE 115-a with a reference signal configuration, transmission scheme, or both. For example, one or more TRPs 205 can send control signaling including a first indication 220, a second indication 225, or both (e.g., RRC signaling, DCI messages, MAC-CE signaling, or any combination thereof). That is, UE 115-a can receive a first indication 220-a from TRP 205-a, a first indication 220-b from TRP 205-b, a second indication 225-a from TRP 205-a, a second indication 225-b from TRP 205-b, or any combination thereof.

[0088] In some examples, the first indication may be an example of a parameter (e.g., a higher-layer parameter in RRC signaling) indicating a transmission scheme for a reference signal with two or more beam configurations (e.g., the parameter "SFN_TRS_mode" may indicate a transmission scheme for a tracking reference signal associated with multiple TCI states). For example, the first indication may be a flag in control signaling indicating that downlink communication (e.g., PDSCH messages or PDCCH messages or both) associated with multiple TCI states may correspond to an SFN scheme, and one or more demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ports may be associated with two (or more) TCI states. In some examples, such a flag may be an example of an RRC flag (e.g., "SFN TRS mode") and may be configured via an information element (e.g., "PDSCH_config") for SFN PDSCH communication with multiple TCI states. Alternatively, the RRC flag may be configured at a CORESET information element for SFN PDCCH communication with multiple TCI states. In other words, one or more higher-layer parameters can be configured as part of the PDSCH higher-layer configuration or as part of the PDCCH CORESET, or a combination thereof. In some examples, higher-layer parameters can indicate SFN downlink transmissions from multiple TRPs with multiple TCI states (e.g., as described herein, higher-layer parameters can indicate transmission schemes, reference signal configurations, etc.). As an illustrative example, higher-layer parameters can indicate the transmission mode of the tracking reference signal in distributed or partially distributed modes.

[0089] In some examples, the reference signal mode (e.g., tracking reference signal mode) or configuration can be set to a distributed mode, where each TRP 205 can transmit a separate reference signal (e.g., TRP 205-a can transmit a first reference signal 210-a, and TRP 205-b can transmit a second reference signal 210-b that is different from or separately configured from the first reference signal 210-a). Such a distributed mode can be applied to groups of TRPs 205 (e.g., multiple TRPs in a first group can transmit the first reference signal 210-a, and multiple TRPs in a second group can transmit different reference signals 210-b). In some other examples, the reference signal mode can be set to a partially distributed mode, where one reference signal 210 is transmitted in SFN mode, and the second reference signal 210 is transmitted from one TRP 205 (or a group of TRPs 205). As an illustrative example, TRP 205-a may transmit the same reference signal 210-a as the reference signal 210-b transmitted from TRP 205-b, and TRP 205-a may also transmit another reference signal 210 different from the reference signal 210-b.

[0090] In some examples, UE 115-a may receive a second indication 225 (e.g., in addition to or replacing the first indication 220) from one or more TRPs 205. For example, UE 115-a may receive a second indication 225-a indicating the QCL type associated with TRP 205-a, and UE 115-a may receive a second indication 225-b indicating the QCL type associated with TRP 205-b. In some examples, UE 115-a may receive a second indication 225-a indicating the QCL type for multiple TRPs 205 (e.g., a group of TRPs 205 or a corresponding QCL type for each of the multiple TRPs 205). In some examples, the first indication 220 and the second indication 225 may be included in the same signal or message, or these indications may be sent separately via different signaling or messages.

[0091] UE 115-a can determine one or more QCL types based on receiving the second indication 225-a. For example, UE 115-a can identify a first QCL type associated with a first beam configuration (e.g., indicated via a first TCI state for communication with TRP 205-a). UE 115-a can identify a second QCL type associated with a second beam configuration (e.g., indicated via a second TCI state for communication with TRP 205-b). In some cases, the first QCL type can be applied to a first TRP group, and the second QCL type can be applied to a second TRP group, but any number of TRPs and QCL types can be implemented.

[0092] QCL types can each correspond to one or more QCL parameters, such as average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, spatial filtering parameters, or any combination thereof, as well as other examples of QCL parameters. In some examples, a QCL type can correspond to a spatial filtering parameter and can be referred to as QCL type D. In some examples, QCL type D can be implemented within a frequency range (e.g., frequency range 2 (FR2) corresponding to a deployment in the 24–52.6 GHz range). Alternatively or concurrently, a QCL type can correspond to Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, or any combination thereof, as well as other examples of QCL parameters. In some examples, such a QCL type may be referred to as QCL type A (e.g., a QCL type associated with Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread), QCL type B (e.g., a QCL type associated with Doppler shift and Doppler spread), QCL type C (e.g., a QCL type associated with Doppler shift and average delay), or any combination thereof, as well as other examples of QCL types (e.g., a QCL type associated with delay spread and average delay, a QCL type associated with delay spread, or other examples of QCL types).

[0093] UE 115-a can receive reference signal 210 according to QCL type. For example, UE 115-a can receive DMRS with reference signal 210-a (e.g., TRS) QCL from TRP 205-a. This allows UE 115-a to determine one or more QCL parameters according to the configured QCL type, and UE 115-a can apply such parameters to various antenna ports in the wireless communication system.

[0094] For example, two signals transmitted from the same antenna port of TRP 205-a may experience the same radio channel. Signals transmitted from different antenna ports may experience different channel conditions. In some cases, if the different antenna ports are quasi-co-located, the radio channel may have common properties or parameters. For example, QCL antenna ports may experience the same or similar Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average delay, delay spread, or spatial filtering parameters, as well as other examples of QCL parameters. Doppler shift can be an example of the frequency shift of the radio signal relative to the movement of UE 115-a (e.g., if UE 115-a is in a high-speed train deployment, UE 115-a may experience a relatively high Doppler shift). Doppler spread can be referred to as the fading rate (e.g., the difference in signal frequency relative to time at the transmitter and receiver equipment can be referred to as Doppler spread). Average delay can be an example of the average time it takes for UE 115-a to receive a signal from multiple paths between UE 115-a and the corresponding TRP 205 (e.g., due to reflections and propagation of the signal path in the environment). Delay spread can be an example of the difference between the arrival times of the earliest path (e.g., the line-of-sight path) and the latest path. Spatial filtering parameters can be examples of beamforming properties of the downlink received signal (e.g., angle of arrival, average angle of arrival, main angle of arrival, etc.) and can also be referred to as spatial receiver parameters.

[0095] Such QCL parameters enable UE 115-a or TRP 205 to estimate channel conditions (e.g., frequency offset error estimation and synchronization processes). As an example, UE 115-a can determine the QCL parameters associated with a first antenna port via a first reference signal and apply QCL parameters of the same type to other antenna ports quasi-co-located with the first antenna port. As an illustrative example, UE 115-a can receive a reference signal 210-a (e.g., TRS, DMRS, etc.) from the first antenna port and determine one or more QCL parameters based on the received reference signal 210-a. UE 115-a can estimate channel conditions based on the received reference signal 210, as described herein. UE 115-a can apply the QCL parameters to another antenna port, such as an antenna used to transmit downlink information (e.g., PDCCH messages, PDSCH messages, etc.) or other reference signals.

[0096] UE 115-a can determine QCL variants based on identifying the QCL type according to the second instruction 225. For example, UE 115-a can be configured with a lookup table to determine QCL variants corresponding to a first QCL type in a first TCI state and a second QCL type in a second TCI state. A first QCL variant (e.g., variant A) can correspond to a first QCL type associated with average delay and delay spread and a second QCL type associated with average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, and Doppler spread (e.g., QCL type A). A second QCL variant (e.g., variant B) can correspond to a first QCL type associated with average delay and delay spread and a second QCL type associated with Doppler shift and Doppler spread (e.g., QCL type B). A third QCL variant (e.g., variant C) can correspond to a first QCL type associated with delay spread and a second QCL type associated with average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, and Doppler spread (e.g., QCL type A). A fourth QCL variant (e.g., variant E) can correspond to a first QCL type and a second QCL type that are the same QCL type. For example, the first and second QCL types can be examples of QCL types associated with average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, and Doppler spread (e.g., QCL type A). Although four variants are described herein, it should be understood that any combination of QCL type and QCL parameters can be used for such variants or other examples of variants.

[0097] UE 115-a can determine the transmission scheme by identifying QCL variants using various TCI states. For example, the QCL type of the TCI state can indicate whether the transmission scheme in the wireless communication system is a pre-compensated scheme (e.g., whether the transmission is Doppler shift pre-compensated) or another transmission scheme. In a pre-compensated scheme, the network (e.g., TRP 205) can pre-compensate the downlink signal from one or more TRPs 205, allowing UE 115-a to experience a relatively small Doppler spectrum of the downlink signal. In some examples, the network can perform pre-compensation based on the uplink signal (e.g., sounding reference signal (SRS)), or UE 115-a can report estimated parameters (e.g., Doppler shift), and the network can perform pre-compensation based on that report. Therefore, the device of the wireless communication system 200 can identify QCL variants and corresponding transmission schemes.

[0098] As an illustrative example, if a higher-layer parameter is configured at UE 115-a (e.g., via first indication 220-a and / or 220-b), and the QCL types of two TCI states refer to the same type (e.g., both QCL types are variant E of QCL type A), then UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme has not been pre-compensated. In some such examples, the higher-layer parameter may indicate the mode or scheme of the reference signal transmission (e.g., as an example, the parameter may indicate a distributed mode or a partially distributed mode for the transmission used to track the reference signal).

[0099] As another illustrative example, the QCL type of the TCI state can be different (e.g., one or more QCL types may differ from type A, and the resulting QCL variants may differ from variant E, such as variant A, B, or C). In such an example, UE 115-a, TRP 205, or a combination thereof can determine that the transmission scheme is pre-compensated (e.g., TRP 205 and / or UE 115-a can perform Doppler shift pre-compensation operations on downlink transmission 230 or uplink transmission). In some such examples, a second QCL type (e.g., the QCL type associated with the second TCI state of TRP 205-b) can indicate a reference signal configuration (e.g., a TRS mode). For example, if the second QCL type is QCL type B, the device of the wireless communication system 200 can determine to implement a partially distributed (i.e., backward compatible) TRS mode. Alternatively, if the second QCL type is QCL type A, the device can implement a distributed TRS mode.

[0100] In some examples, UE 115-a can identify the anchor TRP 205 among multiple TRPs 205. For example, UE 115-a can use the TRS of the anchor TRP 205 to perform frequency tracking techniques (e.g., UE 115-a can run a frequency tracking loop). In some examples, UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme is a pre-compensated scheme (e.g., based on a QCL variant as described herein). In such examples, UE 115-a can determine that the TRP 205 associated with a QCL type having Doppler shift parameters is the anchor TRP 205 (i.e., the master TRP 205), but other QCL parameters or QCL types can be used.

[0101] In some other examples, UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme is different from the pre-compensation scheme (e.g., as referred to herein). Figure 3B(SFN scheme 1 described). For example, the transmission scheme may not implement pre-compensation (e.g., TRS may be transmitted on a per-TRP basis or in a non-SFN manner, while DMRS and downlink transmission 230 may be transmitted from TRP 205 in an SFN manner). In such an example, the QCL type may have attributes (e.g., parameters) that include Doppler shift parameters in both cases. Therefore, UE 115-a may identify anchor TRP 205 via another indication or rule. In some examples, UE 115-a may determine that TRP 205 associated with the first TCI state or the TCI state with the lowest state ID is anchor TRP 205. Alternatively or additionally, UE 115-a may identify anchor TRP 205 based on the corresponding configuration of the TCI state with an indication (e.g., a flag) of anchor TRP 205 (e.g., the configuration transmitted by TRP 205-a may include a flag with a value indicating that TRP 205-a is anchor TRP). In some examples, UE 115-a can receive a MAC-CE command indicating the anchor TRP (e.g., a 0 or 1 bit can indicate whether TCI state 1 or TCI state 2 is the primary TRP 205). In some cases, the UE can receive an indication to ignore the QCL parameters of the TCI state (e.g., UE 115-a can receive a message from one or more TRPs 205 indicating that UE 115-a ignores the Doppler shift parameters of the TCI state), and UE 115-a can determine that another TCI state is associated with the anchor TRP 205.

[0102] UE 115-a can perform one or more operations based on a transmission scheme, a reference signal configuration, or both. For example, UE 115-a can determine one or more QCL parameters, channel delay attributes, Doppler shift and spread, or any combination thereof, based on the determined transmission scheme and reference signal configuration.

[0103] In some examples, UE 115-a can determine the average delay and delay spread. As an illustrative example, UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme is a Doppler shift pre-compensated transmission scheme. In some cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is a distributed mode. In such examples, UE 115-a can extract the average delay and delay spread based on the combined channel impulse response (CIR) (e.g., a model of the signal passing through the channel) from two reference signals 210-a and 210-b. In other words, UE 115-a can combine the signal attributes of reference signal 210-a with the signal attributes of reference signal 210-b to obtain a combined CIR, and determine the average delay and delay spread based on the combined CIR. In some other cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is a partially distributed mode. In such examples, the UE can extract the average delay and delay spread based on reference signal 210 (e.g., reference signal 210 associated with QCL type E) corresponding to the QCL attributes of the average delay and delay spread.

[0104] As another illustrative example, UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme does not use a Doppler frequency shift pre-compensation scheme (e.g., an enhanced SFN scheme without pre-compensation). In some such cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is in a distributed mode. UE 115-a can extract the average delay and delay spread based on the combined CIR from reference signals 210-a and 210-b. In other words, UE 115-a can combine the signal attributes of reference signal 210-a with the signal attributes of reference signal 210-b to obtain a combined CIR, and determine the average delay and delay spread based on the combined CIR. In some other cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is in a partially distributed mode. In such an example, for DMRS CE, UE 115-a can extract the average delay and delay spread based on reference signal 210 (e.g., TRS), which corresponds to the QCL attributes of the average delay and delay spread (e.g., reference signal 210 associated with QCL type E). Alternatively, UE 115-a may extract the channel power delay profile (PDP) of another TRP 205 based on the difference of the CIR extracted from the two reference signals 210.

[0105] In some examples, the UE can determine the Doppler shift and Doppler spread. As an illustrative example, UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme implements Doppler shift pre-compensation. In some cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is in a distributed mode. In such an example, UE 115-a can extract the Doppler shift and Doppler spread from reference signal 210 from anchor TRP 205, which is associated with a TCI state of QCL type A with QCL parameters Doppler shift and Doppler spread. In some other cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is in a partially distributed mode. In such an example, UE 115-a can extract the Doppler shift and Doppler spread from reference signal 210 from anchor TRP 205, which is associated with a TCI state of QCL type B with QCL parameters Doppler shift and Doppler spread.

[0106] As another illustrative example, UE 115-a can determine that the transmission scheme is an example of an enhanced SFN scheme without Doppler frequency shift pre-compensation. In some cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is a distributed mode. In such an example, UE 115-a can extract (e.g., estimate) the Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread from each TRP 205 based on the corresponding TRS (e.g., UE 115-a can also determine parameters based on reference signal 210-a used for TRP 205-a in addition to reference signal 210-b used for TRP 205-b). In some other cases, UE 115-a can determine that the reference signal configuration is an SFN configuration (e.g., a partially distributed mode). In such an example, UE 115-a can obtain the first CIR by subtracting the CIR of the first reference signal 210-a and the CIR of the second reference signal 210-b. UE 115-a can extract Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread from the first CIR and use such parameters for the DMRS CE to obtain time-domain autocorrelation for receiving one or more downlink transmissions 230 and / or transmitting one or more uplink transmissions.

[0107] Therefore, such technology can enhance the reliability of decoding communications from TRP 205 by allowing devices in wireless communication systems to more accurately compensate for frequency offsets between communications associated with multiple TRP 205s.

[0108] Figure 3A and 3BExamples of wireless communication systems 300 and 301 supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, wireless communication systems 300 and 301 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. For example, wireless communication systems 300 and 301 may include examples of TRP 305 and UE 115 (which may be examples of corresponding devices as described herein). Typically, wireless communication system 300 may show an example of a first reference signal configuration or scheme (e.g., a distributed mode), and wireless communication system 301 may show an example of a second reference signal configuration or scheme (e.g., a partially distributed mode).

[0109] The wireless communication system 300 may include a UE 115-b that communicates with multiple TRPs 305 (e.g., TRP 305-a and TRP 305-b). The wireless communication system 300 may support a partially distributed reference signal configuration (i.e., a backward-compatible configuration). For example, UE 115-b may receive indications as referred to herein. Figure 2 The higher-layer parameters of the partially distributed mode described are (e.g., "SFN_TRS_mode" set to partially distributed). In such an example, TRP 305-a can send TRS 310-a to UE 115-b in SFN mode (e.g., the reference signal can use the same configured frequency and time resources), and TRP 305-b can send TRS 310-a to UE 115-b in SFN mode (e.g., the reference signal can use the same configured frequency and time resources). Alternatively, TRP 305-a can send a second TRS 310-b to UE 115-b. In some examples, TRP 305-a and TRP 305-b can send PDSCH 315 and DMRS 320 in SFN mode. Although shown as having two TRPs 305, it should be understood that any number of TRPs 305 can be used.

[0110] Wireless communication system 301 may include UE 115-c that communicates with multiple TRPs 305 (e.g., TRP 305-c and TRP 305-d). Wireless communication system 301 may support distributed reference signal configuration. For example, UE 115-c may receive higher-layer parameters indicating a distributed mode (e.g., "SFN_TRS_mode" set to distributed), as referenced herein. Figure 2Described. In such an example, TRP 305-c can send TRS 310-a to UE 115-b, and TRP 305-b can send a second TRS 310-b to UE 115-b (e.g., TRS 310 can be different and sent in a manner different from SFN). In some examples, TRP 305-a and TRP 305-b can send PDSCH 315 and DMRS320 in SFN mode. Although shown as having two TRP 305s, it should be understood that any number of TRP 305s can be used.

[0111] Figure 4 An example of a process flow 400 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, process flow 400 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100, 200, 300, or 301. The process flow may include UE 115-d, a first TRP 205-c, and a second TRP 205-d, each of which may be as described in reference to... Figure 1 -3 describes an example of the UE and TRP. Typically, process flow 400 can illustrate an example of a pre-compensation scheme for the first reference signal configuration (e.g., a per-TRP reference signal configuration such as a distributed mode).

[0112] In the following description of process flow 400, communication between TRP 205 and UE 115-d may be sent in a different order than the example order shown, or operations performed by TRP 205 and UE 115-d may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 400, and other operations may be added to process flow 400.

[0113] At 405, TRP 205-c may transmit a first reference signal (e.g., a first TRS) to UE 115-d. At 410, TRP 205-d may optionally transmit a second reference signal (e.g., a second TRS2) to UE 115-d. In some examples, it may be based on references herein. Figure 1 and 2 The described distributed pattern is used to configure and send reference signals.

[0114] At 415, TRP 205-c can send a PDSCH message to UE 115-d. At 420, TRP 205-d can send the PDSCH message along with the PDSCH message at 415 to UE 115-d in SFN mode. For example, the PDSCH message may include the same message sent from two or more TRP 205s via the same resource. In some examples, at 425, TRP 205-c can send an indication to UE 115-d that the sent PDSCH message has not been pre-compensated (e.g., Doppler shift pre-compensation).

[0115] At 430, UE 115-d can determine one or more parameters as described herein (e.g., Doppler parameters, QCL parameters, etc.). At 435, UE 115-d can utilize frequency offset to compensate for one or more uplink transmissions. For example, UE 115-d can use the determined one or more parameters to adjust the frequency used for transmissions of multiple SRSs sent to TRP 205 at 440 and 445.

[0116] At 450°, TRP 205-c can perform a pre-compensation process, and at 455°, TRP 205-d can perform a pre-compensation process. For example, TRP 205 can perform a Doppler pre-compensation process, as referenced herein. Figure 2 This is part of the described transmission scheme. At points 460 and 465, TRP 205-c can send a first TRS, and TRP 205-d can send a second TRS to UE 115-d. At point 470, TRP 205-c can send a PDSCH message in SFN mode according to a pre-compensation scheme. For example, one or both of TRP 205-c and 205-d can adjust the frequency or other parameters of the PDSCH message to pre-compensate the message and improve reception at UE 115-d. In some examples, at point 480, TRP 205-c can send an indication that the PDSCH message has been pre-compensated.

[0117] Figure 5 An example of a process flow 500 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, process flow 500 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100, 200, 300, or 301. The process flow may include UE 115-e, a first TRP 205-e, and a second TRP 205-f, each of which may be as described in reference... Figure 1-4 Examples of UE and TRP described. Typically, process flow 500 can illustrate examples of pre-compensation schemes for a second reference signal configuration (e.g., an SFN reference signal configuration such as a partially distributed mode).

[0118] In the following description of process flow 500, communication between TRP 205 and UE 115-e may be sent in a different order than the example order shown, or operations performed by TRP 205 and UE 115-e may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 500, and other operations may be added to process flow 500.

[0119] At 505, TRP 205-e can send a first reference signal (e.g., a first TRS) to UE 115-e. At 510, TRP 205-f can send a first reference signal (e.g., a first TRS) to UE 115-e. In some examples, it can be based on as referenced herein. Figure 1 and 2 The description describes a partially distributed mode for configuring and sending reference signals.

[0120] At 515, TRP 205-e can send a PDSCH message to UE 115-e. At 520, TRP 205-f can send the PDSCH message along with the PDSCH message at 515 in SFN mode to UE 115-e. For example, the PDSCH message may include the same message sent from two or more TRPs 205 via the same resource. At 525, TRP 205-e can send a second reference signal (e.g., a second TRS different from the SFN first TRS sent at 505 and 510).

[0121] At 530, UE 115-e can determine one or more parameters as described herein (e.g., Doppler parameters, QCL parameters, etc.). At 535, UE 115-e can utilize frequency offset to compensate for one or more uplink transmissions. For example, UE 115-e can use the determined one or more parameters to adjust the frequency used for transmissions of multiple SRSs sent to TRP 205 at 540 and 545.

[0122] At 550°, TRP 205-e can perform a pre-compensation procedure, and at 555°, TRP 205-f can perform a pre-compensation procedure. For example, TRP 205 can perform a Doppler pre-compensation procedure, as referenced herein. Figure 2This is part of the described transmission scheme. At points 560 and 565, TRP 205-e and TRP 205-f can send a first TRS to UE 115-e. At point 570, TRP 205-e can send a PDSCH message in SFN mode according to a pre-compensation scheme. For example, one or both of TRP 205-e and 205-f can adjust the frequency or other parameters of the PDSCH message to pre-compensate the message and improve reception at UE 115-e. In some examples, at point 580, TRP 205-e can send a second reference signal to UE 115-e.

[0123] Figure 6 Examples of process flow 600 supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, process flow 600 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100, 200, 300, or 301, aspects of process flow 400 or 500, or any combination thereof. Process flow 600 may include UE 115-f, a first TRP 205-g, and a second TRP 205-h, each of which may be as described in reference to Figure 1-5 Examples of UE and TRP described. In the following description of process flow 600, communication between TRP 205 and UE 115-f may be sent in a different order than the example order shown, or operations performed by TRP 205 and UE 115-f may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 600, and other operations may be added to process flow 600.

[0124] At 605, TRP 205-g can determine the beam configuration. For example, TRP 205-g can determine the TCI state, QCL type, transmission scheme, reference signal configuration, or any combination thereof used for communication with UE 115-f. Alternatively, at 610, TRP 205-h can determine the beam configuration used for communication with UE 115-f.

[0125] At position 615, TRP 205-g can send a first instruction to UE 115-f, as described herein. Figure 2 Described. For example, the first indication may be control signaling indicating parameters (e.g., higher-layer parameters indicating reference signal configuration, such as distributed mode or partially distributed mode for receiving TRS). In some examples, at 620, TRP 205-h may additionally or alternatively send the first indication to UE 115-f.

[0126] At 625, TRP 205-g can determine the transmission scheme. For example, TRP 205-g can determine whether to implement pre-compensation for communication with UE 115-f as described herein. In some examples, at 630, TRP 205-h can additionally or alternatively determine the transmission scheme.

[0127] In some examples, at 635, TRP 205-g may send a second indication to UE 115-f. For example, TRP 205-g may send an indication of the TCI status, QCL type, or both for communication between UE 115-g and TRP 205-g. Alternatively, at 640, TRP 205-h may send a second indication. For example, TRP 205-h may send an indication of the TCI status, QCL type, or both for communication between UE 115-g and TRP 205-h. In some examples, a single TRP 205 may send a second indication including the QCL type for each of the multiple TRPs 205. In some examples, the UE may determine the transmission scheme and / or reference signal configuration based on the first and second indications.

[0128] At 645, TRP 205-g can transmit one or more reference signals according to the determined transmission scheme, reference signal configuration, beam configuration, or any combination thereof. At 650, TRP 205-h can transmit one or more reference signals according to the determined transmission scheme, reference signal configuration, beam configuration, or any combination thereof.

[0129] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 illustrates a device 705 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 705 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communications manager 720. Device 705 may also include one or more processors, memory coupled to the one or more processors, and instructions stored in the memory that can be executed by the one or more processors to enable the one or more processors to perform the reference signal features discussed herein. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0130] Receiver 710 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). Information may be passed to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0131] Transmitter 715 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 705. For example, transmitter 715 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). In some examples, transmitter 715 may be co-located with receiver 710 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0132] The communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the QCL variant for SFN deployment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0133] In some examples, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured to or otherwise support units for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, the processor and memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0134] Alternatively or concurrently, in some examples, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented using code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented using processor-executed code, the functionality of the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, central processing unit (CPU), ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., a unit configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0135] In some examples, the communication manager 720 can be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 710, transmitter 715, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 720 can receive information from the receiver 710, send information to the transmitter 715, or integrate with the receiver 710, transmitter 715, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0136] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 can support wireless communication at the UE. For example, the communication manager 720 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for receiving a first indication regarding a set of multiple beam configurations corresponding to one or more reference signals, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit / receive points. The communication manager 720 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points. The communication manager 720 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for determining, based on the first and second QCL types, whether the set of multiple transmit / receive points is using a pre-compensation scheme. The communication manager 720 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for receiving one or more reference signals from the set of multiple transmit / receive points based on this determination.

[0137] According to the examples described herein, by including or configuring a communication manager 720, device 705 (e.g., a processor that controls or otherwise couples to receiver 710, transmitter 715, communication manager 720, or a combination thereof) can support technologies for QCL variants in SFN deployments. For example, device 705 can support transmission schemes and reference signal configurations corresponding to QCL variants as described herein, which can improve communication efficiency and reliability at device 705, as well as other advantages.

[0138] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 805 may be an example of aspects of device 705 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. Device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0139] Receiver 810 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). Information may be passed to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0140] Transmitter 815 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 805. For example, transmitter 815 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). In some examples, transmitter 815 may be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0141] Device 805 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of QCL variants for SFN deployment as described herein. For example, communication manager 820 may include beam configuration component 825, QCL type component 830, pre-compensation component 835, reference signal component 840, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 820 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 820 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both, or otherwise cooperate with receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 820 may receive information from receiver 810, transmit information to transmitter 815, or integrate with receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0142] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 can support wireless communication at the UE. The beam configuration component 825 can be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit / receive points. The QCL type component 830 can be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points. The pre-compensation component 835 can be configured or otherwise supported for determining, based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the set of multiple transmit / receive points is using a pre-compensation scheme. The reference signal component 840 can be configured or otherwise supported for receiving one or more reference signals from the set of multiple transmit / receive points based on a determination.

[0143] In some cases, the beam configuration component 825, QCL type component 830, pre-compensation component 835, and reference signal component 840 may each be a processor (e.g., a transceiver processor, a radio processor, a transmitter processor, or a receiver processor) or at least a part thereof. The processor may be coupled to memory and execute instructions stored in the memory that enable the processor to perform or facilitate the features of the beam configuration component 825, QCL type component 830, pre-compensation component 835, and reference signal component 840 discussed herein. The transceiver processor may co-locate with and / or communicate with (e.g., instruct its operation) the transceiver of the device. The radio processor may co-locate with and / or communicate with (e.g., instruct its operation) the radio unit of the device (e.g., an NR radio unit, an LTE radio unit, a Wi-Fi radio unit). The transmitter processor may co-locate with and / or communicate with (e.g., instruct its operation) the transmitter of the device. The receiver processor may co-locate with and / or communicate with (e.g., instruct its operation) the receiver of the device.

[0144] Figure 9A block diagram 900 is shown of a communication manager 920 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 920 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 720, communication manager 820, or both as described herein. The communication manager 920 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the QCL variant for SFN deployment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may include a beam configuration component 925, a QCL type component 930, a pre-compensation component 935, a reference signal component 940, a message component 945, an anchor TRP component 950, a delay component 955, a frequency component 960, an RRC component 965, a reference signal mode component 970, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0145] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 can support wireless communication at the UE. The beam configuration component 925 can be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit / receive points. The QCL type component 930 can be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points. The pre-compensation component 935 can be configured or otherwise supported for determining, based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the set of multiple transmit / receive points is using a pre-compensation scheme. The reference signal component 940 can be configured or otherwise supported for receiving one or more reference signals from the set of multiple transmit / receive points based on this determination.

[0146] In some examples, the pre-compensation component 935 can be configured or otherwise supported to determine one or more transmit / receive points in a set of multiple transmit / receive points that are implementing a pre-compensation scheme based on the difference between a first QCL type and a second QCL type.

[0147] In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a first reference signal from a first transmit / receive point and a second reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving downlink messages from a first transmit / receive point and a second transmit / receive point according to a pre-compensation scheme based on the reception of the first and second reference signals.

[0148] In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a first reference signal from a first transmit / receive point and receiving a first reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a second reference signal from either the first transmit / receive point or the second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving downlink messages from the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point according to a pre-compensation scheme based on receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal, or both.

[0149] In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a first reference signal from a first transmit / receive point and a second reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving downlink messages from a first transmit / receive point and a second transmit / receive point according to a pre-compensation scheme based on the reception of the first and second reference signals.

[0150] In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a first reference signal from a first transmit / receive point and a second reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving downlink messages from a first transmit / receive point via a resource set based on the first reference signal. In some examples, the message component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving downlink messages from a second transmit / receive point via a resource set based on the second reference signal.

[0151] In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a third reference signal from a first transmit / receive point and a second transmit / receive point, wherein the received downlink messages are still based on the third reference signal.

[0152] In some examples, the anchor TRP component 950 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for identifying an anchor transmit / receive point from a set of multiple transmit / receive points based on: a first beam configuration in a set of multiple beam configurations, a beam configuration with the lowest index, a third indication of the anchor transmit / receive point included in a configuration of multiple beam configurations, a fourth indication in a Media Access Control (MAC) control element, a fifth indication of parameters for avoiding the use of beam configurations, or any combination thereof.

[0153] In some examples, the delay component 955 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for determining the average delay and delay spread based on whether one or more of a set of multiple transmit and receive points are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and one or more reference signals.

[0154] In some examples, the frequency component 960 can be configured or otherwise supported for determining the Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread based on a reference signal of an anchor transmitter / receiver point, based on whether one or more transmitter / receiver points in a set of multiple transmitter / receiver points are implementing a pre-compensation scheme and one or more reference signals.

[0155] In some examples, to support receiving a first indication, the RRC component 965 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a radio resource control message including a first indication, which includes higher-layer parameters. In some examples, the higher-layer parameters indicate SFN downlink transmissions from a set of transmit / receive points associated with a beam configuration set. In some examples, the higher-layer parameters are configured as part of a PDSCH higher-layer configuration, a PDCCH control resource set configuration, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the higher-layer parameters indicate a transmission scheme associated with a reference signal configuration.

[0156] In some examples, the reference signal mode component 970 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for determining a reference signal mode based on receiving a first indication, wherein the reference signal mode includes a distributed tracking reference signal mode or a partially distributed tracking reference signal mode.

[0157] In some examples, the set of multiple beam configurations includes a set of multiple transmission configuration indicator states.

[0158] In some examples, the reference signal component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for determining one or more QCL parameters based on receiving one or more reference signals. In some examples, the message component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for receiving downlink messages from a first transmit / receive point and a second transmit / receive point using the determined one or more QCL parameters.

[0159] In some cases, the beam configuration component 925, QCL type component 930, pre-compensation component 935, reference signal component 940, message component 945, anchor TRP component 950, delay component 955, frequency component 960, RRC component 965, and reference signal mode component 970 may each be a processor (e.g., a transceiver processor, a radio processor, a transmitter processor, or a receiver processor) or at least a part thereof. The processor may be coupled to a memory and execute instructions stored in the memory that enable the processor to perform or facilitate the features of the beam configuration component 925, QCL type component 930, pre-compensation component 935, reference signal component 940, message component 945, anchor TRP component 950, delay component 955, frequency component 960, RRC component 965, and reference signal mode component 970 discussed herein.

[0160] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a system 1000 including device 1005 supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1005 may be an example of device 705, device 805, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including thereunder. Device 1005 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1005 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1020, an input / output (I / O) controller 1010, a transceiver 1015, an antenna 1025, a memory 1030, a code 1035, and a processor 1040. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045).

[0161] The I / O controller 1010 can manage input and output signals for device 1005. The I / O controller 1010 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1005. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 can utilize, for example... This can be an operating system such as I / O controller 1010 or another known operating system. Alternatively, I / O controller 1010 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 1010 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 1040). In some cases, a user may interact with device 1005 via I / O controller 1010 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1010.

[0162] In some cases, device 1005 may include a single antenna 1025. However, in other cases, device 1005 may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 1015 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1025, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 1015 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1015 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1025. Transceiver 1015, or transceiver 1015 and one or more antennas 1025, may be an example of transmitter 715, transmitter 815, receiver 710, receiver 810, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0163] Memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 1040, cause device 1005 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1035 may not be directly executable by processor 1040, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some additional cases, memory 1030 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0164] Processor 1040 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1040 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1040. Processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1030) to cause device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment). For example, device 1005 or components of device 1005 may include processor 1040 and memory 1030 coupled to processor 1040, processor 1040 and memory 1030 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0165] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 can support wireless communication at the UE. For example, the communication manager 1020 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for receiving a first indication regarding a set of multiple beam configurations corresponding to one or more reference signals, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit / receive points. The communication manager 1020 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points. The communication manager 1020 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for determining, based on the first and second QCL types, whether the set of multiple transmit / receive points is using a pre-compensation scheme. The communication manager 1020 can be configured or otherwise supported to include elements for receiving one or more reference signals from the set of multiple transmit / receive points based on this determination.

[0166] According to the example described herein, by including or configuring the communication manager 1020, the device 1005 can support techniques for transmission schemes and reference signal configurations corresponding to the QCL variants described herein, which can improve communication efficiency and reliability at the device 1005, as well as other advantages.

[0167] In some examples, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with transceiver 1015, one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1020 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1020 may be supported or executed by processor 1040, memory 1030, code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1035 may include instructions executable by processor 1040 to cause device 1005 to perform various aspects of the QCL variant for SFN deployment as described herein, or processor 1040 and memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0168] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1105 may be an example of various aspects of base station 105 as described herein. Device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a transmitter 1115, and a communications manager 1120. Device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0169] Receiver 1110 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). Information may be passed to other components of device 1105. Receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0170] Transmitter 1115 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1105. For example, transmitter 1115 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). In some examples, transmitter 1115 may be co-located with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1115 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0171] The communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the QCL variant for SFN deployment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0172] In some examples, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, configured to or otherwise support units for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, a processor and memory coupled to a processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0173] Alternatively or concurrently, in some examples, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented using code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented using processor-executed code, the functionality of the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., a unit configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0174] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 1120 may receive information from the receiver 1110, send information to the transmitter 1115, or integrate with the receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0175] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at the transmitting and receiving points. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting to a UE a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0176] According to the examples described herein, by including or configuring the communication manager 1120, the device 1105 (e.g., a processor that controls or otherwise couples to the receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, communication manager 1120, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for transmission schemes and reference signal configurations corresponding to the QCL variants described herein, which can improve communication efficiency and reliability, as well as other advantages.

[0177] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1205 may be an example of aspects of device 1105 or base station 105 as described herein. Device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communications manager 1220. Device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0178] Receiver 1210 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). Information may be passed to other components of device 1205. Receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0179] Transmitter 1215 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1205. For example, transmitter 1215 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with QCL variants for SFN deployment). In some examples, transmitter 1215 may be co-located with receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1215 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0180] Device 1205 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of QCL variants for SFN deployment as described herein. For example, communication manager 1220 may include beam configuration module 1225, pre-compensation module 1230, QCL type module 1235, reference signal module 1240, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1220 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 1120 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1220 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both, or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1220 may receive information from receiver 1210, transmit information to transmitter 1215, or be integrated with receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0181] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at the transmitting and receiving points. The beam configuration module 1225 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting to the UE a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The pre-compensation module 1230 may be configured or otherwise supported to determine whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The QCL type module 1235 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The reference signal module 1240 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0182] Figure 13 A block diagram 1300 is shown of a communication manager 1320 supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure. Communication manager 1320 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1120, communication manager 1220, or both as described herein. Communication manager 1320 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of QCL variants for SFN deployment as described herein. For example, communication manager 1320 may include beam configuration module 1325, pre-compensation module 1330, QCL type module 1335, reference signal module 1340, message module 1345, anchor TRP module 1350, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0183] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication at the transmitting and receiving points. The beam configuration module 1325 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting to the UE a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The pre-compensation module 1330 may be configured or otherwise supported to determine whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The QCL type module 1335 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The reference signal module 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0184] In some examples, the pre-compensation module 1330 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for determining the implementation of the pre-compensation scheme, wherein the second indication indicates that the first QCL type is different from the second QCL type based on the different pre-compensation schemes.

[0185] In some examples, the reference signal module 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting a first reference signal from a first transmit / receive point, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message module 1345 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting downlink messages according to a pre-compensation scheme based on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0186] In some examples, the reference signal module 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting a first reference signal. In some examples, the message module 1345 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting downlink messages according to a pre-compensation scheme based on the transmission of the first reference signal.

[0187] In some examples, the reference signal module 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting a first reference signal, which is different from a second reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message module 1345 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting downlink messages according to a pre-compensation scheme based on transmitting the first and second reference signals.

[0188] In some examples, the reference signal module 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting a first reference signal from a first transmit / receive point, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from a second transmit / receive point. In some examples, the message module 1345 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting downlink messages to the UE via a resource set based on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0189] In some examples, the reference signal module 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting a third reference signal to the UE.

[0190] In some examples, to support None, the anchor TRP module 1350 may be configured or otherwise support elements for sending to the UE a third indication of the anchor transmit / receive point included in the configuration of multiple beam configurations, a fourth indication in a Media Access Control (MAC) control element command message, a fifth indication of parameters to avoid using the beam configuration, or any combination thereof.

[0191] Figure 14A schematic diagram of a system 1400 including device 1405 supporting a QCL variant for SFN deployment is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1405 may be an example of device 1105, device 1205, or base station 105 as described herein, or a component including thereunder. Device 1405 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1405 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1420, a network communication manager 1410, a transceiver 1415, an antenna 1425, a memory 1430, a code 1435, a processor 1440, and an inter-station communication manager 1445. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450).

[0192] Network communication manager 1410 can manage communication with core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, network communication manager 1410 can manage the transmission of data communication to client devices (e.g., one or more UEs 115).

[0193] In some cases, device 1405 may include a single antenna 1425. However, in other cases, device 1405 may have more than one antenna 1425, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 1415 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1425, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 1415 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1415 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1425 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1425. Transceiver 1415, or transceiver 1415 and one or more antennas 1425, may be an example of transmitter 1115, transmitter 1215, receiver 1110, receiver 1210, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0194] Memory 1430 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1430 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1435, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 1440, cause device 1405 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1435 may not be directly executable by processor 1440, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some additional cases, memory 1430 may also contain a BIOS, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0195] Processor 1440 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1440 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1440. Processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1430) to cause device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment). For example, device 1405 or components of device 1405 may include processor 1440 and memory 1430 coupled to processor 1440, processor 1440 and memory 1430 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0196] Inter-site communication manager 1445 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1445 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 to implement various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1445 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0197] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1420 can support wireless communication at the transmitting and receiving points. For example, the communication manager 1420 can be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting to a UE a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The communication manager 1420 can be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The communication manager 1420 can be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based on determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmitting and receiving point in the set of multiple transmitting and receiving points. The communication manager 1420 can be configured or otherwise supported to provide a unit for transmitting one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0198] According to the example described herein, by including or configuring the communication manager 1420, the device 1405 can support techniques for transmission schemes and reference signal configurations corresponding to the QCL variants described herein, which can improve communication efficiency and reliability, as well as other advantages.

[0199] In some examples, the communication manager 1420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or in cooperation with transceiver 1415, one or more antennas 1425, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1420 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1420 may be supported or executed by processor 1440, memory 1430, code 1435, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1435 may include instructions executable by processor 1440 to cause device 1405 to perform various aspects of the QCL variant for SFN deployment as described herein, or processor 1440 and memory 1430 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0200] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating method 1500 for supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be performed by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 10The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE to perform the described function. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0201] At 1505, the method may include: receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit and receive points. The operation of 1505 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be determined by reference to... Figure 9 The described beam configuration component 925 is used to perform this.

[0202] At 1510, the method may include: receiving a second indication for a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type based on receiving a first indication, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point in a set of plurality of transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point in the set of plurality of transmit / receive points. Operation 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1510 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The QCL type component 930 is described for execution.

[0203] At 1515, the method may include: determining whether a set of multiple transmit and receive points is using a pre-compensation scheme based on a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type. The operation at 1515 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1515 may be derived from references... Figure 9 The pre-compensation component 935 is described and executed.

[0204] At 1520, the method may include: receiving one or more reference signals from a set of multiple transmitting and receiving points based on determination. The operation at 1520 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be determined by references... Figure 9 The reference signal component 940 described is used for execution.

[0205] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating method 1600 for supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE to perform the described function. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0206] At 1605, the method may include: receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit and receive points. The operation of 1605 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be determined by reference to... Figure 9 The described beam configuration component 925 is used to perform this.

[0207] At 1610, the method may include: receiving a second indication for a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type based on receiving a first indication, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point in a set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point in the set of multiple transmit / receive points. Operation 1610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1610 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The QCL type component 930 is described for execution.

[0208] At 1615, the method may include: determining whether a set of multiple transmit and receive points is using a pre-compensation scheme based on a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type. The operation at 1615 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1615 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 9 The pre-compensation component 935 is described and executed.

[0209] At 1620, the method may include: determining that one or more transmit / receive points in a set of multiple transmit / receive points are implementing a pre-compensation scheme based on the difference between a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type. The operation of 1620 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1620 may be derived from references... Figure 9 The pre-compensation component 935 is described and executed.

[0210] At 1625, the method may include: receiving one or more reference signals from a set of multiple transmitting and receiving points based on determination. The operation of 1625 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1625 may be determined by reference... Figure 9 The reference signal component 940 described is used for execution.

[0211] Figure 17A flowchart illustrating method 1700 for supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 6 The base station 105 described in sections 11 to 14 is used to perform this function. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0212] At 1705, the method may include: sending a first indication to the UE regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit and receive points. The operation of 1705 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be determined by reference to... Figure 13 The described beam configuration module 1325 is used to perform this.

[0213] At 1710, the method may include: determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using a set of multiple transmit and receive points. The operation at 1710 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1710 may be derived from references... Figure 13 The pre-compensation module 1330 described is used for execution.

[0214] At 1715, the method may include: based on determining whether a pre-compensation scheme should be used to transmit a second indication of a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration of a first transmit / receive point in a set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration of a second transmit / receive point in a set of multiple transmit / receive points. The operation of 1715 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be derived from references... Figure 13 The QCL type module 1335 described is used for execution.

[0215] At 1720, the method may include: transmitting one or more reference signals according to a first quasi-co-address type and a second quasi-co-address type. The operation of 1720 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1720 may be determined by references as... Figure 13 The reference signal module 1340 described is used for execution.

[0216] Figure 18A flowchart illustrating method 1800 for supporting QCL variants for SFN deployment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1800 can be implemented by a base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1800 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 6 The base station 105 described in sections 11 to 14 is used to perform this function. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0217] At 1805, the method may include: sending a first indication to the UE regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a set of multiple beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a set of multiple transmit and receive points. The operation at 1805 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1805 may be determined by reference to... Figure 13 The described beam configuration module 1325 is used to perform this.

[0218] At 1810, the method may include: determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using a set of multiple transmit and receive points. The operation at 1810 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1810 may be derived from references... Figure 13 The pre-compensation module 1330 described is used for execution.

[0219] At 1815, the method may include: determining an implementation pre-compensation scheme, wherein a second indication indicates that the first quasi-co-location type differs from the second quasi-co-location type based on the different pre-compensation schemes. The operation at 1815 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1815 may be determined by reference to... Figure 13 The pre-compensation module 1330 described is used for execution.

[0220] At 1820, the method may include: based on determining whether a pre-compensation scheme should be used to transmit a second indication of a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration of a first transmit / receive point in a set of multiple transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration of a second transmit / receive point in a set of multiple transmit / receive points. The operation at 1820 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1820 may be derived from references... Figure 13 The QCL type module 1335 described is used for execution.

[0221] At 1825, the method may include: transmitting one or more reference signals according to a first quasi-co-address type and a second quasi-co-address type. The operation of 1825 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1825 may be determined by references as... Figure 13 The reference signal module 1340 described is used for execution.

[0222] The following provides a summary of various aspects of this disclosure:

[0223] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving a first indication regarding one or more reference signals corresponding to a plurality of beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a plurality of TRPs; receiving a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type at least in part based on receiving the first indication, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP of the plurality of TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP of the plurality of TRPs; determining, at least in part based on the first QCL type and the second QCL type, whether the plurality of TRPs are using a pre-compensation scheme; and receiving the one or more reference signals from the plurality of TRPs at least in part based on the determination.

[0224] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1 further includes: determining, at least in part, that one or more of the plurality of TRPs are implementing the pre-compensation scheme based on the fact that the first QCL type is different from the second QCL type.

[0225] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein the first QCL type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second QCL type corresponds to the average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread, the method further comprising: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving a second reference signal from the second TRP; and receiving downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP according to the pre-compensation scheme based at least in part on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0226] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 3, wherein the first QCL type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second QCL type corresponds to Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread, the method further comprising: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving the first reference signal from the second TRP; receiving a second reference signal from the first TRP or the second TRP; and receiving downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP according to the pre-compensation scheme based at least in part on receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal, or both.

[0227] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 4, wherein the first QCL type corresponds to delay spread, and the second QCL type corresponds to average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread, the method further comprising: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving a second reference signal from the second TRP; and receiving downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP according to the pre-compensation scheme based at least in part on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0228] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the first QCL type is the same QCL type as the second QCL type, the method further comprising: receiving a first reference signal from the first TRP and receiving a second reference signal from the second TRP; receiving downlink messages from the first TRP via a resource set based at least in part on the first reference signal; and receiving the downlink messages from the second TRP via the resource set based at least in part on the second reference signal.

[0229] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6 further includes: receiving a third reference signal from the first TRP and the second TRP, wherein the received downlink message is at least partially based on the third reference signal.

[0230] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7 further includes: identifying the anchor TRP from the plurality of TRPs based at least in part on: the first beam configuration of the plurality of beam configurations, the beam configuration with the lowest index, a third indication of the anchor TRP included in the configuration of the plurality of beam configurations, a fourth indication in the MAC control element, a fifth indication of parameters for avoiding the use of the beam configuration, or any combination thereof.

[0231] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8 further includes: determining the average delay and delay spread based at least in part on determining whether one or more of the plurality of TRPs are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and the one or more reference signals.

[0232] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9 further comprises: determining the Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread based at least in part on determining whether one or more of the plurality of TRPs are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and the one or more reference signals, according to a reference signal of the anchor TRP.

[0233] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein receiving the first indication comprises: receiving an RRC message including the first indication, the first indication including higher-level parameters.

[0234] Aspect 12: The method according to aspect 11, wherein the higher-layer parameters indicate single-frequency network downlink transmissions from the plurality of TRPs associated with the plurality of beam configurations.

[0235] Aspect 13: The method according to aspect 12, wherein the higher-layer parameters are configured as a physical downlink shared channel higher-layer configuration, a physical downlink control channel control resource set configuration, or a combination thereof.

[0236] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 13, wherein the higher-layer parameter indicates a transmission scheme associated with the reference signal configuration.

[0237] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 14 further includes: determining a reference signal mode based at least in part on receiving the first instruction, wherein the reference signal mode includes a distributed tracking reference signal mode or a partially distributed tracking reference signal mode.

[0238] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, wherein the plurality of beam configurations includes a plurality of TCI states.

[0239] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 16 further includes: determining one or more QCL parameters based at least in part on receiving the one or more reference signals; and using the determined one or more QCL parameters to receive downlink messages from the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0240] Aspect 18: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: sending to a UE a first indication that one or more reference signals correspond to a plurality of beam configurations, the UE being configured to communicate with a plurality of TRPs; determining whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the plurality of TRPs; sending a second indication of a first QCL type and a second QCL type based at least in part on determining whether to use the pre-compensation scheme, the first QCL type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first TRP of the plurality of TRPs, and the second QCL type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second TRP of the plurality of TRPs; and sending the one or more reference signals according to the first QCL type and the second QCL type.

[0241] Aspect 19: The method according to aspect 18 further includes: determining the implementation of the pre-compensation scheme, wherein the second indication indicates that the first QCL type is different from the second QCL type, at least in part based on the difference in the pre-compensation scheme.

[0242] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 19, wherein the first QCL type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second QCL type corresponds to the average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread, the method further comprising: transmitting a first reference signal from the first TRP, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second TRP; and transmitting downlink messages according to the pre-compensation scheme based at least in part on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0243] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 20, wherein the first QCL type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second QCL type corresponds to Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread, the method further comprising: transmitting a first reference signal; and transmitting downlink messages according to the pre-compensation scheme based at least in part on transmitting the first reference signal.

[0244] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 21, wherein the first QCL type corresponds to delay spread, and the second QCL type corresponds to average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread, the method further comprising: transmitting a first reference signal, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second TRP; and transmitting downlink messages according to the pre-compensation scheme based at least in part on transmitting the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0245] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 18, wherein the first QCL type is the same QCL type as the second QCL type, the method further comprising: sending a first reference signal from the first TRP, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second TRP; and sending downlink messages to the UE via a resource set based at least in part on sending the first reference signal.

[0246] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of Aspects 18 to 23, wherein the TRP includes an anchor TRP, the method further comprising: sending to the UE a third indication of the anchor TRP included in the configuration of the plurality of beam configurations, a fourth indication in a Media Access Control (MAC) control element command message, a fifth indication of parameters for avoiding the use of beam configurations, or any combination thereof.

[0247] Aspect 25: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0248] Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0249] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0250] Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 18 to 24.

[0251] Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 18 to 24.

[0252] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 18 to 24.

[0253] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0254] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used extensively in the description, the techniques described herein apply beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0255] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0256] The various illustrative blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0257] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted through a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0258] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, with communication media encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired units of program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, wherein disks typically copy data magnetically, while optical discs use lasers to copy data optically. The combinations described above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0259] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items ending with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0260] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by a dash and a second reference numeral following the reference numeral, used to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, without regard to the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0261] This document describes exemplary configurations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be implemented without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0262] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: The UE is configured to communicate with multiple transmit and receive points. It receives a first indication via radio resource control messages, including a parameter indicating a transmission scheme associated with a reference signal configuration for one or more reference signals corresponding to multiple beam configurations. The second indication for a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type is received at least in part based on receiving the first indication via the radio resource control message, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points; and Whether the plurality of transmit and receive points are using a pre-compensation scheme is determined at least in part based on the first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type; as well as The one or more reference signals are received from the plurality of transmitting and receiving points based at least in part on the determination.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The pre-compensation scheme is determined, at least in part, based on the fact that the first quasi-co-location type is different from the second quasi-co-location type.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The first quasi-co-location type corresponds to the average delay and delay spread, and the second quasi-co-location type corresponds to the average delay, the delay spread, the Doppler frequency shift, and the Doppler spread. The method further includes: Receive a first reference signal from the first transmitting and receiving point and receive a second reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; and Downlink messages are received from the first and second transmitting and receiving points according to the pre-compensation scheme, at least in part, based on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The first quasi-co-location type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second quasi-co-location type corresponds to Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread. The method further includes: Receive the first reference signal from the first transmitting and receiving point and receive the first reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; Receive a second reference signal from the first transmitting / receiving point or the second transmitting / receiving point; and Downlink messages are received from the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point according to the pre-compensation scheme, based at least in part on receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal, or both.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The first quasi-co-location type corresponds to delay spread, and the second quasi-co-location type corresponds to average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread. The method further includes: Receive a first reference signal from the first transmitting and receiving point and receive a second reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; and Downlink messages are received from the first and second transmitting and receiving points according to the pre-compensation scheme, at least in part, based on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first quasi-co-address type is the same as the second quasi-co-address type, and the method further includes: Receive a first reference signal from the first transmitting and receiving point and receive a second reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; Receive downlink messages from the first transmitting and receiving point via a resource set, at least in part based on the first reference signal; and The downlink message is received from the second sender / receiver point via the resource set, at least in part based on the second reference signal.

7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising: The third reference signal is received from the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point, and the received downlink messages are still at least partially based on the third reference signal.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Anchor transmit / receive points are identified from the plurality of transmit / receive points based at least in part on the following: the first beam configuration of the plurality of beam configurations, the beam configuration with the lowest index, a third indication of the anchor transmit / receive point included in the configuration of the plurality of beam configurations, a fourth indication in the media access control (MAC) control element, a fifth indication of parameters to avoid using the beam configuration, or any combination thereof.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The average delay and delay spread are determined at least in part based on whether one or more of the plurality of transmit / receive points are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and the one or more reference signals.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread are determined based, at least in part, on the reference signal of the anchor transmitter-receiver point, based on whether one or more of the plurality of transmitter-receiver points are implementing the pre-compensation scheme and the one or more reference signals.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The parameters indicate single-frequency network downlink transmissions from the plurality of transmit / receive points associated with the plurality of beam configurations.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The parameters are configured as a physical downlink shared channel configuration, a physical downlink control channel control resource set configuration, or a combination thereof.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The reference signal mode is determined at least in part based on receiving the first indication, wherein the reference signal mode includes a distributed tracking reference signal mode or a partially distributed tracking reference signal mode.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The multiple beam configurations include multiple transmission configuration indicator states.

15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: One or more quasi-co-address parameters are determined at least in part based on receiving the one or more reference signals; as well as Use one or more determined quasi-co-location parameters to receive downlink messages from the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point.

16. A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: A first indication including a parameter is sent to a user equipment (UE) via a radio resource control message. The parameter indicates a transmission scheme associated with a reference signal configuration for one or more reference signals corresponding to multiple beam configurations. The UE is configured to communicate with multiple transmit and receive points. Determine whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the multiple transmit / receive points; At least in part, it is based on determining whether to use the pre-compensation scheme to send a second indication of a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points; as well as The one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: The implementation of the pre-compensation scheme is determined, wherein the second indication indicates, at least in part, that the first quasi-co-location type is different from the second quasi-co-location type based on the difference in the pre-compensation scheme.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The first quasi-co-location type corresponds to the average delay and delay spread, and the second quasi-co-location type corresponds to the average delay, the delay spread, the Doppler frequency shift, and the Doppler spread. The method further includes: A first reference signal is transmitted from the first transmitting and receiving point, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; and The downlink message is sent according to the pre-compensation scheme, at least in part, based on the transmission of the first reference signal.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein, The first quasi-co-location type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second quasi-co-location type corresponds to Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread. The method further includes: Send the first reference signal; and The downlink message is sent according to the pre-compensation scheme, at least in part, based on the transmission of the first reference signal.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein, The first quasi-co-location type corresponds to delay spread, and the second quasi-co-location type corresponds to average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread. The method further includes: Transmit a first reference signal, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second transmit / receive point; and Downlink messages are sent according to the pre-compensation scheme, at least in part, based on the transmission of the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

21. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The first quasi-co-address type is the same as the second quasi-co-address type, and the method further includes: A first reference signal is transmitted from the first transmitting and receiving point, the first reference signal being different from a second reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; The downlink message is sent to the UE via a resource set, at least in part based on sending the first reference signal.

22. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The transmitting and receiving point includes an anchor transmitting and receiving point, and the method further includes: Send to the UE a third indication to the anchor transmit / receive point included in the configuration of the plurality of beam configurations, a fourth indication in the Media Access Control (MAC) control element command message, a fifth indication to avoid using parameters of the beam configuration, or any combination thereof.

23. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor, cause the device to perform the following operations: The UE is configured to communicate with multiple transmit and receive points. It receives a first indication via radio resource control messages, including a parameter indicating a transmission scheme associated with a reference signal configuration for one or more reference signals corresponding to multiple beam configurations. The second indication for a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type is received at least in part based on receiving the first indication via the radio resource control message, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points; and Whether the plurality of transmit and receive points are using a pre-compensation scheme is determined at least in part based on the first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type; as well as The one or more reference signals are received from the plurality of transmitting and receiving points based at least in part on the determination.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The pre-compensation scheme is determined, at least in part, based on the fact that the first quasi-co-location type is different from the second quasi-co-location type.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, The first quasi-co-address type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second quasi-co-address type corresponds to the average delay, the delay spread, Doppler frequency shift, and Doppler spread, wherein the instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive a first reference signal from the first transmitting and receiving point and receive a second reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; and Downlink messages are received from the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point according to the pre-compensation scheme, based at least in part on receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, The first quasi-co-address type corresponds to average delay and delay spread, and the second quasi-co-address type corresponds to Doppler frequency shift and Doppler spread, wherein the instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive the first reference signal from the first transmitting and receiving point and receive the first reference signal from the second transmitting and receiving point; Receive a second reference signal from the first transmitting / receiving point or the second transmitting / receiving point; and Downlink messages are received from the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point according to the pre-compensation scheme, based at least in part on receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal, or both.

27. An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor, cause the device to perform the following operations: A first indication including a parameter is sent to a user equipment (UE) via a radio resource control message. The parameter indicates a transmission scheme associated with a reference signal configuration for one or more reference signals corresponding to multiple beam configurations. The UE is configured to communicate with multiple transmit and receive points. Determine whether to use a pre-compensation scheme to communicate with the UE using the multiple transmit / receive points; At least in part, it is based on determining whether to use the pre-compensation scheme to send a second indication of a first quasi-co-location type and a second quasi-co-location type, the first quasi-co-location type being associated with a first beam configuration corresponding to a first transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points, and the second quasi-co-location type being associated with a second beam configuration corresponding to a second transmit / receive point among the plurality of transmit / receive points; as well as The one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type.

28. The apparatus according to claim 27, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The implementation of the pre-compensation scheme is determined, wherein the second indication indicates, at least in part, that the first quasi-co-location type is different from the second quasi-co-location type based on the difference in the pre-compensation scheme.

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