A sludge monitoring device and method for assisting in the regulation of a sewage treatment system

Abstract

The application discloses a sludge monitoring device and method for assisting in regulating a sewage treatment system, comprising a plurality of monitoring box bodies arranged side by side, each monitoring box body being provided with a screen with different aperture respectively, the screen being used for intercepting filamentous bacteria and screening activated sludge particles in different particle size ranges; a pH sensor and a sludge concentration monitoring sensor are arranged in the box body below the screen of the monitoring box body, the pH sensor being used for measuring the change of the pH value of the sludge concentration below the screen; a stirring device for uniformly mixing the sludge and water below the screen is arranged at the bottom of the monitoring box body; the device further comprises a dosing tank, the dosing tank adding a medicament containing ammonia nitrogen into the box body below the screen of each monitoring box body through a dosing pipe; and a sludge and water mixture is added into the box body above the screen of each monitoring box body through a liquid adding pipeline. According to the application, the abnormal swelling condition and the particle size distribution characteristics of the sludge can be understood in time through the screening of the screen, and the sludge is classified in a screening mode, so that the pollutant removal efficiency of the sludge with different particle sizes is understood, and then the particle size of the sludge where the main nitrifying bacteria are located is determined, which is beneficial to more targeted regulation of the sewage treatment system, and efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system, and also to a sludge monitoring method using the aforementioned sludge monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] The activated sludge process is one of the most widely used wastewater treatment technologies. However, in actual engineering projects, the performance of activated sludge is affected by water quality and environmental conditions, resulting in changes (such as expansion or foaming). These changes have a significant impact on wastewater treatment efficiency. Therefore, real-time acquisition of various sludge performance information allows for a better understanding of the actual operation of the process system. In recent years, with the development of automation and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, intelligent control has been increasingly applied in wastewater treatment systems, further increasing the demand for real-time sludge performance monitoring systems.

[0003] Existing sludge monitoring methods include: Chinese Patent CN114414443A, which discloses a sludge settling performance monitoring device that achieves sludge settling in a settling tube and records the sludge settling through a combination of lighting and camera devices; Chinese Patent CN116087021A, which discloses a real-time monitoring method for the solids content of sludge in a sedimentation tank, which samples sludge and wastewater from multiple locations within the main body of the sedimentation tank and analyzes the samples using a solids content analyzer to obtain the real-time solids content of the sludge in the sedimentation tank; and Chinese Patent CN107664617A, which discloses a sludge concentration monitoring device that uses a photoelectric sludge concentration meter to monitor the sludge concentration in the water and transmits data to management personnel when abnormalities occur.

[0004] Most existing automated monitoring and analysis methods for activated sludge perform overall analysis of the sludge, focusing primarily on sludge concentration and settling performance, with overly simplistic monitoring indicators. Meanwhile, most monitoring methods based on activated sludge degradation performance heavily rely on manual labor, have low automation levels, and are complex to identify sludge bulking issues, thus failing to provide real-time monitoring data feedback. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the Invention: The present invention aims to provide a sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of wastewater treatment systems. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a sludge monitoring method for the aforementioned sludge monitoring device. This method can promptly understand the abnormal expansion and particle size distribution characteristics of sludge through sieving. At the same time, the sludge is classified by screening to understand the pollutant removal efficiency of sludge of different particle sizes, thereby determining the particle size of the sludge where the main nitrifying bacteria are located. This facilitates more targeted regulation of the wastewater treatment system and achieves efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen.

[0006] Technical Solution: The sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system, as described in this invention, includes multiple monitoring chambers arranged in parallel. Each monitoring chamber is equipped with a screen of different aperture size, which is used to trap filamentous bacteria and screen activated sludge particles of different particle sizes. A pH sensor and a sludge concentration monitoring sensor are installed in the chamber below the screen. The pH sensor is used to measure changes in the pH value of the sludge concentration under the screen. A stirring device for mixing the sludge under the screen is provided at the bottom of the monitoring chamber. It also includes a dosing tank, which adds nitrogen source reagents to the chamber below the screen of each monitoring chamber through a dosing pipe. The sludge-water mixture is added to the chamber above the screen of each monitoring chamber through a liquid addition pipe.

[0007] Along the direction of mud and water flow, the mesh size of the screens in each monitoring box increases sequentially from 150 to 300 mesh.

[0008] Each monitoring box is equipped with a sludge discharge pipe, and the sludge discharge pipe is equipped with a sludge discharge valve.

[0009] The system includes a sludge pump connected to both the sludge inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe. The sludge pump can be switched to the sludge inlet pipe to feed sludge into the monitoring chamber, or to the water inlet pipe to flush the entire pipeline and screen. The dosing tank is used to add ammonium chloride into the monitoring chamber. The screen is made of steel wire with a mesh size of 150–300.

[0010] It also includes a PLC control box; the dosing pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve; the sludge discharge valve, solenoid valve, sludge pump, pH sensor and sludge concentration monitoring sensor are all connected to the PLC control box.

[0011] The sludge monitoring method of the above-mentioned sludge monitoring device includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) The mud pump pumps mud-water mixture from the sewage treatment unit and adds sludge to the sieve position of 3 to 5 monitoring boxes through the liquid addition pipeline. 0.5 to 1L of mud-water mixture is pumped into each monitoring box and passed through the screen set in the monitoring box. After staying for 5 to 10 minutes, the sludge concentration in the mud-water mixture under the sieve of the monitoring box is measured by the sludge concentration monitoring sensor.

[0013] (2) After the sludge passes through the screen of the first monitoring box, the concentration of sludge sieved through the 150-mesh screen is compared with the original sludge concentration, and the retention rate is calculated. If the retention rate is greater than or equal to 20%, it is considered that the sludge has abnormally expanded; if the retention rate is less than 20%, it is considered that the sludge has not abnormally expanded.

[0014] The filamentous bacteria that may be generated due to sludge bulking in the wastewater treatment system are intercepted by a screen. The interception rate is calculated by comparing the sludge concentration that passes through a 150-mesh screen with the original sludge concentration, thereby judging the sludge bulking situation. If no sludge bulking occurs, the activated sludge of different particle size ranges is separated by the screen, and the nitrification activity of the activated sludge in different particle size ranges is reflected by pH value and sludge concentration.

[0015] (3) If the sludge does not expand abnormally, open the solenoid valve and add ammonium chloride to the monitoring box under the screen. Mix the ammonium chloride with the sludge water using the stirring device. The pH sensor measures the pH value of the mixed sludge water under the screen after mixing. Calculate the activated sludge nitrification reaction rate per unit sludge concentration under different particle size ranges in the device by using the pH value change data within 5 to 10 minutes after adding ammonium chloride (ammonium chloride dosage is 0.2 to 1 g). This will give the activity of the nitrifying bacteria.

[0016] In step (2), the retention rate is calculated according to the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, MLSS0 and MLSS1 are the original sludge concentration and the sludge concentration under a 150-mesh sieve, respectively, in mg / L; η is the retention rate.

[0019] In step (3), H + The rate of concentration change and the nitrification reaction rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration are calculated according to formulas (1) and (2):

[0020]

[0021] In equation (1), t0 and t1 are the monitoring start time and monitoring end time, respectively, in minutes.

[0022] pH0 and pH1 are the pH meter readings at the start time t0 and the end time t1 of the monitoring.

[0023] For H + Concentration change rate, in units of mmol / L·d;

[0024]

[0025] In formula (2), MLSS is the sludge concentration under each screen, in mg / L;

[0026] Vnitrification is the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration, expressed in mmol / kg·d.

[0027] When the mud pump is running at the water setting, it connects to the inlet pipe, inputs water into the liquid filling pipe, and then into the monitoring box and the sieve box to flush the liquid filling pipe and the screen. After flushing for 1 to 2 minutes, all the mud-water mixture reaches the under-screen position of the monitoring box and waits to be discharged. Then, the mud discharge valve is opened to discharge the mud-water mixture from the box.

[0028] This invention delivers activated sludge to its sludge monitoring device, which then determines sludge expansion and sieves the sludge based on particle size. Comparative monitoring is performed on activated sludge from different particle size ranges. Simultaneously, by adding ammonium chloride, a pH sensor, and a sludge concentration monitoring sensor, the device can monitor the activated sludge concentration within different particle size ranges, as well as the pH change per unit sludge concentration under conditions where a fixed amount of ammonium chloride is used as the nitrogen source. The nitrification rate per unit sludge concentration is then calculated, thus reflecting the nitrification performance of activated sludge from different particle size ranges within the system.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The activated sludge monitoring device of the present invention can monitor the biological activity of activated sludge with different particle size distributions in the sewage biological treatment unit in real time. That is, the present invention can timely understand the abnormal expansion and particle size distribution characteristics of sludge through sieving, and classify sludge by screening, thereby understanding the pollutant removal efficiency of sludge with different particle sizes, and thus determining the particle size of the sludge where the main nitrifying bacteria are located. This is conducive to more targeted regulation of the sewage treatment system and achieving efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge monitoring device.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the monitoring enclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 The sludge concentration of the sludge water passing through each of the four monitoring boxes in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 4 The nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 5 Example 2: The concentration of sludge and sludge under each screen in the four monitoring boxes;

[0035] Figure 6 The nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0036] like Figures 1-2As shown, the sludge monitoring device of the present invention, used to assist in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system, includes multiple monitoring boxes 10 arranged in parallel. Each monitoring box 10 is equipped with a screen 11 of different aperture size. The screen 11 is used to trap filamentous bacteria and screen activated sludge particles of different particle sizes. Below the screen 11, each monitoring box 10 is equipped with a pH sensor 12 and a sludge concentration monitoring sensor 13. The pH sensor 12 is used to measure changes in the pH value of the sludge concentration under the screen. The bottom of the monitoring box 10 is equipped with a device for mixing the sludge under the screen with water. The device includes a uniform stirring device 14; the sludge monitoring device of the present invention also includes a dosing tank 40, which adds nitrogen source agent to the box below the screen 11 of each monitoring box 10 through a dosing pipe; the sludge-water mixture is added to the box above the screen 11 of each monitoring box 10 through a liquid adding pipe 33; wherein, along the direction of sludge-water flow, when there are four monitoring boxes 10, the mesh number of the screen 11 in each monitoring box 10 increases sequentially from 150 to 300 mesh, namely 150 mesh, 200 mesh, 250 mesh, and 300 mesh.

[0037] Each monitoring chamber 10 is equipped with a sludge discharge pipe, and a sludge discharge valve 22 is installed on the sludge discharge pipe. A sludge pump 30 is installed on the liquid addition pipe 33, which is connected to both the sludge inlet pipe 31 and the water inlet pipe 32. The sludge pump 30 can be switched to the sludge inlet pipe 31 to input sludge into the monitoring chamber 10, and can also be switched to the water inlet pipe 32 to flush the entire pipeline and screen. The dosing tank 40 is used to add ammonium chloride into the monitoring chamber 10. The screen 11 is made of steel wire.

[0038] The sludge monitoring device of the present invention also includes a PLC control box 20; a solenoid valve 21 is provided on the dosing pipe; the sludge discharge valve 22, the solenoid valve 21, the sludge pump 30, the pH sensor 12 and the sludge concentration monitoring sensor 13 are all connected to the PLC control box 20.

[0039] The sludge monitoring method of the above-mentioned sludge monitoring device is as follows: Solenoid valve I controls the sludge pump 30 to switch to the sludge inlet pipe 31, and takes 0.5-1L of activated sludge from the sewage treatment system and inputs it into the sieve position of the monitoring box 10. According to the sludge particle size range of the sieve 11 (150 mesh) in the first monitoring box 10, after sieving and staying for 5-10 minutes, the sludge under the sieve is mixed evenly by the stirring device at the bottom of the box. By comparing the original sludge concentration with the sludge concentration under the 150 mesh sieve, the retention rate is calculated. If the retention rate is greater than or equal to 20%, it is reported that there is an abnormal expansion of the activated sludge in the sewage treatment system. If the retention rate is less than 20%, the next part of the monitoring is carried out. Through this operation, the occurrence of sludge expansion can be predicted in advance based on whether there is an abnormal sudden decrease in the concentration of sludge under the sieve.

[0040] Under the premise that no sludge bulking occurs, 0.2-1g of ammonium chloride is added to the sludge-water mixture under the screen of the monitoring tank 10 via the solenoid valve 21. The stirring device at the bottom of the monitoring tank 10 mixes the sludge-water mixture and ammonium chloride evenly. During the stirring process, on the one hand, the sludge concentration under each screen is measured by the sludge concentration monitoring sensor 13, i.e., the sludge concentration is recorded according to the particle size distribution; on the other hand, the pH value change of the sludge-water mixture within 5-10 minutes after the addition of ammonium chloride is measured by the pH sensor 12, and the pH value under each screen is calculated. + The concentration change rate is used to obtain the activated sludge nitrification reaction rate per unit sludge concentration within each particle size range.

[0041] The retention rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula, MLSS0 and MLSS1 are the original sludge concentration and the sludge concentration under a 150-mesh sieve, respectively, in mg / L; η is the retention rate.

[0044] Among them, H + The rate of concentration change and the nitrification reaction rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration are calculated according to formulas (1) and (2):

[0045]

[0046] In equation (1), t0 and t1 are the monitoring start time and monitoring end time, respectively, in minutes.

[0047] pH0 and pH1 are the pH meter readings at the start time t0 and the end time t1 of the monitoring.

[0048] For H + Concentration change rate, in units of mmol / L·d;

[0049]

[0050] In formula (2), MLSS is the sludge concentration under each screen, in mg / L;

[0051] Vnitrification is the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration, expressed in mmol / kg·d.

[0052] When the mud pump is running at the water level, it connects to the inlet pipe 32, inputs water into the liquid addition pipe 33, and then into the upper chamber of the monitoring box 10 to flush the liquid addition pipe 33 and the screen 11. After flushing for 1 to 2 minutes, all the mud-water mixture reaches the lower position of the monitoring box 10 and waits to be discharged. Then, the mud discharge valve 22 is opened to discharge the mud-water mixture from the box.

[0053] The sludge selected in this embodiment of the invention is aerobic activated sludge from the aeration tank of an industrial wastewater treatment plant, with an activated sludge concentration of 2000–40000 mg / L.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The sludge concentration in the aeration tank of an industrial wastewater treatment plant is 3420 mg / L. Each monitoring box 10 is 100 mm long, 100 mm wide, and 150 mm high, with a volume of 1.5 L. The screens 11 in the four monitoring boxes 10 are all woven from steel wire, with mesh sizes of 150, 200, 250, and 300 mesh respectively. Solenoid valve I controls the sludge pump 30 to switch to the sludge inlet pipe 31, taking 1 L of sludge and inputting it into the sieve position of the monitoring box 10. After 10 minutes of sieving, the stirring device 14 at the bottom of the monitoring box 10 mixes the sludge under the sieve. By comparing the original sludge concentration with the sludge concentration under the 150-mesh sieve, where the original sludge concentration is 3420 mg / L and the sludge concentration under the 150-mesh sieve is 2940 mg / L, the retention rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] The calculated retention rate was 14.04%, which is less than 20%, meaning that sludge bulking did not occur, and further monitoring can proceed.

[0058] Solenoid valve 21 controls the dosing tank 40 to add 0.2g of ammonium chloride to the under-screen positions of the four monitoring boxes 10. The mud and water are mixed with the ammonium chloride by the stirring device 14 at the bottom of the monitoring box 10. The sludge concentration under each screen is measured by the sludge concentration monitoring sensor and the pH change of the mud and water within 5 minutes after the addition of ammonium chloride is measured by the pH sensor. The sludge concentration of the original sludge is 3420mg / L, the sludge concentration under the 150 mesh screen is 2940mg / L, the sludge concentration under the 200 mesh screen is 1360mg / L, the sludge concentration under the 250 mesh screen is 360mg / L, and the sludge concentration under the 300 mesh screen is 210mg / L.

[0059] H is calculated according to the following formulas (1) and (2). + The rate of concentration change is related to the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] It can be calculated that within 5 minutes after adding 0.2g of ammonium chloride and stirring, the amount of mud and water passing through each sieve (H) will be... + The rate of concentration change and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration, where the H+ of the original sludge... + The concentration change rate was 0.00133 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.194 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 150-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.00105 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.178 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 200-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.00053 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.195 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 250-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.00029 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.404 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 300-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.00024 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification reaction rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.580 mmol / kg·d.

[0063] After the monitoring is completed, the mud pump 30 is switched to the inlet pipe 32 through the solenoid valve I, and high-pressure water flow is input from outside the system to flush the pipe and the sludge trapped on the screen 11. After flushing for 1 minute, all the mud-water mixture finally reaches the position below the screen of the monitoring box 10. The sludge discharge valve 22 is opened to discharge the mud-water mixture in the box from the system.

[0064] The activated sludge nitrification reaction rate per unit sludge concentration in Example 1 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration is highest under a 300-mesh sieve, and lowest under a 200-mesh sieve. The aeration tank of this wastewater treatment plant should increase the proportion of sludge passing through sieves of 300 mesh or higher to improve its ammonia nitrogen removal capacity.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The sludge concentration in the aeration tank of an industrial wastewater treatment plant is 2790 mg / L. Each monitoring box 10 is 100 mm long, 100 mm wide, and 200 mm high, with a volume of 2 L. The screens 11 in the four monitoring boxes 10 are all woven from steel wire, with mesh sizes of 150, 200, 250, and 300 mesh respectively. Solenoid valve I controls the sludge pump 30 to switch to the sludge inlet pipe 31, taking 1 L of sludge and inputting it into the sieve position of the monitoring box 10. After 10 minutes of sieving, the stirring device 14 at the bottom of the monitoring box 10 mixes the sludge under the screen. By comparing the original sludge concentration with the sludge concentration under the 150-mesh screen, where the original sludge concentration is 2790 mg / L and the sludge concentration under the 150-mesh screen is 2480 mg / L, the retention rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] The calculated retention rate was 11.11%, which is less than 20%, meaning that sludge bulking did not occur, and further monitoring can proceed.

[0069] Solenoid valve 21 controls the dosing tank 40 to add 0.5g of ammonium chloride to the under-sieve position of monitoring tank 10. The mud and water and ammonium chloride are mixed by the stirring device 14 at the bottom of the monitoring tank 10. The sludge concentration under each sieve is measured by the sludge concentration monitoring sensor and the pH change of the mud and water within 5 minutes after the addition of ammonium chloride is measured by the pH sensor. The sludge concentration of the original sludge is 2790mg / L, the sludge concentration under the 150 mesh sieve is 2480mg / L, the sludge concentration under the 200 mesh sieve is 1420mg / L, the sludge concentration under the 250 mesh sieve is 610mg / L, and the sludge concentration under the 300 mesh sieve is 290mg / L.

[0070] H is calculated according to the following formulas (1) and (2). + The rate of concentration change is related to the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration:

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] It can be calculated that, within 5 minutes after adding 0.5g of ammonium chloride and stirring, the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration on each sieve, including the H+ of the original sludge, can be determined. + The concentration change rate was 0.028 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 4.963 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 150-mesh sieve... +The concentration change rate was 0.0019 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 3.915 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 200-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.0081 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 2.848 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 250-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.00085 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.700 mmol / kg·d; the H+ of the sludge passing through a 300-mesh sieve... + The concentration change rate was 0.00038 mmol / L·d, and the nitrification reaction rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration was 0.662 mmol / kg·d.

[0074] After the monitoring is completed, the mud pump 30 is switched to the inlet pipe 32 through the solenoid valve I, and high-pressure water flow is input from outside the system to flush the pipe and the sludge trapped on the screen 11. After flushing for 2 minutes, all the mud-water mixture finally reaches the position below the screen of the monitoring box 10. The sludge discharge valve 22 is opened to discharge the mud-water mixture in the box from the system.

[0075] The activated sludge nitrification reaction rate per unit sludge concentration in Example 2 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the pH change rate of the raw sludge was the highest, while the nitrification rate of the activated sludge was the lowest per unit sludge concentration below a 300-mesh sieve. The proportion of sludge passing through 300-mesh or larger sieves in the aeration tank of this wastewater treatment plant should be reduced.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] The sludge concentration in the aeration tank of an industrial wastewater treatment plant is 3490 mg / L. Each monitoring box 10 is 100 mm long, 100 mm wide, and 100 mm high, with a volume of 1 L. The screens 11 in the four monitoring boxes 10 are all woven from steel wire, with mesh sizes of 150, 200, 250, and 300 mesh respectively. Solenoid valve I controls the sludge pump 30 to switch to the sludge inlet pipe 31, taking 0.5 L of sludge and inputting it into the sieve position of the monitoring box 10. After sieving and holding for 10 minutes, the stirring device 14 at the bottom of the monitoring box 10 mixes the sludge under the sieve. By comparing the original sludge concentration with the sludge concentration under the 150-mesh sieve, where the original sludge concentration is 3490 mg / L and the sludge concentration under the 150-mesh sieve is 2620 mg / L, the retention rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] The calculated retention rate was 24.93%, which is greater than 20%, indicating a sludge bulking problem. The monitoring process was then suspended, and the abnormal situation was reported.

Claims

1. A sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system, characterized in that: The system includes multiple monitoring boxes (10) arranged in parallel, each monitoring box (10) having a screen (11) with a different aperture, the screen (11) being used to trap filamentous bacteria and screen activated sludge particles of different particle sizes; a pH sensor (12) and a sludge concentration monitoring sensor (13) are installed in the box below the screen (11) of the monitoring box (10), the pH sensor (12) being used to measure the change in pH value of the sludge under the screen; a stirring device (14) for mixing the sludge under the screen is provided at the bottom of the monitoring box (10); a dosing tank (40) is also included, the dosing tank (40) adding nitrogen source agent to the box below the screen (11) of each monitoring box (10) through a dosing pipe; and the sludge-water mixture is added to the box above the screen (11) of each monitoring box (10) through a liquid adding pipe (33).

2. The sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction of mud and water flow, the mesh size of the screen (11) in each monitoring box (10) increases sequentially from 150 to 300 mesh.

3. The sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each monitoring box (10) is equipped with a sludge discharge pipe, and a sludge discharge valve (22) is installed on the sludge discharge pipe.

4. The sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mud pump (30) is installed on the liquid addition pipeline (33). The mud pump (30) is connected to both the mud inlet pipeline (31) and the water inlet pipeline (32). The mud pump (30) can be switched to the mud inlet pipeline (31) to input mud-water mixture into the monitoring box (10), or switched to the water inlet pipeline (32) to flush the entire pipeline and screen (11).

5. The sludge monitoring device for assisting in the regulation of a wastewater treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a PLC control box (20); the dosing pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve (21); the sludge discharge valve (22), the solenoid valve (21), the sludge pump (30), the pH sensor (12) and the sludge concentration monitoring sensor (13) are all connected to the PLC control box (20).

6. The sludge monitoring method of the sludge monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The mud pump pumps mud-water mixture from the sewage treatment unit and adds it to the sieve position of 3 to 5 monitoring boxes through the liquid addition pipeline. 0.5 to 1L of mud-water mixture is pumped into each monitoring box and passed through the screen set in the monitoring box. After staying for 5 to 10 minutes, the sludge concentration in the mud-water mixture under the sieve of the monitoring box is measured by the sludge concentration monitoring sensor. (2) After the sludge passes through the screen of the first monitoring box, the concentration of sludge sieved through the 150-mesh screen is compared with the original sludge concentration, and the retention rate is calculated. If the retention rate is greater than or equal to 20%, it is considered that the sludge has abnormally expanded; if the retention rate is less than 20%, it is considered that the sludge has not abnormally expanded. (3) If the sludge does not expand abnormally, open the solenoid valve and add ammonium chloride to the monitoring box under the screen. Mix the ammonium chloride with the sludge water using the stirring device. The pH sensor measures the pH value of the mixed sludge water under the screen after mixing. Calculate the activated sludge nitrification reaction rate per unit sludge concentration under different particle size ranges in the device by using the pH value change data within 5-10 minutes after adding ammonium chloride. This will give the activity of the nitrifying bacteria. Among them, H + The rate of concentration change and the nitrification reaction rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration are calculated according to formulas (1) and (2): In equation (1), t0 and t1 are the monitoring start time and monitoring end time, respectively, in minutes. pH0 and pH1 are the pH meter readings at the start time t0 and the end time t1 of the monitoring. For H + Concentration change rate, in units of mol / L·min; In formula (2), MLSS is the sludge concentration under each screen, in mg / L. V 硝化 The value represents the nitrification rate of activated sludge per unit sludge concentration, expressed in mol / kg·min.

7. The sludge monitoring method of the sludge monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the rejection rate is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, MLSS0 and MLSS1 are the original sludge concentration and the sludge concentration under a 150-mesh sieve, respectively, in mg / L; η is the retention rate.

8. The sludge monitoring method of the sludge monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the mud pump (30) is running in the water position, the mud pump (30) is connected to the water inlet pipe (32) and water is input into the liquid addition pipe (33) and put into the monitoring box (10) screen box to achieve the function of flushing the liquid addition pipe (33) and the screen (11). After flushing for 1 to 2 minutes, all the mud and water mixture will reach the under-screen position of the monitoring box (10) and wait for discharge. Open the mud discharge valve (22) to discharge the mud and water mixture in the box.

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