A damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge collision protection structure and device

Abstract

This invention provides a damping-type energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure and device. The damping-type energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure includes a collision protection chamber filled with a damping medium. An energy dissipator is located on the side of the collision protection chamber facing the bridge pier, and the energy dissipator is connected to the collision protection chamber via a valve. The energy dissipator has at least one axially arranged baffle plate with multiple damping flow channels. This structure utilizes the collision protection chamber to achieve flexible buffering against ship collision impacts. Simultaneously, by combining the viscous properties of the damping medium, the impact kinetic energy is dissipated as internal energy, resulting in good overall collision resistance and simple maintenance after a collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and in particular to a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure and device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and utilization of the Yangtze River's golden waterway, economic exchanges between the upper and lower reaches of the river and between the north and south have become increasingly frequent. The demand for bridges in cities along the river has increased year by year, leading to the continuous construction of long-span bridges. While this has alleviated land traffic pressure and promoted regional economic and social development, a large number of bridges have become obstacles to ship navigation. The conflict between bridge construction and safe navigation is becoming increasingly prominent, the risk of ship collisions with bridges is constantly rising, and ship-bridge collision accidents occur frequently. Therefore, it is urgent to find a reasonable way to resolve this conflict between bridges and ships. In the current design and planning of many bridges, protective engineering has become an important aspect.

[0003] However, traditional collision avoidance structures are primarily made of composite materials or steel. As ship tonnage gradually increases in the navigation environment, the overall collision resistance of these structures is relatively low. After a collision, the impact energy can only be dissipated through plastic deformation of the materials. Severely deformed sections require on-site dismantling and replacement, significantly increasing the workload and maintenance costs at sea. These various disadvantages increase the operating and maintenance costs of traditional collision avoidance systems, leading to numerous adverse effects in engineering applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision structure and device, which can self-recover and be reused after a ship collision, thereby solving the problem that existing anti-collision devices dissipate energy through structural failure and need to be replaced after a collision, and reducing the defects of complex disassembly and maintenance.

[0005] This invention provides a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure, including an anti-collision bladder filled with a damping medium, an energy dissipator on the side of the anti-collision bladder facing the bridge pier, the energy dissipator being connected to the anti-collision bladder through a valve; the energy dissipator having at least one layer of baffle in the axial direction, and multiple damping flow channels formed on the layer of baffle.

[0006] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the damping flow channel is a variable diameter flow channel.

[0007] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the variable diameter flow channel is double L-shaped, I-shaped, Φ-shaped or conical.

[0008] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein a plurality of damping channels are arranged in a ring symmetrical arrangement around the axis of the energy dissipator.

[0009] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy dissipation bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the shell of the anti-collision bladder is made of high-strength canvas and synthetic rubber vulcanized together.

[0010] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the anti-collision bladder is provided with an outer protective plate on the side opposite to the bridge pier, and the outer protective plate is connected to at least one of the anti-collision bladders.

[0011] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the outer protective plate is provided with a functional gradient plate interlayer, and the interlayer is filled with energy-absorbing material.

[0012] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the energy dissipator is further covered by a protective box, the anti-collision bladder and the outer protective plate are both suspended outside the protective box, and the anti-collision bladder is sandwiched between the outer protective plate and the protective box.

[0013] According to the present invention, a damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision structure is provided, wherein the protective box is further provided with a damping element on the side facing the bridge pier.

[0014] The present invention also provides a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision device, wherein multiple damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structures as described above are evenly distributed at the front and rear ends of the bridge pier.

[0015] This invention provides a damping-type energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure and device. The collision protection structure uses a collision-absorbing bladder to withstand the impact force, undergoing compression deformation. This causes the damping medium inside to flow towards the energy dissipator during the impact duration. During this flow, viscous resistance is generated due to the strong intermolecular interactions within the damping medium's structure. Simultaneously, as the damping medium flows through the damping channels inside the energy dissipator, significant throttling resistance is generated due to changes in flow velocity and direction. The combined force of these actions dissipates the impact kinetic energy as internal energy, achieving the purpose of damping and energy dissipation. This structure utilizes the collision-absorbing bladder to achieve flexible buffering against ship collisions, while combining the viscous characteristics of the damping medium to dissipate the impact kinetic energy as internal energy. The overall collision resistance is good, and maintenance after a collision is simple. Furthermore, the collision-absorbing bladder can self-recover after a ship collision, significantly reducing replacement costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the damping buffer energy dissipation bridge anti-collision structure provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the damping buffer energy dissipation bridge anti-collision structure provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an installation schematic diagram of the damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the energy dissipator provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the damping flow channel in the diagram;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the five types of damping flow channels provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition plate provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer protective plate provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1: Collision-resistant body; 11: Damping medium; 2: Energy dissipator; 21: Partition plate; 22: Damping flow channel; 23: Support pad; 3: Connecting pipe; 4: Outer protective plate; 41: Functional gradient plate interlayer; 42: Energy-absorbing material; 5: Protective box; 6: Lifting assembly; 61: Chain; 62: Lifting lug; 7: Damping element;

[0027] 100: Damping buffer energy dissipation bridge anti-collision structure; 200: Bridge pier. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a damping and buffering energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure 100, including a collision protection bladder 1 filled with a damping medium 11. An energy dissipator 2 is provided on the side of the collision protection bladder 1 facing the pier 200, and the energy dissipator 2 is connected to the collision protection bladder 1 via a valve. The energy dissipator 2 has at least one layer of baffle 21 in the axial direction, and multiple damping channels 22 are formed on the baffle 21. When the viscous damping fluid passes through the channels, it converts kinetic energy into internal energy, thereby dissipating the impact kinetic energy of the ship and improving the energy dissipation and buffering effect of the bridge in the face of impact, thus solving the problem of low collision resistance performance of existing collision protection structures.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, both the anti-collision bladder 1 and the energy dissipator 2 are vertically erected cylindrical tank structures, and their volumes are approximately equal. In this embodiment, both the anti-collision bladder 1 and the energy dissipator 2 adopt a capsule structure with hemispherical ends, resulting in better buoyancy performance and making them more suitable for use in waterways. The shell material of the anti-collision bladder 1 can be made of high-strength canvas and synthetic rubber vulcanized together. The material strength can also be divided into layered forms such as one layer of canvas and two layers of rubber, two layers of canvas and two layers of rubber, and three layers of canvas and four layers of rubber, depending on the pressure requirements of the internal damping medium 11. Because a thicker rubber material is used, the anti-collision bladder 1 has properties such as wear resistance, sunlight resistance, and aging resistance. Furthermore, due to the use of a flexible and deformable shell material, in the subsequent repair process after an impact accident, it is only necessary to refill the damping medium 11 into the anti-collision bladder 1 to restore its initial shape, without the need to replace the anti-collision equipment. This not only reduces the workload of water operations but also greatly saves maintenance costs. The shell material of the energy dissipator 2 is a steel structure covered with composite materials made of Kevlar or basalt fiber, which mainly serves to buffer energy absorption and protect the equipment, preventing the internal damping medium 11 from leaking due to impact.

[0031] The damping medium 11 filled inside the anti-collision bladder 1 is viscous and is normally liquid. It can be a silicone oil-based damping fluid or an alcohol-based damping fluid, etc. The bottom of the anti-collision bladder 1 is connected to the energy dissipator 2 via a connecting pipe 3. A valve is installed on the connecting pipe 3. Under normal conditions, the valve is closed. However, in the event of a collision, the anti-collision bladder 1 is compressed and deformed, causing a rapid increase in the pressure of the damping medium 11. When the valve reaches its opening pressure, it automatically opens, and the damping medium 11 flows into the energy dissipator 2 through the connecting pipe 3. In some specific embodiments, the valve can be a shut-off valve. During the flow, the friction between molecules within the liquid generates heat, promptly converting the impact energy into thermal energy, thereby weakening the ship's impact kinetic energy.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the energy dissipator 2 has at least one axially arranged baffle plate 21 inside, and multiple damping channels 22 are formed on the baffle plate 21. Because the inlet size of the damping channel 22 is small, the damping medium 11 will have a throttling effect when flowing into the damping channel 22. The vortex, collision and friction generated when the liquid flows through the channel will consume part of the ship's impact kinetic energy. In this embodiment, one baffle plate 21 is used as an example for illustration. The number of baffle plates 21 can also be two or more, which is not limited here. The specific number can be determined comprehensively based on the maximum possible impact force and the viscosity characteristics of the damping medium. When multiple baffle plates 21 are provided, the aperture, shape, number and layout of the damping channels 22 on different baffle plates 21 or different damping channels 22 on the same baffle plate 21 can be flexibly selected according to actual use requirements. They can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0033] Furthermore, the energy consumed by anti-collision bladders 1 and damping channels 22 of different sizes can be obtained through theoretical analysis. Then, the appropriate model can be selected in the design process based on the kinetic energy calculated by the ship's mass and speed, solving the problem that existing anti-collision devices that consume energy through material failure require a large amount of numerical simulation, making the design simpler.

[0034] This embodiment provides a damping and energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure. The collision protection chamber 1 absorbs the impact force and undergoes compression deformation, causing the damping medium 11 inside to flow towards the energy dissipator 2 during the impact duration. During this flow, viscous resistance is generated due to the strong intermolecular interactions within the damping medium 11 itself. Simultaneously, as the damping medium 11 flows through the damping flow channel 22 inside the energy dissipator 2, significant throttling resistance is generated due to changes in flow velocity and direction. The combined force of these actions dissipates the impact kinetic energy as internal energy, achieving the purpose of damping and energy dissipation. This structure utilizes the collision protection chamber 1 to achieve flexible buffering against ship collisions, while combining the viscous characteristics of the damping medium 11 to dissipate the impact kinetic energy as internal energy. Overall, it exhibits good collision resistance and simplifies maintenance after a collision.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the damping channel 22 can be a variable diameter channel. Here, a variable diameter channel refers to a damping channel 22 with varying diameters in its flow direction, which allows for multiple throttling effects, converting more kinetic energy into internal energy. Additionally, as... Figure 6 As shown in Figure (a), the damping flow channel 22 can also be a cylindrical flow channel. The cylindrical flow channel is easier to process, and multiple baffles 21 can be set to increase damping dissipation.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the variable diameter flow channel can be double L-shaped, I-shaped, Φ-shaped, or conical. Specifically, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown in Figure (c), the double L-shaped flow channel is equivalent to two L-shaped flow channels arranged symmetrically at the center and connected in the middle. The characteristic of this flow channel is that the inlet and outlet diameters are small and staggered. Simultaneously, due to the larger diameter in the middle of the flow channel, the damping medium 11, after entering the flow channel through the inlet, will generate a vortex effect, further dissipating the ship's impact kinetic energy. In other embodiments, such as... Figure 6 As shown in Figure (d), the I-shaped flow channel is characterized by a larger diameter at the inlet and outlet, and a smaller diameter in the middle of the channel, resulting in two throttling effects during the liquid inlet process. In some other embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown in Figure (e), the Φ-shaped flow channel is characterized by its small and symmetrically arranged inlet and outlet diameters. Due to the larger diameter in the middle of the channel, a throttling effect occurs during both inlet and outlet processes. Furthermore, other types of variable-diameter flow channels can also be used, such as... Figure 6 As shown in Figure (b), a conical flow channel can be used, as long as it can increase the consumption of internal energy; there are no restrictions here.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, multiple damping channels 22 are arranged symmetrically in a ring around the axis of the energy dissipator 2. These multiple damping channels 22 can form one or more annular rings. In this embodiment, two annular rings are used as an example. The inner ring consists of six damping channels 22, and the outer ring consists of twelve damping channels 22. The specific number of damping channels 22 can be selected based on the inner diameter of the energy dissipator 2 and the damping consumption requirements; no limitation is imposed here.

[0038] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the side of the crash bladder 1 facing away from the pier 200 is also provided with an outer protective plate 4, which is connected to at least one crash bladder 1. Figure 8 As shown, the outer protective plate 4 has a functional gradient plate interlayer 41 inside, and energy-absorbing material 42 is filled between the functional gradient plate interlayers 41. Specifically, the outer protective plate 4 can be tightly attached to the surface of one or more crash bags 1, so that the contact area between the outer protective plate 4 and the crash bag 1 is as large as possible.

[0039] This embodiment uses one outer liner 4 corresponding to three anti-collision bladders 1 as an example for illustration, and no limitation is made here. When a ship collision occurs, the ship first contacts the outer liner 4. The impact kinetic energy is consumed by the lateral extension of the functional gradient plate interlayer 41 inside the outer liner 4 and the plastic crushing deformation of the energy-absorbing material 42. At the same time, the outer liner 4 presses against the anti-collision bladders 1 as a whole, so that the force of the three anti-collision bladders 1 corresponding to the outer liner 4 is evenly distributed, thereby dispersing the peak impact force at the impact point. The three anti-collision bladders 1 undergo compression deformation at the same time, so that the damping medium 11 filled inside flows to the energy dissipator 2 during the impact duration. During the flow, the strong interaction between the molecules inside the structure of the damping medium 11 generates viscous resistance. At the same time, when the damping medium 11 flows through the damping flow channel 22 inside the energy dissipator 2, it will also generate huge throttling resistance due to the change in flow speed and direction. The resultant force of these actions allows the impact kinetic energy to be consumed in the form of internal energy.

[0040] Therefore, the outer protective plate 4 can increase the dissipation of impact kinetic energy and simultaneously compress multiple anti-collision bags 1, thereby improving the buffering effect and providing a certain degree of protection for the anti-collision bags 1. In addition, the use of functional gradient plate interlayer 41 and energy-absorbing material 42 as fillers can effectively improve the strength of the outer protective plate 4 and enhance its effective protection and buffering effect.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the energy dissipator 2 is also covered by a protective box 5. Both the crash bladder 1 and the outer protective plate 4 are hoisted to the outside of the protective box 5 via a hoisting assembly 6, with the crash bladder 1 sandwiched between the outer protective plate 4 and the protective box 5. Specifically, the hoisting assembly 6 includes a chain 61 and lifting lugs 62. Lifting lugs 62 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the outer protective plate 4, the side of the protective box 5 facing the crash bladder 1, and the top of the crash bladder 1. A chain 61 passes between the lifting lugs 62, and the tension of the chain 61 tightly connects and secures the protective box 5, the crash bladder 1, and the outer protective plate 4. Furthermore, the hoisting chain 61 can be replaced with other durable rope structures; this is not a limitation. Using the hoisting assembly 6 to detachably connect the protective box 5, the crash bladder 1, and the outer protective plate 4 simplifies subsequent maintenance and repair procedures, facilitating the replacement and restoration of the outer protective plate 4 and the crash bladder 1.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a damping element 7 is also provided on the side of the protective box 5 facing the pier 200. Specifically, the damping element 7 can be of shear type, rotation type, compression type, air-filled type, or hydraulic type. In this embodiment, a V-type compression damping element is used, which has the characteristics of simple structure, easy manufacturing, and convenient installation. In addition, compression damping elements can also be of D type, cylindrical type, H type, drum type, and II type. More specifically, the damping element 7 can be a rubber fender.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the protective box 5 has an internal support pad 23. The support pad 23 is L-shaped and has several recesses. The shape of the recesses matches the bottom of the energy dissipator 2 and is used to support the energy dissipator 2. The support pad 23 can be made of elastic material, such as rubber, to prevent the steel protective box 5 from contacting the energy dissipator 2 during an impact.

[0044] Furthermore, the energy dissipator 2 is also equipped with a pressure relief valve (not shown in the figure). When the internal hydraulic pressure is detected to reach a safety threshold, the pressure relief valve opens to protect the energy dissipator 2.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision device, wherein multiple damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structures 100 as described above are evenly distributed at the front and rear ends of the bridge pier 200. In this embodiment, three damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structures 100 are respectively distributed at the front and rear ends of the bridge pier 200. Each damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structure 100 adopts a structural combination of one outer protective plate 4 corresponding to four anti-collision bladders 1. The specific number combination can be adjusted according to the size of the bridge pier 200, and is not limited here. In addition, damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structures 100 can also be distributed on both sides of the bridge pier 200. Considering that the probability of a frontal impact to the side of the bridge pier 200 is relatively small, the number of damping buffer energy dissipation type bridge anti-collision structures 100 can be appropriately reduced, or only the steel structure of the protective box 5 and the damping element 7 can be used for buffering, without setting the outer protective plate 4, anti-collision bladders and energy dissipators 2.

[0046] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision structure and device provided by the present invention surrounds the pier 200 with multiple protective boxes 5. When a ship collision occurs, the outer protective plate 4 first undergoes crushing deformation and dissipates energy through the functional gradient plate interlayer 41 and energy-absorbing material 42. At the same time, the anti-collision bladder 1 is squeezed, injecting the damping medium 11 into the energy dissipator 2. Due to the interaction force generated by the internal molecules of the damping medium 11 during the flow process, heat is generated during the flow process, thereby converting the ship's impact kinetic energy into internal energy for consumption. In addition, the liquid level of the damping medium 11 in the energy dissipator 2 rises, generating gravitational potential energy to do work and consume energy. As the collision process continues, the damping medium 11 gradually overflows through the damping flow channel 22 of the partition plate 21. When the damping medium 11 flows through the damping flow channel 22, it generates throttling and eddy current effects, further consuming the ship's impact kinetic energy, thereby improving the buffering effect of the device and protecting the pier.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damping buffer energy dissipation bridge collision protection structure, characterized in that, The system includes a crash bladder filled with a damping medium, and an energy dissipator on the side of the crash bladder facing the pier. The energy dissipator is connected to the crash bladder via a valve. The energy dissipator has at least one layer of baffle in the axial direction, and multiple damping flow channels are formed on the layer of baffle. The side of the anti-collision bladder away from the pier is also provided with an outer protective plate, which is connected to at least one of the anti-collision bladders; the energy dissipator is also covered by a protective box, and both the anti-collision bladder and the outer protective plate are suspended outside the protective box, with the anti-collision bladder sandwiched between the outer protective plate and the protective box; The valve is normally closed. In the event of a collision, the valve automatically opens when the pressure of the damping medium reaches the opening pressure due to the compression and deformation of the anti-collision bladder. This allows the damping medium to flow into the energy dissipator, where it generates throttling resistance through the damping channel, thus dissipating the impact kinetic energy as internal energy. The anti-collision bladder is made of a flexible and deformable shell material, allowing it to return to its initial shape after the damping medium is added during the repair process. The damping channel is a variable diameter channel.

2. The damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping channel is a variable diameter channel.

3. The damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the variable diameter flow channel is double L-shaped, I-shaped, Φ-shaped, or conical.

4. The damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple damping channels are arranged in a ring-shaped symmetrical arrangement around the axis of the energy dissipator.

5. The damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell of the anti-collision bladder is made of high-strength canvas and synthetic rubber vulcanized together.

6. The damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer protective plate has a functional gradient plate interlayer inside, and the interlayer of the functional gradient plate is filled with energy-absorbing material.

7. The damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge collision protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protective box is also equipped with a damping element on the side facing the bridge pier.

8. A damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision device, characterized in that, Multiple damping buffer energy-dissipating bridge anti-collision structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are evenly distributed at the front and rear ends of the bridge piers.

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