A cyclone sand removal experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The present invention provides a cyclone desander experimental device and experimental method. The device comprises: a heating tank, a cam rotor pump, an inlet mass flowmeter, and a cyclone desander connected in sequence; a static mixer disposed within a connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter and the cyclone desander; an air injection device connected to the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter and the static mixer; an overflow port mass flowmeter connected to a first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander; a polarizing microscope connected to a sand settling fluid sampling port, an overflow fluid sampling port, and a sampling port for a fluid to be desandered; and first, second, and third pressure detection devices for detecting the inlet fluid pressure, the fluid outlet pressure, and the overflow fluid pressure of the cyclone desander. The heating tank comprises a stirring paddle module and a conical cylinder module detachably connected to the heating tank body; and a valve is disposed on the connecting pipeline between the overflow port mass flowmeter and the first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander or at the outlet of the overflow port mass flowmeter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crude oil development, gathering, transportation and processing, and particularly relates to a cyclone sand removal experimental device and an experimental method suitable for sand-containing crude oil. Background Art

[0002] The extraction of highly viscous crude oil (such as heavy oil) is often accompanied by the destruction of the formation rock skeleton. For shallow, loose lithological reservoirs, sand production is common. Although offshore crude oil production has strict downhole sand control measures, 0.035%-0.058% (mass%) of sand particles still enter the offshore platform processing system with the high-viscosity crude oil. To improve crude oil recovery, onshore oil fields use cold sand extraction technology, which often results in high sand concentrations in the produced fluid. In the initial stage of extraction, the sand concentration in the produced fluid can be as high as 44%. After production stabilizes, the sand concentration in the produced fluid is maintained at around 5%. The sand particles produced by downhole extraction are brought to the surface by the highly viscous crude oil, causing serious damage to production facilities. Crude oil carrying sand often leads to sand deposition, sand erosion, and corrosion in the gathering and transportation process pipelines and equipment. In severe cases, it not only causes pipeline and equipment blockage, but also causes pigs to become stuck and even control valves to fail. This significantly increases the workload and maintenance costs of sand removal from pipelines, separators, and other equipment, affecting the operating efficiency of the crude oil gathering and transportation system.

[0003] Currently, there are very few studies and reports on crude oil desanding methods and technologies. There is still a need to develop cyclone desanding experimental equipment and experimental methods to provide strong help and support for exploring the operating conditions for efficient cyclone desanding of crude oil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to explore the operating conditions for efficient cyclone sand removal of crude oil, especially heavy oil, the present invention provides a cyclone sand removal experimental device and an experimental method suitable for sand-containing crude oil.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cyclone sand removal experimental device, wherein the device comprises:

[0006] The experimental device includes a heating tank, a cam rotor pump, an inlet mass flow meter, a gas injection device, a static mixer, a cyclone desander, an overflow mass flow meter, a polarizing microscope, a first pressure detection device, a second pressure detection device, and a third pressure detection device; wherein,

[0007] The heating tank comprises a heating tank body provided with a bottom fluid outlet, a stirring paddle module detachably connected to the heating tank body, and a conical tube module detachably connected to the heating tank body; wherein, when the stirring paddle module is connected to the heating tank body, it is arranged inside the heating tank body and the conical tube module is not connected to the heating tank body; when the conical tube module is connected to the heating tank body, it is arranged inside the heating tank body and the fluid outlet of the conical tube module is connected to the fluid outlet at the bottom of the heating tank body, and the stirring paddle module is not connected to the heating tank body;

[0008] The top of the cyclone desander is provided with a first overflow outlet and an overflow fluid sampling port, and the bottom is provided with a fluid outlet and a sand settling fluid sampling port;

[0009] The heating tank, the cam rotor pump, the inlet mass flowmeter, and the cyclone desander are connected in sequence. The static mixer is arranged inside the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter and the cyclone desander. The gas outlet of the gas injection device is communicated with the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter and the static mixer. The overflow mass flowmeter is connected to the first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander. A valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the overflow mass flowmeter and the first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander or at the outlet of the overflow mass flowmeter. The static mixer and the cyclone desander are connected. A sampling port for the fluid to be sanded is provided on the connecting pipeline; the inlet of the sample pool of the polarizing microscope is respectively connected to the sampling port for the sand settling fluid, the sampling port for the overflow fluid, and the sampling port for the fluid to be sanded; the polarizing microscope is used to perform discrete phase particle size analysis of samples taken from the sampling port for the sand settling fluid, the sampling port for the overflow fluid, and the sampling port for the fluid to be sanded; the first pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure of the inlet fluid of the cyclone desander; the second pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure at the fluid outlet of the cyclone desander; and the third pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure of the overflow fluid of the cyclone desander.

[0010] The cyclone sand removal experiment was conducted using the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device. The heating tank switched between the two modules according to different water content states. The stirring paddle module was used to stir the mixed liquid with high water content and obvious oil-water stratification in the static state. The conical cylinder module was suitable for oil products with low water content (including anhydrous) and no obvious oil-water stratification in the static state. Oil samples with high water content showed oil-water stratification, resulting in unstable water content of the pump inlet. The use of the stirring paddle module can help ensure the stability of the water content of the pump inlet and reduce the error in the obtained cyclone sand removal efficiency. Formation sand has strong polarity, while oil has weak polarity. When the oil product has low water content (including anhydrous), the sand is very easy to aggregate and deposit during the heating and stirring process. The stirring paddle cannot lift enough sand, resulting in less sand in the pump inlet and a large error in the obtained cyclone sand removal efficiency. The use of the conical cylinder module can ensure that the sand particles added to the cylinder can enter the cyclone completely with the oil and water liquid without agglomeration due to stirring, thereby reducing the error in the obtained cyclone sand removal efficiency.

[0011] The cyclone desander experimental device mentioned above was used to conduct a cyclone desander experiment. Before the fluid entered the cyclone desander, a static mixer was used to stir the oil, water, and gas multiphase mixed feed to avoid oil-water stratification. The sand particles settled to the wall of the annular pipe, and the small-particle bubbles generated by the disturbed shear were closer to the on-site dissolved gas.

[0012] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, preferably, the device further includes a data acquisition system, which is connected to the inlet mass flow meter, the overflow mass flow meter, the second pressure detection device, the third pressure detection device, and the polarizing microscope, and is used to collect data measured by the data acquisition system and the inlet mass flow meter, the overflow mass flow meter, the second pressure detection device, the third pressure detection device, and the polarizing microscope.

[0013] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, preferably, a second overflow outlet is further provided on the top of the cyclone sand remover;

[0014] More preferably, the third pressure detection device is detachably connected to the second overflow outlet. When the first overflow outlet is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the third pressure detection device is connected to the second overflow outlet. When the second overflow outlet is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the third pressure detection device is not connected to the cyclone desander.

[0015] In this preferred technical solution, the second overflow outlet is used when the cyclone desander is operated at normal pressure, and the overflow channel is directly connected to the atmosphere at this time; the first overflow outlet is used when the cyclone desander is operated under pressure and the diversion ratio is controlled, and the degree of connectivity of the overflow channel can be controlled by a valve.

[0016] According to the above-mentioned cyclone desander experimental device, preferably, in the cyclone desander experimental device, each connecting pipe between the heating tank, the cam rotor pump, the inlet mass flow meter, the cyclone desander, and the cam rotor pump and the cyclone desander are wrapped with a heating belt;

[0017] More preferably, each connecting pipe between the heating tank, the cam rotor pump, the inlet mass flow meter, and the cyclone desander is wrapped with thermal insulation cotton;

[0018] More preferably, the fluid sand removal experimental device further comprises a heating belt temperature controller connected to the heating belt to control the heating temperature of the heating belt of the entire device.

[0019] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, preferably, the heating tank is provided with a heating coil to heat the fluid in the heating tank;

[0020] More preferably, the heating tank body is provided with a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the fluid in the tank.

[0021] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, preferably, the heating tank further includes a guide plate arranged in the heating tank body;

[0022] It is more helpful to ensure that the mixture with high water content and obvious oil-water stratification is fully mixed.

[0023] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, preferably, the gas injection device includes a gas storage tank, which is provided with a flow regulating valve and a float flowmeter on the regulating valve. According to the gas injection volume demand, the gas injection flow is regulated by controlling the flow regulating valve and the float flowmeter on the regulating valve.

[0024] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, preferably, the cam rotor pump includes a rubber sleeve rotor and a stainless steel rotor;

[0025] According to the experimental temperature, replace the appropriate cam rotor; use a rubber sleeve rotor under low temperature conditions (≤60℃) and a stainless steel rotor under high temperature conditions (>60℃); the rubber sleeve rotor has better sealing and stronger self-priming ability, and has higher boost pressure and larger outlet flow under the same conditions. However, since the fluororubber on the rotor surface is extremely easy to break at high temperatures, it is replaced with a stainless steel rotor under high temperature conditions.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a cyclone sand removal experimental method using the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, wherein the method comprises:

[0027] Step 1: Start the cyclone desander experimental device. After the sand-containing crude oil is heated in a heating tank, it is pressurized by a cam rotor pump and measured by an inlet mass flow meter. After being disturbed by a static mixer, it enters the cyclone desander for separation.

[0028] If dissolved gas interference is to be studied, the gas injection device is turned on and adjusted to the required injection volume, and the gas is injected into the sand-containing crude oil after being measured by a mass flow meter and before being disturbed by a static mixer;

[0029] When the water content of the sandy crude oil is high, the heating tank uses a stirring paddle module, and the sandy crude oil is stirred and heated in the heating tank. When the water content of the sandy crude oil is low, the heating tank uses a conical cylinder module, and the heating tank body is filled with a heating medium, which is heated by the heating tank body and then the sandy crude oil in the conical cylinder module is heated by the heating medium. Sandy crude oil with high water content can undergo oil-water stratification in a static state, while sandy crude oil with low water content cannot undergo oil-water stratification in a static state.

[0030] Step 2: After the cyclone sand removal experimental device has been running stably, a polarizing microscope is used to perform discrete phase particle size analysis on samples taken from the self-sanding fluid sampling port, the overflow fluid sampling port, and the sampling port of the fluid to be sanded; and then the influence of the emulsion demulsification and inversion effect on the cyclone sand removal is determined.

[0031] According to the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental method, preferably, the method further comprises:

[0032] Step 3: After the cyclone sand removal experimental device runs stably, the overflow fluid and the sand settling fluid are sampled and the sampling time is recorded, thereby determining the amount of sand in the overflow fluid and the amount of sand in the sand settling fluid, and then determining the sand removal rate;

[0033] More preferably, determining the amount of sand in the overflow fluid and the amount of sand in the sand settling fluid comprises:

[0034] The sample is heated to separate the oil and water layers, the oil layer is removed, and then a sufficient amount of degreasing agent is added for ultrasonic cleaning; the liquid in the mixture after ultrasonic cleaning is removed, and then the remaining sand particles are washed with boiling water, and the sand particles washed with boiling water are filtered to remove water; the sand particles after filtration and dewatering are dried, cooled to room temperature and weighed to determine the mass of the sand particles and realize the determination of the sand quantity;

[0035] More preferably, the sand removal rate is determined by the following formula:

[0036] η=(m u / t u ) / (m o / t o +m u / t u )

[0037] Where, η is the sand removal rate, unit %; m u is the mass of sand in the sand settling fluid sample (g), t u is the sampling time of the sedimentation fluid sample (s), m o is the mass of sand in the overflow fluid sample (g), t o is the sampling time of overflow fluid sample (s).

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the technical solution provided by the present invention can conduct multi-functional and multi-operational crude oil cyclone sand removal experiments based on different crude oil properties, thereby determining the boundary conditions for achieving efficient crude oil sand removal. The heating tank can be switched between the agitator module and the conical cylinder module according to the water content of the crude oil; the gas injection device can simulate the interference of actual dissolved gas on crude oil cyclone sand removal; and the sampling ports for the sedimentation fluid, overflow fluid, and the fluid to be desanded can be used to take online samples through polarizing microscopes to analyze the particle size of discrete phase droplets, thereby evaluating in real time the impact of the emulsion demulsification and inversion effect on cyclone sand removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclone sand removal device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cyclone sand removal experimental device, wherein the device includes:

[0042] Heating tank T1, cam rotor pump A1, inlet mass flowmeter F1, gas injection device G1, static mixer M1, cyclone desander Hy1, overflow port mass flowmeter F2, polarizing microscope M2, first pressure detection equipment P1, second pressure detection equipment P2, third pressure detection equipment P3.

[0043] The heating tank T1 includes a heating tank body T14 provided with a bottom fluid outlet, a stirring paddle module T11 detachably connected to the heating tank body T14, and a conical tube module T16 detachably connected to the heating tank body T14; wherein, when the stirring paddle module T11 is connected to the heating tank body T14, it is arranged inside the heating tank body T14 and the conical tube module T16 is not connected to the heating tank body T14; when the conical tube module T16 is connected to the heating tank body T14, it is arranged inside the heating tank body T14 and the fluid outlet of the conical tube module T16 is connected to the fluid outlet at the bottom of the heating tank body T14 and the stirring paddle module T11 is not connected to the heating tank body T14; the stirring paddle T11 and the conical tube T16 can be quickly disassembled and installed, making it convenient to switch between the two modules according to different water content states. The heating tank T1 switches between two modules according to different water content states. The stirring paddle module T11 is used to stir the mixed liquid with high water content and obvious oil-water stratification in the static state. The conical cylinder module T16 is suitable for oil products with low water content (including anhydrous) and no oil-water stratification in the static state. Oil samples with high water content experience oil-water stratification, resulting in unstable water content in the pump. The stirring paddle module T11 can help ensure the stability of the water content in the pump and reduce the error in the obtained cyclone sand removal efficiency. Formation sand has strong polarity, while the oil product has weak polarity. When the oil product has low water content (including anhydrous) and no oil-water stratification in the static state, the sand is very likely to aggregate and settle during the heating and stirring process. The stirring paddle cannot lift enough sand, resulting in less sand in the pump and large errors in the obtained cyclone sand removal efficiency. The use of the conical cylinder module T16 can ensure that the sand particles added to the cylinder can enter the cyclone completely with the oil and water liquid without agglomeration due to stirring, thus reducing the error in the obtained cyclone sand removal efficiency.

[0044] The top of the cyclone desander Hy1 is provided with a first overflow outlet and an overflow fluid sampling port, and the bottom is provided with a fluid outlet and a sand settling fluid sampling port. The overflow fluid sampling port is provided with a valve V7, the fluid outlet is provided with a valve V4, and the sand settling fluid sampling port is provided with a valve V8.

[0045] The heating tank T1, cam rotor pump A1, inlet mass flowmeter F1, and cyclone desander Hy1 are connected in sequence. A valve V1 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the heating tank T1 and cam rotor pump A1. A valve V2 is installed at the gas outlet of the gas injection device G1, connecting this outlet to the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter F1 and the static mixer M1. The static mixer M1 is installed within the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter F1 and the cyclone desander Hy1. The static mixer M1 at the inlet of the cyclone desander Hy1 stirs the multiphase feed of oil, water, and gas to prevent oil-water stratification, allowing sand particles to sink to the annular pipe wall and allowing small bubbles generated by disturbed shear to align more closely with the dissolved gas in situ. The overflow mass flowmeter F2 is connected to the first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander Hy1, and a valve V5 is installed at the outlet of the overflow mass flowmeter F2. The connecting pipeline between the static mixer M1 and the cyclone desander Hy1 is equipped with a sampling port for the fluid to be desandered. These ports consist of two parallel sampling ports, one equipped with a valve V6 and the other with a valve V3. The inlet of the sample cell of the polarizing microscope M2 is connected to the sampling port for the settling fluid, the overflow fluid, and the sampling port for the fluid to be desandered, respectively, whichever is equipped with a valve V6. The polarizing microscope M2 is used to observe the particle size of discrete phase droplets sampled online from the sampling ports for the settling fluid, the overflow fluid, and the fluid to be desander in real time. Combined with the post-processing software in the data acquisition system, the particle size distribution of the discrete phase droplets can be calculated to evaluate the impact of the demulsification and inversion state of the crude oil emulsion on cyclone desandering. The first pressure detection device P1 is used to detect the pressure of the sampled fluid entering the cyclone desander Hy1. The second pressure detection device P2 is used to detect the pressure at the fluid outlet of the cyclone desander Hy1; the third pressure detection device P3 is used to detect the overflow fluid pressure of the cyclone desander Hy1.

[0046] Furthermore, the device also includes a data acquisition system S1, which is connected to the inlet mass flowmeter F1, the overflow mass flowmeter F2, the second pressure detection device P2, the third pressure detection device P3, and the polarizing microscope M2, and is used to collect data measured by the data acquisition system S1 and the inlet mass flowmeter F1, the overflow mass flowmeter F2, the second pressure detection device P2, the third pressure detection device P3, and the polarizing microscope M2. Furthermore, the inlet mass flowmeter F1 is provided with a flow / temperature / density transmitter F11, and the overflow mass flowmeter F2 is provided with a flow / temperature / density transmitter F21. The flow, temperature, and density information obtained by the inlet mass flowmeter F1 and the overflow mass flowmeter F2 and the pressure information obtained by the pressure detection devices (P1, P2, P3) are all transmitted to the data acquisition system S1 through their respective transmitters for display, storage, and analysis.

[0047] Furthermore, a second overflow outlet ② is further provided at the top of the cyclone desander Hy1. Furthermore, a third pressure detection device P3 is detachably connected to the second overflow outlet ②. When the first overflow outlet ① is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the third pressure detection device P3 is connected to the second overflow outlet ②. When the second overflow outlet is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the third pressure detection device P3 is disconnected from the cyclone desander Hy1. Furthermore, a stainless steel hose L1 is connected to the outlet of valve V5. When the second overflow outlet ② is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the second overflow outlet ② is connected to a stainless steel hose L2. Second overflow outlet ② is used when the cyclone desander Hy1 is operating at normal pressure. The overflow channel is then directly connected to the atmosphere. First overflow outlet ① is used when the cyclone desander Hy1 is operating under pressure and to control the diversion ratio. The overflow channel's connectivity can be controlled via valves. When valve V5 is closed, overflow fluid flows out of second overflow outlet ②. At this point, valve V4 is fully open, and both the overflow and sedimentation fluid outlets of the entire cyclone desander Hy1 are connected to the atmosphere. To study the separation performance of the cyclone desander Hy1 under high pressure, second overflow outlet ② can be connected to the third pressure testing device P3. Overflow fluid then flows out of first overflow outlet ①. By adjusting valves V5 and V4, the diversion ratio of the cyclone desander Hy1 and the pressure within the cyclone can be controlled.

[0048] Furthermore, in this fluid desander experimental device, the connecting pipes between the heating tank T1, the cam rotor pump A1, the inlet mass flowmeter F1, and the cyclone desander Hy1, as well as the cam rotor pump A1 and the cyclone desander Hy1, are all wrapped with a heating belt H1. Furthermore, the heating belt H1 is a glass fiber electric heating belt. Furthermore, the fluid desander experimental device further includes a heating belt temperature controller C1 connected to the heating belt H1 to control the heating temperature of the entire device.

[0049] Furthermore, each connecting pipe between the heating tank T1, the cam rotor pump A1, the inlet mass flow meter F1, and the cyclone desander Hy1 is wrapped with insulation cotton I1. Furthermore, the insulation cotton I1 is aluminum silicate insulation cotton.

[0050] Furthermore, the heating tank body T14 is provided with a heating coil T15 to heat the fluid in the heating tank body T14.

[0051] Furthermore, the heating tank body T14 is provided with a temperature sensor T12 to measure the temperature of the fluid in the tank.

[0052] Furthermore, the heating tank T1 further includes a guide plate T13 disposed in the heating tank body T14, which is more helpful in ensuring that the mixed liquid with a high water content and a tendency to have obvious oil-water stratification is fully mixed.

[0053] Furthermore, the gas injection device G1 includes a gas storage tank G11, which is equipped with a pressure reducing valve G12, a flow regulating valve G13, a float flowmeter G14 on the regulating valve, and a check valve G15. The gas injection flow rate is regulated by controlling the flow regulating valve G13 and the float flowmeter G14 on the regulating valve according to the required gas injection volume. Furthermore, the gas storage tank G11 stores nitrogen. The gas injection device G1 simulates the effect of crude oil dissolved gas on the cyclone desander by injecting nitrogen. The gas storage tank G11's own pressure is used to inject nitrogen into the inlet pipeline of the cyclone desander Hy1. The gas injection flow rate is regulated by the flow regulating valve G13 of the gas storage tank G11, and the gas injection flow rate is displayed by the float flowmeter G14 on the regulating valve.

[0054] Furthermore, the cam rotor pump A1 includes both rubber-jacketed and stainless steel rotors. The appropriate cam rotor is replaced based on the experimental temperature. The rubber-jacketed rotor is used at low temperatures (≤60°C), while the stainless steel rotor is used at high temperatures (>60°C). The rubber-jacketed rotor offers better sealing and self-priming capabilities, resulting in higher boost pressure and greater outlet flow under the same conditions. However, because the fluororubber coating on the rotor surface is easily broken at high temperatures, the stainless steel rotor is used for high-temperature conditions.

[0055] Furthermore, each valve is a ball valve.

[0056] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a cyclone sand removal experimental device, wherein the device includes:

[0057] The present invention provides a cyclone sand removal experimental method using the above-mentioned cyclone sand removal experimental device, wherein the method comprises:

[0058] Step 1: Start the cyclone desander experimental device. After the sand-containing crude oil is heated in the heating tank T1, it is pressurized by the cam rotor pump A1 and measured by the inlet mass flowmeter F1. After being disturbed by the static mixer M1, it enters the cyclone desander Hy1 for separation.

[0059] If dissolved gas interference needs to be studied, the gas injection device G1 is turned on and adjusted to the required gas injection volume, and the gas is injected into the sand-containing crude oil after being measured by the mass flow meter F1 and before being disturbed by the static mixer M1;

[0060] When the water content of the sandy crude oil is high, the heating tank T1 uses the stirring paddle module T11, and the sandy crude oil is stirred and heated in the heating tank T1. When the water content of the sandy crude oil is low, the heating tank T1 uses the conical cylinder module T16. The heating tank body T14 is filled with a heating medium, which is heated by the heating tank body T14 and then the sandy crude oil in the conical cylinder module T16 is heated by the heating medium. The sandy crude oil with a high water content can undergo oil-water stratification in a static state, while the sandy crude oil with a low water content cannot undergo oil-water stratification in a static state.

[0061] Step 2. After the cyclone sand removal experimental device is running stably, valves V6, V7, and V8 are opened and closed in sequence, and the samples taken from the sampling port of the fluid to be sanded, the overflow fluid sampling port, and the sedimentation fluid sampling port are analyzed for discrete phase particle size using a polarizing microscope M2; thereby determining the influence of the emulsion demulsification inversion effect on the cyclone sand removal.

[0062] Step 3: After the cyclone sand removal experimental device has been running stably, two beakers are used to simultaneously take samples from the overflow outlet and the sand settling fluid sampling port, and the sampling time is recorded to determine the amount of sand in the overflow fluid and the amount of sand in the sand settling fluid, and then determine the sand removal rate;

[0063] The determination of the amount of sand in the overflow fluid and the amount of sand in the sedimentation fluid includes:

[0064] After sampling, the beaker is placed in an oven and heated at a constant temperature of 90°C for 4 hours. After heating, the oil-water liquid is basically completely separated. The upper oil liquid in the beaker is slowly poured into the recovery tank, and then a sufficient amount of degreaser is poured into the beaker containing free water and a small amount of residual oil, and placed in an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic cleaning; the oil-water liquid after ultrasonic treatment is slowly poured into the waste liquid bucket (to prevent sand from flowing away with the liquid), and the sand after degreaser + ultrasonic cleaning is rinsed twice with boiling water, and then the sand at the bottom of the cup is rinsed with clean water and quickly poured into a vacuum filtration device to filter out the free water on the surface of the sand. During this process, the beaker needs to be rinsed many times until there is no residual sand in the beaker; the sand after filtering out the free water is transferred to a glass dish with a suction membrane and placed in a 90°C oven for constant temperature heating for 4 hours. There is no moisture on the surface of the heated sand, and it is allowed to cool at room temperature for 1 hour. An electronic balance is used to weigh the sandless glass dish (including the suction membrane) and the cooled sand-containing glass dish (including the suction membrane). The difference between the two masses is the corresponding sand mass;

[0065] Among them, the sand removal rate is determined by the following formula:

[0066] η=(m u / t u ) / (m o / t o +m u / t u )

[0067] Where, η is the sand removal rate, unit %; m u is the mass of sand in the sand settling fluid sample (g), t u is the sampling time of the sedimentation fluid sample (s), m o is the mass of sand in the overflow fluid sample (g), t o is the sampling time of overflow fluid sample (s).

[0068] Using the above experimental apparatus and experimental method, for heavy oil with a viscosity of 2195.73 mPa·s, when the water content reaches 60%, the addition of 150 mg / L of demulsifier can achieve a 100 μm sand particle removal rate of more than 80%, and the addition of 500 mg / L of viscosity reducer can achieve a 100 μm sand particle removal rate of more than 90%.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cyclone sand removal experimental device, wherein: The device includes: The experimental device includes a heating tank, a cam rotor pump, an inlet mass flow meter, a gas injection device, a static mixer, a cyclone desander, an overflow mass flow meter, a polarizing microscope, a first pressure detection device, a second pressure detection device, and a third pressure detection device; wherein, The heating tank comprises a heating tank body provided with a bottom fluid outlet, a stirring paddle module detachably connected to the heating tank body, and a conical cylinder module detachably connected to the heating tank body; wherein, when the stirring paddle module is connected to the heating tank body, it is arranged inside the heating tank body and the conical cylinder module is not connected to the heating tank body; when the conical cylinder module is connected to the heating tank body, it is arranged inside the heating tank body and the fluid outlet of the conical cylinder module is connected to the fluid outlet at the bottom of the heating tank body and the stirring paddle module is not connected to the heating tank body; the top of the cyclone desander is provided with a first overflow outlet and an overflow fluid sampling port, and the bottom is provided with a fluid outlet and a sedimentation fluid sampling port; The heating tank, the cam rotor pump, the inlet mass flowmeter, and the cyclone desander are connected in sequence. The static mixer is arranged inside the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter and the cyclone desander. The gas outlet of the gas injection device is communicated with the connecting pipeline between the inlet mass flowmeter and the static mixer. The overflow mass flowmeter is connected to the first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander. A valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the overflow mass flowmeter and the first overflow outlet of the cyclone desander or at the outlet of the overflow mass flowmeter. The static mixer and the cyclone desander are connected. A sampling port for the fluid to be desanded is provided on the connecting pipeline; the inlet of the sample pool of the polarizing microscope is respectively connected to the sampling port for the settling fluid, the sampling port for the overflow fluid, and the sampling port for the fluid to be desanded; the polarizing microscope is used to perform discrete phase particle size analysis of samples taken from the sampling port for the settling fluid, the sampling port for the overflow fluid, and the sampling port for the fluid to be desanded; the first pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure of the fluid inlet of the cyclone desander; the second pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure at the fluid outlet of the cyclone desander; and the third pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure of the overflow fluid of the cyclone desander; When the water content of the sandy crude oil is high, the heating tank uses a stirring paddle module, and the sandy crude oil is stirred and heated in the heating tank. When the water content of the sandy crude oil is low, the heating tank uses a conical cylinder module, and the heating tank body is filled with a heating medium, which is then heated by the heating tank body and then used to heat the sandy crude oil in the conical cylinder module. Among them, sandy crude oil with a high water content can experience oil-water stratification in a static state, while sandy crude oil with a low water content cannot experience oil-water stratification in a static state.

2. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The device further includes a data acquisition system, which is connected to the inlet mass flow meter, the overflow mass flow meter, the second pressure detection device, the third pressure detection device, and the polarizing microscope, and is used to collect data measured by the data acquisition system, the inlet mass flow meter, the overflow mass flow meter, the second pressure detection device, the third pressure detection device, and the polarizing microscope.

3. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: A second overflow outlet is further provided at the top of the cyclone desander, and the third pressure detection device is detachably connected to the second overflow outlet. When the first overflow outlet is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the third pressure detection device is connected to the second overflow outlet. When the second overflow outlet is used as the overflow fluid outlet, the third pressure detection device is not connected to the cyclone desander.

4. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: In the cyclone desander experimental device, the connecting pipes between the heating tank, the cam rotor pump, the inlet mass flow meter, and the cyclone desander, as well as the cam rotor pump and the cyclone desander are all wrapped with heating tapes.

5. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 4, wherein: All connecting pipes between the heating tank, cam rotor pump, inlet mass flow meter and cyclone desander are wrapped with thermal insulation cotton.

6. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 4, wherein: The cyclone sand removal experimental device further includes a heating belt temperature controller connected to the heating belt to control the heating temperature of the heating belt of the entire device.

7. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The heating tank body is provided with a heating coil to heat the fluid in the heating tank body.

8. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 7, wherein: The heating tank body is provided with a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the fluid in the tank.

9. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The heating tank further includes a guide plate arranged in the heating tank body.

10. The cyclone sand removal experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The cam rotor pump includes a rubber sleeve rotor and a stainless steel rotor.

11. A cyclone sand removal experimental method using the cyclone sand removal experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The method includes: Step 1: Start the cyclone desander experimental device. After the sand-containing crude oil is heated in a heating tank, it is pressurized by a cam rotor pump and measured by an inlet mass flow meter. After being disturbed by a static mixer, it enters the cyclone desander for separation. If dissolved gas interference is to be studied, the gas injection device is turned on and adjusted to the required injection volume, and the gas is injected into the sand-containing crude oil after being measured by a mass flow meter and before being disturbed by a static mixer; When the water content of the sandy crude oil is high, the heating tank uses a stirring paddle module, and the sandy crude oil is stirred and heated in the heating tank. When the water content of the sandy crude oil is low, the heating tank uses a conical cylinder module, and the heating tank body is filled with a heating medium, which is then heated by the heating medium and then used to heat the sandy crude oil in the conical cylinder module. Sandy crude oil with a high water content can undergo oil-water stratification in a static state, while sandy crude oil with a low water content cannot undergo oil-water stratification in a static state. Step 2: After the cyclone sand removal experimental device has been running stably, a polarizing microscope is used to perform discrete phase particle size analysis on samples taken from the self-sanding fluid sampling port, the overflow fluid sampling port, and the sampling port of the fluid to be sanded; and then the influence of the emulsion demulsification and inversion effect on the cyclone sand removal is determined.

12. The cyclone sand removal experimental method according to claim 11, wherein: The method further includes: Step 3: After the cyclone sand removal experimental device runs stably, the overflow fluid and the sand settling fluid are sampled and the sampling time is recorded, thereby determining the amount of sand in the overflow fluid and the amount of sand in the sand settling fluid, and then determining the sand removal rate.

13. The cyclone sand removal experimental method according to claim 12, wherein: Determining the amount of sand in the overflow fluid and the amount of sand in the sedimentation fluid includes: heating the sample to separate the oil and water layers, removing the oil layer, and then adding a sufficient amount of degreasing agent to perform ultrasonic cleaning; removing the liquid in the mixture after ultrasonic cleaning, and then washing the remaining sand particles with boiling water, and filtering the sand particles washed with boiling water to remove water; drying the sand particles after the water is removed by filtration, cooling them to room temperature, and weighing them to determine the mass of the sand particles and thus determine the amount of sand; The sand removal rate is determined by the following formula: η=(m u / t u ) / (m o / t o +m u / t u ) Where, η is the sand removal rate, unit %; m u is the mass of sand in the sand settling fluid sample (g), t u is the sampling time of the sedimentation fluid sample (s), m o is the mass of sand in the overflow fluid sample (g), t o is the sampling time of overflow fluid sample (s).

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