A method of pelletizing small and micro seed clusters

Abstract

The application provides a kind of small micro seed granulation method, belongs to the field of agricultural technology, the method is as follows: adding hormone, fertilizer, bacteriostatic agent and water-retaining agent etc. in sodium alginate solution, then put small micro seeds into it, stir uniformly, form a mixed solution;With the container of hole, the mixed solution containing small micro seeds is dropped into calcium chloride solution one by one to carry out ion reaction, form gel small group of particles;Take out gel small group of particles, flush with tap water, terminate ion reaction;Wax coating.The application can effectively solve the problems such as sowing difficulty, long dormancy period and difficult germination of small micro seeds by carrying out seed granulation on small micro seeds. The small micro seeds are wrapped in a favorable micro environment, the composition is safe, the technology is simple, the precision and fixed point sowing of small micro seeds can be realized, strong seedlings are formed, and the yield is increased. The seed dormancy can be broken by granulation, the seed germination is rapid and uniform, the germination period is shortened, the loss can be reduced, the management is convenient, and the planting yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, specifically relating to a method for miniature seed agglomeration. Background Technology

[0002] Small-sized seeds face challenges such as difficulty in sowing, long dormancy periods, and germination difficulties. Sowing these seeds consumes a large amount of seeds due to their small size, increasing the difficulty of sowing, resulting in low germination rates, difficulty in forming strong seedlings, and compromised quality, leading to waste. Currently, technologies such as seed paper, seed rope, seed pelleting, and seed coating have emerged in the market, but they all have certain limitations, such as high cost, difficult operation, and unsafe or environmentally unfriendly ingredients.

[0003] Seed pelleting is a specialized seed processing technique that involves thoroughly mixing medicinal materials that promote seed germination with auxiliary fillers that have no side effects on the seeds, then uniformly coating the seeds to create a spherical shape. However, for extremely small seeds, due to unreasonable formulations and immature technology, it suffers from poor adaptability, a narrow range of applications, and an inability to guarantee germination rates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for miniaturizing seeds into granules, which can effectively break seed dormancy, shorten the germination period, and improve the germination rate.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for miniature seed agglomeration includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Prepare sodium alginate solution and calcium chloride solution separately;

[0008] Step 2: Add hormones, fertilizers, antibacterial agents, and water-retaining agents to the sodium alginate solution, then add the micro-seeds and stir well to form a mixed solution;

[0009] Step 3: Using a perforated container, drop the mixed solution containing the micro-seeds drop by drop into the calcium chloride solution to carry out the ionic reaction and form gel particles;

[0010] Step 4: Remove the small gel particles, rinse with tap water to terminate the ionic reaction;

[0011] Step 5: Store at room temperature and sow within 1-3 days.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above method, in step one, the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 1%-3%; and the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1%-2%.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above method, in step two, the hormone is 0.1-0.3 mg / L of IBA and 0-5 mg / L of GA; the fertilizer is 5-10 g / L of ammonium nitrate; the antibacterial agent is 50-150 μL of 80% allicin; and the water-retaining agent is 1-4 g / L of highly absorbent resin powder. Furthermore, a herbicide is also added to the sodium alginate solution.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above method, in step three, the diameter of the gel particles is 2-7 mm.

[0015] As a further optimization of the above method, in step three, each gel agglomerate contains 5-7 microseeds.

[0016] As a further optimization of the above method, after the termination of the ionic reaction in step four, a wax coating step is also included. Furthermore, the wax coating operation is as follows: after melting paraffin wax, 1-10% activated carbon powder is added, mixed thoroughly, and the temperature is maintained near the melting point; the gel particles are then immersed in melted paraffin wax and quickly placed in cold water to form a thin wax layer on the outside of the gel particles.

[0017] This invention involves a wax coating process after the formation of gel agglomerates, which effectively reduces moisture loss. The addition of activated carbon during the wax coating process not only facilitates uniform mixing and increases practicality but also ensures a certain degree of air permeability while reducing moisture loss. Microseed agglomeration, by embedding microseeds within the gel to form gel agglomerates, creates a favorable microenvironment while increasing particle size and weight, facilitating sowing. The wax coating on the surface of the gel agglomerates forms an eggshell structure that is soft inside and hard outside. The permeability of the outer shell ensures the respiratory and metabolic activities of the microseeds, promoting germination and significantly improving the germination rate.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: This invention granulates microseeds, effectively solving problems such as sowing difficulties, long dormancy periods, and germination difficulties faced by microseeds in existing technologies. Using sodium alginate, calcium chloride, hormones, fertilizers, antibacterial agents, and water-retaining agents, the microseeds are encapsulated in a favorable microenvironment. The ingredients are safe, the technology is simple, and it enables precise, targeted sowing of microseeds, resulting in strong seedlings and increased yield. Granulation breaks seed dormancy, allowing for rapid and uniform germination, shortening the germination period, reducing losses, facilitating management, and thus increasing planting yield.

[0019] Advantages and functions of gel granulation:

[0020] 1. The increased volume of propagation material facilitates sowing operations, enabling methods such as spot sowing and saving on seed usage;

[0021] 2. Supply fertilizers, hormones, water-retaining agents, pesticides, etc., to promote seedling growth and strong seedlings;

[0022] 3. For deeply dormant seeds, it helps break dormancy. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the germination of white flower snake grass pellets (without wax coating). Detailed Implementation

[0024] A micro-seed granulation technology, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Prepare sodium alginate solution (1%-3%) and calcium chloride solution (1%-2%).

[0026] Step 2: Add appropriate amounts of hormones, fertilizers, antibacterial agents, and water-retaining agents to the sodium alginate solution: Hormones: IBA 0.1-0.3 mg / L, GA 0-5 mg / L; Fertilizer: Ammonium nitrate 5-10 g / L; Antibacterial agent: 80% allicin 50-150 ul / L; Water-retaining agent: Superabsorbent resin powder 1-4 g / L; Herbicide: Select the appropriate type and amount of herbicide according to the seeds.

[0027] Step 3: Place the micro-seeds into the sodium alginate solution and stir well;

[0028] Step 4: Using a perforated container, dropwise add the sodium alginate solution containing micro-seeds and various additives into the calcium chloride solution (the calcium chloride solution can be supplemented with water-soluble components of the same concentration as those in the sodium alginate solution) to allow for an ionic reaction. This process takes 0-10 minutes, forming small gel granules (2-7 mm in diameter, size depending on the size of the container's pores). The number of seeds in each granule can be adjusted as needed.

[0029] Step 5: Remove the small gel particles, rinse with tap water to terminate the ionic reaction;

[0030] Step 6: Store at room temperature and sow within 1-3 days;

[0031] Step 7, Waxing: Select paraffin wax with a melting point of 40-60℃, melt it, add 1-10% activated carbon powder, mix well, and maintain the temperature near the melting point. After soaking the seed gel granules in melted paraffin wax, quickly immerse them in cold water, and a thin wax layer will form on the outside of the granules. Repeating this process can thicken the wax layer.

[0032] This invention investigated the effect of uncoated and coated gel aggregates on water loss at room temperature, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0033] Table 1: Effect of wax coating on moisture loss at room temperature (weight loss rate %).

[0034] Shelf life 1 day 2 days 3 days 5 days 10 days 30 days 60 days No wax coating 1.21 3.33 5.59 17.01 35.50 100 - Wax coating 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.03% 0.05% 0.10% 0.15% Wax coating + 8% activated carbon 0.02% 0.04% 0.07% 0.12% 0.21% 1.57% 3.95%

[0035] Note: The diameter of the aggregates is 3-5mm.

[0036] As shown in Table 1 above, without wax coating, moisture loss was severe, reaching 100% after 30 days. However, after wax coating, the weight loss rate decreased significantly, indicating that the wax layer improved airtightness and reduced moisture loss. Adding 8% activated carbon during the wax coating process significantly reduced the weight loss rate compared to without wax coating; however, compared to wax coating without activated carbon, the weight loss rate increased slightly, indicating that the wax layer with activated carbon had some air permeability. Practice also proved that an activated carbon addition range of 1-10% had the best effect on the germination rate of small seeds within the wax layer.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The seeds of Hedyotis diffusa with a diameter of 0.2-0.3 mm were granulated, with the concentration of sodium alginate solution being 1% and the concentration of CaCl2 solution being 1%. The sodium alginate solution was further supplemented with: IBA 0.2 mg / L, GA 2 mg / L, ammonium nitrate 8 g / L, 80% ethoxylate 100 μL / L, and superabsorbent resin powder 4 g / L.

[0039] Table 2: Germination test of filter paper in laboratory for Hedyotis diffusa.

[0040]

[0041] The control group consisted of unencapsulated seeds, which germinated in 4 days, and the germination rate was 71% after 7 days.

[0042] Table 3: Results of field germination and seedling emergence test of Hedyotis diffusa.

[0043]

[0044] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments should be understood as illustrative, not as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims. For those skilled in the art, some non-essential improvements and adjustments made to this invention without departing from the essence and scope of this invention still fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of pelletizing small micro-seed clusters, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Step one, respectively prepare sodium alginate solution and calcium chloride solution; Step two, add hormones, fertilizers, bacteriostatic agents and water-retaining agents into the sodium alginate solution, then put the small seeds into the solution, stir uniformly to form a mixed solution; Step three, use a container with holes to drop the mixed solution containing the small seeds into the calcium chloride solution one by one to carry out ion reaction and form gel small particles; the diameter of the gel small particles is 2-7 mm; Step four, take out the gel small particles, wash with tap water to terminate the ion reaction, then carry out wax coating; the operation of wax coating is as follows: after dissolving the paraffin, add 1-10% activated carbon powder, mix uniformly, and maintain the temperature near the melting point; after immersing the gel small particles in the melted paraffin, quickly put them into cold water to form a thin wax layer outside the gel small particles, thus forming an eggshell structure with soft inside, hard outside and air-permeable shell; Step five, store at room temperature and use for sowing within 1-3 days.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step one, the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 1%-3%; the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1%-2%.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step two, the hormones are 0.1-0.3 mg / L IBA and 0-5 mg / L GA; the fertilizer is 5-10 g / L ammonium nitrate; the bacteriostatic agent is 50-150 ul / L 80% ethylicin; and the water-retaining agent is 1-4 g / L superabsorbent resin powder.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The sodium alginate solution further contains herbicides.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step three, each gel small particle contains 5-7 small seeds.

Images