A field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality improver, its application method and method.

Abstract

This invention proposes a field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent, its application method, and its application, belonging to the field of tobacco planting technology. The preparation process of the field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent is as follows: polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin are mixed, water is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent. The concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent is 30-90 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose is 6-10 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin is 80-120 mg / L. Applying the enhancement and quality-improving agent of this invention to the roots of tobacco plants during seedling transplanting and nitrogen fertilization can effectively promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by tobacco plants, enhance photosynthesis, and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. The preparation process of the enhancement and quality-improving agent of this invention is simple, the component ratio is reasonable, it is easy to implement, it does not damage tobacco plants, saves labor, is low in cost, and is safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting technology, and in particular relates to a field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improvement agent and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth, and the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer has caused increasingly serious environmental and ecological problems. Unlike major food crops, tobacco is harvested by its leaves, and yield and quality are the two decisive factors for maximizing the economic benefits of tobacco production. Leaf yield and quality are positively and negatively regulated by nitrogen fertilizer application. Nitrogen is the most important nutrient element regulating the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco and its yield / quality formation, significantly impacting the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Insufficient nitrogen supply leads to reduced tobacco leaf yield and poor quality. Tobacco production is clearly dependent on nitrogen fertilizers, but currently there are problems of excessive nitrogen fertilizer use and low nitrogen utilization rates. This not only adversely affects tobacco leaf growth but also causes nitrogen loss, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0003] Current research on promoting nitrogen utilization in tobacco leaves mainly focuses on soil fertility, irrigation management, application methods, and crop rotation. Some studies use foliar synergists to enhance nitrogen absorption and utilization, but this is cumbersome, labor-intensive, time-consuming, and costly. Therefore, improving nitrogen utilization and reducing nitrogen fertilizer use are urgent problems to be solved in tobacco production during field cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent, along with its application method and method. The agent is applied to the roots during tobacco seedling transplanting and nitrogen fertilization to ensure nutrient absorption by the tobacco plant roots, promoting normal plant growth. Simultaneously, it promotes the accumulation of nutrients and the formation of aroma compounds in tobacco leaves, thereby enhancing the quality of the tobacco leaves.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing a field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improving agent is obtained by mixing polyaspartic acid, trehalose and chitin, adding water and stirring evenly.

[0007] Furthermore, the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent is 30–90 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose is 6–10 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin is 80–120 mg / L.

[0008] Furthermore, the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent is 60 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose is 8 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin is 100 mg / L.

[0009] The present invention also proposes a field-enhancing and quality-improving agent for flue-cured tobacco prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0010] The enhancing and improving agent of this invention contains polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin:

[0011] Polyaspartic acid is a non-toxic, harmless, pollution-free, and fully biodegradable environmentally friendly polymer. It has strong dispersing, chelating, and adsorption properties, which can enrich N, P, K and trace elements near the roots of tobacco plants, thereby playing a role in slow release, promoting the absorption of tobacco plants, improving fertilizer utilization efficiency, and reducing farmland pollution caused by nutrient loss.

[0012] Trehalose is a chemically stable, non-reducing disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked by an α,α-1,1 glycosidic bond. It is widely found in bacteria, fungi, and invertebrates, and exhibits non-specific protective effects against various bioactive substances. It plays a crucial role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses such as nutrient deficiency and drought. This invention demonstrates that applying trehalose can enhance tobacco plants' tolerance to various environmental stresses. Trehalose significantly impacts leaf development, chloroplast structure, and especially the development of photosynthetic pigments and other components of the plant's photosynthetic system, thereby improving the disease resistance, yield, and quality of tobacco plants.

[0013] Chitosan is a natural aminopolysaccharide polymer that, once in the soil, can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, fiber-decomposing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and actinomycetes, while inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria such as molds and filamentous fungi. It can effectively improve the soil, enhance the living environment of tobacco plants, and has a good root-promoting and root-protecting effect. As a new type of organic fertilizer, it can significantly increase the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops and improve crop quality.

[0014] Polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin work synergistically to promote nitrogen absorption and utilization in tobacco plants and improve photosynthesis. Sugar levels are directly related to cellular energy status; sugars are not only substrates for intermediate metabolism but also signaling molecules linking carbon metabolism to plant growth and development. Trehalose is one of the three main sugars involved in sugar signal transduction in plants, and chitin is a natural aminopolysaccharide polymer. Both provide sufficient energy for nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants. Chitin also promotes the increase of beneficial soil microorganisms, accelerating the mineralization and decomposition of organic matter in the soil into nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements. Polyaspartic acid can chelate and adsorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements, thereby improving nitrogen utilization. The synergistic effect of these three substances promotes carbon-nitrogen balance in flue-cured tobacco growth and improves nitrogen utilization.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a method for using the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improvement agent, wherein the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improvement agent is injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings during transplanting and topdressing with nitrogen fertilizer.

[0016] Furthermore, the dosage of the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent for root irrigation is 0.3–0.6 L / plant each time.

[0017] Furthermore, the dosage of the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent for root irrigation is 0.5L / plant each time.

[0018] This invention also proposes the application of the aforementioned field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent in promoting nitrogen absorption and utilization in tobacco plants and improving photosynthesis in tobacco leaves.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: (1) The synergist and quality improver prepared by the present invention has the effect of improving nitrogen utilization rate. It can avoid excessive nitrogen absorption by tobacco plants by reducing nitrogen application and by controlling the topping and leaf retention in the later stage, appropriately increasing the number of leaves, so as to rationally distribute nitrogen and avoid the tobacco leaves from being too green and maturing late.

[0020] The polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin used in this invention work synergistically to promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by tobacco plants, thereby improving the quality of tobacco leaves. Trehalose and chitin, as carbon sources, possess biological activity and can promote carbon metabolism in tobacco plants. Carbon and nitrogen metabolism in plants are interconnected; nitrogen assimilation requires energy and a framework provided by carbon metabolism. The addition of polyaspartic acid not only chelates metal ions in the soil but also, as an amino acid, participates in the nitrogen metabolism process, promoting the absorption of NO from the environment by tobacco plants. 3- Or NH 4+ After a series of reactions within the body, it synthesizes nitrogen-containing organic compounds such as amino acids and proteins that it needs. The interaction of these three components can promote carbon-nitrogen balance, which not only promotes the accumulation of dry matter and the increase of biomass, but also, since amino acids are indirect precursors of tobacco aroma substances, can promote the formation of aroma substances in flue-cured tobacco leaves and improve the smoking quality of tobacco leaves.

[0021] (2) The present invention prepares a quality enhancer by compounding polyaspartic acid, trehalose and chitin. The quality enhancer is applied to the roots of tobacco plants when transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer. The quality enhancer can promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by tobacco plants, enhance the photosynthesis of tobacco leaves, and promote the accumulation of nutrients and the formation of aroma substances in tobacco leaves, thereby improving the quality of tobacco leaves and promoting the improvement of tobacco leaf quality.

[0022] (3) The preparation process of the synergist and quality improver of the present invention is simple, the composition ratio is reasonable, it is easy to implement, it does not damage the tobacco plants, saves labor, is low in cost, and is safe and reliable. It can effectively promote the utilization of nitrogen by flue-cured tobacco plants and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0025] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0026] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0027] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0028] The polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin used in the embodiments of this invention were all purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin were mixed with water and stirred until the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent was 30 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose was 6 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin was 80 mg / L, thus obtaining the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin were mixed with water and stirred until the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent was 60 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose was 8 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin was 100 mg / L, thus obtaining the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] Polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitin were mixed with water and stirred until the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent was 90 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose was 10 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin was 120 mg / L, thus obtaining the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] Clear water.

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] Trehalose and chitin were mixed, water was added, and the mixture was stirred until the concentration of trehalose in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent was 8 mmol / L and the concentration of chitin was 100 mg / L.

[0040] Comparative Example 3

[0041] Polyaspartic acid and chitin were mixed, water was added, and the mixture was stirred evenly to make the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent 60 mg / L and the concentration of chitin 100 mg / L, thus obtaining the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent.

[0042] Comparative Example 4

[0043] Polyaspartic acid and trehalose were mixed, water was added, and the mixture was stirred evenly to make the concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent 60 mg / L and the concentration of trehalose 8 mmol / L, thus obtaining the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent.

[0044] Application Examples 1-9 all involved tobacco seedling planting in Eryuan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The variety was Honghua Dajinyuan, and the transplanting date was May 14, 2022. The planting density was 1200 plants / mu. Three days before transplanting, 100 kg / mu of solid organic fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer, followed by three top dressings totaling 50 kg / mu of nitrogen-containing liquid organic fertilizer, applied 7, 15, and 30 days after transplanting. The nitrogen content ratio of base fertilizer to top dressing was 4:6, with a total nitrogen application of 5 kg / mu. The solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer were produced by Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd. and Dali Erhai Bio-fertilizer Co., Ltd., respectively.

[0045] Application Example 1

[0046] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improving agent prepared in Example 1 is injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The amount of root irrigation is 0.5L / plant each time.

[0047] Application Example 2

[0048] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improving agent prepared in Example 2 was injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The amount of root irrigation was 0.5L / plant each time.

[0049] Application Example 3

[0050] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improving agent prepared in Example 3 was injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The amount of root irrigation was 0.5L / plant each time.

[0051] Application Example 4

[0052] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improving agent prepared in Example 2 was injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The amount of root irrigation was 0.3L / plant each time.

[0053] Application Example 5

[0054] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improving agent prepared in Example 2 was injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The amount of root irrigation was 0.6L / plant each time.

[0055] Application Example 6

[0056] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, irrigate the roots of the seedlings with clean water at a rate of 0.5L per seedling each time.

[0057] Application Example 7

[0058] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent prepared in Comparative Example 2 was injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The amount of root irrigation was 0.5L / plant each time.

[0059] Application Example 8

[0060] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, inject the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent prepared in Comparative Example 3 into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The dosage for root irrigation is 0.5L / plant each time.

[0061] Application Example 9

[0062] When transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality improvement agent prepared in Comparative Example 4 was injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The dosage for root irrigation was 0.5L / plant each time.

[0063] I. Nitrogen utilization rate determination

[0064] Seventy days after transplanting, three tobacco plants from Examples 1 to 9 were randomly selected, and their roots, stems, and leaves were blanched, dried, weighed, and the total nitrogen content was determined. The nitrogen utilization rate was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Nitrogen utilization rate of tobacco plants

[0066] deal with Nitrogen utilization rate (%) Application Example 1 33.08 Application Example 2 36.73 Application Example 3 36.40 Application Example 4 32.68 Application Example 5 34.91 Application Example 6 30.65 Application Example 7 30.95 Application Example 8 31.83 Application Example 9 31.99

[0067] As can be seen from Table 1, the nitrogen utilization rate of tobacco plants treated with Examples 6 to 9 was relatively low, while the nitrogen absorption and utilization of tobacco plants treated with Examples 1 to 5 was improved, resulting in a higher nitrogen utilization rate.

[0068] II. Tobacco Plant Quality Measurement

[0069] Sixty days after transplanting, ten tobacco plants from Examples 1 to 9 were randomly selected, and their agronomic traits were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2 Agronomic traits of tobacco plants

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Table 2 shows that the tobacco plants treated with Examples 6-9 had smaller plant height, stem circumference, internode distance, leaf length, and leaf width, indicating poorer agronomic traits. The tobacco plants treated with Examples 1-5 showed improved growth and development, and better agronomic traits. Examples 2, 4, and 5 show that, for the same concentration of synergist and quality improver, an application rate of 0.5 L / plant yielded the best promoting effect on agronomic traits. Examples 2 and 7-9 show that reducing the addition of polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitosan weakened the promoting effect on agronomic traits, indicating that all three raw materials are indispensable.

[0074] After the flue-cured tobacco matured, tobacco leaves from Examples 1 to 9 were selected, the weight of the flue-cured tobacco leaves was counted, and the leaves were graded according to the local purchase standards. The theoretical yield, output value, average price, and proportion of medium and high grade tobacco were calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0075] Table 3 Economic Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco

[0076]

[0077] Table 3 shows that the tobacco plants treated with Examples 6-9 had lower yields, average prices, output values, and the proportion of medium-to-high grade tobacco, indicating poor plant growth and development, which in turn led to lower yields and average prices. The tobacco plants treated with Examples 1-5 showed better growth and development, with significantly increased yields and output values. Examples 2, 4, and 5 show that, for the same concentration of synergistic and quality-enhancing agents, an application rate of 0.5 L / plant yielded the best promoting effect on the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco. Examples 2 and 7-9 show that reducing the addition of polyaspartic acid, trehalose, and chitosan weakened the promoting effect on the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco, indicating that all three raw materials are indispensable.

[0078] The tobacco leaves from Examples 1-9 were destemmed, shredded, and rolled into single-material tobacco. The tobacco evaluation experts conducted a quantitative evaluation based on a 9-point scale (see Table 4), and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0079] Table 4. 9-point evaluation criteria

[0080]

[0081] Table 5 Sensory Quality Scores of Flue-cured Tobacco

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 5, the scores of each sensory quality index were low in the treatment of Examples 6 to 9. After treatment in Examples 1 to 5, the scores of each index were improved overall. This shows that the quality-enhancing agent prepared in the embodiments of the present invention can improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves.

[0085] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The application of a field-applied tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent in promoting nitrogen absorption and utilization in tobacco plants and enhancing photosynthesis in tobacco leaves, characterized in that... The preparation method of the field-applied flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent includes the following steps: Polyaspartic acid, trehalose and chitin were mixed and then water was added. The mixture was stirred evenly to obtain the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent. The concentration of polyaspartic acid in the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement agent is 30-90 mg / L, the concentration of trehalose is 6-10 mmol / L, and the concentration of chitin is 80-120 mg / L. The method of using the field flue-cured tobacco efficiency enhancer and quality improver is as follows: when transplanting tobacco seedlings and applying nitrogen fertilizer, the field flue-cured tobacco efficiency enhancer and quality improver is injected into the roots of the tobacco seedlings. The dosage of the field flue-cured tobacco efficiency enhancer and quality improver for root irrigation is 0.3-0.6L / plant each time.

2. The application of the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent according to claim 1 in promoting nitrogen absorption and utilization in tobacco plants and improving photosynthesis in tobacco leaves, characterized in that, The field-enhanced tobacco quality and efficiency improver contains polyaspartic acid at a concentration of 60 mg / L, trehalose at a concentration of 8 mmol / L, and chitin at a concentration of 100 mg / L.

3. The application of the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent according to claim 1 in promoting nitrogen absorption and utilization in tobacco plants and improving photosynthesis in tobacco leaves, characterized in that, The dosage of the field flue-cured tobacco enhancement and quality-improving agent is 0.5L / plant per irrigation.

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