A distributed spring damper
By setting up upper and lower spring groups and a split outer cylinder structure on the upper and lower layers of the mass block, the problem of the inconsistency between the first-order vibration mode of the spring vibration absorber and the axial vibration absorption direction is solved, improving the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect and space utilization, and realizing the tracking of the external excitation frequency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA STATE SHIPBUILDING CORP LTD RESEARCH INSTITUTE 719
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing spring vibration absorbers have poor axial energy absorption and vibration reduction effects because the first-order vibration mode is inconsistent with the designed vibration absorption direction, and the number of springs is limited, making it difficult to achieve large lateral stiffness.
Design a distributed spring vibration absorber by setting upper and lower spring groups on the upper and lower layers of the mass block and adopting a split outer cylinder structure to increase radial stiffness, so that the low-order modes are consistent with the axial vibration absorption direction. At the same time, the effective mass can be adjusted by adjusting the mass block to track the external excitation frequency.
It improves the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber, has a compact structure, high space utilization, and dense spring arrangement, which can effectively track the external excitation frequency and achieve optimal energy absorption and vibration reduction.
Smart Images
Figure CN116906482B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control technology, and specifically relates to a distributed spring vibration absorber. Background Technology
[0002] The working principle of a vibration absorber is to consume the vibration energy of the equipment by amplifying its own resonance. In reality, the equipment to be vibration-damped always has multi-directional vibrations at the same time, so the vibration absorber can be excited in various directions, and the lower the frequency of the vibration absorber, the easier it is to excite the mode.
[0003] Since the radial stiffness of most springs is significantly less than their axial stiffness, the radial (lateral) natural frequency of the spring vibration absorber is lower than its axial natural frequency. Therefore, existing spring vibration absorbers often suffer from the problem that their first-order vibration mode is radial, while the designed absorption direction is axial, resulting in poor energy absorption and vibration reduction performance. To improve the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect of spring vibration absorbers, a large lateral stiffness should be achieved. The invention application with publication number CN112576690 A, entitled "A High-Stability Vibration Absorber," describes a method that involves providing three or more through holes along the circumferential direction on the end face of a cylindrical mass assembly. Each through hole houses a spring assembly, and each spring assembly includes a guide rod, a positioning cylinder, a spring, a positioning pin, a positioning nut, and fasteners. The components are assembled onto the guide rod in the following order: positioning cylinder, spring, mass block, spring, positioning cylinder, and positioning nut. This solution improves the axial vibration absorption effect of the spring vibration absorber to some extent. However, since the spring is sleeved on the guide rod, it requires a large inner diameter, which reduces the number of springs that can be arranged in a spring vibration absorber of a given size. Therefore, this solution still struggles to achieve high lateral stiffness in the spring vibration absorber, resulting in the axial energy absorption and vibration reduction effect of the spring vibration absorber still needing improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a distributed spring vibration absorber, which solves the technical problem of the inconsistency between the first-order vibration mode and the designed vibration absorption direction of the traditional spring vibration absorber, and improves the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber.
[0005] The distributed spring vibration absorber adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A distributed spring vibration absorber includes a mass block, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an upper spring assembly, a lower spring assembly, and an outer cylinder;
[0007] The mass block is cylindrical;
[0008] The upper cover plate is placed over the upper end of the mass block;
[0009] The upper spring assembly includes multiple springs that are compressed and preloaded between the upper cover plate and the mass block;
[0010] The lower cover plate is disposed on the lower end of the mass block;
[0011] The lower spring assembly includes multiple springs that are compressed and preloaded between the lower cover plate and the mass block;
[0012] The outer cylinder is sleeved outside the mass block, and the upper end face of the outer cylinder is detachably connected to the upper cover plate, and the lower end face is detachably connected to the lower cover plate.
[0013] The axial direction of the mass block is the vibration absorption direction.
[0014] Furthermore, a through hole is provided in the middle of the upper cover plate;
[0015] An adjusting mass block is coaxially arranged on the upper end face of the mass block;
[0016] One end of the adjustable mass block is detachably connected to the top of the mass block, and the other end extends upward through the through hole.
[0017] Furthermore, the adjusting mass block includes multiple circular mass plates stacked along the axial direction of the mass block.
[0018] Furthermore, the upper end face of the mass block is coaxially provided with an upper cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than that of the mass block;
[0019] The bottom end of the adjusting mass block is detachably connected to the top end of the upper cylindrical boss.
[0020] Furthermore, the lower end face of the mass block is coaxially provided with a lower cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than that of the mass block.
[0021] Furthermore, the outer cylinder includes a first half-cylinder and a second half-cylinder;
[0022] The upper end faces of the first half-cylinder and the second half-cylinder are detachably connected to the upper cover plate, and the lower end faces of the first half-cylinder and the second half-cylinder are detachably connected to the lower cover plate.
[0023] Furthermore, the lower end face of the lower cover plate is coaxially provided with a connection structure for connecting to the device to be vibration damped;
[0024] The connection structure is provided with external threads.
[0025] Furthermore, the connecting structure is also provided with a polygonal prism structure.
[0026] Furthermore, the upper end face of the mass block is provided with a plurality of first limiting structures along the circumferential direction, and the lower end face is provided with a plurality of second limiting structures along the circumferential direction.
[0027] The lower end face of the upper cover plate is provided with a third limiting structure that corresponds one-to-one with the first limiting structure;
[0028] The upper end face of the lower cover plate is provided with a fourth limiting structure that corresponds one-to-one with the second limiting structure;
[0029] The two ends of the spring in the upper spring assembly are compressed and pre-tightened between the lower end face of the upper cover plate and the upper end face of the mass block by the first limiting structure and the third limiting structure, respectively.
[0030] The two ends of the spring in the lower spring assembly are compressed and pre-tightened between the upper end face of the lower cover plate and the lower end face of the mass block by the second limiting structure and the fourth limiting structure, respectively.
[0031] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a countersunk hole.
[0032] Beneficial effects:
[0033] 1. The mass block is cylindrical, with an upper cover plate covering the upper end of the mass block. The upper spring assembly includes multiple springs compressed and preloaded between the lower end face of the upper cover plate and the upper end face of the mass block. The lower cover plate covers the lower end of the mass block. The lower spring assembly includes multiple springs compressed and preloaded between the upper end face of the lower cover plate and the lower end face of the mass block. The outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the mass block, with its upper end face detachably connected to the upper cover plate and its lower end face detachably connected to the lower cover plate.
[0034] Thus, by using a two-layer spring design, the radial stiffness of the vibration absorber is greater than its axial stiffness. This also ensures that the lower-order modes of the vibration absorber align with the designed absorption direction, both along the spring's axis, thereby improving the energy absorption and vibration damping effect. Furthermore, the internal gaps of this vibration absorber exist only between the outer cylinder and the outer periphery of the mass block, and between the upper and lower cover plates and the upper and lower end faces of the mass block. These gaps are small, resulting in a compact structure and high space utilization. Additionally, the springs in the vibration absorber are not sleeved outside the guide rod, allowing for a very small inner diameter and thus a greater number of springs. The springs are not limited by the size, strength, or stiffness of the guide rod, and can be arranged very densely, solving the problem of high lateral stiffness in the vibration absorber.
[0035] 2. An adjusting mass block is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the mass block. One end of the adjusting mass block is detachably connected to the top of the mass block, and the other end extends upward through the middle through hole of the upper cover plate.
[0036] In this way, the effective mass of the vibration absorber can be adjusted by adjusting the mass block to track the external excitation frequency. When the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is equal to the external excitation frequency, the optimal energy absorption and vibration reduction effect can be achieved.
[0037] 3. The adjusting mass block consists of multiple circular mass plates stacked along the axial direction of the mass block. Thus, without removing the outer cylinder of the vibration absorber, the external excitation frequency can be tracked by increasing or decreasing the number of circular mass plates.
[0038] 4. The upper end face of the mass block is coaxially provided with an upper cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than that of the mass block, and the lower end face of the mass block is coaxially provided with a lower cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than that of the mass block. In this way, when the same mass block is required, the space between the upper cover plate and the upper end face of the mass block, and between the lower cover plate and the lower end face of the mass block are fully utilized, which can reduce the diameter and height of the mass block, reduce the internal gap of the vibration absorber, and improve the space utilization rate of the vibration absorber.
[0039] 5. The outer cylinder includes a first half-cylinder and a second half-cylinder. The upper ends of both the first and second half-cylinders are detachably connected to the upper cover plate, and the lower ends of both are detachably connected to the lower cover plate. Thus, by using two half-cylinder structures to form the outer cylinder, the upper and lower spring assemblies can be assembled first, followed by the outer cylinder, during the assembly process of the vibration absorber. This allows for better observation and assurance of the spring installation effect, improving the assembly quality of the vibration absorber.
[0040] 6. The polygonal prism structure set on the connecting structure makes it easy to use a wrench to engage the polygonal prism structure when connecting the vibration absorber to the device to be vibration-damped, thereby tightening the connecting structure to the device to be vibration-damped. Attached Figure Description
[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a distributed spring vibration absorber provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a distributed spring vibration absorber;
[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-mass block;
[0044] Wherein, 1-mass block, 101-first countersunk hole, 2-upper cover plate, 3-lower cover plate, 301-cylinder, 302-hexagonal prism structure, 4-spring assembly, 5-outer cylinder, 501-first half-cylinder, 502-second half-cylinder, 6-upper cylindrical boss, 7-adjusting mass block. Detailed Implementation
[0045] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0046] Reference Figures 1-3 A distributed spring vibration absorber includes a metal mass block 1, an upper cover plate 2, a lower cover plate 3, a spring assembly 4, and an outer cylinder 5, wherein:
[0047] Mass block 1 is cylindrical. Multiple first countersunk holes 101 are provided on the upper end face of mass block 1, which serve as the first limiting structure of the spring. Multiple second countersunk holes are provided on the lower end face, which serve as the second limiting structure of the spring.
[0048] The lower end face of the upper cover plate 2 is provided with a third countersunk hole corresponding to the first countersunk hole 101, which serves as the third limiting structure for the spring; the upper end face of the lower cover plate 3 is provided with a fourth countersunk hole corresponding to the second countersunk hole, which serves as the fourth limiting structure for the spring; the upper cover plate 2 is placed on the upper end of the mass block 1, and a compressed and pre-tightened upper spring is provided between each of the first countersunk holes 101 and the corresponding third countersunk hole, thereby forming an upper spring assembly; the first countersunk holes 101 and the third countersunk holes limit the two ends of the spring; the lower cover plate 3 is placed on the lower end of the mass block 1, and a compressed and pre-tightened lower spring is provided between each of the second countersunk holes and the corresponding fourth countersunk hole, thereby forming a lower spring assembly; the second countersunk holes and the fourth countersunk holes limit the two ends of the spring.
[0049] The outer cylinder 5 is a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom. The outer cylinder 5 is fitted around the mass block 1. The upper end face of the outer cylinder 5 is detachably connected to the upper cover plate 2, and the lower end face is detachably connected to the lower cover plate 3.
[0050] Thus, through the coaxial distributed design of the upper and lower spring groups, the radial stiffness of the springs is effectively increased, making the radial stiffness of the vibration absorber greater than its axial stiffness. This ensures that the low-order modes of the vibration absorber are aligned with the designed absorption direction, both along the axial direction of spring group 4 (including the upper and lower spring groups), thereby improving the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect of the damper. Furthermore, the internal gaps of this vibration absorber only exist between the outer cylinder 5 and the outer periphery of the mass block 1, and between the upper and lower cover plates and the upper and lower end faces of the mass block 1. These gaps are small, resulting in a compact structure and high space utilization. Additionally, the springs in this vibration absorber are not sleeved outside the guide rod, allowing for a smaller inner diameter and a greater number of springs. Since there is no guide rod, the springs are not limited by the size, strength, or stiffness of the guide rod, allowing for a very dense arrangement. This solves the problem of high lateral stiffness in the vibration absorber and improves the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect of the spring-loaded vibration absorber. It should be noted that the upper and lower spring assemblies in this vibration absorber are not restricted by coaxiality and can be arranged on the upper and lower end faces as needed, thereby flexibly adjusting the lateral stiffness of the spring vibration absorber.
[0051] Furthermore, a through hole is provided in the middle of the upper cover plate 2, and an adjusting mass block 7 is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the mass block 1. One end of the adjusting mass block 7 is detachably connected to the top of the mass block 1 (in this embodiment, it is a bolt connection), and the other end extends upward through the through hole. The adjusting mass block 7 can be integrally formed or assembled. Preferably, the adjusting mass block 7 includes multiple circular mass plates stacked along the axial direction of the mass block 1, and the stacked circular mass plates are connected by bolts. In this way, the effective mass of the vibration absorber can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting mass block 7 to achieve tracking of the external excitation frequency. When the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is equal to the external excitation frequency, the optimal energy absorption and vibration reduction effect can be achieved. Moreover, the tracking of the external excitation frequency can be achieved by increasing or decreasing the number of circular mass plates without removing the outer cylinder 5 of the vibration absorber.
[0052] In addition, in this embodiment, a cylinder 301 is coaxially provided on the lower end face of the lower cover plate 3 for connection with the device to be damped, serving as a connection structure. The outer periphery of the cylinder 301 is provided with threads, and a hexagonal prism structure 302 is provided on the outer periphery of one end of the cylinder 301 near the lower end face of the lower cover plate 3. In this way, the vibration absorber can be connected to a rotating device such as a water pump through the cylinder 301. Moreover, during connection, the hexagonal prism structure 302 can be engaged with a wrench, thereby facilitating the connection of the vibration absorber to the device to be damped.
[0053] As an improvement, an upper cylindrical boss 6 with a diameter smaller than that of the mass block 1 is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the mass block 1. The bottom end of the adjustable mass block 7 is detachably connected to the top end of the upper cylindrical boss 6 to achieve a detachable connection with the mass block 1. A lower cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than that of the mass block is coaxially provided on the lower end face of the mass block. Moreover, when the lower cover plate 3 vibrates up and down, the upper end face of the lower cover plate 3 does not contact the lower cylindrical boss. In this way, when the same mass block is required, the space between the upper cover plate 2 and the upper end face of the mass block 1, and between the lower cover plate 3 and the lower end face of the mass block 1 are fully utilized. This reduces the diameter and height of the mass block 1, reduces the internal gap of the vibration absorber, and improves the space utilization rate of the vibration absorber.
[0054] As a further improvement, the outer cylinder 5 includes a first half-cylinder 501 and a second half-cylinder 502. The upper end faces of the first half-cylinder 501 and the second half-cylinder 502 are detachably connected to the upper cover plate 2, and the lower end faces of the first half-cylinder 501 and the second half-cylinder 502 are detachably connected to the lower cover plate 3.
[0055] The outer cylinder 5 adopts a split-type structure, and the assembly can be carried out according to the following steps:
[0056] Step 1: Place the spring in the fourth countersunk hole on the upper end face of the lower cover plate 3 (the lower end of the spring abuts against the fourth countersunk hole), and then abut the second countersunk hole on the lower end face of the mass block 1 against the upper end of the spring.
[0057] Step 2: Place a spring in the first countersunk hole on the upper end face of the mass block 1 (the lower end of the spring abuts against the first countersunk hole), and then abut the third countersunk hole on the lower end face of the upper cover plate 2 against the upper end of the spring.
[0058] Step 3: Fix the upper end face of the first half-cylinder 501 to the upper cover plate with bolts, and fix the lower end face of the first half-cylinder 501 to the lower cover plate 3 with bolts.
[0059] Step 4: Secure the upper end face of the second half-cylinder 502 to the upper cover plate 2 with bolts, and secure the lower end face of the second half-cylinder 502 to the lower cover plate 3 with bolts.
[0060] If a single, integral outer sleeve 5 is used, the following steps should be followed during assembly:
[0061] Step 1: Place the spring in the fourth countersunk hole on the upper end face of the lower cover plate 3 (the lower end of the spring abuts against the fourth countersunk hole), and then abut the second countersunk hole on the lower end face of the mass block 1 against the upper end of the spring.
[0062] Step 2: Coaxially sleeve the outer cylinder 5 onto the outside of the mass block 1, and fix the lower end face of the outer cylinder 5 to the lower cover plate 3 with bolts;
[0063] Step 3: Place a spring in the first countersunk hole on the upper end face of the mass block 1 (the lower end of the spring abuts against the first countersunk hole 101), and then abut the third countersunk hole on the lower end face of the upper cover plate 2 against the upper end of the spring.
[0064] Step 4: Secure the upper end face of the outer cylinder 5 to the upper cover plate 2 with bolts.
[0065] By comparing the above assembly steps, it can be found that designing the outer cylinder 5 as two separate half-cylinder structures, compared to using an integral outer cylinder 5, allows the upper and lower spring groups to be assembled first, and then the outer cylinder 5 to be assembled during the assembly process of the vibration absorber. Therefore, it is possible to better observe and ensure the installation effect of the springs, and improve the assembly quality of the vibration absorber.
[0066] In addition, the entire structure of the vibration absorber of the present invention is made of metal, which makes the vibration absorber more resistant to high temperatures and has a wider range of applications.
[0067] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A distributed spring vibration absorber, characterized in that, It includes a mass block, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an upper spring assembly, a lower spring assembly, and an outer cylinder; The mass block is cylindrical, and an upper cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the mass block is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the mass block; a lower cylindrical boss with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the mass block is coaxially provided on the lower end face of the mass block. The upper cover plate is placed over the upper end of the mass block; The upper spring assembly includes multiple springs that are compressed and preloaded between the upper cover plate and the mass block; The lower cover plate is disposed on the lower end of the mass block; The lower spring assembly includes multiple springs that are compressed and preloaded between the lower cover plate and the mass block; The outer cylinder is sleeved outside the mass block, and the upper end face of the outer cylinder is detachably connected to the upper cover plate, and the lower end face is detachably connected to the lower cover plate. The axial direction of the mass block is the vibration absorption direction; the upper end face of the mass block is provided with a plurality of first countersunk holes along the circumferential direction, and the lower end face is provided with a plurality of second countersunk holes along the circumferential direction. The lower end face of the upper cover plate is provided with a third countersunk hole that corresponds one-to-one with the first countersunk hole; The upper end face of the lower cover plate is provided with a fourth countersunk hole that corresponds one-to-one with the second countersunk hole; The two ends of the springs in the upper spring assembly are compressed and pre-tightened between the lower end face of the upper cover plate and the upper end face of the mass block through the first countersunk hole and the third countersunk hole, respectively. The two ends of the spring in the lower spring assembly are compressed and pre-tightened between the upper end face of the lower cover plate and the lower end face of the mass block through the second countersunk hole and the fourth countersunk hole, respectively.
2. A distributed spring vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A through hole is provided in the middle of the upper cover plate; An adjusting mass block is coaxially arranged on the upper end face of the mass block; One end of the adjustable mass block is detachably connected to the top of the mass block, and the other end extends upward through the through hole.
3. A distributed spring vibration absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting mass block includes multiple circular mass plates stacked along the axial direction of the mass block.
4. A distributed spring vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom end of the adjusting mass block is detachably connected to the top end of the upper cylindrical boss.
5. A distributed spring vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder includes a first half-cylinder and a second half-cylinder; The upper end faces of the first half-cylinder and the second half-cylinder are detachably connected to the upper cover plate, and the lower end faces of the first half-cylinder and the second half-cylinder are detachably connected to the lower cover plate.
6. A distributed spring vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end face of the lower cover plate is coaxially provided with a connection structure for connecting to the device to be vibration damped; The connection structure is provided with external threads.
7. A distributed spring vibration absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting structure is also provided with a polygonal prism structure.