Construction method for gable of concrete-wood combination

Abstract

The application relates to a construction installation method of a concrete-wood combined eaves corner, which combines a wood structure eaves corner and a concrete structure eaves corner into an integral structure, compared with the prior art, the construction method adopts a wood structure form board as a bottom surface formwork of eaves corner pouring, solves the problem of secondary eaves corner imitation construction of traditional concrete pouring eaves corner, shortens a construction period, saves construction materials, and solves the problem of material selection difficulty of traditional wooden ancient buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for constructing and installing a concrete-wood composite corner bracket, belonging to the field of building technology. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese architectural culture boasts a long and unique history, characterized by beautiful shapes, rigorous structures, and a blend of grandeur and delicacy, solemnity and elegance. The term "antique-style architecture" officially originated in the 1950s, but its development and maturation were marked by mixed opinions in academic circles until the late 20th century, representing a bumpy and uneven process. While "antique-style architecture" is almost identical to ancient architecture, it has completely broken free from the constraints of specific forms. If one only understands it in terms of form, then blindly copying traditional architecture is inevitable, which also reflects a prejudice against the form of antique-style architecture. Therefore, a comprehensive and accurate description of "antique-style architecture" is the external expression of imitating the design of ancient buildings.

[0003] With the continuous upgrading of the modern construction industry, people's demand for antique-style buildings is increasing, and roof truss forms are diversifying. Structurally, the construction types of modern antique-style roof eaves are basically divided into wood structures, steel-wood composite structures, and concrete-wood structures. However, in reality, my country is paying more and more attention to the development of the environment and forest resources, and the use of traditional techniques and wood alone cannot meet the actual supply demand. Traditional methods have the following drawbacks: 1. Steel-wood structures require the pre-embedding of iron parts in the main concrete frame structure, followed by the installation of steel keels. Antique-style wood structures require cutting, processing, and assembly, which is a complicated process with a long construction period and the risk of settlement at the eaves. 2. Old-style concrete-wood composite eaves structures require first pouring the old eaves, and then connecting the new wood eaves with bolts and pre-embedded parts to create the overall structural shape. The process is complex, and the concrete eaves need to be re-polished to meet the appearance requirements after pouring. 3. When repairing the eaves of ancient buildings, it is difficult to match the paint color with the ancient building, which easily leads to color differences and poor repair results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for constructing and installing concrete-wood composite corner bracing, which has high construction efficiency and saves building materials.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for constructing and installing a concrete-wood composite corner bracket, wherein the concrete-wood composite corner bracket includes a wooden corner bracket and a concrete corner bracket, and the concrete corner bracket covers the upper surface of the wooden corner bracket;

[0006] S1. Reserved corner: Design the construction drawings of the antique building according to the construction requirements, make the roof main body pouring template of the antique building according to the construction drawings and set up scaffolding, reserve the corner construction area at the corner of the antique building, tie the roof panel reinforcement in the roof main body pouring template, reserve a section of the reinforcement in the corner construction area, and pour the roof main body of the antique building in the roof main body pouring template;

[0007] S2. Construction of Timber Structure Angle: Based on the construction drawings, construct the main angle, secondary angle, purlin, sheathing, and supporting purlins. The main angle and secondary angle are connected by mortise and tenon joints to form the main keel of the timber structure angle. Purlins are arranged in a fan shape on both sides of the main angle as required by the construction drawings. The sheathing is fully covered on the top surface of the purlins and the main angle. The sheathings arranged at the mortise and tenon joints of the main angle and secondary angle are inserted into the mortise and tenon joints. At this location, the bottom of the tender spur rests on top of the sheathing board. The spur and the sheathing board, and the sheathing board and the old spur are fixed with steel nails. A foot support is installed at the front 1 / 3 of the spur. The foot support is a wedge-shaped wooden board with the thicker end of the wedge extending out of the front of the spur. The sheathing board is fully covered on the tender spur and the foot support and fixed with steel nails to form the wooden structure's corner.

[0008] S3. Installation of corner support structure: According to the requirements of the construction drawings, install two semi-circular trusses at the corner of the wall. Use the leveling method to measure the installation height of the semi-circular trusses to ensure that there is space reserved between the bottom of the cast-in-place roof and the semi-circular trusses for installing the corner support, and the sheathing on the corner support is parallel to the casting template at the bottom of the cast-in-place roof.

[0009] S4. Installation of Timber Structure Angle: Before installation, a support frame is erected in the angle construction area. The timber structure angle is hoisted onto the support frame. A right-angle contact surface is made at the angle root where the old angle contacts the wall corner so that the old angle fits snugly against the wall corner. The side of the sheathing board on the old angle fits snugly against the side of the casting template at the bottom of the cast roof. The end of the purlin is fixed to the semi-circular truss with chemical bolts. Two sets of chemical bolts are installed on the main keel. One set of chemical bolts passes through the old angle, the new angle, and the sheathing board and is fixed to the steel plate on the sheathing board. The other set passes through the new angle and the sheathing board and is fixed to the steel plate on the sheathing board. The support height of the support frame is adjusted according to the construction drawings so that the upturn angle of the timber structure angle meets the construction requirements.

[0010] S5. Corner Casting Reinforcement Frame Binding: Install an eaves board at the eaves position of the wooden structure corner. The eaves board, the roof board, and the main roof structure form a casting template for the concrete structure corner. Bind a double-layer casting reinforcement frame inside the casting template. The double-layer casting reinforcement frame is connected to the slab reinforcement. Weld the steel plate to the upper double-layer casting reinforcement frame and lock the chemical bolts.

[0011] S6. Concrete corner casting: Casting work is carried out on the wooden corner to form the concrete corner.

[0012] The portion of the chemical bolt extending beyond the top surface of the concrete structure's corner is removed;

[0013] S7. Waterproofing layer construction: After the concrete structure's corner has reached the required strength, a waterproofing layer shall be laid on its surface.

[0014] On the waterproof layer, the roof tiles and bottom tiles of the antique-style building are laid. The surfaces of the roof tiles and bottom tiles are coated with protective paint, and the bottom surfaces of the wooden structure's corners are painted.

[0015] Furthermore, the waterproof layer includes a waterproof membrane, a wire mesh protective layer, and a waterproof coating. The waterproof membrane is laid on the top surface of the cast-in-place corner, the top of the waterproof membrane is covered with a wire mesh protective layer, and then a layer of waterproof coating is applied to the protective layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the portions of the two semicircular trusses extending out of the corner of the wall are fixed by mortise and tenon joints, and several wooden pads are provided between the semicircular trusses and the wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the netting truss and the support truss are coated with nitrocellulose lacquer to create an antique finish, and then anti-corrosion paint is sprayed onto the support truss.

[0018] Furthermore, before fabricating the wooden eaves, the sheathing is covered with a carbon fiber protective film.

[0019] Furthermore, before painting the bottom surface of the wooden structure's eaves, several different proportions of paint with the same or similar color to the ancient building are prepared. A relatively hidden area on the main body of the antique building is selected for color testing. Several paint test points are set at intervals in the area. The coating on the test points is removed to restore them to their original state. Different proportions of paint are applied to the test points respectively. After drying for a period of time, the paint applied to the test point with the color closest to the ancient building is selected as the paint for spraying the eaves.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By combining the wooden and concrete corner supports into a single structure, this construction method uses the wooden sheathing as the bottom template for corner support pouring, which solves the problem of secondary imitation corner support construction in traditional concrete corner support pouring, shortens the construction cycle, saves construction materials, and solves the problem of difficult material selection in traditional wooden ancient buildings.

[0021] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction and installation method of the concrete-wood composite gable end caps described in this application.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of a concrete-wood composite gable end shown in a preferred embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Structural diagram of the gable end of a medium-sized timber frame. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present application discloses a method for constructing and installing a concrete-wood composite corner bracket, which includes a wooden corner bracket 10 and a concrete corner bracket 20, with the concrete corner bracket 20 covering the upper surface of the wooden corner bracket 10.

[0027] S1. Reserved corner: Design the construction drawings of the antique building according to the construction requirements, make the roof main body pouring template and erect scaffolding according to the construction drawings, reserve the corner construction area at the corner of the antique building, tie the roof panel reinforcement inside the roof main body pouring template, reserve a section of reinforcement in the corner construction area, and pour the roof main body of the antique building inside the roof main body pouring template.

[0028] S2. Prefabrication of Timber Structure Angle 10: Based on the construction drawings, fabricate the main angle 11, secondary angle 12, wire mesh rafters 13, sheathing boards (not shown), and supporting purlins 14. The main angle 11 and secondary angle 12 are connected by mortise and tenon joints to form the main keel of the timber structure angle 10. As required by the construction drawings, the wire mesh rafters 13 are arranged in a fan shape on both sides of the main angle 11. Sheathing boards are fully laid on the top surface of the wire mesh rafters 13 and the main angle 11, arranged at the mortise and tenon joints of the main angle 11 and secondary angle 12. The sheath board is inserted into the mortise and tenon joint, and the bottom of the tender rafter 12 is pressed on the sheath board. The netting rafter 13 is fixed to the sheath board and the sheath board to the old rafter 11 with steel nails. The footing rafter 14 is installed at the front 1 / 3 of the netting rafter 13. The footing rafter 14 is a wedge-shaped wooden board. The thicker end of the wedge-shaped wooden board extends out of the front end of the netting rafter 13. Sheath boards are fully laid on the tender rafter 12 and the footing rafter 14 and fixed with steel nails to form the wooden structure corner 10.

[0029] S3. Installation of corner support structure: According to the requirements of the construction drawings, install two semi-circular trusses 15 at the corner of the wall. Use the leveling method to measure the installation height of the semi-circular trusses 15 to ensure that there is space reserved between the bottom of the cast roof and the semi-circular trusses 15 for installing the old trusses 11, and the sheathing on the old trusses 11 is parallel to the casting template at the bottom of the cast roof.

[0030] S4. Installation of the wooden structure eaves 10: Before installation, a support frame is erected in the eaves construction area. The wooden structure eaves 10 is hoisted onto the support frame. A right-angle contact surface is made at the eaves root where the old eaves 11 contacts the corner of the wall so that the old eaves 11 fits snugly against the corner of the wall. The side of the sheathing board on the old eaves 11 fits snugly against the side of the bottom of the cast-in-place template of the roof. The end of the purlin 13 is fixed to the semi-circular truss 15 with chemical bolts 17. Two sets of chemical bolts 17 are installed on the main keel. One set of chemical bolts 17 passes through the old eaves 11, the tender eaves 12 and the sheathing board and is fixed to the steel plate 18 on the sheathing board. The other set passes through the tender eaves 12 and the sheathing board and is fixed to the steel plate 18 on the sheathing board. The support height of the support frame is adjusted according to the construction drawings so that the upturn angle of the wooden structure eaves 10 meets the construction requirements.

[0031] S5. Casting Reinforcing Steel Frame Binding: Install the eaves board (not shown) at the eaves position of the wooden structure corner 10. The eaves board, the roof board and the main roof structure form a casting template for the concrete structure corner 20. Bind the double-layer casting reinforcing steel frame inside the casting template. The double-layer casting reinforcing steel frame is connected to the slab reinforcement. Weld the steel plate 18 to the upper double-layer casting reinforcing steel frame and lock it with chemical bolts 17.

[0032] S6. Concrete Structure Angle 20 Casting: Casting work is carried out on the wooden structure angle 10 to form the concrete structure angle 20.

[0033] Cut off the portion of chemical bolt 17 that protrudes from the top surface of the concrete structure's bevel angle 20;

[0034] S7. Waterproofing layer construction: After the concrete structure's 20° chamfered corner has reached the required strength, a waterproofing layer shall be laid on its surface.

[0035] The roof tiles and bottom tiles of the antique-style building are laid on the waterproof layer. The surface of the roof tiles and bottom tiles is coated with protective paint, and the bottom surface of the wooden structure's tenth angle is painted.

[0036] In this embodiment, a layer of black paint is applied to the surface of the top and bottom tiles for protection. After the construction of the tile roof is completed, the antique-style eaves and corner wooden structures are painted. The eaves boards are covered with "one layer of hemp and five layers of ash". The remaining parts are not covered with hemp. After all the above work is completed, the external scaffolding is dismantled.

[0037] To improve the waterproofing of the concrete-wood composite gable, in this embodiment, the waterproof layer includes a waterproof membrane, a wire mesh protective layer, and a waterproof coating. The waterproof membrane is laid on the top surface of the cast gable, covered with a wire mesh protective layer, and then a layer of waterproof coating is applied to the protective layer. The waterproof membrane is a 1.5mm thick polyethylene-polypropylene composite waterproof membrane, and the waterproof coating is a JS composite waterproof coating.

[0038] In order to reserve construction space for the external wall insulation layer and decorative layer, in this embodiment, the parts of the two semi-circular trusses 15 extending out of the corner of the wall are fixed by mortise and tenon joints, and several wooden blocks 16 are provided between the semi-circular trusses 15 and the wall.

[0039] To enhance the authenticity of the antique-style building, in this embodiment, the purlin 13 and the supporting purlin 14 are coated with nitrocellulose lacquer to create an aged appearance, and then anti-corrosion paint is sprayed onto the supporting purlin 14.

[0040] To prevent the wooden eaves 10 from getting damp or corroded by building materials during the construction of the concrete eaves 20, a carbon fiber protective film is wrapped around the sheathing before the wooden eaves are fabricated. During the construction of the concrete eaves 20, the carbon fiber protective film is wrapped around the perimeter of the sheathing to isolate the wooden eaves 10 from the concrete eaves 20, preventing direct contact between the concrete eaves 20 and the sheathing.

[0041] To further enhance the similarity between the paint color and the main body of the ancient building, several different paint ratios with the same or similar colors to the ancient building were prepared before painting the bottom surface of the wooden structure's corner. Color tests were conducted on relatively hidden areas of the main body of the replica ancient building. Several paint test sites were set up at intervals in the area, and the coating on the test sites was removed to restore them to their original state. Different paint ratios were then applied to the test sites, and the sites were allowed to dry for a period of time. The paint applied to the test point with the color closest to that of the ancient building was selected as the paint for spraying the corner.

[0042] In summary, this application combines the wooden and concrete corner supports into a single structure. Compared to existing technologies, this construction method uses wooden sheathing boards as the bottom template for corner support pouring, solving the problem of secondary imitation corner support construction in traditional concrete corner support pouring, shortening the construction cycle, saving construction materials, and solving the problem of difficult material selection in traditional wooden ancient buildings.

[0043] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing and installing a concrete-wood composite corner bracing, characterized in that, The concrete-wood composite corner bracket includes a wooden corner bracket and a concrete corner bracket, wherein the concrete corner bracket covers the upper surface of the wooden corner bracket; S1. Reserved corner: Design the construction drawings of the antique building according to the construction requirements, make the roof main body pouring template of the antique building according to the construction drawings and set up scaffolding, reserve the corner construction area at the corner of the antique building, tie the roof panel reinforcement in the roof main body pouring template, reserve a section of the reinforcement in the corner construction area, and pour the roof main body of the antique building in the roof main body pouring template; S2. Prefabrication of Timber Structure Angle: Based on the construction drawings, fabricate the main angle, secondary angle, purlin, sheathing, and supporting purlins. The main angle and secondary angle are connected by mortise and tenon joints to form the main keel of the timber structure angle. Purlins are arranged in a fan shape on both sides of the main angle as required by the construction drawings. The sheathing is fully covered on the top surface of the purlins and the main angle. The sheathings arranged at the mortise and tenon joints of the main angle and secondary angle are inserted into the mortise and tenon joints. At the joint, the bottom of the tender spur rests on top of the sheath board. The spur and the sheath board, and the sheath board and the old spur are fixed with steel nails. A foot support is installed at the front 1 / 3 of the spur. The foot support is a wedge-shaped wooden board with the thicker end of the wedge extending out of the front of the spur. The sheath board is fully covered on the tender spur and the foot support and fixed with steel nails to form the wooden structure's corner. S3. Installation of corner support structure: According to the requirements of the construction drawings, install two semi-circular trusses at the corner of the wall. Use the leveling method to measure the installation height of the semi-circular trusses to ensure that there is space reserved between the bottom of the cast-in-place roof and the semi-circular trusses for installing the corner supports, and the sheathing on the corner supports is parallel to the casting template at the bottom of the cast-in-place roof. S4. Installation of Timber Structure Angle: Before installation, a support frame is erected in the angle construction area. The timber structure angle is hoisted onto the support frame. A right-angle contact surface is made at the angle root where the old angle contacts the wall corner so that the old angle fits snugly against the wall corner. The side of the sheathing board on the old angle fits snugly against the side of the casting template at the bottom of the cast roof. The end of the purlin is fixed to the semi-circular truss with chemical bolts. Two sets of chemical bolts are installed on the main keel. One set of chemical bolts passes through the old angle, the new angle, and the sheathing board and is fixed to the steel plate on the sheathing board. The other set passes through the new angle and the sheathing board and is fixed to the steel plate on the sheathing board. The support height of the support frame is adjusted according to the construction drawings so that the upturn angle of the timber structure angle meets the construction requirements. S5. Casting Reinforcing Steel Frame Binding: Install an eaves board at the eaves position of the wooden structure corner. The eaves board, the roof board, and the main roof structure form a casting template for the concrete structure corner. Bind a double-layer casting reinforcing steel frame inside the casting template. The double-layer casting reinforcing steel frame is connected to the slab reinforcement. Weld the steel plate to the upper double-layer casting reinforcing steel frame and tighten the chemical bolts. S6. Concrete corner casting: Casting work is carried out on the wooden corner to form the concrete corner. The portion of the chemical bolt extending beyond the top surface of the concrete structure's corner is removed; S7. Waterproofing layer construction: After the concrete structure's corner has reached the required strength, a waterproofing layer shall be laid on its surface. On the waterproof layer, the roof tiles and bottom tiles of the antique-style building are laid. The surfaces of the roof tiles and bottom tiles are coated with protective paint, and the bottom surfaces of the wooden structure's corners are painted.

2. The method for constructing and installing the concrete-wood composite corner bracing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof layer includes a waterproof membrane, a wire mesh protective layer, and a waterproof coating. The waterproof membrane is laid on the top surface of the cast-in-place corner, and the top of the waterproof membrane is covered with a wire mesh protective layer. Then, a layer of waterproof coating is applied to the protective layer.

3. The method for constructing and installing the concrete-wood composite corner bracing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The portions of the two semicircular trusses extending out of the corner of the wall are fixed together by mortise and tenon joints, and several wooden pads are provided between the semicircular trusses and the wall.

4. The method for constructing and installing the concrete-wood composite corner bracing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The netting truss and the support truss are coated with nitrocellulose lacquer to give them an aged look, and then anti-corrosion paint is sprayed onto the support truss.

5. The method for constructing and installing a concrete-wood composite corner bracing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before fabricating the wooden eaves, the sheathing is covered with a carbon fiber protective film.

6. The method for constructing and installing the concrete-wood composite corner bracing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before painting the bottom surface of the wooden eaves, several different paint ratios with the same or similar color to the ancient building are prepared. A relatively hidden area on the main body of the antique building is selected for color testing. Several paint test points are set at intervals in the area. The coating of the test points is removed to restore them to their original state. Different paint ratios are applied to the test points respectively. After drying for a period of time, the paint applied to the test point with the color closest to the ancient building is selected as the paint for spraying the eaves.

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