Dust removal trolley for tunnel construction

Abstract

The application relates to the dust control technology field of tunnel construction stage construction operation, in particular to a dust removal trolley for tunnel construction, which comprises a trolley module, a purification module, a separation component module and an environmental parameter monitoring module. Through specific setting of the modules and matching setting of the materials of the purification module, the problems of filter material scaling and blockage are solved, the filter material ash removal frequency is reduced, and the system energy consumption is reduced. The setting of the device improves the operation efficiency, and the device is high in automation degree, high in dust removal efficiency, stable in performance, safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental control technology for tunnel construction operations, and relates to a dust removal trolley for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, processes such as blasting, muck removal, and shotcreting generate large amounts of toxic and harmful gases and dust, which are pollutants affecting the construction environment and the safety and health of workers. They are also a significant factor restricting the progress of on-site construction. According to on-site measurements, the dust concentration near the tunnel face after blasting reaches as high as 1600~2100 mg / m³. 3 As tunnel excavation depth increases, this problem becomes increasingly serious, directly affecting construction progress, quality, and safety. Taking effective measures to reduce dust concentration and improve the working environment at long tunnel construction sites is a necessary step in ensuring occupational safety and health. Currently, tunnel construction mainly uses forced ventilation systems, large local ventilation equipment to enhance airflow disturbance near the working face and dilute dust and toxic substance concentrations, or large mobile dust removal equipment to achieve local purification. However, as tunnel progress continues, long-distance ducts experience random and severe damage, resulting in ventilation and dust reduction effects lower than expected. In addition, existing dust removal vehicles have complex structures and large sizes, making it difficult to carry out dust removal activities simultaneously at all construction stages, resulting in high equipment idle rates and limited widespread use. Other filtration-type dust removal equipment, such as bag filters, is limited by the poor wear resistance and easy adhesion and clogging of filter media, making it difficult to apply to tunnel construction sites. To solve the problems related to dust collector filter media, sintered plastic plate (i.e., plastic sintered plate) filter components can be used to intercept and capture small particulate dust, offering advantages such as high dust removal efficiency, long service life, and low replacement frequency. Chinese invention patent publication CN112007428B discloses a composite sintered plastic plate, its preparation method, and a sintered plastic plate dust collector. The method modifies the sintered plastic plate with reinforcing materials to prevent cracking and damage during repeated backflushing. However, both this sintered plastic plate and traditional sintered plastic plate filters experience micropore clogging of the matrix with increased usage time. The moist, adhesive dust generated during tunnel shotcreting further reduces the lifespan of the dust collector filter element. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a dust control solution and equipment suitable for the entire construction process, and to improve the coating characteristics of the sintered plastic plate filter to ensure the original construction efficiency while improving the tunnel construction site environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a dust removal trolley for tunnel construction.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A dust removal trolley for tunnel construction includes a trolley module, a purification module, a separation component module, and an environmental parameter detection module.

[0006] The trolley module includes a frame, a lighting system, a control system, a power system, pulleys, and guide rails. The frame includes multiple horizontal plates, multiple vertical rods, and multiple reinforcing plates. The horizontal plates are respectively arranged horizontally on the top and sides of the vertical rods. The vertical rods are respectively fixedly connected to the horizontal plates. The reinforcing plates are arranged between the vertical rods and / or between the vertical rods and the horizontal plates to enhance the stability of the frame. The pulleys are located at the bottom of the vertical rods and / or at the bottom of the lowest horizontal plate. The guide rails are located below the pulleys, allowing the pulleys to slide on the guide rails. The lighting system is installed on the frame and is used to illuminate the area around the frame and inside the tunnel. The power system provides power support for the forward and backward movement of the frame. The control system is installed on the frame and includes a frequency converter control cabinet and an intelligent information control panel. The control system is used to control the various components of the trolley module, the purification module, and the environmental parameter detection module.

[0007] The purification module includes a sintered plastic plate dust collector, a pulse-jet cleaning component, a fan, and an air supply device. Multiple sintered plastic plate dust collectors are provided, each mounted on the horizontal plate. The pulse-jet cleaning component is used to perform pulse-jet cleaning of the sintered plastic plates within the dust collector. The fan is used to draw in the gas discharged from the dust collector. The air supply device provides a sufficient and stable air source for the pulse-jet cleaning component to perform pulse-jet cleaning.

[0008] The partition module includes a movable partition and a fixed partition; the fixed partition is vertically arranged and divides each horizontal plate and each sintered plate dust collector into two sections. The plane of the fixed partition is perpendicular to the plane of each horizontal plate. Except for the bottom, the fixed partition has an arc-shaped structure. The fixed partition divides the dust collection trolley used for tunnel construction into a dust collection area and a purification area. The movable partition is located outside the fixed partition and can extend outward along the arc-shaped part of the fixed partition.

[0009] The environmental parameter monitoring module includes one or more environmental monitoring sensors (preferably including a dust concentration sensor) for real-time monitoring of environmental parameters in the dust removal area and purification area, and transmitting the data to the control system.

[0010] Preferably, the sintered plate dust collector includes an upper chamber, a middle chamber, a tube sheet, an air inlet, a sintered plate, an air outlet, and a base bracket. The upper chamber is positioned above the middle chamber, and the tube sheet provides a horizontal separation between the upper and middle chambers. Multiple base brackets are provided, each with a filter cartridge insertion port at its top. The bottom of the tube sheet also has a filter cartridge insertion port. The sintered plate is vertically positioned within the middle chamber, with its top end interlocking with the filter cartridge insertion port on the tube sheet, and its bottom end interlocking with the base bracket. The filter cartridges are connected by inserts. Multiple sets of sintered plastic plates are provided. Each set of sintered plastic plates has an air inlet on its outer side. The air inlet is a serrated, side-mounted air inlet used to absorb dust-laden airflow. The air inlet end of the side-mounted air inlet faces the working face, and the air outlet end faces the sintered plastic plate. The air outlet is located at the side end of the upper housing. The air outlet is sealed and connected to the fan through a gas pipe. The fan draws gas through the air outlet, creating a negative pressure in the upper housing.

[0011] Preferably, the sintered plate is a W-shaped folded plate, which consists of a base layer, a primer layer, and a waterproof and dust-collecting layer from the inside out. The base layer is formed by spreading, compacting, and then sintering resin powder in a gradient manner. The resin material is one or a combination of two or more of polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, or polyimide. The primer layer is formed by mixing particulate powder, adhesive, and purified water evenly, adding dopamine hydrochloride, mixing into a liquid, and then spraying it onto the outside of the base layer. The particulate powder is one of silica, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyethylene powder. The adhesive is one or more of vinyl acetate, vinyl vinyl acetate, or acrylic synthetic resin, wherein the proportion of microparticle powder added is 25wt% to 35wt%, the proportion of adhesive added is 4-10wt%, the proportion of dopamine hydrochloride added is 0.15wt% to 0.2wt%, and the remaining component is purified water; the waterproof dust collection layer is formed by spraying organic particles after hydrolysis, acid removal, and polycondensation onto the outside of the base layer to form a cross-linked three-dimensional network structure, wherein the organic particles are one or more of methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, phenyltrichlorosilane, diphenyldichlorosilane, or methylphenyldichlorosilane.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the substrate layer is 40-60 mm; the thickness of the primer layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; and the thickness of the waterproof dust collection layer is 0.1-0.2 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the pulse-jet cleaning component includes an air pump 7, an air manifold 9, a pulse-jet pipe 17, an electromagnetic pulse valve, and a pulse controller. The air pump is located outside the sintered plate dust collector and on one side of the dust collection area. The air manifold is located on the outer wall of the sintered plate dust collector. The pulse-jet pipe faces the sintered plate. The air pump is connected to the air manifold through the electromagnetic pulse valve and the pulse controller. The air manifold is connected to the pulse-jet pipe. The electromagnetic pulse valve and the pulse controller are used to spray pulsed airflow into the pulse-jet pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the air supply device includes an air compressor, an air tank, a drying device, and an air purification device. The air compressor is used to compress air, and the compressed air is discharged into the air purification device for initial purification to filter out larger particles. The gas obtained after initial purification is discharged into the drying device to remove liquid water, and then passes through two air purifiers for subsequent filtration. Finally, the gas is discharged into the air tank of the pulse jet cleaning component through a pressure reducing valve to provide a sufficient and stable air source for the pulse jet cleaning component to perform pulse jet cleaning.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet is equipped with an air inlet screen; the fan is located on one side of the purification zone; the fixed partition has reserved air inlet holes for the tunnel ventilation duct; the power system is connected to the power supply inside the tunnel to supply power to the dust removal trolley used in tunnel construction; the control system is used to control the start and stop of the fan, and to control the frequency of the fan and adjust the air volume according to the signal fed back by the dust concentration sensor in the environmental monitoring sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the upper housing is provided with a top plate, which consists of a base plate and a sealing gasket bonded to the bottom of the base plate. The base plate is a steel structure and the sealing gasket is made of rubber. The top plate is detachably installed on the top of the upper housing.

[0017] Preferably, the fixed partition of the trolley module has a channel in the middle, and the air inlet is located on both sides of the channel; the trolley module is symmetrically arranged about the center of the tunnel, and six dust collectors are symmetrically installed on the platform.

[0018] Preferably, the partition module further includes a slide rail. The movable partition has an arc-shaped structure with multiple layers. The slide rail is provided between the fixed partition, the movable partition, and adjacent movable partitions. The movable partition can slide outward or inward along the radial direction of the arc-shaped part of the fixed partition on the plane of the fixed partition or on a plane parallel to the fixed partition. There is a partial overlap area between any two adjacent movable partitions. A high-density brush is provided on the outer circumference of the outermost movable partition, and the high-density brush is in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0019] During the movement of the trolley, the movable baffle is adjusted to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel protrusion, so that the dust-laden airflow will not leak, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0020] Preferably, multiple sets of sintered plates are provided, each set of sintered plates with a uniform cross-section. The set of sintered plates closest to the fan end has the lowest height. As the distance from the fan increases, the height of each set of sintered plates gradually increases. At the same time, as the distance from the fan increases, the total height of the corresponding air inlet also gradually increases. The sintered plates with uniform cross-sections are installed in a stepped manner in the middle box, so that the wind speed deviation at each point inside the sintered plate dust collector is less than 20%.

[0021] Furthermore, the control system can automatically adjust the air volume processed by the purification module based on the data transmitted by the monitoring sensors.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] This invention, by specifically configuring the various components of the dust removal trolley used in tunnel construction (such as the configuration of the frame and the configuration of the partition module), enables it to move freely within the tunnel and separates the dust removal operation area from the area after dust removal. Its operation is not affected by tunnel construction, thus ensuring the normal construction operation of the tunnel.

[0024] This invention significantly improves dust removal efficiency by specifically configuring the dust removal module and coordinating it with the separation component module and environmental parameter detection module. It also boasts stable performance, a high degree of automation, and greatly enhances economic benefits. Furthermore, because it operates in two zones, it is safe and reliable, rapidly improving the tunnel construction environment, ensuring air quality within the tunnel, and thus protecting the physical and mental health of construction workers.

[0025] This invention achieves intelligent control by specifically configuring the dust removal module, coordinating it with the overall configuration of the separation component module and the environmental parameter detection module, and monitoring the dust concentration in the tunnel in real time. Based on the data signals fed back by the dust concentration sensor, the invention performs periodic dust removal.

[0026] This invention addresses the issue of filter media scaling and clogging by specifically designing the structure of the sintered plastic plate dust collector, particularly by matching the layered structure of the sintered plastic plate to the application scenario of this invention. The surface of the sintered plastic plate filter material forms a self-cleaning coating, exhibiting strong moisture resistance, high strength, and high filtration efficiency. It can absorb slurry generated during spraying operations and is unaffected by the dryness or wetness of the dust-laden airflow. Moist and sticky dust can be quickly peeled off from the surface, solving problems such as filter media scaling and clogging, reducing the frequency of filter media cleaning, and lowering system energy consumption.

[0027] This invention employs a serrated lateral air inlet with the air outlet tilted towards the direction of incoming dust, thereby improving dust removal efficiency. By setting up sintered plastic plate assemblies with equal cross-sections and installing them in a stepped manner within the middle chamber, the cross-section of the upper chamber gradually increases from the distance from the air outlet, thus forming a variable cross-section fluid channel. This structure ensures that the wind speed deviation at each point in the upper chamber space is less than 20%, and that the wind pressure within each sintered plastic plate is balanced, which is conducive to the uniform entry of environmental dust into each sintered plastic plate and improves the uniformity of the flow field of the dust collector. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the dust removal trolley used in tunnel construction according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a rear view schematic diagram of the dust removal trolley used in tunnel construction according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a side view of the dust removal trolley used in tunnel construction according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the purification module of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sintered plastic plate of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a microscopic schematic diagram of the thin film structure on the surface of the sintered plate of the present invention.

[0034] In the attached diagram: 1-Frame; 2-Fixed partition; 3-Modible partition; 4-Air inlet through hole; 5-Pulley; 6-Environmental monitoring sensor; 7-Air pump; 8-Sintered plastic plate dust collector; 9-Air manifold; 10-Fan; 11-Air inlet; 12-Air outlet; 13-Gas pipe; 14-Air inlet screen; 15-Cathode plate; 16-Sintered plastic plate; 17-Pulse jet pipe; 18-Bottom bracket; 19-Top plate; 20-Middle chamber; 21-Upper chamber; 22-Central channel of sintered plastic plate inner cavity; 23-Sintered plastic plate surface; 24-Substrate layer; 25-Undercoating layer; 26-Waterproof dust collection layer. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. A dust removal trolley for tunnel construction includes: (1) a trolley module, which is consistent with the construction platform in the tunnel and is used to provide a movable base. The trolley module includes a platform, a lighting system, a control system, a power system, pulleys and guide rails, and can provide the necessary electricity and compressed gas for the purification device. (2) a purification module, which includes a plastic sintered plate dust collector, a jet cleaning component, a fan and an air supply device. (3) a partition module, which consists of a movable partition 3 and a fixed partition 2, used to fill the gap between the trolley module, the purification module and the inner wall of the tunnel, and to divide the device into two areas: a dust removal area and a purification area, blocking the dust-laden airflow from escaping from the gap in the non-treatment area. (4) an environmental parameter monitoring module, which consists of an environmental monitoring sensor 6, which can detect various environmental parameters in the tunnel in real time and transmit them to the control system to control the purification module to process parameters such as wind speed.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, pulleys 5 are installed at the bottom of the platform 1, allowing it to move freely along the guide rails in the tunnel direction, driven by a power system. A partition assembly is provided between the trolley module, the plastic-coated plate dust collector, and the tunnel wall. The partition assembly consists of a movable partition 3 and a fixed partition 2. The fixed partition 2 is fixed to the platform 1, and an air inlet hole 4 for the ventilation duct is pre-drilled on the fixed partition 2. The movable partition 3 is movably connected to the fixed partition 2, and a brush is installed at the other end of the movable partition, abutting against the inner wall of the tunnel. The movable partition can rotate or move radially relative to the fixed partition. Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from the perspective of the clean zone (rear view).

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a slide rail is mounted on the fixed partition, and the movable partition is installed on the slide rail, allowing radial movement relative to the fixed partition. There is partial overlap between any two adjacent movable partitions, preventing collisions due to area changes during radial movement. Based on this technical solution, the partition assembly can be folded and retracted when the dust removal trolley is moving or not in operation. As tunnel construction progresses, the position of the dust removal trolley relative to the tunnel face can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0039] This embodiment includes an air supply device (not shown in the figure), comprising an air compressor, an air tank, a drying device, and an air purification device. The air compressor is used to compress air, and the resulting compressed air is discharged into the air purification device for initial purification, filtering out larger particles. The gas obtained after initial purification is discharged into the drying device to remove liquid water, and then passes through two air purifiers for subsequent filtration. Finally, the gas is discharged into the air tank of the pulse jet cleaning component through a pressure reducing valve, providing a sufficient and stable air source for the pulse jet cleaning component to perform pulse jet cleaning.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, each set of plastic sintered plate dust collectors has a serrated side air inlet 11 near the reserved channel surface of the box body. The air inlet 11 is inclined towards the direction of dust coming from the working face, which facilitates the uniform entry of dust-laden airflow into the middle box body and increases the air intake per unit time. An air inlet screen 14 is installed at the air inlet 11 to prevent gravel from flying into the dust collector and to improve the uniformity of air intake. The air inlet screen 14 is snap-on installed at the air inlet and can be disassembled for cleaning.

[0041] like Figure 4 The purification module shown includes a middle housing 20, which contains multiple base brackets 18. Each base bracket 18 has a filter cartridge insertion port on its upper part. The filter cartridge insertion port is used to insert a filter cartridge composed of a sintered plastic plate 16. A perforated plate 15 is provided between the middle housing 20 and the upper housing 21. The perforated plate 15 also has a filter cartridge insertion port and is used to separate the middle housing 20 and the upper housing 21. The upper housing 21 is a negative pressure chamber. The upper end of the sintered plastic plate 16 is connected to the negative pressure chamber (upper housing 21). The air outlet 12 of the negative pressure chamber is sealed to the fan 10 through a gas pipe 13. In this embodiment, the fan 10 is an axial flow fan. During operation, the fan 10 is used to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber. The upper end of the upper housing is provided with a top plate 19. The top plate 19 consists of a base plate and a sealing gasket bonded to the bottom of the base plate. The base plate is a steel structure, and the sealing gasket is made of rubber. The top cover is a detachable structure, fixed to the upper part of the upper housing with bolts, facilitating the opening of the upper housing for inspection and maintenance. This structure of the top cover contributes to a better seal for the upper housing.

[0042] And such as Figure 4 As shown, the sintered plastic plates with equal cross-sections are divided into three groups and installed in the filter housing. The three groups of components are arranged according to the height difference to form a stepped structure. This structure can realize the size change of the upper housing cross-section gradually increasing from the distance from the air outlet to the air outlet, that is, forming a variable cross-section fluid channel. This structure ensures that the wind speed deviation at each point in the upper housing space is less than 20%, and the wind pressure in each sintered plastic plate is balanced, which is conducive to the uniform entry of environmental dust into each sintered plastic plate.

[0043] This embodiment uses a dust collector composed of 30 sintered plastic plates as an example. The specific setup described in this embodiment is followed, and internal airflow organization simulation is conducted to obtain data results such as the surface wind speed of each sintered plastic plate, as shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the simulation results of the surface wind speed uniformity of each sintered plastic plate.

[0044] Table 1

[0045]

[0046] The data in Table 1 show that the stepped installation of the sintered plate assembly within the middle chamber in this embodiment achieves a gradual increase in the cross-section of the upper chamber from the distance from the air outlet, thus forming a variable cross-section fluid channel. This structure ensures that the surface velocity deviation of each sintered plate inside the dust collector is less than 20%, and the air velocity inside the upper chamber is stable at around 1.5 m / s, improving the uniformity of the flow field in the dust collector and facilitating the uniform entry of external dust into each sintered plate.

[0047] like Figure 5 The sintered plate 16 in this embodiment is a microporous filter plate with a wavy shape (folded in a W-shape). When the dust-laden airflow passes through the outer surface of the sintered plate, the dust remains on the surface 23 of the sintered plate, and the clean gas enters the upper chamber 21 through the central channel 22 inside the sintered plate and is discharged through the outlet 12. As the filtered airflow increases, the dust on the surface of the sintered plate also increases, and the filtration resistance increases with the increase of dust. When the filtration resistance reaches a set threshold, the electromagnetic pulse valve is activated, and the blowpipe 17 blows away the dust accumulated on the surface in the form of pulsed airflow. The dust falls into the ash hopper (located at the bottom of the sintered plate).

[0048] like Figure 6 The diagram details the layered structure of the sintered plastic plate. The filter material of the sintered plastic plate includes a substrate layer 24 and a base coating layer 25 and a waterproof dust collection layer 26 disposed on the substrate layer 24 from the inside out. The substrate layer 24, the base coating layer 25, and the waterproof dust collection layer 26 are bonded together as a whole. The base coating layer 25 has high dispersibility, ensuring uniform coating and enhancing the bonding force between the substrate layer 24 and the base coating layer 25. After the sintered plastic plate is subjected to friction, the surface coating structure is not easy to fall off. The main material of the waterproof dust collection layer 26 is silicone resin, which itself undergoes cross-linking and accumulation to form a strong hydrophobic network protective layer, giving the sintered plastic plate 16 good waterproof and self-cleaning effect. Moist and sticky dust can be quickly peeled off from the surface.

[0049] The substrate layer 24 is the main body of the sintered plastic filter material. The resin material used is one or more of polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, and polyimide. The raw material powder of the substrate is spread, compacted, and sintered in a gradient to form the substrate layer 24. The pore size of the prepared substrate layer 24 is between 5 and 35 μm, the porosity is about 40% (38 to 42%), and the thickness of the substrate layer 24 is 40 to 60 mm.

[0050] A primer layer 25 is coated on the outer surface of the substrate layer 24. The materials used in the primer layer 25 include organic or inorganic particulate powder, dopamine hydrochloride, and a binder. The particulate powder is one of silica, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyethylene. The binder is one or more of vinyl acetate, vinyl vinyl acetate, and acrylic synthetic resin. The addition ratio of the particulate powder is 25 wt% to 35 wt% (e.g., 30 wt% in this embodiment), the addition ratio of the binder is 4 to 10 wt% (e.g., 8 wt% in this embodiment), and the addition ratio of dopamine hydrochloride is 0.15 wt% to 0.2 wt% (e.g., 0.18 wt% in this embodiment). The remaining component is purified water. The organic or inorganic particulate powder and the binder are stirred evenly in a buffer solution, and then dopamine hydrochloride is added. After mixing into a liquid, the mixture is sprayed. The thickness of the primer layer 25 is 0.05 to 0.15 mm.

[0051] The preferred average particle size of the organic or inorganic microparticle powder is 0.1~30μm, and the particle size can be adjusted according to the particle size of the dust to be intercepted; the addition mass percentage is 25~30wt% to ensure the uniformity of coating, while increasing the specific surface area of ​​the surface coating to intercept dust, improving the skeleton strength, and reducing the filtration pressure.

[0052] A waterproof dust collection layer 26 is coated on the outer surface of the base coating layer 25. The material used for the waterproof dust collection layer is one or more of methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, phenyltrichlorosilane, diphenyldichlorosilane or methylphenyldichlorosilane. It is formed by hydrolysis, acid removal and condensation, and then sprayed to form a highly cross-linked three-dimensional network structure. The thickness of the waterproof dust collection layer 26 is 0.1~0.2mm.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this invention is applicable to tunnel dust removal work. In actual use, during normal tunnel construction, the drive device at the bottom of the trolley is activated to move the dust removal trolley to the required safe position. The movable partition is adjusted to abut against the tunnel wall, ensuring that dust-laden airflow cannot escape through the gap between the dust removal trolley and the tunnel wall. Power is then connected to allow the dust removal trolley to operate normally. A dust concentration sensor installed on the dust-facing side (dust removal area) of the trolley monitors the dust concentration in the air in real time and transmits the data signal to the control system. The control system receives the data... Upon receiving the signal, the fan 10 automatically starts and adjusts its airflow according to the actual situation on site, thereby creating negative pressure inside the upper chamber 21. Under the negative pressure of the upper chamber 21, the air inlet 11 begins to absorb the dust-laden airflow in the reserved channel of the trolley. The airflow direction is: dust source → air inlet screen 14 → middle chamber 20 → side wall of the sintered plate surface 23 → central hole 22 of the sintered plate cavity → upper chamber 21 → air outlet 12. Finally, the fan 10 discharges the clean airflow from the air outlet to the rear of the trolley (purification zone) through the gas pipe 13. During this dust removal process, dust particles are retained in the middle chamber, and the inside of the middle chamber can be cleaned periodically. Pulse jet blowing blows the dust attached to the surface of the sintered plate into the drawer-type ash trough at the bottom of the middle chamber.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal trolley for tunnel construction, characterized in that, It includes a trolley module, a purification module, a partition component module, and an environmental parameter detection module; The trolley module includes a frame, a lighting system, a control system, a power system, pulleys, and guide rails. The frame includes multiple horizontal plates, multiple vertical rods, and multiple reinforcing plates. The horizontal plates are respectively arranged horizontally on the top and sides of the vertical rods, and the vertical rods are respectively fixedly connected to the horizontal plates. The reinforcing plates are arranged between the vertical rods and / or between the vertical rods and the horizontal plates to enhance the stability of the frame. The pulleys are arranged at the bottom of the vertical rods and / or at the bottom of the lowest horizontal plate. The guide rails are arranged below the pulleys so that the pulleys can slide on the guide rails. The lighting system is set on the frame and is used to illuminate the area around the frame and inside the tunnel. The power system is used to power the forward and backward movement of the frame. The control system is set on the frame and includes a frequency converter control cabinet and an intelligent information control panel. The control system is used to control the various components of the trolley module, the purification module, and the environmental parameter detection module. The purification module includes a sintered plastic plate dust collector, a pulse-jet cleaning component, a fan, and an air supply device. Multiple sintered plastic plate dust collectors are installed on the horizontal plate. The pulse-jet cleaning component is used to perform pulse-jet cleaning of the sintered plastic plates within the dust collector. The fan is used to draw in the gas discharged from the dust collector. The air supply device provides a sufficient and stable air source for the pulse-jet cleaning component. The partition module includes a movable partition and a fixed partition; the fixed partition is vertically arranged and divides each horizontal plate and each sintered plate dust collector into two sections. The plane of the fixed partition is perpendicular to the plane of each horizontal plate. Except for the bottom, the fixed partition has an arc-shaped structure. The fixed partition divides the dust collection trolley used for tunnel construction into a dust collection area and a purification area; the movable partition is located outside the fixed partition and can extend outward along the arc-shaped part of the fixed partition. The environmental parameter monitoring module includes one or more environmental monitoring sensors, which are used to monitor the environmental parameters of the dust removal area and the purification area in real time and transmit them to the control system.

2. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sintered plastic plate dust collector includes an upper chamber, a middle chamber, a tube sheet, an air inlet, a sintered plastic plate, an air outlet, and a base bracket. The upper chamber is located above the middle chamber, and the tube sheet provides a horizontal separation between the upper and middle chambers. Multiple base brackets are provided, each with a filter cartridge insertion port at its top. The bottom of the tube sheet also has a filter cartridge insertion port. The sintered plastic plate is vertically positioned within the middle chamber, with its top end interlocking with the filter cartridge insertion port on the tube sheet, and its bottom end connecting to the filter cartridge in the base bracket. The sockets are connected by insertion. Multiple sets of sintered plates are provided. Each set of sintered plates has an air inlet on its outer side. The air inlet is a serrated, side-mounted air inlet used to absorb dust-laden airflow. The air inlet end of the side-mounted air inlet faces the working face, and the air outlet end faces the sintered plate. The air outlet is located at the side end of the upper housing. The air outlet is sealed and connected to the fan through a gas pipe. The fan draws gas through the air outlet, creating a negative pressure in the upper housing.

3. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sintered plastic plate is a "W"-shaped folded plate, consisting of a base layer, a primer layer, and a waterproof and dust-collecting layer from the inside out. The base layer is formed by spreading, compacting, and then gradient sintering resin powder. The resin material is one or a combination of two or more of polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, or polyimide. The primer layer is formed by mixing microparticle powder, adhesive, and purified water, adding dopamine hydrochloride, mixing into a liquid, and then spraying it onto the outside of the base layer. The microparticle powder is one of silica, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyethylene powder. The adhesive is one or more of vinyl acetate, vinyl vinyl acetate, or acrylic synthetic resin, wherein the proportion of microparticle powder added is 25wt% to 35wt%, the proportion of adhesive added is 4 to 10wt%, the proportion of dopamine hydrochloride added is 0.15wt% to 0.2wt%, and the remaining component is purified water; the waterproof dust collection layer is formed by spraying organic particles after hydrolysis, acid removal, and polycondensation onto the outside of the base layer to form a cross-linked three-dimensional network structure, wherein the organic particles are one or more of methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, phenyltrichlorosilane, diphenyldichlorosilane, or methylphenyldichlorosilane.

4. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the substrate layer is 40~60mm; the thickness of the primer layer is 0.05~0.15mm; and the thickness of the waterproof dust collection layer is 0.1~0.2mm.

5. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The pulse-jet cleaning component includes an air pump, an air tank, a pulse-jet pipe, an electromagnetic pulse valve, and a pulse controller. The air pump is located outside the sintered plate dust collector and on one side of the dust collection area. The air tank is located on the outer wall of the sintered plate dust collector. The pulse-jet pipe faces the sintered plate. The air pump is connected to the air tank through the electromagnetic pulse valve and the pulse controller. The air tank is connected to the pulse-jet pipe. The electromagnetic pulse valve and the pulse controller are used to spray pulsed airflow into the pulse-jet pipe through the air tank. The air supply device includes an air compressor, a drying device, and an air purification device. The air compressor is used to compress air, and the compressed air is discharged into the air purification device for initial purification to filter out larger particles. The gas obtained after initial purification is discharged into the drying device to remove liquid water, and then passes through two air purifiers for subsequent filtration. Finally, the gas is discharged into the air tank of the pulse jet cleaning component through a pressure reducing valve to provide a sufficient and stable air source for the pulse jet cleaning component to perform pulse jet cleaning.

6. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, An air inlet screen is provided on the air inlet; the fan is located on one side of the purification area; the fixed partition has reserved air inlet holes for the tunnel ventilation duct; the power system is connected to the power supply in the tunnel to supply power to the dust removal trolley used in tunnel construction; the control system is used to control the start and stop of the fan, and controls the frequency of the fan and adjusts the air volume according to the signal fed back by the dust concentration sensor in the environmental monitoring sensor.

7. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the upper housing is provided with a top plate, which consists of a base plate and a sealing gasket bonded to the bottom of the base plate. The base plate is a steel structure and the sealing gasket is made of rubber. The top plate is detachably installed on the top of the upper housing.

8. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed partition of the trolley module has a channel in the middle, and the air inlet is located on both sides of the channel; the trolley module is symmetrically arranged about the center of the tunnel, and six dust collectors are symmetrically installed on the platform.

9. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The partition module also includes a slide rail. The movable partition has an arc-shaped structure with multiple layers. The slide rail is provided between the fixed partition, the movable partition, and adjacent movable partitions. The movable partition can slide outward or inward along the radial direction of the arc-shaped part of the fixed partition on the plane of the fixed partition or on a plane parallel to the fixed partition. There is a partial overlap area between any two adjacent movable partitions. A high-density brush is provided on the outer circumference of the outermost movable partition, and the high-density brush is in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel.

10. The dust removal trolley for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sintered plates are arranged in multiple groups, each group of which has a uniform cross-section. The group of sintered plates closest to the fan end has the lowest height. As the distance from the fan increases, the height of each group of sintered plates gradually increases. At the same time, as the distance from the fan increases, the total height of the corresponding air inlet also gradually increases. The sintered plates with uniform cross-sections are installed in a stepped manner in the middle box, so that the wind speed deviation at each point inside the sintered plate dust collector is less than 20%.

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