Method and device for determining the anchoring plate structure of an anchoring mechanism, anchoring plate and anchoring mechanism

Abstract

This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for determining the anchor plate structure of an anchor bolt mechanism, as well as an anchor plate and an anchor bolt mechanism. The anchor bolt mechanism includes a flange, an upper anchor plate, grout, a substrate, and an anchor bolt. At least a portion of the grout is disposed between the upper anchor plate and the substrate. The anchor bolt passes through the flange, the upper anchor plate, the grout, and the substrate, and fixes the flange to the upper anchor plate. The method for determining the anchor plate structure includes: establishing a mechanical model that considers the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange as an outer beam; calculating a first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grout and a first arc length of the upper anchor plate; calculating the load on the portion corresponding to the outer beam under the mechanical model based on the first stress and the first arc length; calculating the bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; and calculating a first thickness of the upper anchor plate based on the bending moment data and the strength data of the upper anchor plate. The anchor plate structure determination method of this disclosure can accurately provide the specific structural parameters of the anchor plate, providing a theoretical basis for anchor plate structure design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention generally relates to the field of wind power, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for determining the anchor plate structure of an anchor bolt mechanism, an anchor plate, and an anchor bolt mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] The high-pile foundation, gravity foundation and tower of wind turbine generators (e.g. offshore wind turbine generators) are mostly connected by anchor bolt mechanism. The anchor bolt mechanism consists of upper anchor plate, lower anchor plate and anchor bolt. Through the transmission of the anchor plate, the tension provided by the anchor bolt is converted into the initial compressive stress of the concrete.

[0003] The relevant parameters for existing anchor plate structure design are generally given based on experience, which makes the anchor plate lack an accurate design process and poses a great safety hazard. Anchor plate designers only care about the strength of the anchor plate itself and do not consider whether the anchor plate size meets the strength requirements of concrete, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a method for determining the anchor plate structure of an anchor bolt mechanism, which can accurately provide the structural parameters of the anchor plate.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a method for determining the anchor plate structure of an anchor bolt mechanism is provided. The anchor bolt mechanism includes a flange, an upper anchor plate, grout, a substrate, and an anchor bolt. At least a portion of the grout is disposed between the upper anchor plate and the substrate. The anchor bolt passes through the flange, the upper anchor plate, the grout, and the substrate, and fixes the flange to the upper anchor plate. The method for determining the anchor plate structure includes: establishing a mechanical model in which the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange is considered as an outer beam; calculating a first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grout and a first arc length of the upper anchor plate; calculating the load on the portion corresponding to the outer beam under the mechanical model based on the first stress and the first arc length; calculating the bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; and calculating a first thickness of the upper anchor plate based on the bending moment data and the strength data of the upper anchor plate.

[0006] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an anchor plate structure determination device for an anchor bolt mechanism is provided. The anchor bolt mechanism includes a flange, an upper anchor plate, grout, a substrate, and an anchor bolt. The grout is disposed between the upper anchor plate and the substrate. The anchor bolt passes through the flange, the upper anchor plate, the grout, and the substrate, and fixes the flange to the upper anchor plate. The anchor plate structure determination device includes: a model building module for building a mechanical model in which the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange is considered as an outer beam; and a calculation module configured to: calculate a first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grout and a first arc length of the upper anchor plate; calculate the load on the portion corresponding to the outer beam under the mechanical model based on the first stress and the first arc length; calculate the bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; and calculate the first thickness of the upper anchor plate based on the bending moment data and the strength data of the upper anchor plate.

[0007] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an anchor plate for an anchor bolt mechanism is provided, the anchor plate of which is determined based on the anchor plate structure determination method described above.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, an anchor bolt mechanism is provided, the anchor bolt mechanism comprising the anchor plate as described above.

[0009] The anchor plate structure determination method according to the embodiments of this disclosure takes into account the strength of the anchor plate itself, and also considers whether the concrete and other materials under the anchor plate meet the local pressure requirements.

[0010] The anchor plate structure determination method according to the embodiments of this disclosure is an engineering calculation method, which has advantages such as fast calculation speed and high safety margin compared with simulation methods such as finite element method. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The above and other objects and features of exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which exemplarily illustrate the embodiments, wherein:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view showing the anchor bolt mechanism to which the anchor plate structure determination method of this disclosure applies.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view showing the anchor bolt mechanism to which the anchor plate structure determination method of this disclosure applies.

[0014] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a mechanical model of the upper anchor plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing a concrete structure that includes different types of reinforcing steel.

[0018] Figure 8 and Figure 9 This illustrates a mechanical model of the lower anchor plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 12 This is a block diagram illustrating an anchor plate structure determining device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that in the following description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the same or similar components are indicated by the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted.

[0023] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “above,” “above,” “below,” and “under” may be used to describe the relationship between one element and another as shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Such spatial relative terms are intended to include not only the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings but also the different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as being "above" or "on top" relative to another element will be "below" or "under" relative to that other element. Thus, the term "above" includes both "above" and "below" orientations depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] According to the embodiments of this disclosure, the anchor plate is simplified into different types of beam structures with the anchor bolt hole as the center, which can accurately give the structural parameters of the anchor plate such as thickness and inner and outer diameter, so that the anchor plate structure design has a theoretical basis.

[0026] In addition, the compressive strength of substrates such as concrete can be calculated, and the influence of steel reinforcement can be taken into account when calculating the compressive strength of concrete.

[0027] The compressive strength of the grout can be calculated, and the design of the grout is combined with the load transfer path of the upper anchor plate and the structural strength of the concrete is fully considered.

[0028] The upper and lower anchor plates have different considerations for external loads. The upper anchor plate is calculated to take into account the effects of various external loads, while the lower anchor plate can only consider the preload of the anchor bolts and the changes in the preload after being loaded.

[0029] Preferred embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view showing the anchor bolt mechanism to which the anchor plate structure determination method of this disclosure applies. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view showing the anchor bolt mechanism to which the anchor plate structure determination method of this disclosure applies.

[0031] like Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, the anchor bolt mechanism to which the anchor plate structure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applicable includes a flange 100, an upper anchor plate 200, grouting material (not shown), a base material 500, and an anchor bolt 400.

[0032] At least a portion of the grout is disposed between the upper anchor plate 200 and the substrate 500, and the anchor bolt 400 passes through the flange 100, the upper anchor plate 200, the grout, and the substrate 500 and fixes the flange 100 to the upper anchor plate 200.

[0033] Flange 100 may be a tower T-flange, and flange 100 may be fixed to upper anchor plate 200 by a nut installed at the end of anchor bolt 400. As an example, a gasket may also be provided between the nut and flange 100. Base material 500 may include concrete, in which reinforcing materials such as steel bars may be provided.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the anchor bolt 400 may include two rows of anchor bolts. For example, the anchor bolt 400 may include an inner anchor bolt 401 and an outer anchor bolt 402. The inner anchor bolt 401 and the outer anchor bolt 402 may each form a ring shape (e.g., a circular ring). The arrangement of the inner anchor bolt 401 and the outer anchor bolt 402 is not subject to specific settings and can be determined according to the structure of the tower.

[0035] In addition, anchor bolts 400 can also be set in multiple rows (e.g., 3 rows, 4 rows). The number of rows of anchor bolts 400 is not specifically limited, as long as the part of the anchor plate that protrudes beyond the flange or beyond the anchor bolt hole of anchor bolt 400 is defined as the outer beam.

[0036] The anchor bolt mechanism may also include a lower anchor plate 300, through which the anchor bolt 400 can further pass and fix the lower anchor plate.

[0037] As an example, the lower anchor plate 300 can be secured to a substrate such as concrete by means of a nut installed at the end of the anchor bolt 400. In one example, the lower anchor plate 300 can also be secured to grout (not shown).

[0038] At least one of the upper anchor plate 200 and the lower anchor plate 300 can be separated into pieces, and the separated upper anchor plate 200 and the separated lower anchor plate 300 can also be welded into a single piece. Figure 1 As shown, the upper anchor plate 200 and the lower anchor plate 300 can be divided into multiple parts along the circumference. For example, the upper anchor plate 200 and the lower anchor plate 300 can be divided into four equal parts.

[0039] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a mechanical model of the upper anchor plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the anchor plate is simplified into different types of beam structures centered on the anchor bolt holes.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, a mechanical model can be established that treats the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange as an outer beam.

[0042] In the mechanical model of the upper anchor plate, the anchor bolts are considered as flexible hinges along the radial direction of the upper anchor plate, and the part between the two rows of anchor bolts in the radial direction is considered as a beam with supports at both ends.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the length of the outer beam is L1, and the distance between the two rows of anchor bolts (i.e., between the inner anchor bolt 401 and the outer anchor bolt 402) is L2. The length of the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange on both the inner and outer sides can be the same, and both can be L1. q is the load data of the upper anchor plate (e.g., a uniform load such as a uniformly distributed line load).

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, along the circumferential direction of the anchor bolts, the distance between a single row of anchor bolts (e.g., between inner anchor bolts 401 or outer anchor bolts 402) can be L3. The distance between two anchor bolts can be calculated as the distance between the centers of the anchor bolt holes.

[0045] The mechanical model of the upper anchor plate is not subject to any specific restrictions; the part of the upper anchor plate outside the flange can be regarded as a cantilever wall or an outer beam.

[0046] Simplifying the upper anchor plate into a beam structure, the cantilever state of the anchor plate under stress is the most dangerous. Therefore, the bending calculation of the upper anchor plate only considers the cantilever case. For the upper anchor bolt, only the mechanical model in the radial direction needs to be established, and it is not necessary to establish a mechanical model in the circumferential direction. For the lower anchor bolt, mechanical models in both the radial and circumferential directions can be established.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the anchor plate structure determination method according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure may include steps S510, S520, S530, S540 and S550.

[0049] In step S510, a mechanical model is established that treats the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange as an outer beam. The specific mechanical model can be as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] In step S520, the first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grouting material and the first arc length of the upper anchor plate are calculated.

[0051] The first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grout can be the stress between the upper anchor plate and the grout generated by at least one of the bending moment, vertical force, and anchor bolt preload.

[0052] As an example, the first stress σ can be determined by the following equation (1).

[0053]

[0054] Among them, M xy The foundation top bending moment; W is the bending section modulus of the upper anchor plate; F z The vertical load at the top of the foundation is expressed in N (N); F v γ represents the anchor bolt preload, measured in N; f1 γ f2 γ f3 For load safety factor; A ln_up n is the net area of ​​the upper anchor plate; b This refers to the number of anchor bolts on the same pitch circle (where the same pitch circle refers to the circle formed by connecting the centers of the anchor bolt holes in the same row). The foundation top bending moment and the foundation top vertical load can both be predetermined using collected load data, and the anchor bolt preload F... v It can be determined according to, for example, standard IEC614000-1-6. As an example, the anchor preload can be seventy percent of the anchor's yield strength.

[0055] If the mechanical calculations for the upper and lower anchor plates, grouting material, and concrete use the foundation top load, since the foundation top load does not consider the load safety factor, γ f1 γ f2 γ f3 The load safety factor can be determined according to, for example, NB / T10105-2018. If the mechanical calculation of the upper and lower anchor plates, grouting material and concrete adopts the tower bottom load, the load safety factor can be determined according to, for example, IEC61400.

[0056] Moment of inertia I of the upper anchor plate g It can be calculated using the following formula (2).

[0057]

[0058] Where, d out_up_a Let d be the outer diameter of the upper anchor plate. in_up_a This is the inner diameter of the upper anchor plate.

[0059] Net moment of inertia I of the upper anchor plate gn It can be calculated using the following formula (3).

[0060]

[0061] Where, d up_ls Given the diameter of the anchor bolt hole, dPCD1 d PCD2 These are the pitch circle diameters of the inner and outer row anchor bolts, respectively, n. b This represents the number of anchor bolts on the same pitch circle.

[0062] The section modulus W of the upper anchor plate can be calculated by the following formula (4).

[0063]

[0064] The first arc length of the upper anchor plate can be the pitch circle arc length of the inner or outer anchor bolt, and can be determined based on the pitch circle diameter and the number of center angles.

[0065] In step S530, the load q of the portion of the outer beam corresponding to the mechanical model is calculated based on the first stress and the first arc length. Here, the load q can be a uniformly distributed load and can be calculated using the following equation (5).

[0066] q=σ·c (5)

[0067] In equation (1), the net pressure area A of the upper anchor plate ln_up It can be calculated using the following formula (6).

[0068]

[0069] In equation (6), the pressure-bearing area A of the upper anchor plate l_up It can be calculated using the following formula (7).

[0070]

[0071] In step S540, the bending moment data corresponding to the outer beam is calculated based on the load and the length of the outer beam.

[0072] For example, the bending moment data corresponding to the outer beam can be calculated based on the line load and the distance l0 between the outer diameter of the upper anchor plate and the outer diameter of the flange.

[0073] As an example, l0 can be calculated according to the following equation (8).

[0074] l0=(d out_up_a -d out ) / 2 (8)

[0075] Where, d out_up_a d is the outer diameter of the upper anchor plate. out This refers to the outer diameter of the flange.

[0076] The bending moment data for the portion corresponding to the outer beam can be the maximum bending moment. Maximum bending moment M 1_up It can be calculated using the following formula (9).

[0077]

[0078] In step S550, the first thickness of the upper anchor plate is calculated based on the bending moment data and the strength data (e.g., yield strength) of the upper anchor plate.

[0079] The minimum thickness of the upper anchor plate under bending moment greater than or equal to that under bending moment can be determined as the first thickness of the upper anchor plate. For example, the minimum thickness t of the upper anchor plate can be determined by the following formula (10). min .

[0080]

[0081] Among them, Re up The known yield strength of the upper anchor plate.

[0082] The above calculation methods for the first stress and bending moment data are merely examples. Some minor terms may have been omitted from the relevant calculation terms in equations (1) to (10), and these calculation terms may be added as needed.

[0083] In determining the parameters of the upper anchor plate, in addition to bending strength, shear strength can also be considered.

[0084] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0085] The anchor plate structure determination method according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure may include steps S610 and S620, and may also include step S630.

[0086] In step S610, the shear force data of the outer beam is calculated based on the load and the length of the outer beam.

[0087] As an example, the maximum shear force F corresponding to the outer beam can be determined based on the line load and the length L1 of the outer beam. s1_up .

[0088] After simplification, the maximum shear force F s1_up It can be calculated using the following formula (11).

[0089] F s1_up =q·L1 (11)

[0090] In step S620, the second thickness of the upper anchor plate is calculated based on the shear force data and the shear strength of the upper anchor plate.

[0091] The second thickness here can be the minimum thickness t determined after considering the shear force data. min or greater than the minimum thickness t min Based on cost and other considerations, the final determined thickness of the anchor plate can be the minimum value of the determined anchor plate thickness.

[0092] The minimum thickness of the upper anchor plate under shear force can be calculated by the following formula (12).

[0093]

[0094] Where, τ up Let q be the shear strength of the upper anchor plate, q be the uniformly distributed load, L1 be the length of the outer beam, and c be the arc length as described above. The shear strength of the upper anchor plate can be 60% of its yield strength.

[0095] The thickness of the upper anchor plate can be determined as the minimum thickness of the upper anchor plate under shear force, which is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness of the upper anchor plate.

[0096] In step S630, data related to the thickness of the upper anchor plate can be determined based on the first thickness and the second thickness of the upper anchor plate.

[0097] For example, either the first thickness or the second thickness of the upper anchor plate can be determined as the thickness of the upper anchor plate, or the larger of the first thickness and the second thickness can be determined as the thickness of the upper anchor plate. Furthermore, after determining the thickness of the anchor plate, it can be substituted back into the above calculation formula to determine parameters such as the inner and outer diameters of the anchor plate.

[0098] As an example, this disclosure can be used to verify the compressive strength of grout and the local pressure of concrete under grout.

[0099] The anchor plate structure determination method disclosed herein may further include: calculating the punching shear force of the grout based on the first stress, the thickness of the grout and the thickness of the outer beam, and verifying whether the calculated punching shear force of the grout is less than a predetermined value.

[0100] The punching force σ of the grouting material ps It can be calculated according to the following formula (13).

[0101]

[0102] Where σ is the compressive stress of the grout, l1 is the length of the outer beam, or l1 can be the distance between the outer diameter of the upper anchor plate and the outer diameter of the flange, and t g This refers to the thickness of the grout.

[0103] Verify the calculated punching shear force of the grout, that is, verify whether the calculated punching shear force of the grout is less than the predetermined value. The predetermined value of the punching shear force can be determined in advance according to relevant standards.

[0104] The anchor plate structure determination method disclosed herein may further include calculating the local load acting on the local pressure surface of the substrate based on the first stress and the contact area between the substrate and the grout, and verifying whether the calculated local load acting on the local pressure surface of the substrate is less than a predetermined value.

[0105] Local load F acting on a locally compressed surface l The stress σ in equation (1) can be calculated by multiplying the contact area between the substrate (e.g., concrete) and the grout.

[0106] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing a concrete structure that includes different types of reinforcing steel.

[0107] The predetermined values ​​of local loads can be determined according to Section 6.6 of GB50010-2010 "Code for Design of Concrete Structures". For concrete structural members with indirect reinforcement, the cross-sectional dimensions of their local compression zones should conform to...

[0108] F l ≤1.35β c β l f c A ln (14)

[0109] f c β is the design value of the axial compressive strength of concrete; c The coefficient representing the influence of concrete strength is taken according to Article 6.3.1 of the "Code for Design of Concrete Structures". When the concrete strength grade does not exceed C50, it is taken as 1.0; when the concrete strength grade is C80, it is taken as 0.8; in between, it is determined by linear interpolation. 1.35β c β l f c A ln It can be a predetermined value for the local load.

[0110] β l It is the strength enhancement factor of concrete under local compression, and can be calculated according to the following formula (15).

[0111]

[0112] Among them, A l A represents the localized area of ​​concrete subjected to pressure. ln A represents the net area of ​​the concrete under localized pressure. b The calculated base area for locally compressed structures can be determined according to Article 6.6.2 of the Code for Design of Concrete Structures.

[0113] The strength enhancement factor for concrete under localized compression can be calculated according to the following scenarios:

[0114] If the dimensions of the concrete structure are known, the base area can be calculated using the following method.

[0115] For example: Assume the width of the grout (anchor plate) material is b g The distance from the edge of the concrete to the edge of the grout is b1. If bg If the width of the outward diffusion is greater than b1, then the width is b1; otherwise, it is b. g .

[0116] If the dimensions of the concrete structure are unknown, calculate the bottom area by taking three times the width of the grouting material (anchor plate) according to the specifications.

[0117] like Figure 7 As shown, when a grid-like or spiral indirect steel reinforcement is configured and its core area A cor Not less than 1.25A l When the local compressive bearing capacity F l It should conform to the following formula (16).

[0118] F l ≤0.9(β c β l f c +2αρ v β cor f y A ln (16)

[0119] When using a grid-like reinforcement design, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing bars per unit length in both directions should not exceed 1.5, and its volumetric reinforcement ratio ρ v It can be calculated according to formula (17).

[0120]

[0121] When the reinforcement is spiral, the volumetric reinforcement ratio ρ v It can be calculated according to formula (18).

[0122]

[0123] Where, β cor The local compressive bearing capacity enhancement factor for configuring indirect reinforcement is calculated according to the formula in the "Code for Design of Concrete Structures". However, in the formula, A... b A can be used as a substitute cor And when A cor >A b When, take A b α is the reduction factor for the indirect reinforcement's effect on concrete confinement, which can be determined according to the provisions of Clause E.3.2 in the appendix of the aforementioned code. cor The area of ​​the concrete core within the inner surface of the grid-like or spiral indirect reinforcement is defined as the area of ​​the concrete core, with its centroid intersecting with A. l Since their centroids coincide, their values ​​are still taken according to the principle of concentricity and symmetry during calculation; ρ v The volumetric reinforcement ratio of indirect steel bars; n1, A s1 n1 and A represent the number of steel bars in the grid along the l1 direction and the cross-sectional area of ​​a single steel bar, respectively;s2 These can be the number of reinforcing bars along the l2 direction of the grid, and the cross-sectional area of ​​a single reinforcing bar, respectively. d cor It can be the diameter of the concrete section within the inner surface area of ​​the spiral indirect reinforcement; s can be the spacing of the grid or spiral indirect reinforcement, preferably 30 to 80 mm.

[0124] Figure 8 and Figure 9 This illustrates a mechanical model of the lower anchor plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0125] like Figure 8 As shown, in the mechanical model of the lower anchor plate, the anchor bolt can be regarded as a flexible hinge in the radial direction, the part of the lower anchor plate outside the anchor bolt can be regarded as a cantilever beam, and the part between the two rows of anchor bolts in the radial direction can be regarded as the first beam with supports at both ends.

[0126] like Figure 9 As shown, in the circumferential direction, the portion of the lower anchor plate located between the single row of anchor bolts can be regarded as a second beam with supports at both ends, while the remaining positions are regarded as a continuous beam structure.

[0127] In other words, similar to the upper anchor plate, the lower anchor plate can be simplified as a beam model along the circumferential and radial directions. Along the radial direction, the anchor bolt is considered a flexible hinge connection; the portion corresponding to length L1 can be considered an external beam or cantilever beam, and the portion corresponding to L2 can be considered a beam with supports at both ends. Along the circumferential direction, the portion corresponding to L3 is cantilevered, and the remaining positions can be considered a continuous beam structure. The bending moment of the remaining parts of a continuous beam is generally smaller than the bending moment at the root of the portion corresponding to L3. During calculation, only the magnitudes of L1 and L3 need to be compared. Generally, L1 is greater than L3, so only the following calculation is needed. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The bending strength of beams L1 and L2 can be calculated as shown.

[0128] Furthermore, when the anchor plate is not segmented along the circumference, and the anchor bolts are considered as flexible hinged connections, the anchor plate can be simplified into multiple continuous beams of equal spans. According to the structural statics calculation handbook, the maximum bending moment is [missing information]. The more spans there are, the closer the maximum bending moment will be. Therefore, a conservative approach can be adopted in the calculation, and the bending moment can be selected as...

[0129] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0130] According to a third embodiment of this disclosure, the anchor plate structure determination method may include the step of establishing a mechanical model of the lower anchor plate.

[0131] In addition, such as Figure 10As shown, the method for determining the anchor plate structure may further include steps S1010, S1020, S1030, S1040 and S1050.

[0132] In step S1010, the second stress of the lower anchor plate, the second arc length of the lower anchor plate, and the width of the lower anchor plate caused by the tension of the lower anchor plate are calculated.

[0133] As an example, the second stress σ of the lower anchor plate can be determined according to the following equation (19).

[0134]

[0135] Among them, F vs A represents the anchor bolt tension under external load, and can be determined by the following equation (20); ln_down γ is the net pressure area of ​​the lower anchor plate, and can be calculated using the following formula (21). f3 For the load safety factor, n b This refers to the number of anchor bolts on the same pitch circle, where the pitch circle is the circle formed by the centers of a single row of anchor bolts.

[0136] F vs =F v +p·Z (20)

[0137] Where Z is the tension at the tower wall under external load, and F v ρ is the anchor bolt preload, p is the anchor bolt load distribution coefficient, p can be determined according to IEC614000-1-6 standard, and the anchor bolt preload can be 70% of the anchor bolt yield strength.

[0138]

[0139] Among them, A ln_down A is the net pressure-bearing area of ​​the lower anchor plate. l_down The area under pressure of the lower anchor plate is denoted by the following formula (22).

[0140]

[0141] The calculation method for the second arc length of the lower anchor plate is similar to that for the upper anchor plate, and will not be repeated here. The width b of the lower anchor plate... anthor It can be calculated using the following formula (23).

[0142] b anthor =(d out_down_a -d in_down_a ) / 2 (23)

[0143] Where, d out_down_a d is the outer diameter of the lower anchor plate. in_down_a This refers to the inner diameter of the lower anchor plate.

[0144] In step S1020, the first load corresponding to the portion of the cantilever beam is calculated based on the second stress and the second arc length, and the second load corresponding to the portion of the first beam or the second beam with supports at both ends is calculated based on the second stress and the width of the lower anchor plate.

[0145] Both the first load and the second load can be uniformly distributed loads, and the first load q1 can be calculated by the following equation (24), and the second load q2 can be calculated by the following equation (25).

[0146] q1=σ·c (24)

[0147] q2=σ·b anthor (25)

[0148] In step S1030, the first bending moment data corresponding to the cantilever beam is calculated based on the first load and the length of the cantilever beam.

[0149] The first bending moment data can be the maximum bending moment M. 1_down And it can be calculated using the following formula (26).

[0150]

[0151] Where l1 is the distance from the outer diameter of the lower anchor plate to the center of the outer anchor bolt hole.

[0152] In step S1040, the second bending moment data corresponding to the first beam is calculated based on the second load and the length of the first beam.

[0153] The second bending moment data can be the maximum bending moment M. 2_down And it can be calculated using the following formula (27).

[0154]

[0155] Where l2 is the distance between the two rows of anchor bolts in the radial direction of the lower anchor plate.

[0156] In step S1050, the first thickness of the lower anchor plate is calculated based on the larger value of the first bending moment data and the second bending moment data, as well as the yield strength of the lower anchor plate.

[0157] The first thickness of the lower anchor plate can be the minimum thickness of the lower anchor plate. The minimum thickness t of the lower anchor plate under bending moment is... min It can be calculated using the following formula (28).

[0158]

[0159] Among them, Re down The value is the yield strength of the lower anchor plate.

[0160] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the anchor plate structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0161] The anchor plate structure determination method according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure may further include steps S1110, S1120 and S1130.

[0162] In step S1110, the third bending moment data corresponding to the second beam is calculated based on the second load and the length of the second beam.

[0163] The third bending moment data can be the maximum bending moment M. 3_down And it can be calculated using the following formula (29).

[0164]

[0165] Where l3 is the distance between a single row of anchor bolts on the lower anchor plate, and can be calculated by the following formula (30).

[0166]

[0167] Where, d PCD1 As mentioned above, n is the pitch circle diameter. b This refers to the number of anchor bolts on the same pitch circle.

[0168] As an example, the minimum thickness t of the lower anchor plate under bending moment. min It can be calculated using the following formula (31).

[0169] In step S1120, the second thickness of the lower anchor plate is calculated based on the third bending moment data and the yield strength of the lower anchor plate. Here, the second thickness can be the minimum thickness t calculated considering the third bending moment data and the yield strength. min .

[0170]

[0171] In step S1130, the larger of the first thickness and the second thickness is determined as the minimum thickness t of the lower anchor plate. min That is, the minimum thickness of the lower anchor plate can be determined according to the following formula (32).

[0172]

[0173] According to embodiments of this disclosure, shear force can also be considered in the calculation of the lower anchor plate.

[0174] The maximum shear force of the portion corresponding to the cantilever beam l1 can be calculated using the following equation (33).

[0175] F s1_down=q1·L1 (33)

[0176] The maximum shear force of the portion corresponding to the continuous beam l2 between the two rows of anchor bolts can be calculated by the following formula (34).

[0177]

[0178] The maximum shear force of the portion corresponding to the continuous beam l3 with equal span between the circumferential single row of anchor bolts can be calculated by the following formula (35).

[0179]

[0180] The minimum thickness of the anchor plate under shear force can be calculated by the following formula (36).

[0181]

[0182] The minimum thickness of the lower anchor plate determined by equation (36) can be used as the thickness of the lower anchor plate.

[0183] After determining the thickness of the lower anchor plate, it can be substituted into equations (23) and (31) to determine the inner and outer diameters of the lower anchor plate.

[0184] Figure 12 This is a block diagram illustrating an anchor plate structure determining device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0185] like Figure 12 As shown, the anchor plate structure determination device 1200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a model building module 1210 and a calculation module 1220.

[0186] The model building module 1210 can build a mechanical model that treats the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange as an outer beam. The calculation module 1220 can be configured to: calculate the first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grouting material, and the first arc length of the upper anchor plate; calculate the load on the portion corresponding to the outer beam under the mechanical model based on the first stress and the first arc length; calculate the bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; and calculate the first thickness of the upper anchor plate based on the bending moment data and the yield strength of the upper anchor plate.

[0187] The calculation module 1220 can also calculate the shear force data of the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam, and calculate the second thickness of the upper anchor plate based on the shear force data and the shear strength of the upper anchor plate.

[0188] The calculation module 1220 can also determine data related to the thickness of the upper anchor plate based on the first and second thicknesses of the upper anchor plate.

[0189] The establishment of the mechanical model of the upper anchor plate and the calculation of the first and second thicknesses of the upper anchor plate can be described as above, and will not be repeated here.

[0190] The calculation module 1220 can also calculate the punching shear force of the grout based on the first stress, the thickness of the grout and the thickness of the outer beam, and verify whether the calculated punching shear force of the grout is less than a predetermined value. It can also calculate the local load acting on the local pressure surface of the substrate based on the first stress and the contact area between the substrate and the grout, and verify whether the calculated local load acting on the local pressure surface of the substrate is less than a predetermined value.

[0191] The model building module 1210 can build a mechanical model of the lower anchor plate. In the mechanical model of the lower anchor plate, in the radial direction, the anchor bolts are regarded as flexible hinges, the part of the lower anchor plate outside the anchor bolts is regarded as a cantilever beam, and the part between the two rows of anchor bolts in the radial direction is regarded as the first beam with supports at both ends; in the circumferential direction, the part of the lower anchor plate between a single row of anchor bolts is regarded as the second beam with supports at both ends, and the remaining positions are regarded as a continuous beam structure.

[0192] The calculation module 1220 can also calculate the second stress of the lower anchor plate, the second arc length of the lower anchor plate, and the width of the lower anchor plate caused by the tension of the lower anchor plate; calculate the first load corresponding to the portion of the cantilever beam based on the second stress and the second arc length, and calculate the second load corresponding to the portion of the first beam or second beam supported at both ends based on the second stress and the width of the lower anchor plate; calculate the first bending moment data corresponding to the portion of the cantilever beam based on the first load and the length of the cantilever beam; calculate the second bending moment data corresponding to the portion of the first beam based on the second load and the length of the first beam; and calculate the first thickness of the lower anchor plate based on the larger value of the first bending moment data and the second bending moment data and the yield strength of the lower anchor plate.

[0193] As an example, the calculation module 1220 can calculate the third bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the second beam based on the second load and the length of the second beam; calculate the second thickness of the lower anchor plate based on the third bending moment data and the yield strength of the lower anchor plate; and determine the larger of the first thickness and the second thickness as the minimum thickness of the lower anchor plate.

[0194] It should be understood that the various units or modules in the anchor plate structure determining device according to the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented as hardware components and / or software components. Those skilled in the art can implement the various units, for example, using field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), software algorithms, etc., depending on the processes performed by each defined unit.

[0195] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, apparatus (e.g., modules or their functions) or methods can be implemented by programs or instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When such instructions are executed by a processor, the processor can perform a function corresponding to the instruction or perform a method corresponding to the instruction. At least a portion of a module can be implemented (e.g., executed) by a processor. At least a portion of a programmed module can include modules, programs, routines, instruction sets, and procedures for performing at least one function. In one example, the instructions or software include machine code (such as machine code generated by a compiler) that is directly executed by one or more processors or computers. In another example, the instructions or software include higher-level code that is executed by one or more processors or computers using an interpreter. Instructions or software can be written using any programming language based on the block diagrams and flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings and the corresponding description in the specification.

[0196] The modules or programming modules disclosed herein may include at least one of the aforementioned components, with some components omitted or others added. The operations of the modules, programming modules, or other components may be executed sequentially, in parallel, cyclically, or probingly. Furthermore, some operations may be executed in a different order, may be omitted, or may be extended with other operations.

[0197] The steps mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure can be written as software programs or instructions. Therefore, the anchor plate structure determination method according to the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented via software. The computer-readable storage medium of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can store a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the anchor plate structure determination method as described in the above exemplary embodiments.

[0198] Examples of computer-readable storage media may include magnetic media such as floppy disks and magnetic tapes, optical media (including optical disc (CD) ROMs and DVD ROMs), magneto-optical media such as flexible optical discs, hardware devices such as ROMs and RAMs designed for storing and executing program commands, and flash memory. The program commands include language code executable by a computer using an interpreter and machine language code generated by a compiler. The aforementioned hardware devices may be implemented by one or more software modules for performing the operations of the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0199] The anchor plate according to embodiments of this disclosure can be determined based on the anchor plate structure determination method described above.

[0200] Anchor plates determined in the manner described above can be used in anchor bolt mechanisms.

[0201] The anchor bolt mechanism according to embodiments of this disclosure can be used to manufacture the foundation structure of wind turbine generator sets.

[0202] The anchor plate structure determination method according to the embodiments of this disclosure takes into account the strength of the anchor plate itself, and also considers whether the concrete and other materials under the anchor plate meet the local pressure requirements.

[0203] The anchor plate structure determination method according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be an engineering calculation method, which has advantages such as fast calculation speed and high safety margin compared with simulation methods such as finite element method.

[0204] While some exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents. For example, technical features of different embodiments may be combined. Embodiments obtained by combining technical features from different embodiments should be considered part of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for determining the anchor plate structure of an anchor bolt mechanism, characterized in that, The anchor bolt mechanism includes a flange, an upper anchor plate, grout, a substrate, and an anchor bolt. At least a portion of the grout is disposed between the upper anchor plate and the substrate. The anchor bolt passes through the flange, the upper anchor plate, the grout, and the substrate, and fixes the flange to the upper anchor plate. The method for determining the anchor plate structure includes: A mechanical model is established that considers the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange as an outer beam; Calculate the first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grouting material, and the first arc length of the upper anchor plate; The load on the portion of the outer beam corresponding to the first stress and the first arc length is calculated based on the first stress and the first arc length; Calculate the bending moment data corresponding to the portion of the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; The first thickness of the upper anchor plate is calculated based on the bending moment data and the strength data of the upper anchor plate. The anchor bolt mechanism further includes a lower anchor plate, through which the anchor bolt passes and fixes the lower anchor plate. The method for determining the anchor plate structure further includes establishing a mechanical model of the lower anchor plate. In the mechanical model of the lower anchor plate, in the radial direction, the anchor bolt is considered a flexible hinge, the portion of the lower anchor plate outside the anchor bolt is considered a cantilever beam, and the portion between two rows of anchor bolts in the radial direction is considered a first beam with supports at both ends; in the circumferential direction, the portion of the lower anchor plate between a single row of anchor bolts is considered a second beam with supports at both ends, and the remaining positions are considered a continuous beam structure. The method for determining the anchor plate structure also includes: Calculate the second stress on the lower anchor plate caused by the tension in the lower anchor plate, the second arc length of the lower anchor plate, and the width of the lower anchor plate; The first load corresponding to the portion of the cantilever beam is calculated based on the second stress and the second arc length, and the second load corresponding to the portion of the first beam or the second beam with supports at both ends is calculated based on the second stress and the width of the lower anchor plate. Calculate the first bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the cantilever beam based on the first load and the length of the cantilever beam; Calculate the second bending moment data for the portion corresponding to the first beam based on the second load and the length of the first beam; The first thickness of the lower anchor plate is calculated based on the larger value of the first bending moment data and the second bending moment data, as well as the yield strength of the lower anchor plate.

2. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the mechanical model of the upper anchor plate, the anchor bolts are regarded as flexible hinges along the radial direction of the upper anchor plate, and the portion between the two radial rows of anchor bolts is regarded as a beam with supports at both ends.

3. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for determining the anchor plate structure also includes: Calculate the shear force data of the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; The second thickness of the upper anchor plate is calculated based on the shear force data and the shear strength of the upper anchor plate.

4. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for determining the anchor plate structure also includes: Based on the first thickness and the second thickness of the upper anchor plate, data related to the thickness of the upper anchor plate are determined.

5. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the anchor plate structure also includes: The punching shear force of the grout is calculated based on the first stress, the thickness of the grout, and the thickness of the outer beam, and the calculated punching shear force of the grout is verified to be less than a predetermined value.

6. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for determining the anchor plate structure also includes: The local load acting on the local pressure surface of the substrate is calculated based on the first stress and the contact area between the substrate and the grout, and it is verified whether the calculated local load acting on the local pressure surface of the substrate is less than a predetermined value.

7. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the anchor plate structure also includes: Calculate the third bending moment data for the portion corresponding to the second beam based on the second load and the length of the second beam; The second thickness of the lower anchor plate is calculated based on the third bending moment data and the yield strength of the lower anchor plate; The larger of the first thickness and the second thickness is determined as the minimum thickness of the lower anchor plate.

8. The method for determining the anchor plate structure of the anchor bolt mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate is divided into multiple parts along the circumferential direction.

9. A device for determining the anchor plate structure of an anchor bolt mechanism, characterized in that, The anchor bolt mechanism includes a flange, an upper anchor plate, grout, a substrate, and an anchor bolt. The grout is disposed between the upper anchor plate and the substrate. The anchor bolt passes through the flange, the upper anchor plate, the grout, and the substrate, and fixes the flange to the upper anchor plate. The anchor plate structure determining device includes: The model building module establishes a mechanical model that treats the portion of the upper anchor plate extending beyond the flange as an outer beam; The calculation module is configured as follows: Calculate the first stress between the upper anchor plate and the grouting material, and the first arc length of the upper anchor plate; The load on the portion of the outer beam corresponding to the first stress and the first arc length is calculated based on the first stress and the first arc length; Calculate the bending moment data corresponding to the portion of the outer beam based on the load and the length of the outer beam; The first thickness of the upper anchor plate is calculated based on the bending moment data and the strength data of the upper anchor plate. The anchor bolt mechanism further includes a lower anchor plate, through which the anchor bolt passes and fixes the lower anchor plate. The model building module also builds a mechanical model of the lower anchor plate. In the mechanical model of the lower anchor plate, in the radial direction, the anchor bolt is considered a flexible hinge, the portion of the lower anchor plate outside the anchor bolt is considered a cantilever beam, and the portion between two rows of anchor bolts in the radial direction is considered a first beam with supports at both ends; in the circumferential direction, the portion of the lower anchor plate between a single row of anchor bolts is considered a second beam with supports at both ends, and the remaining positions are considered a continuous beam structure. The computing module is further configured as follows: Calculate the second stress on the lower anchor plate caused by the tension in the lower anchor plate, the second arc length of the lower anchor plate, and the width of the lower anchor plate; The first load corresponding to the portion of the cantilever beam is calculated based on the second stress and the second arc length, and the second load corresponding to the portion of the first beam or the second beam with supports at both ends is calculated based on the second stress and the width of the lower anchor plate. Calculate the first bending moment data of the portion corresponding to the cantilever beam based on the first load and the length of the cantilever beam; Calculate the second bending moment data for the portion corresponding to the first beam based on the second load and the length of the first beam; The first thickness of the lower anchor plate is calculated based on the larger value of the first bending moment data and the second bending moment data, as well as the yield strength of the lower anchor plate.

10. An anchor plate for an anchor bolt mechanism, characterized in that, The anchor plate of the anchor bolt mechanism is determined based on the anchor plate structure determination method according to any one of claims 1-8.

11. An anchor bolt mechanism, characterized in that, Includes the anchor plate according to claim 10.

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