A refrigeration system for a high temperature superconducting magnet

Abstract

The application relates to the field of superconducting application refrigeration technology, and discloses a refrigeration system for a high-temperature superconducting magnet, which comprises a cold shield, a cold head for transmitting low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant onto the cold shield, a compressor connected with the cold head through a hose, the compressor being used for providing the cold head with low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant, a water chiller used for providing the compressor with required cold water and taking away heat generated by the compressor, a first detection module arranged on a superconducting magnet, the first detection module being used for detecting the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time, and a controller used for controlling the refrigerant dosage according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet. The application controls the refrigerant dosage by detecting the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet, solves the problem of low refrigerant use efficiency, monitors related equipment of the refrigeration system in real time, and greatly improves the safety performance of the refrigeration system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of superconducting application refrigeration technology, in particular to a refrigeration system for high-temperature superconducting magnet. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of superconducting technology, superconducting magnets are more and more widely used in scientific research and industry. At present, in large application occasions such as high-energy accelerators, high-energy particle detectors, nuclear fusion devices, etc., superconducting magnets are widely used, and in some occasions, superconducting magnets are almost the only choice. In some small and medium-sized application occasions, superconducting magnets also have considerable development prospects, such as superconducting magnetic single crystal growth furnace, superconducting magnetic separation device, superconducting nuclear magnetic imaging device, etc. However, the realization of superconductivity cannot be separated from the application of refrigeration technology, which provides the most basic operating conditions for superconducting applications, and is an important and inseparable part of the whole superconducting application system.

[0003] A stable low-temperature refrigeration system is very important for superconducting magnets. The common low-temperature refrigeration system is composed of a cold head, a compressor and a chiller unit, and liquid nitrogen is selected as the refrigerant to cool the high-temperature superconducting magnet. The common method is to directly immerse the superconducting magnet in liquid nitrogen. The method is simple and direct. However, liquid nitrogen is constantly evaporated and consumed, so it needs to be replenished regularly, the operation procedure is complicated, the use efficiency of the refrigerant is low, the monitoring work of the refrigeration system is not meticulous, the related equipment of the refrigeration system cannot be safely operated, and the refrigeration efficiency is reduced. Therefore, how to provide a refrigeration system for high-temperature superconducting magnet is a technical problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a refrigeration system for high-temperature superconducting magnet. The present application controls the amount of refrigerant by monitoring the environment around the superconducting magnet, and detects the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water of the chiller unit. When the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water exceeds the preset temperature difference threshold, different warning signals are sent, solving the problem of low use efficiency of refrigerant, not meticulous monitoring of refrigeration system, causing related equipment of refrigeration system to be unable to operate safely, and reducing refrigeration efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a refrigeration system for high-temperature superconducting magnet, which comprises:

[0006] A cold shield;

[0007] A cold head for transmitting low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant to the cold shield;

[0008] A compressor connected to the cold head by a hose, the helium compressor being used to provide low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant for the cold head;

[0009] A water chiller is arranged to provide the required cold water for the compressor and to take away the heat generated by the compressor;

[0010] A first detection module is arranged inside the superconducting magnet, and is configured to detect the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time;

[0011] A controller is configured to control the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, when the controller is configured to control the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet, the controller comprises:

[0013] The controller is provided with a preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M and a preset refrigerant amount matrix Q, wherein the preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M is set as M (M1, M2, M3, M4), wherein M1 is a first preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, M2 is a second preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, M3 is a third preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, and M4 is a fourth preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, and M1

[0014] The preset refrigerant amount matrix Q is set as Q (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), wherein Q1 is a first preset refrigerant amount, Q2 is a second preset refrigerant amount, Q3 is a third preset refrigerant amount, and Q4 is a fourth preset refrigerant amount, and Q1

[0015] The ambient temperature T1 of the superconducting magnet is obtained in real time, and the corresponding refrigerant amount is selected according to the relationship between T1 and the superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M;

[0016] When T1

[0017] When M1

[0018] When M2

[0019] When M3

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the detection module is further configured to detect the ambient temperature T2 of the cold shield in real time, and the controller corrects the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature T2 of the cold shield;

[0021] The controller is provided with a preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient A and a preset cold screen ambient temperature matrix E. For the preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient A, A (A1, A2, A3, A4) is set, wherein A1 is a first preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, A2 is a second preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, A3 is a third preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, and A4 is a fourth preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, and 1

[0022] For the preset cold screen ambient temperature matrix E, E (E1, E2, E3, E4) is set, wherein E1 is a first preset cold screen ambient temperature, E2 is a second preset cold screen ambient temperature, E3 is a third preset cold screen ambient temperature, and E4 is a fourth preset cold screen ambient temperature, and E1

[0023] The ambient temperature T2 is detected in real time, and the amount of the refrigerant is corrected according to the relationship between T2 and the preset cold screen ambient temperature E;

[0024] When T2

[0025] When E1

[0026] When E2

[0027] When E3

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, a rotary switch valve is arranged on the cold head, and the controller controls the opening degree of the rotary switch valve according to the amount of the refrigerant;

[0029] The controller is provided with a preset rotary switch valve opening degree matrix H. For the preset rotary switch valve opening degree matrix H, H (H1, H2, H3, H4) is set, wherein H1 is a first preset rotary switch valve opening degree, H2 is a second preset rotary switch valve opening degree, H3 is a third preset rotary switch valve opening degree, and H4 is a fourth preset rotary switch valve opening degree, and H1

[0030] selecting the first preset rotary switch valve opening degree H1 as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve when the refrigerant usage amount is A1*Q1;

[0031] selecting the second preset rotary switch valve opening degree H2 as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve when the refrigerant usage amount is A2*Q2;

[0032] selecting the third preset rotary switch valve opening degree H3 as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve when the refrigerant usage amount is A3*Q3;

[0033] selecting the fourth preset rotary switch valve opening degree H4 as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve when the refrigerant usage amount is A4*Q4.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the refrigeration system further comprises:

[0035] a second detection module arranged on the water chiller, the second detection module being configured to detect the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller within a preset time length.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 the controller comprises:

[0037] a calculation module configured to calculate the inlet-outlet water temperature difference based on the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller;

[0038] a warning module configured to send different warning signals when the inlet-outlet water temperature difference exceeds a preset inlet-outlet water temperature difference threshold.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, when the inlet-outlet water temperature difference is calculated based on the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller, the calculation comprises:

[0040] the formula for calculating the inlet-outlet water temperature difference I is: I = T4-T3;

[0041] wherein the inlet water temperature of the water chiller is T3 and the outlet water temperature is T4.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, when the different warning signals are sent when the inlet-outlet water temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature threshold, the sending comprises:

[0043] The controller is provided with a preset water temperature difference threshold matrix F, for the water temperature difference threshold matrix F, F (F1, F2, F3, F4) is set, wherein F1 is a first preset water temperature difference threshold, F2 is a second preset water temperature difference threshold, F3 is a third preset water temperature difference threshold, and F4 is a fourth preset water temperature difference threshold, and F1F2F3F4;

[0044] The controller is also provided with a first preset warning signal, a second preset warning signal, a third preset warning signal and a fourth preset warning signal;

[0045] According to the relationship between the water temperature difference I and the preset water temperature difference threshold matrix F, the corresponding warning signal is sent;

[0046] When F1I<F2, the first preset warning signal is sent;

[0047] When F2I<F3, the second preset warning signal is sent;

[0048] When F3I<F4, the third preset warning signal is sent;

[0049] When F4I, the fourth preset warning signal is sent.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the first detection module specifically comprises:

[0051] A first temperature sensor is arranged on the superconducting magnet, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature T1 of the superconducting magnet in real time;

[0052] A second temperature sensor is arranged on the cold screen side, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature T2 of the cold screen in real time.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the second detection module specifically comprises:

[0054] A third temperature sensor is arranged at the water inlet of the chiller unit, and the third temperature sensor is used to obtain the water inlet temperature T3 of the chiller unit;

[0055] A fourth temperature sensor is arranged at the water outlet of the chiller unit, and the fourth temperature sensor is used to obtain the water outlet temperature T4 of the chiller unit.

[0056] The present application provides a refrigeration system for a high-temperature superconducting magnet, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0057] The application discloses a refrigeration system for a high-temperature superconducting magnet, comprising: a cold shield; a cold head for transmitting low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant to the cold shield; a compressor connected with the cold head through a hose, the helium compressor being used for providing the cold head with low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant; a water chiller, the water chiller being used for providing the compressor with required cold water and taking away heat generated by the compressor; a first detection module arranged on the superconducting magnet, the first detection module being used for detecting the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time; and a controller, the controller being used for controlling the refrigerant dosage according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet. The application controls the refrigerant dosage by monitoring the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet, detects the temperature difference between the outlet water and the inlet water of the water chiller, and sends a warning signal when the temperature difference between the outlet water and the inlet water exceeds a preset temperature difference threshold value, so that the problems of low use efficiency of the refrigeration medium, non-detailed monitoring of the refrigeration system and non-safety operation of the refrigeration system related equipment and low refrigeration efficiency are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of the refrigeration system for the high-temperature superconducting magnet is shown in the embodiment of the application.

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the controller is shown in the embodiment of the application.

[0060] Wherein:

[0061] 1, cold head; 2, compressor; 3, cold shield; 4, water chiller; 5, rotary on-off valve; 6, third temperature sensor; 7, fourth temperature sensor; 8, second temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The specific embodiments of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the application, but are not used to limit the scope of the application.

[0063] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0064] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and do not connote or imply relative importance or a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0065] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 Embodiments of the present application disclose a refrigeration system for a high-temperature superconducting magnet, the system comprising:

[0068] A cold shield;

[0069] A cold head 1 for transmitting low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant to the cold shield 3;

[0070] A compressor 2 connected to the cold head 1 by a hose, the helium compressor 2 being used to provide low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant for the cold head 1;

[0071] A water chiller 4 for providing the compressor 2 with the required cold water to remove the heat generated by the compressor 2;

[0072] A first detection module arranged inside the superconducting magnet, the first detection module being used to detect the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time;

[0073] A controller for controlling the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet.

[0074] In the present embodiment, the temperature of the superconducting magnet is detected in real time to control the amount of refrigerant, greatly improving the use efficiency of the refrigerant. The refrigeration system is used to cool the high-temperature superconducting magnet, the amount of refrigerant is controlled by detecting the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time, and the opening degree of the rotary on-off valve 5 arranged on the cold head 1 is controlled, solving the problem of low use efficiency of the refrigeration medium.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, the controller is configured to control the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet, and comprises:

[0076] The controller is provided with a preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M and a preset refrigerant amount matrix Q. For the preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M, M (M1, M2, M3, M4) is set, wherein M1 is a first preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, M2 is a second preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, M3 is a third preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, and M4 is a fourth preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, and M1 < M2 < M3 < M4.

[0077] For the preset refrigerant amount matrix Q, Q (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) is set, wherein Q1 is a first preset refrigerant amount, Q2 is a second preset refrigerant amount, Q3 is a third preset refrigerant amount, and Q4 is a fourth preset refrigerant amount, and Q1 < Q2 < Q3 < Q4.

[0078] The ambient temperature T1 of the superconducting magnet is obtained in real time, and the corresponding refrigerant amount is selected according to the relationship between T1 and the superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M.

[0079] When T1 < M1, the first preset refrigerant amount Q1 is selected as the current refrigerant amount.

[0080] When M1 ≤ T1 < M2, the second preset refrigerant amount Q2 is selected as the current refrigerant amount.

[0081] When M2 ≤ T1 < M3, the third preset refrigerant amount Q3 is selected as the current refrigerant amount.

[0082] When M3 ≤ T1 < M4, the fourth preset refrigerant amount Q4 is selected as the current refrigerant amount.

[0083] In this embodiment, when the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet gradually increases, it indicates that the refrigeration effect is low, and the amount of refrigerant needs to be increased.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, the detection module is further configured to detect the ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen 3 in real time, and the controller corrects the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen 3.

[0085] The controller is provided with a preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient A and a preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature matrix E. For the preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient A, A (A1, A2, A3, A4) is set, wherein A1 is a first preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, A2 is a second preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, A3 is a third preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, and A4 is a fourth preset refrigerant amount correction coefficient, and 1

[0086] For the preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature matrix E, E (E1, E2, E3, E4) is set, wherein E1 is a first preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature, E2 is a second preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature, E3 is a third preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature, and E4 is a fourth preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature, and E1

[0087] The ambient temperature T2 is detected in real time, and the amount of the refrigerant is corrected according to the relationship between T2 and the preset cold screen 3 ambient temperature E;

[0088] When T2

[0089] When E1

[0090] When E2

[0091] When E3

[0092] In this embodiment, according to historical data, it can be found that the ambient temperature of the cold screen 3 also affects the amount of the refrigerant. When the ambient temperature of the cold screen 3 increases, the environment of the superconducting magnet increases, and the amount of the refrigerant is corrected to appropriately increase the amount of the refrigerant to reduce the temperature of the superconducting magnet.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, the cold head 1 is provided with a rotary switch valve 5, and the controller controls the opening degree of the rotary switch valve 5 according to the amount of the refrigerant;

[0094] The controller is provided with a preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree matrix H, for the preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree matrix H, set H (H1, H2, H3, H4), wherein H1 is the first preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree, H2 is the second preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree, H3 is the third preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree, and H4 is the fourth preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree, and H1 < H2 < H3 < H4;

[0095] When the refrigerant usage is A1*Q1, the first preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree H1 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve 5;

[0096] When the refrigerant usage is A2*Q2, the second preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree H2 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve 5;

[0097] When the refrigerant usage is A3*Q3, the third preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree H3 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve 5;

[0098] When the refrigerant usage is A4*Q4, the fourth preset rotary switch valve 5 opening degree H4 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve 5.

[0099] In the embodiment, the rotary switch valve controls the refrigerant usage from the refrigerant filling mechanism, and the opening degree of the rotary switch valve is selected according to the refrigerant usage.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, the refrigeration system further comprises:

[0101] The second detection module is arranged on the water chiller 4, and is configured to detect the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature in the water chiller 4 within a preset time length.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, the controller comprises:

[0103] The calculation module is configured to calculate the inlet water temperature difference according to the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller 4.

[0104] The early warning module is configured to send different early warning signals when the inlet water temperature difference exceeds a preset inlet water temperature difference threshold.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present application, when the inlet water temperature difference is calculated according to the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller 4, it comprises:

[0106] The formula for calculating the inlet water temperature difference I is: I = T4-T3;

[0107] Wherein, the inlet water temperature of the water chiller 4 is T3, and the outlet water temperature is T4.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, the sending of different early warning signals when the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water exceeds a preset temperature threshold comprises:

[0109] The controller is provided with a preset temperature difference threshold matrix F, and for the temperature difference threshold matrix F, F (F1, F2, F3, F4) is set, wherein F1 is a first preset temperature difference threshold, F2 is a second preset temperature difference threshold, F3 is a third preset temperature difference threshold, and F4 is a fourth preset temperature difference threshold, and F1 < F2 < F3 < F4;

[0110] The controller is also provided with a first preset early warning signal, a second preset early warning signal, a third preset early warning signal, and a fourth preset early warning signal;

[0111] According to the relationship between the temperature difference I between the inlet and outlet water and the preset temperature difference threshold matrix F, a corresponding early warning signal is sent;

[0112] When F1 < I < F2, the first preset early warning signal is sent;

[0113] When F2 ≤ I < F3, the second preset early warning signal is sent;

[0114] When F3 ≤ I < F4, the third preset early warning signal is sent;

[0115] When F4 ≤ I, the fourth preset early warning signal is sent.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present application, the first detection module specifically comprises:

[0117] A first temperature sensor is arranged on the superconducting magnet, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature T1 around the superconducting magnet in real time;

[0118] A second temperature sensor 8 is arranged on one side of the cold screen 3, and the second temperature sensor 8 is used to detect the ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen 3 in real time.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present application, the second detection module specifically comprises:

[0120] A third temperature sensor is arranged at the water inlet of the water chiller 4, and the third temperature sensor 6 is used to obtain the inlet water temperature T3 of the water chiller 4;

[0121] A fourth temperature sensor 7 is arranged at the water outlet of the water chiller 4, and the fourth temperature sensor 7 is used to obtain the outlet water temperature T4 of the water chiller 4.

[0122] In summary, the refrigeration system for the high-temperature superconducting magnet in the embodiment of the application comprises: a cold shield 3; a cold head 1 for transmitting low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant to the cold shield 3; a compressor 2 connected to the cold head 1 through a hose, the helium compressor 2 being used for providing the cold head 1 with low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant; a water chiller 4, which is used for providing the compressor 2 with required cold water and taking away the heat generated by the compressor 2; a first detection module arranged on the superconducting magnet, which is used for detecting the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time; and a controller, which is used for controlling the amount of refrigerant according to the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet. The application controls the amount of refrigerant by monitoring the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet, detects the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water of the water chiller 4, and sends a warning signal when the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water exceeds the preset temperature difference threshold, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency of refrigeration medium, lack of monitoring of the refrigeration system, and inability of the related equipment of the refrigeration system to operate safely, and reducing the refrigeration efficiency.

[0123] In the description of the above-described embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0124] Although the application has been described with reference to the embodiments above, various modifications can be made to the application and equivalents thereof without departing from the scope of the application. In particular, features of the disclosed embodiments can be combined in any manner without structural conflict, and the combinations are not all described in the specification only for the purpose of saving space and resources. Therefore, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0125] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the application, and is not intended to limit the application, although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements of some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets, characterized in that, include: Cold screen; A cold head is used to transfer low-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant to the cold shield; A compressor is connected to the cold head via a hose, and the compressor is used to provide the cold head with a low-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant; A chiller unit is used to provide the required chilled water to the compressor and remove the heat generated by the compressor. The first detection module is located inside the superconducting magnet and is used to detect the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet in real time. The controller is used to control the amount of refrigerant used based on the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet; When the controller is used to control the amount of refrigerant based on the ambient temperature of the superconducting magnet, it includes: The controller is configured with a preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M and a preset refrigerant dosage matrix Q. For the preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature matrix M, M(M1, M2, M3, M4) is set, where M1 is the first preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, M2 is the second preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, M3 is the third preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, and M4 is the fourth preset superconducting magnet ambient temperature, and M1 < M2 < M3 < M4. For the preset refrigerant usage matrix Q, set Q(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), where Q1 is the first preset refrigerant usage, Q2 is the second preset refrigerant usage, Q3 is the third preset refrigerant usage, Q4 is the fourth preset refrigerant usage, and Q1 < Q2 < Q3 < Q4. The ambient temperature T1 of the superconducting magnet is acquired in real time, and the corresponding amount of refrigerant is selected according to the relationship between T1 and the ambient temperature matrix M of the superconducting magnet. When T1 < M1, the first preset refrigerant dosage Q1 is selected as the current refrigerant dosage; When M1≤T1<M2, the second preset refrigerant dosage Q2 is selected as the current refrigerant dosage; When M2≤T1<M3, the third preset refrigerant dosage Q3 is selected as the current refrigerant dosage; When M3≤T1<M4, the fourth preset refrigerant dosage Q4 is selected as the current refrigerant dosage.

2. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detection module is also used to detect the ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen in real time, and the controller corrects the amount of refrigerant based on the ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen. The controller is configured with a preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient A and a preset ambient temperature matrix E around the cold shield. For the preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient A, A(A1, A2, A3, A4) is set, where A1 is the first preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient, A2 is the second preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient, A3 is the third preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient, and A4 is the fourth preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient, and 1 < A1 < A2 < A3 < A4 < 1.5; For the preset ambient temperature matrix E around the cold screen, set E(E1, E2, E3, E4), where E1 is the first preset ambient temperature around the cold screen, E2 is the second preset ambient temperature around the cold screen, E3 is the third preset ambient temperature around the cold screen, and E4 is the fourth preset ambient temperature around the cold screen, and E1 < E2 < E3 < E4. The ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen is detected in real time, and the amount of refrigerant is corrected by selecting the corresponding correction coefficient based on the relationship between T2 and the preset ambient temperature matrix E around the cold screen. When T2 < E1, the first preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient A1 is selected to correct the first preset refrigerant dosage Q1, and the corrected refrigerant dosage is A1*Q1. When E1≤T2<E2, the second preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient A2 is selected to correct the second preset refrigerant dosage Q2, and the corrected refrigerant dosage is A2*Q2; When E2≤T2<E3, the third preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient A3 is selected to correct the third preset refrigerant dosage Q3, and the corrected refrigerant dosage is A3*Q3; When E3≤T2<E4, the fourth preset refrigerant dosage correction coefficient A4 is selected to correct the fourth preset refrigerant dosage Q4, and the corrected refrigerant dosage is A4*Q4.

3. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cold head is equipped with a rotary switch valve, and the controller controls the opening degree of the rotary switch valve according to the amount of refrigerant used. The controller is configured with a preset rotary valve opening matrix H. For the preset rotary valve opening matrix H, H(H1, H2, H3, H4) is set, where H1 is the first preset rotary valve opening, H2 is the second preset rotary valve opening, H3 is the third preset rotary valve opening, and H4 is the fourth preset rotary valve opening, and H1 < H2 < H3 < H4. When the refrigerant dosage is A1*Q1, the first preset rotary switch valve opening degree H1 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve; When the refrigerant dosage is A2*Q2, the second preset rotary switch valve opening degree H2 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve; When the refrigerant dosage is A3*Q3, the third preset rotary switch valve opening degree H3 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve; When the refrigerant dosage is A4*Q4, the fourth preset rotary switch valve opening degree H4 is selected as the current opening degree of the rotary switch valve.

4. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second detection module is installed on the chiller unit. The second detection module is used to detect the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature in the chiller unit within a preset time period.

5. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controller includes: The calculation module is used to calculate the inlet water temperature difference based on the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature of the chiller unit; The early warning module is used to send different early warning signals when the inlet and outlet water temperature difference exceeds a preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold.

6. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the inlet water temperature difference based on the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature of the chiller unit includes: The formula for calculating the inlet and outlet water temperature difference I is: I = T4 - T3; The inlet water temperature of the chiller unit is T3, and the outlet water temperature is T4.

7. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of sending different warning signals when the inlet and outlet water temperature difference exceeds a preset temperature threshold includes: The controller is configured with a preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold matrix F. For the inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold matrix F, F(F1, F2, F3, F4) is set, where F1 is the first preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold, F2 is the second preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold, F3 is the third preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold, F4 is the fourth preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold, and F1 < F2 < F3 < F4. The controller is also equipped with a first preset warning signal, a second preset warning signal, a third preset warning signal and a fourth preset warning signal; Based on the relationship between the inlet and outlet water temperature difference I and the preset inlet and outlet water temperature difference threshold matrix F, a corresponding early warning signal is sent. When F1 < I < F2, send the first preset warning signal; When F2≤I<F3, send the second preset warning signal; When F3≤I<F4, the third preset warning signal is sent; When F4≤I, the fourth preset warning signal is sent.

8. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detection module specifically includes: A first temperature sensor is disposed on the superconducting magnet, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature T1 around the superconducting magnet in real time. A second temperature sensor is disposed on one side of the cold screen. The second temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature T2 around the cold screen in real time.

9. The cooling system for high-temperature superconducting magnets according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second detection module specifically includes: The third temperature sensor is installed at the water inlet of the chiller unit and is used to obtain the water inlet temperature T3 of the chiller unit. The fourth temperature sensor is installed at the water outlet of the chiller unit and is used to obtain the water outlet temperature T4 of the chiller unit.

Images