Surface rock fracture detector and its exploration method

Abstract

This invention discloses a surface rock fracture detector, comprising a signal transmission module, a signal amplification module, a signal receiving module, a display module, a noise reduction module, a first arrival module, and an information processing module. This invention utilizes the high precision inherent in ultra-high frequency (UHF) seismic signals and extracts local and non-local structural detail attributes from UHF seismic data in the spatiotemporal domain. Using image block matching technology, it obtains the specific morphology of fractures in the geology, enabling timely preprocessing of fractures and thus reducing the occurrence of landslides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and more specifically to a surface rock fracture detector and its exploration method. Background Technology

[0002] The study of geological internal structure is of great significance for mine operation, as mine collapses are highly likely during mining. Under such uncontrollable conditions, the lives of miners are endangered, resulting in substantial economic losses. Many factors contribute to mine collapses, with internal geological fissures being a crucial factor. These fissures compromise the stability of the geological structure, and the presence of water within them further reduces stability. Therefore, the study of fissures in geological structures is extremely important. However, currently, there are no effective methods to clearly and accurately analyze the morphology of fissures within the geological structure, leading to frequent mine collapse accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a surface rock fracture detector and its exploration method. This invention utilizes the high precision of ultra-high frequency seismic signals and extracts local and non-local structural detail attributes from ultra-high frequency seismic data in the spatiotemporal domain. By using image block matching technology, the specific morphology of fractures in geology can be obtained, and fracture preprocessing can be performed in a timely manner in the early stage, thereby reducing the occurrence of landslides.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a surface rock fracture detector, comprising a signal transmission module, a signal amplification module, a signal receiving module, a display module, a noise reduction module, a first arrival module, and an information processing module;

[0005] The signal transmitting module is used to excite ultra-high frequency ultrasonic waves for geological exploration, providing initial energy waves for detecting the internal structural features of geological bodies;

[0006] The signal amplification module is used to amplify the ultra-high frequency ultrasonic signal excited by the signal transmitting module to simulate seismic waves;

[0007] The signal receiving module is used to receive reflected waves generated when ultrasonic waves propagate through geological bodies;

[0008] The display module is used to display the processed and converted signal wave and show it in a waveform diagram.

[0009] The noise reduction module is used to remove interfering sound waves present in the environment and to filter out interfering sound waves doped in the reflected waves.

[0010] The initial arrival module is used to record the time from receiving the excitation signal wave to receiving the first reflected wave, as well as the time of each signal wave received in the signal receiving module, and to calculate the difference between each time.

[0011] The information processing module is used to process the received signal waves and present the final results through the display module.

[0012] In one preferred embodiment, the signal transmitting module is an ultrasonic excitation device.

[0013] In one preferred embodiment, the signal receiving module is equipped with at least three seismic detectors.

[0014] Methods for exploring fractures in surface rock strata include the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Collect topographic and geological data of the open-pit area to be explored, including topographic features, geological interface features, and structural data;

[0016] Step 2: Dig a deep well and place the ultrasonic excitation device into the deep well;

[0017] Step 3: Based on the information obtained in Step 1 and the geological task's requirements for fracture exploration, design an observation system;

[0018] Step 4: According to the system and the exploration needs, arrange the seismic detectors near the deep well and insert the probes into the ground surface;

[0019] Step 5: Activate the ultrasonic excitation device to emit simulated seismic waves and observe the contents of the display module to make a preliminary judgment on whether it is working properly;

[0020] Step 6: After stabilization, collect the information received by the seismic detector, then change the position and spacing of the seismic detector, and collect the data again. Repeat this operation multiple times.

[0021] Step 7: Based on the definition of the rank of a high-dimensional tensor, by integrating Tucker decomposition and CP decomposition, and making full use of the nonlocal self-similarity of the seismic tensor, a new definition model of the rank applicable to the seismic data tensor is proposed, and the specific mathematical form is determined as follows:

[0022] minE(X)=rank(L)+λTV(E) st X=L+E,

[0023]

[0024] Where rank(L) represents the tensor rank of the original signal L, and TV(E) is the total variation of the noise component.

[0025] The collected data is substituted into the above formula to calculate the parameters of the internal fractures of the geological body. By analyzing the parameters, the length, width, direction, dip, and dip angle of the fractures are obtained, and the morphology of the fractures is determined.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The ultra-high frequency seismic signal itself has high precision, and the coupled model has certain advantages in handling such problems. Its evolution behavior is a coupling of multiple complex behaviors, which has a certain degree of adaptability and improves the model's processing capability. By extracting the local and non-local structural detail attributes of ultra-high frequency seismic data in the spatiotemporal domain, this study aims to construct an appropriate distance metric to measure the similarity between seismic data sub-blocks using image block matching technology based on the self-similarity of seismic data. Seismic data sub-blocks that meet the similarity requirements are combined to form a seismic data structural information tensor, and the relevant properties of the similar structural tensor are analyzed to obtain the specific morphology of cracks in geology, thereby enabling timely preprocessing of cracks and reducing the occurrence of landslides. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship principle of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This invention provides a seismic data processing workflow based on tensor decomposition and total variation. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed during use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0034] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] The terms "parallel" and "perpendicular" do not mean that the components must be absolutely parallel or perpendicular, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "parallel" simply means that its direction is more parallel than "perpendicular," not that the structure must be completely parallel, but that it can be slightly tilted.

[0036] The terms "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, or sagging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0037] Furthermore, terms like "approximately" and "basically" are used to indicate that the content does not require absolute precision, but rather allows for a certain degree of deviation. For example, "approximately equal to" does not simply mean absolute parallelism; because in actual production and operation, it is difficult to achieve absolute "equality," and a certain degree of deviation is generally present. Therefore, in addition to absolute equality, "approximately equal to" also includes the aforementioned situation where a certain degree of deviation exists. Taking this as an example, in other cases, unless otherwise specified, terms like "approximately" and "basically" have similar meanings as described above.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a technical solution: a surface rock fracture detector, comprising a signal transmitting module, a signal amplification module, a signal receiving module, a display module, a noise reduction module, an initial arrival module, and an information processing module. The signal transmitting module is used to excite ultra-high frequency ultrasonic waves for geological exploration, providing initial energy waves for detecting the internal structural features of geological bodies. The signal amplification module amplifies the ultra-high frequency ultrasonic signal excited by the signal transmitting module to simulate seismic waves. The signal receiving module receives reflected waves generated when ultrasonic waves propagate through geological bodies. The display module displays the processed and converted signal waves and presents a waveform diagram. The noise reduction module removes interfering sound waves present in the environment and filters out interfering sound waves mixed in with the reflected waves. The initial arrival module records the time from the excitation of the signal wave to the first reception of the reflected wave, as well as the time of each signal wave received by the signal receiving module, and calculates the difference between each time. The information processing module processes the received signal waves and presents the final results through the display module. The ultra-high frequency (UHF) seismic signals themselves possess high precision, and coupled-type models have certain advantages in handling such problems. Their evolutionary behavior involves the coupling of multiple complex behaviors, exhibiting a degree of adaptability and improving the model's processing capabilities. By extracting local and non-local structural detail attributes from the spatiotemporal domain of UHF seismic data, this study aims to construct an appropriate distance metric to measure the similarity between seismic data sub-blocks using image block matching technology, based on the self-similarity of seismic data. Seismic data sub-blocks that meet the similarity requirements are combined to form a seismic data structural information tensor, and the correlation properties of similar structural tensors are analyzed to obtain the specific morphology of cracks in geology. This allows for timely preprocessing of cracks in the early stages, reducing the occurrence of landslides.

[0040] Preferably, the signal transmitting module is an ultrasonic excitation device.

[0041] Preferably, the signal receiving module is equipped with at least three seismic detectors.

[0042] Methods for exploring fractures in surface rock strata include the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Collect topographic and geological data of the open-pit area to be explored, including topographic features, geological interface features, and structural data;

[0044] Step 2: Dig a deep well and place the ultrasonic excitation device into the deep well;

[0045] Step 3: Based on the information obtained in Step 1 and the geological task's requirements for fracture exploration, design an observation system;

[0046] Step 4: According to the system and the exploration needs, arrange the seismic detectors near the deep well and insert the probes into the ground surface;

[0047] Step 5: Activate the ultrasonic excitation device to emit simulated seismic waves and observe the contents of the display module to make a preliminary judgment on whether it is working properly;

[0048] Step 6: After stabilization, collect the information received by the seismic detector, then change the position and spacing of the seismic detector, and collect the data again. Repeat this operation multiple times.

[0049] Step 7: Based on the definition of the rank of a high-dimensional tensor, by integrating Tucker decomposition and CP decomposition, and making full use of the nonlocal self-similarity of the seismic tensor, a new definition model of the rank applicable to the seismic data tensor is proposed, and the specific mathematical form is determined as follows:

[0050] minE(X)=rank(L)+λTV(E) st X=L+E,

[0051]

[0052] Where rank(L) represents the tensor rank of the original signal L, and TV(E) is the total variation of the noise component.

[0053] The collected data is substituted into the above formula to calculate the parameters of the internal fractures of the geological body. By analyzing the parameters, the length, width, direction, dip, and dip angle of the fractures are obtained, and the morphology of the fractures is determined.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surface rock fracture detector, characterized in that: It includes a signal transmitting module, a signal amplification module, a signal receiving module, a display module, a noise reduction module, a primary reception module, and an information processing module; The signal transmitting module is used to excite ultra-high frequency ultrasonic waves for geological exploration, providing initial energy waves for detecting the internal structural features of geological bodies; The signal amplification module is used to amplify the ultra-high frequency ultrasonic signal excited by the signal transmitting module to simulate seismic waves; The signal receiving module is used to receive reflected waves generated when ultrasonic waves propagate through geological bodies; The display module is used to display the processed and converted signal wave and show it in a waveform diagram. The noise reduction module is used to remove interfering sound waves present in the environment and to filter out interfering sound waves doped in the reflected waves. The initial arrival module is used to record the time from receiving the excitation signal wave to receiving the first reflected wave, as well as the time of each signal wave received in the signal receiving module, and to calculate the difference between each time. The information processing module is used to process the received signal wave, substituting the received signal wave into the formula: min E(X)=rank(L)+λTV(E)stX=L+E, In stX=L+E., the specific morphology of the fracture in the geology is obtained, and the final result is presented through the display module; This formula is based on the definition of the rank of a high-dimensional tensor. By integrating Tucker decomposition and CP decomposition, it makes full use of the nonlocal self-similarity of the seismic tensor and proposes a specific mathematical form of the rank applicable to the seismic data tensor.

2. The surface rock fracture detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal transmitting module is an ultrasonic excitation device.

3. The surface rock fracture detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal receiving module is equipped with at least three seismic detectors.

4. The method of using the surface rock fracture detector according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect topographic and geological data of the open-pit area to be explored, including topographic features, geological interface features, and structural data; Step 2: Dig a deep well and place the ultrasonic excitation device into the deep well; Step 3: Based on the information obtained in Step 1 and the geological task's requirements for fracture exploration, design an observation system; Step 4: According to the system and the exploration needs, arrange the seismic detectors near the deep well and insert the probes into the ground surface; Step 5: Activate the ultrasonic excitation device to emit simulated seismic waves and observe the contents of the display module to make a preliminary judgment on whether it is working properly; Step 6: After stabilization, collect the information received by the seismic detector, then change the position and spacing of the seismic detector, and collect the data again. Repeat this operation multiple times. Step 7: Based on the definition of the rank of a high-dimensional tensor, by integrating Tucker decomposition and CP decomposition, and fully utilizing the nonlocal self-similarity of the seismic tensor, a new definition model of the rank applicable to seismic data tensors is proposed, and its specific mathematical form is determined as follows: min E(X)=rank(L)+λTV(E)stX=L+E, Where rank(L) represents the tensor rank of the original signal L, and TV(E) is the total variation of the noise component; The collected data is substituted into the above formula to calculate the parameters of the internal fractures of the geological body. By analyzing the parameters, the length, width, direction, dip, and dip angle of the fractures are obtained, and the morphology of the fractures is determined.

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