A large-dip-angle, multi-seam underground mining system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a large-dip-angle and multi-seam underground mining system for coal mine, which comprises a working face extending along the seam, a transport shaft and an air return shaft, and further comprises a downwardly developed air return roadway, an auxiliary transport roadway and a main transport roadway; the auxiliary transport roadway is arranged in a downward slope through the bottommost seam, and the downward slope dip angle is 0°-6°; a section crosscut is arranged on the auxiliary transport roadway, and the communication between the auxiliary transport roadway and the section crosscut is below the bottommost seam; the section crosscut is upwardly developed through all the seams and communicates with the upper or lower crossheading of each working face, and the upward slope dip angle is 0°-6°. Materials and personnel can be directly transported to each working face in the extension area along the auxiliary transport roadway and the section crosscut by using trackless rubber-tyred vehicles, thereby saving the transportation link, reducing the number of working face installation and removal and the number of auxiliary transport post personnel, and realizing the construction of an extremely simple and efficient mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, specifically to an underground mining system for steeply inclined, multi-seam coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] The underground transportation system in a coal mine mainly includes the coal transportation system and the auxiliary transportation system. The coal transportation system transports the mined coal, while the auxiliary transportation system is primarily responsible for transporting personnel and mining equipment. Traditional auxiliary transportation methods consist of the following equipment types: main horizontal haulage roadways typically use overhead electric locomotives, while mining area roadways mainly use mine winches and small battery-powered locomotives. The main problems with traditional auxiliary transportation methods are: numerous transportation links, system complexity, high equipment requirements, multiple transfers and relocations from the mine bottom yard to the working face, and a large number of auxiliary personnel.

[0003] Currently, the more advanced and efficient auxiliary transportation equipment successfully developed in China for underground coal mines mainly includes: diesel-powered monorails, endless rope winches traction mine cars, and trackless rubber-tired vehicles. The diesel-powered monorail system is a locomotive running on I-beam rails, which are suspended from the roadway roof. Diesel-powered monorails have advantages such as strong continuous transportation capacity, large transportation capacity, and a wide range of applicable gradients, but their traction capacity and weight capacity are slightly inferior. Endless rope winches traction mine cars are suitable for direct transportation uphill and downhill in mining areas and along the working face under medium- and short-distance, steep incline, variable slope, and heavy-tonnage conditions. Their biggest advantage is their wide applicability and adaptability to a large incline range, with relatively low equipment investment. Disadvantages include limited transportation capacity and distance, relatively low traction force, and lower transportation efficiency, making them unsuitable for large-volume auxiliary transportation in main roadways. Furthermore, the underground tracks are often uneven, which can cause mine cars to derail. Once heavy equipment derails, getting it back on track is extremely difficult, and it can even lead to secondary overturning accidents. Trackless rubber-tired vehicles are rubber-tired transport vehicles that run on the floor of underground roadways. They do not require special tracks and have the advantages of simple system, high transportation efficiency and strong adaptability. However, they are only suitable for near-horizontal coal seams with a small dip angle, generally not exceeding 6°.

[0004] To improve the transportation efficiency of coal mine auxiliary transportation systems and reduce transportation links and personnel, using trackless rubber-tired vehicles is the best choice. However, some coal mines have a large number of coal seams with large dip angles, making it difficult to apply trackless rubber-tired vehicles. Therefore, a reasonable and efficient coal mine transportation roadway layout plan is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem that current trackless rubber-tired vehicle transportation is not easily applied to transportation systems in coal mines with steep inclines and multiple coal seams, this invention provides an underground mining system for coal mines with steep inclines and multiple coal seams.

[0006] A deep-dipping, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system includes a working face extending laterally along the coal seam, a transport shaft, and a return air shaft. One end of the transport shaft and the return air shaft is connected to an industrial area. The other end of the return air shaft extends underground and connects to a return air roadway. The other end of the transport shaft extends underground to the bottom yard of the first level shaft. The bottom yard of the first level shaft is connected to an auxiliary transport roadway and a main transport roadway. The return air roadway, auxiliary transport roadway, and main transport roadway extend downwards, and their other ends are all connected to the bottom yard of the second level shaft. The auxiliary transport roadway is set downslope through the bottom coal seam with a downslope angle of 0° to 6°. Section gates are set on the auxiliary transport roadway, and the connection between the auxiliary transport roadway and the section gates is located below the bottom coal seam. The section gates extend upwards through all coal seams and connect to the face roadway or the under-face roadway of the working face with an upslope angle of 0° to 6°.

[0007] Furthermore, the auxiliary transport roadway includes a first-level auxiliary transport gate and a second-level secondary inclined shaft. One end of the first-level auxiliary transport gate is connected to the bottom yard of the first-level shaft, and the other end is connected to the second-level secondary inclined shaft. The other end of the second-level secondary inclined shaft is connected to the bottom yard of the second-level shaft. The section gate is set on the second-level secondary inclined shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the horizontal auxiliary stone gate extends downwards in a zigzag pattern.

[0009] Furthermore, the downslope angle of the second-level auxiliary inclined shaft is 5.5°~6°, preferably 6°.

[0010] Furthermore, the main transport roadway includes a second-level main inclined shaft, which is arranged along the stable rock strata on the top of the lowest coal seam. The second-level main inclined shaft is connected to the roadway on the working face or the roadway below the working face.

[0011] Furthermore, the second-level main inclined shaft is connected to the first-level auxiliary transport tunnel.

[0012] Furthermore, the return air roadway includes a return air inclined shaft, which is arranged along the roof of the lowest coal seam and is connected to the face roadway or the lower face roadway.

[0013] Furthermore, the main haulage roadway also includes a first-level main haulage gate and a main haulage roadway. One end of the first-level main haulage gate connects to the bottom yard of the first-level shaft, and the other end connects to the main haulage roadway. The other end of the main haulage roadway connects to the second-level main inclined shaft. The auxiliary haulage roadway also includes an auxiliary haulage roadway. One end of the auxiliary haulage roadway connects to the first-level auxiliary haulage gate, and the other end connects to the second-level secondary inclined shaft. Section gates are located on the auxiliary haulage roadway. The return airway also includes a main return air inclined shaft and a return air roadway. One end of the main return air inclined shaft connects to the bottom yard of the auxiliary level shaft, and the other end connects to the return air roadway. The other end of the return air roadway connects to the second-level return air inclined shaft. The second-level main inclined shaft, the second-level secondary inclined shaft, and the second-level return air inclined shaft are arranged at the mine boundary, realizing the design concept of a single-wing, long-strike, and large working face in the downhill mountain area.

[0014] Furthermore, the transport shaft includes a main shaft and an auxiliary shaft. One horizontal main transport gate is connected to the main shaft at one end and to the second horizontal main inclined shaft at the other end; one horizontal auxiliary transport gate is connected to the auxiliary shaft at one end and to the second horizontal auxiliary inclined shaft at the other end.

[0015] Furthermore, trackless rubber-tired vehicles are used for transportation in auxiliary transport tunnels, while belt conveyors are used for transportation in the main transport tunnels.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The steep-angle, multi-coal-seam underground mining system provided by this invention achieves sequential mining from top to bottom across the entire mining area through the construction of three underground inclined shafts and a centralized multi-coal-seam mining layout. By setting up section stone gates on the downward auxiliary transport roadways with a slope ≤6°, and extending these gates upwards at a slope ≤6° to connect with the working face, the system achieves the setting of auxiliary transport roadways with a slope ≤6° within the steep-angle coal seam mining system, meeting the operational requirements of trackless rubber-tired vehicles. Personnel and materials are loaded from the surface via trackless rubber-tired vehicles, transported from the cage to the bottom yard, and then to the upper and lower roadways on the working face, resulting in significant economic and safety benefits.

[0018] 2. The section gates in the steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system provided by this invention connect multiple working faces, forming a "one-stop transportation mode" in the extended area. That is, after materials and personnel are loaded on the ground, they are directly transported to various working faces in the extended area through the auxiliary shaft using trackless rubber-tired vehicles. This saves transportation links, reduces the number of times working faces are set up and removed, and reduces the number of personnel in auxiliary transportation positions, thus realizing extremely simple and efficient mine construction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the underground coal mining system in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of each coal seam and the two-level main inclined shaft, the two-level auxiliary inclined shaft and the two-level return air inclined shaft in Embodiment 1 of this application; the "-" before the degree in the figure indicates the upslope dip angle, otherwise it is the downslope dip angle.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the underground coal mining system in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of each coal seam and the two-level main inclined shaft, the two-level auxiliary inclined shaft and the two-level return air inclined shaft in Embodiment 2 of this application; the "-" before the degree in the figure indicates the upslope dip angle, otherwise it is the downslope dip angle.

[0024] In the diagram, 1. Industrial site; 2. Transport shaft; 21. Main shaft; 22. Auxiliary shaft; 3. Return air shaft; 4. First level shaft bottom yard; 5. Auxiliary transport roadway; 51. First level auxiliary transport gate; 52. Second level auxiliary inclined shaft; 53. Auxiliary transport main roadway; 6. Main transport roadway; 61. Second level main inclined shaft; 62. First level main transport gate; 63. Main transport main roadway; 7. Second level shaft bottom yard; 8. Section gate; 9. First working face; 91. First working face upper roadway; 92. First working face lower roadway; 10. Auxiliary level return air gate; 11. Return air roadway; 111. First level return air inclined shaft; 112. Second level return air inclined shaft; 113. Main return air inclined shaft; 114. Return air main roadway. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Xinwen Mining Group's Changcheng No. 2 Mine is located in the Shanghai Temple Industrial Park, Etuoke Banner, Inner Mongolia, covering an area of ​​40.83 square kilometers. It has coal reserves of 430 million tons, a designed mine capacity of 4 million tons per year, and a service life of 52 years. The main coal type is gas coal. The southern area of ​​Changcheng No. 2 Mine is a multi-seam coal seam group, with the main mining seams being No. 3, No. 5, and No. 9. The dip angle of each seam is 23°~26°. The design level of the mining system in this area is auxiliary level +740m, first level +520m, and second level +260m.

[0028] The underground mining system of this coal mine includes working faces extending laterally along each coal seam, wherein the first working face 9 is the area between the upper roadway 91 and the lower roadway 92 of the first working face. The underground mining system of this coal mine includes a transport shaft 2 and a return air shaft 3. One end of the transport shaft 2 is connected to the industrial square 1, and the other end of the transport shaft 2 extends underground to the first horizontal shaft bottom yard 4; the first horizontal shaft bottom yard 4 is connected to the auxiliary transport roadway 5 and the main transport roadway 6; the auxiliary transport roadway 5 and the main transport roadway 6 extend downwards, and the other end of both are connected to the second horizontal shaft bottom yard 7. The auxiliary transport roadway 5 includes a first horizontal auxiliary transport gate 51 and a second horizontal secondary inclined shaft 52. One end of the first horizontal auxiliary transport gate 51 is connected to the first horizontal shaft bottom yard 4, and the other end extends downwards in a "Z" shape to connect with the second horizontal secondary inclined shaft 52; the second horizontal secondary inclined shaft 52 is set downslope through the No. 9 coal seam, with a downslope angle of 6°. Sectional stone gate 8 is installed on the second-level auxiliary inclined shaft 52. The connection between the second-level auxiliary inclined shaft 52 and section stone gate 8 is located below coal seam #9. Section stone gate 8 extends upward through coal seams #9, #5, and #3, with an upslope angle of 6°. Section stone gate 8 is connected to the lower roadway of each working face.

[0029] The main transport roadway 6 includes a second-level main inclined shaft 61. One end of the second-level main inclined shaft 61 is connected to a first-level auxiliary transport gate 51, and the other end is arranged along the stable rock strata on the roof of the No. 9 coal seam, through the No. 5 coal seam and the No. 3 coal seam, with a downslope angle of 21°. The second-level main inclined shaft 61 is connected to the upper roadway of each working face.

[0030] The other end of the return air shaft 3 extends underground to the auxiliary horizontal return air gate 10. The auxiliary horizontal return air gate 10 is connected to the return air roadway 11. The return air roadway 11 includes a horizontal return air inclined shaft 111 and a second horizontal return air inclined shaft 112. The second horizontal return air inclined shaft 112 is arranged along the roof of the No. 9 coal seam, through the No. 5 coal seam and the No. 3 coal seam downslope, with a downslope angle of 17°. The second horizontal return air inclined shaft 112 is connected to the upper roadway of each working face.

[0031] The main haulage roadway 6 is equipped with a 1.6m wide belt conveyor for coal transportation; the auxiliary haulage roadway 5 uses trackless rubber-tired vehicles for material and personnel transportation; and the return air roadway 11 serves as the return air for the extended horizontal zone. After materials and personnel are loaded at the industrial plaza 1, they are lowered to the first level shaft bottom yard 4 via the haulage shaft 2, and then directly transported to various working faces in the extended zone via the auxiliary haulage roadway 5 and the section gate 8 using trackless rubber-tired vehicles. This saves on transportation links, reduces the number of working face setups and dismantling operations, and the number of personnel in auxiliary haulage positions, achieving extremely simple and efficient mine construction.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Xinwen Mining Group's Great Wall No. 6 Mine is located in the Shanghai Temple Industrial Park, Etuoke Banner, Inner Mongolia. The mine has a designed production capacity of 1.5 million tons per year and coal reserves of 135 million tons. The coal seams exhibit good stability and continuity, with the main mining seams being No. 3, No. 5, and No. 9, each with a dip angle of 23°~26°. This group of seams represents a coal seam group with favorable occurrence conditions in the Shanghai Temple mining area. The mining system is designed with a first level at +520m and a second level at +230m.

[0034] The underground mining system includes working faces extending laterally along each coal seam, wherein the first working face 9 is the area between the upper roadway 91 and the lower roadway 92 of the first working face. The underground mining system also includes a transport shaft 2 and a return air shaft 3. In this embodiment, the transport shaft 2 includes a main shaft 21 and an auxiliary shaft 22. Both the main shaft 21 and the auxiliary shaft 22 are connected at one end to the industrial site 1, and at the other end extend underground to the first horizontal shaft bottom yard 4. The first horizontal shaft bottom yard 4 is connected to the auxiliary transport roadway 5 and the main transport roadway 6. The return air roadway 11, the auxiliary transport roadway 5, and the main transport roadway 6 are extended downwards, and at the other end they are all connected to the second horizontal shaft bottom yard 7.

[0035] The auxiliary transport roadway 5 includes a first-level auxiliary transport gate 51, an auxiliary main roadway 53, and a second-level secondary inclined shaft 52. One end of the first-level auxiliary transport gate 51 connects to the bottom yard 4 of the first-level shaft, and the other end connects to the auxiliary main roadway 53. The other end of the auxiliary main roadway 53 connects to the second-level secondary inclined shaft 52. The second-level secondary inclined shaft 52 is set downhill through the No. 9 coal seam with a downslope angle of 6°, and the other end extends downward to the bottom yard 7 of the second-level shaft. A section gate 8 is set on the auxiliary main roadway 53. The connection between the second-level secondary inclined shaft 52 and the section gate 8 is located below the No. 9 coal seam. The section gate 8 extends upward through the No. 9, No. 5, and No. 3 coal seams with an upslope angle of 6°. The section gate 8 can serve the working faces of each section of the No. 9, No. 5, and No. 3 coal seams, and the section gate 8 connects to the lower roadway of each working face.

[0036] The main haulage roadway 6 includes a first-level main haulage gate 62, a main haulage roadway 63, and a second-level main inclined shaft 61. One end of the first-level main haulage gate 62 connects to the first-level shaft bottom yard 4, and the other end connects to the main haulage roadway 63. The other end of the main haulage roadway 63 connects to the second-level main inclined shaft 61. The second-level main inclined shaft 61 is arranged downhill along the stable rock strata on the roof of coal seam #9, with a downhill angle of 21°. The other end of the second-level main inclined shaft 61 extends downwards to the second-level shaft bottom yard 7. The second-level main inclined shaft 61 connects to the lower roadway of each working face.

[0037] The other end of the return air shaft 3 extends underground, connecting to the return air roadway 11. The return air roadway 11 includes the main return air inclined shaft 113, the main return air roadway 114, and the second-level return air hidden inclined shaft 112. One end of the main return air inclined shaft 113 connects to the bottom yard of the auxiliary horizontal shaft, and the other end connects to the main return air roadway 114. The other end of the main return air roadway 114 connects to the second-level return air hidden inclined shaft 112. The second-level return air hidden inclined shaft 112 is arranged along the roof of the No. 9 coal seam, with a downward slope angle of 23°, extending downward to the bottom yard 7 of the second horizontal shaft. The second-level return air hidden inclined shaft 112 connects to the upper or lower roadway of each working face.

[0038] By setting up auxiliary haulage roadway 53, main haulage roadway 63 and return air roadway 114, and arranging the second-level main inclined shaft 61, second-level auxiliary inclined shaft 52 and second-level return air inclined shaft 112 at the mine boundary, the design concept of single-wing, long-strike, and large working face in the downhill mountain area was realized.

[0039] The main haulage roadway 6 is equipped with a 1.6m wide belt conveyor for coal transportation; the auxiliary haulage roadway 5 uses trackless rubber-tired vehicles for material and personnel transportation; and the return air roadway 11 serves as the return air for the extended horizontal zone. After materials and personnel are loaded at the industrial plaza 1, they are lowered through the auxiliary shaft 22 to the bottom yard 4 of the first level shaft. From there, they are directly transported to various working faces in the extended zone via the auxiliary haulage roadway 5 and the section gate 8 using trackless rubber-tired vehicles. This saves on transportation links, reduces the number of working face setups and dismantling operations, and decreases the number of personnel in auxiliary haulage positions, achieving a simplified and efficient mine construction.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made to the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the invention, and such modifications or substitutions should all be within the scope of the present invention. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should also be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-dipping, multi-seam underground mining system, comprising a working face extending laterally along the coal seam, characterized in that, It also includes a transport shaft and a return air shaft, one end of which is connected to the industrial area; the other end of the return air shaft extends underground and is connected to a return air tunnel; the other end of the transport shaft extends underground to the bottom yard of the first level shaft; the bottom yard of the first level shaft is connected to an auxiliary transport tunnel and a main transport tunnel; the return air tunnel, the auxiliary transport tunnel and the main transport tunnel are extended downwards, and the other end of each is connected to the bottom yard of the second level shaft. The auxiliary transport roadway is set downhill through the bottom coal seam with a downslope angle of 0° to 6°. Section gates are set on the auxiliary transport roadway, and the connection between the auxiliary transport roadway and the section gates is located below the bottom coal seam. The section gates open up through all coal seams and connect with the roadway on each working face or the roadway below the working face, with an upslope angle of 0° to 6°.

2. The steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a first-level auxiliary transport gate and a second-level secondary inclined shaft. One end of the first-level auxiliary transport gate is connected to the bottom yard of the first-level shaft, and the other end is connected to the second-level secondary inclined shaft. The other end of the second-level secondary inclined shaft is connected to the bottom yard of the second-level shaft. The section gate is set on the second-level secondary inclined shaft.

3. The steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal auxiliary stone gate extends downwards in a zigzag shape.

4. The deep-dipping, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The downslope angle of the second-level auxiliary inclined shaft is 5.5°~6°.

5. The deep-dipping, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main transport roadway includes a second-level main inclined shaft, which is arranged along the stable rock strata on the top of the lowest coal seam. The second-level main inclined shaft is connected to the roadway on the working face or the roadway below the working face.

6. The steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second-level main inclined shaft is connected to the first-level auxiliary transport tunnel.

7. The steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The return airway includes the return air inclined shaft, which is arranged along the roof of the lowest coal seam and is connected to the working face roadway or the lower working face roadway.

8. The steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The main haulage roadway also includes a first-level main haulage gate and a main haulage roadway. One end of the first-level main haulage gate is connected to the bottom yard of the first-level shaft, and the other end is connected to the main haulage roadway. The other end of the main haulage roadway is connected to the second-level main inclined shaft. The auxiliary haulage roadway also includes an auxiliary haulage roadway. One end of the auxiliary haulage roadway is connected to the first-level auxiliary haulage gate, and the other end is connected to the second-level secondary inclined shaft. Section gates are located on the auxiliary haulage roadway. The return airway also includes a main return air inclined shaft and a return air roadway. One end of the main return air inclined shaft is connected to the bottom yard of the auxiliary level shaft, and the other end is connected to the return air roadway. The other end of the return air roadway is connected to the second-level return air inclined shaft. The second-level main inclined shaft, the second-level secondary inclined shaft, and the second-level return air inclined shaft are located at the mine boundary.

9. The steep-angle, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The transport shaft includes a main shaft and an auxiliary shaft. One horizontal main transport gate is connected to the main shaft at one end and to the second horizontal main inclined shaft at the other end; one horizontal auxiliary transport gate is connected to the auxiliary shaft at one end and to the second horizontal auxiliary inclined shaft at the other end.

10. The deep-dipping, multi-seam coal mine underground mining system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Trackless rubber-tired vehicles are used for transportation in auxiliary transport tunnels, while belt conveyors are used for transportation in the main transport tunnels.

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