Patch type dielectric antenna and electronic device

Abstract

This invention discloses a patch-type dielectric antenna and electronic device. The patch-type dielectric antenna includes: a radiator with equal length and width; and a metal component disposed on a surface of the radiator defined by its long and wide sides. The metal component includes a first metal plating layer, a second metal plating layer, a third metal plating layer, and a fourth metal plating layer, each with the same shape. The first and second metal plating layers are symmetrical about the central axis of their long sides, and are also symmetrical about the central axis of their wide sides. The third and fourth metal plating layers are also symmetrical about the central axis of their wide sides, and are also symmetrical about the central axis of their long sides. Any one of the first and second metal plating layers, and any one of the third and fourth metal plating layers, is used for connection to a feed line on an external circuit board. This antenna eliminates the need to distinguish between the length and width directions of the radiator during installation, improving installation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a patch dielectric antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid evolution of modern wireless communication technology, the development of 5G standards and technologies has become an industry consensus. The main communication frequency bands of 5G can be divided into two bands: Sub-6GHz and millimeter wave. Due to its advantages such as wide bandwidth, large information capacity, small antenna size, and ease of integration, millimeter wave has gradually become an important technology for 5G communication. At the same time, millimeter wave antennas also have drawbacks such as high loss, high precision requirements in manufacturing, and high cost, making the large-scale promotion and use of millimeter wave antennas extremely challenging.

[0003] Currently, most dielectric millimeter-wave antennas are single-polarized, and they suffer from problems such as complex plate structures and installation processes. The need to distinguish directions during installation also leads to low installation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a patch-type dielectric antenna, which aims to solve the problems of complex installation procedures and low efficiency of millimeter-wave antennas.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a patch-type dielectric antenna, comprising:

[0006] A radiating body whose length and width are equal;

[0007] A metal component is disposed on a surface of the radiator defined by its long side and wide side. The metal component includes a first metal plating layer, a second metal plating layer, a third metal plating layer, and a fourth metal plating layer. The first, second, third, and fourth metal plating layers have the same shape. The first and second metal plating layers are symmetrical about the central axis of the long side and about the central axis of the wide side. The third and fourth metal plating layers are symmetrical about the central axis of the wide side and about the central axis of the long side. Any one of the first and second metal plating layers and any one of the third and fourth metal plating layers is used for connection to a feed line of an external circuit board.

[0008] Optionally, the dimension of the radiator in the height direction is not equal to the dimension in the length direction.

[0009] Optionally, the metal component further includes a fifth metal plating layer, which is annular in shape and symmetrical about the central axis of the wide side and about the central axis of the long side. The first metal plating layer, the second metal plating layer, the third metal plating layer, and the fourth metal plating layer are located outside the fifth metal plating layer, and all of the first metal plating layer, the second metal plating layer, the third metal plating layer, and the fourth metal plating layer are connected to the fifth metal plating layer.

[0010] Optionally, one of the first metal plating layer and the second metal plating layer, as well as the other of the third metal plating layer and the fourth metal plating layer, are used for connection with the pads of an external circuit board.

[0011] Optionally, the radiator is made of ceramic.

[0012] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the radiator is 21, and the dielectric loss of the radiator is 0.00054.

[0013] Optionally, the radiator has a length dimension of 1.18 mm, a width dimension of 1.18 mm, and a height dimension of 1.00 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the dimensions of the first and second metal coatings along the width direction are 0.24 mm, and the dimensions of the third and fourth metal coatings along the length direction are 0.24 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the inner diameter of the fifth metal coating is 0.32 mm, and the outer diameter of the fifth metal coating is 0.40 mm.

[0016] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0017] The above-mentioned patch-type dielectric antenna;

[0018] The circuit board has two mutually perpendicular feed lines. One feed line is electrically connected to either the first metal plating layer or the second metal plating layer, and the other feed line is electrically connected to either the third metal plating layer or the fourth metal plating layer.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Unlike the prior art, the patch-type dielectric antenna in this invention includes a radiator and a metal component. The radiator has equal dimensions in both the length and width directions. The metal component is connected to the radiator and is disposed on a surface of the radiator defined by its long and wide sides. The metal component includes a first metal plating layer, a second metal plating layer, a third metal plating layer, and a fourth metal plating layer. All four metal plating layers are generally sheet-like and have the same shape. They are electrically connected to each other. The first and second metal plating layers are spaced apart. The first metal plating layer is symmetrical about the central axis of its long side, and the second metal plating layer is symmetrical about the central axis of its long side. Furthermore, both the first and second metal plating layers are symmetrical about the central axis of their wide sides. The third and fourth metal plating layers are spaced apart. The third metal plating layer is symmetrical about the central axis of the wider side, and the fourth metal plating layer is symmetrical about the central axis of the wider side. Both the third and fourth metal plating layers are symmetrical about the central axis of the longer side. Therefore, the line connecting the first and second metal plating layers is perpendicular to the line connecting the third and fourth metal plating layers, and the intersection of this line with the line connecting the third and fourth metal plating layers is located at the geometric center of their respective planes. Either the first and second metal plating layers, or either the third and fourth metal plating layers, is used for connection to the feed lines of an external circuit board. Therefore, the included angle between the two feed lines of the patch dielectric antenna proposed in this application is 90 degrees, making the patch dielectric antenna a dual-polarized antenna. This patch dielectric antenna eliminates the need to distinguish between the length and width directions of the radiator during installation, simplifying the installation process and improving installation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a patch dielectric antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of a patch dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of a patch dielectric antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a simulation result of the S-parameters of a patch dielectric antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a radiation pattern of a patch dielectric antenna at 38.5 GHz when one port is fed alone, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the radiation pattern of a patch dielectric antenna at 38.5 GHz when its other port is fed separately, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a simulation result diagram of the S-parameters of a patch dielectric antenna with different length and width dimensions for a radiator in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a simulation result of the S-parameters of a patch dielectric antenna with different heights for the radiator in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a patch dielectric antenna with different widths for the first, second, third, and fourth metal coatings in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a simulation result diagram of the S-parameters of a patch dielectric antenna with a fifth metal coating under different inner diameters in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a simulation result diagram of the S-parameters of a patch dielectric antenna with a fifth metal coating under different outer diameters in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 100. Patch-type dielectric antenna; 1. Radiator; 2. Metal component; 21. First metal coating; 22. Second metal coating; 23. Third metal coating; 24. Fourth metal coating; 25. Fifth metal coating; 200. Circuit board; 300. Feeder. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a patch dielectric antenna 100, which includes a radiator 1 and a metal component 2. The radiator 1 is block-shaped. In the accompanying drawings, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis represent the length direction, width direction, and height direction, respectively. The sides of the radiator 1 along the length direction, width direction, and height direction are respectively denoted as the long side, the wide side, and the high side. The dimensions of the radiator 1 in the length direction and the width direction are equal, that is, at least one surface of the radiator 1 is square.

[0037] Metal component 2 is connected to radiator 1 and is disposed on a surface of radiator 1 defined by its long side and wide side, i.e., on a square surface of radiator 1. Metal component 2 includes a first metal plating layer 21, a second metal plating layer 22, a third metal plating layer 23, and a fourth metal plating layer 24. All four metal plating layers are sheet-like cuboids with identical shapes. The first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 are spaced apart. The first metal plating layer 21 is symmetrical about its long side's central axis L1, and the second metal plating layer 22 is symmetrical about its long side's central axis L1, and also symmetrical about its wide side's central axis L2. The third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 are spaced apart. The third metal plating layer 23 is symmetrical about the central axis L2 of its wider side, and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is symmetrical about the central axis L2 of its wider side. Furthermore, the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 are symmetrical about the central axis L1 of their longer sides. Therefore, the line connecting the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 is perpendicular to the line connecting the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24. The intersection of this line with the line connecting the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 and the line connecting the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is located at the geometric center of the plane (the intersection point S of L1 and L2). It should be noted that the lines connecting the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22, and the lines connecting the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 are hypothetical and used to illustrate their positional relationship; these lines do not actually exist.

[0038] Either the first metal plating layer 21 or the second metal plating layer 22 is connected to a feed line 300 of the external circuit board 200 to provide an excitation source for the patch dielectric antenna 100. Either the third metal plating layer 23 or the fourth metal plating layer 24 is connected to another feed line 300 of the external circuit board 200 to provide another excitation source for the patch dielectric antenna 100. Therefore, the included angle between the two feed lines 300 of the patch dielectric antenna 100 proposed in this application is 90 degrees, making the patch dielectric antenna 100 a dual-polarized antenna.

[0039] When the patch-type dielectric antenna 100 is installed on an external circuit board, the initial installation position is designated as the 0-degree position. After the radiator 1 rotates 90 degrees, the metal part 2 at the 90-degree position can still completely overlap with the metal part 2 at the 0-degree position (initial installation position). This ensures that, regardless of whether the patch-type dielectric antenna 100 is at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, or 270 degrees, the metal part 2 satisfies the requirement that any one of the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22, as well as any one of the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24, can be used to connect to the feed line 300 of the external circuit board 200. Therefore, the patch-type dielectric antenna 100 does not require differentiation between the length and width directions of the radiator 1 during installation, improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, the patch-type dielectric antenna 100 also has the advantage of a simple board structure.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the dimension C in the height direction of the radiator 1 is not equal to the dimension A in the length direction, that is, the radiator 1 is a cuboid. Therefore, during installation, it is only necessary to distinguish the height side to avoid incorrect installation direction.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the metal component 2 further includes a fifth metal plating layer 25, which is annular in shape and symmetrical about the central axis of its wide side and its long side. Specifically, the geometric center of the fifth metal plating layer 25 coincides with the intersection point S of the central axis L1 of the long side and the central axis L2 of the wide side. The first metal plating layer 21, the second metal plating layer 22, the third metal plating layer 23, and the fourth metal plating layer 24 are located outside the fifth metal plating layer 25. All of these layers are connected to the fifth metal plating layer 25; that is, the electrical connection between the first metal plating layer 21, the second metal plating layer 22, the third metal plating layer 23, and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is achieved through the fifth metal plating layer 25. Relative to the initial installation position, regardless of whether the radiator 1 is rotated 90 degrees, 180 degrees or 270 degrees, the metal part 2 can still completely coincide with the radiator 1 at the 0-degree position (initial installation position).

[0042] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, one of the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 is suspended, and the other of the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 is used to connect with the pads of the external circuit board 200 to further improve the connection strength between the patch dielectric antenna and the external circuit 200. The other of the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is suspended, and the other of the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is used to connect with the pads of the external circuit board 200 to further improve the connection strength between the patch dielectric antenna and the external circuit 200. This patch dielectric antenna 100 has the advantage of easy installation and is also easy to replace during later maintenance.

[0043] In some embodiments, the radiator 1 is made of ceramic. The ceramic radiator 1 has characteristics such as low loss and low dielectric constant, which can achieve higher frequencies and smaller sizes. In addition, the ceramic material has good anti-interference performance, which can effectively reduce the impact of external interference on antenna performance.

[0044] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of radiator 1 is 21, and the dielectric loss of radiator 1 is 0.00054.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the dimension A of the radiator 1 along the length direction is 1.18 mm, the dimension B of the radiator 1 along the width direction is 1.18 mm, and the dimension C of the radiator 1 along the height direction is 1.00 mm.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, when the radiator 1 has a length dimension A of 1.18 mm, a width dimension B of 1.18 mm, a height dimension C of 1, a width dimension D of the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22, a length dimension E of the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24, an inner diameter F of the fifth metal plating layer 25 of 0.32 mm, and an outer diameter G of the fifth metal plating layer 25 of 0.40 mm, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 The patch dielectric antenna 100 was placed at the center of a circuit board 200 with dimensions of 10 mm x 10 mm, and a signal was fed in from the side using a 50 Ω microstrip line. In this configuration, the patch dielectric antenna 100 operated in the n260 frequency band (37 GHz to 40 GHz). The S-parameter simulation results of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 In this context, S(1,1) represents the one-port reflection coefficient. Figure 4In this context, S(2,2) represents the two-port reflection coefficient. Figure 4 S(2,1) represents the isolation between the two ports. Figure 4 Since S(1,1) and S(2,2) coincide, the reflection coefficient of the patch dielectric antenna 100 is consistent at the two feed ports, and the reflection coefficient is less than -6.6dB and the isolation is greater than 10.2dB in the passband.

[0047] Please see Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when one port is fed alone at 38.5 GHz is shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown; please refer to Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when fed from another port at 38.5 GHz is shown below. Figure 6 As shown. By Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that when the two ports are fed individually, the radiation patterns are almost identical, and the signal energy is concentrated in one hemisphere, while the other hemisphere has almost no signal energy. Therefore, the patch dielectric antenna 100 is a directional antenna, and its maximum gain at 38.5 GHz is approximately 5.05 dBi.

[0048] Since the patch dielectric antenna 100 is symmetrically designed and placed at the center of the PCB board, the reflection coefficients at its two feed ports are consistent. Furthermore, minor changes in the shape of the radiator 1 and the dimensions of the feed and pads do not alter the resonant mode of the patch dielectric antenna 100, only causing a shift in the resonant frequency. In other words, the radiation characteristics of the patch dielectric antenna 100 do not change drastically with variations in the parameters under study. Moreover, because the feed points of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are cross-polarized, the isolation between the two ports is high and meets the requirements of TDD (Time-division Duplex) operation. Therefore, the impact of the dimensional parameters of the patch dielectric antenna 100 on its performance only requires studying the variation of the reflection coefficient at one feed port with the dimensional parameters.

[0049] When only the dimension A along the length of the radiator 1 is changed, the simulation results of the reflection coefficient of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the S-parameters of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when the length dimension A of the radiator 1 is 1.08 mm, 1.18 mm, and 1.28 mm. Simulation results show that when the height dimension A of the radiator 1 increases from 1.08 mm to 1.28 mm, its resonant frequency decreases from 40.24 GHz to 35.85 GHz, and its in-band reflection coefficient is best when A equals 1.18 mm.

[0050] Since the width dimension B of radiator 1 is equal to the length dimension A, its in-band reflection coefficient is best when both A and B are equal to 1.18 mm.

[0051] When only the dimension C of the high side of the radiator 1 is changed, the simulation results of the reflection coefficient of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the S-parameter simulation results of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when the height side dimension C of the radiator 1 is 0.80 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.2 mm. The simulation results show that when the height side dimension C of the radiator 1 increases from 0.80 mm to 1.20 mm, its resonant frequency decreases from 39.44 GHz to 36.89 GHz, and its in-band reflection coefficient is best when C equals 1.00 mm.

[0052] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 have a width dimension D of 0.24 mm, and the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 have a length dimension E of 0.24 mm.

[0053] When only the dimension D of the first metal plating layer 21 along the width direction is changed, the simulation results of the reflection coefficient of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are as follows: Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the S-parameter simulation results of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when the size D of the first metal coating 21 is 0.18 mm, 0.24 mm, and 0.30 mm. The simulation results show that when the size D of the first metal coating 21 increases from 0.18 mm to 0.30 mm, its resonant frequency decreases from 38.25 GHz to 37.53 GHz, and its in-band reflection coefficient is best when G equals 0.24 mm.

[0054] Since the first metal plating layer 21, the second metal plating layer 22, the third metal plating layer 23, and the fourth metal plating layer 24 have the same shape, the patch dielectric antenna 100 has the best in-band reflection coefficient when the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 have a width dimension D of 0.24 mm, and the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 have a length dimension E of 0.24 mm.

[0055] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the inner diameter F of the fifth metal plating layer 25 is 0.32 mm, and the outer diameter G of the fifth metal plating layer 25 is 0.40 mm.

[0056] When only the inner diameter F of the fifth metal plating layer 25 is changed, the simulation results of the reflection coefficient of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are as follows: Figure 10As shown, Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the S-parameter simulation results of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when the inner diameter F of the fifth metal coating 25 is 0.29 mm, 0.32 mm, and 0.35 mm. The simulation results show that when the inner diameter F of the fifth metal coating 25 increases from 0.29 mm to 0.35 mm, its resonant frequency decreases from 38.25 GHz to 37.53 GHz, and its in-band reflection coefficient is best when F equals 0.32 mm.

[0057] When only the outer diameter G of the fifth metal coating 25 is changed, the simulation results of the reflection coefficient of the patch dielectric antenna 100 are as follows: Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 The diagram illustrates the S-parameter simulation results of the patch dielectric antenna 100 when the outer diameter G of the fifth metal coating 25 is 0.37 mm, 0.40 mm, and 0.43 mm. The simulation results show that when the outer diameter G of the fifth metal coating 25 increases from 0.37 mm to 0.43 mm, its resonant frequency decreases from 37.92 GHz to 37.75 GHz, and its in-band reflection coefficient is best when G equals 0.40 mm.

[0058] In summary, the patch-type dielectric antenna 100 includes a radiator 1 and a metal component 2. The radiator 1 has equal dimensions in both its length and width directions. The metal component 2 is connected to the radiator 1 and is disposed on a surface of the radiator 1 defined by its long and wide sides. The metal component 2 includes a first metal plating layer 21, a second metal plating layer 22, a third metal plating layer 23, and a fourth metal plating layer 24. All four metal plating layers are approximately sheet-like and have identical shapes. The first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 are spaced apart. The first metal plating layer 21 is symmetrical about the central axis of its long side, and the second metal plating layer 22 is symmetrical about the central axis of its long side, and also symmetrical about the central axis of its wide side. The third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 are spaced apart. The third metal plating layer 23 is symmetrical about the central axis of the wider side, and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is symmetrical about the central axis of the wider side. Furthermore, the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 are symmetrical about the central axis of the longer side. Therefore, the line connecting the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22 is perpendicular to the line connecting the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24, and the intersection of this line with the line connecting the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24 is located at the geometric center of the plane in which they are located. Either the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22, or either the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24, is used to connect to the feed line 300 of the external circuit board 200. Therefore, the included angle between the two feed lines 300 of the patch dielectric antenna 100 proposed in this application is 90 degrees, making the patch dielectric antenna 100 a dual-polarized antenna. The patch-type dielectric antenna 100 does not require differentiation between the length and width directions of the radiator 1 during installation, which simplifies the installation process and improves installation efficiency.

[0059] The present invention also provides an electronic device (not shown in the figure), please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The electronic device includes a circuit board 200 and the aforementioned patch-type dielectric antenna 100. The circuit board 200 has two mutually perpendicular feed lines 300. One feed line 300 is electrically connected to either the first metal plating layer 21 or the second metal plating layer 22, and the other feed line 300 is electrically connected to either the third metal plating layer 23 or the fourth metal plating layer 24, thereby powering the patch-type dielectric antenna 100. The other of the first metal plating layer 21 and the second metal plating layer 22, as well as the other of the third metal plating layer 23 and the fourth metal plating layer 24, are used to connect to the pads of the external circuit board 200, further improving the connection strength between the patch-type dielectric antenna 100 and the external circuit 200.

[0060] It should be noted that while the preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the specification and accompanying drawings, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are not intended to impose additional limitations on the content of the present invention; their purpose is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Furthermore, the above-described technical features can be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are considered to be within the scope of the present invention specification. Moreover, those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A patch dielectric antenna, characterized by include: A radiating body whose length and width are equal; A metal component is disposed on a surface of the radiator defined by its long side and wide side. The metal component includes a first metal plating layer, a second metal plating layer, a third metal plating layer, a fourth metal plating layer, and a fifth metal plating layer. The first, second, third, and fourth metal plating layers have the same shape, while the fifth metal plating layer is annular. The first and second metal plating layers are symmetrical about the central axis of the long side, and are also symmetrical about the central axis of the wide side. The third and fourth metal plating layers are also symmetrical about the central axis of the wide side, and the fifth metal plating layer is annular. The first metal plating layer and the fourth metal plating layer are symmetrical about the central axis of the long side; the fifth metal plating layer is symmetrical about the central axis of the wide side, and the fifth metal plating layer is also symmetrical about the central axis of the long side. The first metal plating layer, the second metal plating layer, the third metal plating layer, and the fourth metal plating layer are located outside the fifth metal plating layer, and all of the first metal plating layer, the second metal plating layer, the third metal plating layer, and the fourth metal plating layer are connected to the fifth metal plating layer. Any one of the first metal plating layer and the second metal plating layer, and any one of the third metal plating layer and the fourth metal plating layer, are used for connection to the feed line of an external circuit board.

2. The patch-shaped dielectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The height dimension of the radiator is not equal to its length dimension.

3. The patch-shaped dielectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other of the first metal plating layer and the second metal plating layer, as well as the other of the third metal plating layer and the fourth metal plating layer, are used for connection with the pads of an external circuit board.

4. The patch antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The radiator is made of ceramic.

5. The patch antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The dielectric constant of the radiator is 21, and the dielectric loss of the radiator is 0.00054.

6. The patch antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The radiator has a length dimension of 1.18 mm, a width dimension of 1.18 mm, and a height dimension of 1.00 mm.

7. The patch antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first and second metal coatings have a width dimension of 0.24 mm, and the third and fourth metal coatings have a length dimension of 0.24 mm.

8. The patch antenna of claim 1, wherein, The inner diameter of the fifth metal coating is 0.32 mm, and the outer diameter of the fifth metal coating is 0.40 mm.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The patch dielectric antenna as described in any one of claims 1-8; The circuit board has two mutually perpendicular feed lines. One feed line is electrically connected to either the first metal plating layer or the second metal plating layer, and the other feed line is electrically connected to either the third metal plating layer or the fourth metal plating layer.

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