Pressure reducing valve and fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of valve technology, specifically relating to a pressure reducing valve and a fuel cell vehicle. The pressure reducing valve includes an inlet connector and a gas outlet; a primary pressure reducing assembly includes a primary pressure reducing valve body and a primary pressure reducing component, the primary pressure reducing component being inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing component includes a primary pressure reducing section, with the gas outlet portion of the inlet connector inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body, and the primary pressure reducing section and the gas outlet being positioned opposite each other. In a first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary pressure reducing section gradually decreases in a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction. This solution, through the primary pressure reducing section, can reduce the noise generated during gas pressure reduction, improving the vehicle's noise, vibration, and acoustic roughness characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of valve technology, specifically relating to a pressure reducing valve and a fuel cell vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, automobiles are generally powered by gasoline. Due to the limited oil resources and the increasing pollution caused by burning oil, people have to seek new alternative energy sources, such as hydrogen. For hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, it is necessary to reduce the pressure of hydrogen gas at a high pressure of 70MPa or higher to the required target pressure while also meeting the requirement of high flow rate.

[0003] Existing pressure reducing valves tend to generate significant noise during the pressure reduction process of high-pressure gas, affecting the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) characteristics of automobiles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a pressure reducing valve and a fuel cell vehicle that can effectively reduce the noise generated by the pressure reducing valve and improve the noise, vibration and acoustic roughness characteristics of the vehicle.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a pressure reducing valve, comprising:

[0006] The inlet connector is equipped with a gas outlet.

[0007] A primary pressure reducing assembly includes a primary pressure reducing valve body and a primary pressure reducing component. The primary pressure reducing component is inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing component includes a primary pressure reducing section. The inlet connector with the gas outlet portion is inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing section and the gas outlet are arranged opposite to each other.

[0008] In the first direction: the cross-sectional area of ​​the first-stage pressure reducing part gradually decreases in the second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0009] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary pressure reducing assembly and the inlet connector are coaxially arranged;

[0010] The first direction is the axial direction of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body, and the second direction is the radial direction of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body.

[0011] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary pressure reducing valve body is provided with a first noise reduction hole, and in the first direction: the diameter of the first noise reduction hole gradually decreases;

[0012] The diameter of the first noise reduction hole near the inlet connector is smaller than the diameter of the first noise reduction hole near the primary pressure reducing component;

[0013] The inlet connector includes a first noise reduction part and a noise reduction block. The first noise reduction part is provided with the gas outlet. The first noise reduction part is inserted into the first noise reduction hole and is correspondingly arranged with the first-stage pressure reduction part. In the direction from the inlet connector to the first-stage pressure reduction part, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first noise reduction part gradually decreases in the second direction. The noise reduction block protrudes from the first noise reduction part.

[0014] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the pressure reducing valve further includes:

[0015] The connector has a connecting hole;

[0016] A secondary pressure reducing assembly, wherein the secondary pressure reducing assembly, the connector, the primary pressure reducing assembly, and the inlet connector are coaxially arranged; the secondary pressure reducing assembly includes a secondary pressure reducing valve body and a secondary pressure reducing component; the secondary pressure reducing valve body is connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body through the connector; the secondary pressure reducing component is inserted into the secondary pressure reducing valve body, and the secondary pressure reducing component includes a secondary pressure reducing section, which is disposed opposite to the communicating hole;

[0017] In the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary pressure reducing section gradually decreases in the second direction.

[0018] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary pressure reducing valve body includes a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a third mounting hole connected in sequence, and the inlet connector is inserted into the first mounting hole;

[0019] The primary pressure reducing component is provided with a primary airflow channel. A first airflow cavity is formed between the primary pressure reducing component, the inlet connector, and the second mounting hole. A second airflow cavity is formed between the primary pressure reducing component, the connector, and the third mounting hole. The first airflow cavity and the second airflow cavity are connected through the primary airflow channel.

[0020] Under the pressure difference between the first airflow chamber and the second airflow chamber, the first-stage pressure reducing component can move inside the first-stage pressure reducing valve body.

[0021] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary pressure reduction component further includes:

[0022] A first-stage pressure reducing piston is located on the side of the first-stage pressure reducing section away from the inlet connector. The first-stage pressure reducing piston has the first-stage airflow channel inside and a first protrusion protruding from it.

[0023] A primary elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the primary pressure reducing piston, and the primary elastic element is compressed between the first protrusion and the inner wall of the third mounting hole.

[0024] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the first-stage pressure reducing piston includes a first-stage pressure reducing head, a first-stage pressure reducing middle section, and a first-stage pressure reducing tail section connected in sequence, and the first-stage pressure reducing head, the first-stage pressure reducing middle section, and the first-stage pressure reducing tail section are all provided with the first-stage airflow channel;

[0025] The primary pressure reduction component also includes a primary noise reduction component, which is disposed in the primary airflow channel at the tail of the primary pressure reduction component. The primary noise reduction component is provided with a gas through hole, which corresponds to the primary airflow channel in the middle of the primary pressure reduction component.

[0026] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary noise reduction component is interference-fitted with the primary airflow channel at the primary pressure reduction tail.

[0027] The primary noise reduction component includes a first part and a second part. The first part is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the primary airflow channel of the primary decompression tail. The second part protrudes from the first part on the side away from the gas outlet, and the side of the second part away from the first part is chamfered.

[0028] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary pressure relief tail is provided with a plurality of primary grooves, and the plurality of primary grooves are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the primary pressure relief tail.

[0029] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the pressure reducing valve further includes a tail connector connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve body;

[0030] The secondary pressure reducing valve body includes a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole connected in sequence, and a portion of the tail connector is inserted into the third through hole;

[0031] One end of the connector is inserted into the third mounting hole, and the other end is inserted into the first through hole;

[0032] The secondary pressure reducing component is provided with a secondary airflow channel. A third airflow cavity is formed between the secondary pressure reducing component, the connector, and the first through hole. The third airflow cavity is connected to the second airflow cavity through the connecting hole. A fourth airflow cavity is formed between the secondary pressure reducing component, the tail connector, and the third through hole. The fourth airflow cavity is connected to the third airflow cavity through the secondary airflow channel.

[0033] Under the pressure difference between the third and fourth airflow chambers, the secondary pressure reducing component can move inside the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

[0034] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the secondary pressure reduction component further includes:

[0035] A secondary pressure reducing piston is located on the side of the secondary pressure reducing section away from the connecting member. The secondary pressure reducing piston has a secondary airflow channel inside and a second protrusion protruding from it.

[0036] A secondary elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the secondary pressure reducing piston, and the secondary elastic element is compressed between the second protrusion and the inner wall of the third through hole.

[0037] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the secondary pressure reducing piston includes a secondary pressure reducing head, a secondary pressure reducing middle section, and a secondary pressure reducing tail section connected in sequence, and the secondary pressure reducing head, the secondary pressure reducing middle section, and the secondary pressure reducing tail section are all provided with the secondary airflow channel;

[0038] The secondary pressure reduction component also includes a secondary noise reduction component, which is disposed in the secondary airflow channel at the tail of the secondary pressure reduction component. The secondary noise reduction component is provided with airflow holes, which correspond to the secondary airflow channel in the middle of the secondary pressure reduction component.

[0039] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the secondary noise reduction component is interference-fitted with the secondary airflow channel at the secondary pressure reduction tail.

[0040] The secondary noise reduction component includes a first body and a second body. The first body is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the secondary airflow channel of the secondary decompression tail. The second body protrudes from the first body on the side away from the connector, and the side of the second body away from the first body is chamfered.

[0041] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the secondary decompression tail is provided with a plurality of secondary grooves, and the plurality of secondary grooves are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the secondary decompression tail.

[0042] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the connector includes a connecting body and a connecting portion. The connecting portion protrudes from the connecting body, one side of the connecting portion is connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body, and the other side of the connecting portion is connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

[0043] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the primary pressure reducing assembly, the secondary pressure reducing assembly, the connector, the inlet connector, and the tail connector are all rotating structures; and / or

[0044] The inlet connector is fixedly connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body, and the tail connector is fixedly connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

[0045] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the pressure reducing valve further includes a connecting nut, which is connected between the primary pressure reducing valve body and the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

[0046] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, a first mounting plane is provided on the outer wall of the primary pressure reducing valve body, and a second mounting plane is provided on the outer wall of the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

[0047] A second aspect of this application provides a fuel cell vehicle, the fuel cell vehicle including any of the pressure reducing valves described above.

[0048] The proposed solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] This application proposes a pressure reducing valve and a fuel cell vehicle. The pressure reducing valve includes a primary pressure reducing assembly and an inlet connector. The primary pressure reducing assembly includes a primary pressure reducing valve body and a primary pressure reducing component, which is inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing component includes a primary pressure reducing section, which is positioned opposite to the gas outlet. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary pressure reducing section gradually decreases in the first direction and in the second direction, it can perform primary pressure reduction on the gas at the gas outlet. Furthermore, by reducing, diverting, and slowing down the gas, the natural frequency of the gas can be reduced, thereby reducing the noise generated by the gas and improving the noise, vibration, and acoustic roughness characteristics of the vehicle.

[0050] Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this application.

[0051] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0053] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the pressure reducing valve provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application is shown;

[0054] Figure 2 This paper shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of the gas outlet sealing of the primary pressure reducing surface and the outlet sealing of the connecting hole provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0055] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the pressure reducing valve provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application is shown;

[0056] Figure 4 An exploded structural diagram of the primary pressure reduction assembly provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application is shown;

[0057] Figure 5 An exploded structural diagram of the secondary pressure reduction assembly provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application is shown;

[0058] Figure 6 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the inlet connector provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0059] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connector provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application is shown.

[0060] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0061] 100. Inlet connector; 101. Inlet connector body; 102. Gas inlet; 103. Gas passage; 104. Gas outlet; 105. Sealing ring; 106. First noise reduction section; 107. Noise reduction block;

[0062] 200. Primary pressure reducing assembly; 201. Primary pressure reducing valve body; 2011. First mounting hole; 2012. Second mounting hole; 2013. Third mounting hole; 202. Primary pressure reducing surface; 203. Primary airflow channel; 204. First airflow chamber; 205. Second airflow chamber; 206. Primary pressure reducing part; 207. Primary pressure reducing piston; 2071. Primary pressure reducing head; 2072. Primary pressure reducing middle part; 2073. Primary pressure reducing tail; 208. Primary elastic element; 209. First sealing ring; 210. First support ring; 211. First protrusion; 212. Second support ring; 213. Second sealing ring; 214. Primary groove; 215. First noise reduction hole; 216. Primary noise reduction element; 217. First mounting plane;

[0063] 300. Connector; 301. Connecting body; 302. Connecting part; 303. Communicating hole; 304. Third support ring; 305. Sealing element;

[0064] 400. Secondary pressure reducing assembly; 401. Secondary pressure reducing valve body; 4011. First through hole; 4012. Second through hole; 4013. Third through hole; 402. Secondary pressure reducing surface; 403. Secondary airflow channel; 404. Third airflow chamber; 405. Fourth airflow chamber; 406. Secondary pressure reducing part; 407. Secondary pressure reducing piston; 4071. Secondary pressure reducing head; 4072. Secondary pressure reducing middle part; 4073. Secondary pressure reducing tail; 408. Secondary elastic element; 409. Third sealing ring; 410. Fourth support ring; 411. Second protrusion; 412. Fifth support ring; 413. Fourth sealing ring; 414. Buffer groove; 415. Secondary noise reduction element; 416. Second mounting plane;

[0065] 500, Tail connector; 501, Airflow inlet; 502, Airflow outlet; 503, Airflow channel; 504, Annular ring; 600, Bolt; 700, Connecting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0066] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided to make this application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0067] In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0068] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the illustration, this application provides a pressure reducing valve, which includes an inlet connector 100, a primary pressure reducing assembly 200, a secondary pressure reducing assembly 400, a connector 300, and a tail connector 500. The inlet connector 100 receives high-pressure gas, and the primary and secondary pressure reducing assemblies 200 and 400 reduce the high-pressure gas to the desired target pressure. The pressure reducing valve uses only two stages of pressure reduction, reducing the number of pressure reducing assemblies, simplifying the overall structure, and decreasing the weight and size of the valve. This reduces the manufacturing complexity and processing cost of the pressure reducing valve, meeting the requirements for vehicle use. Furthermore, the primary and secondary pressure reducing assemblies 200 and 400 ensure that the outlet gas pressure remains stable when the high-pressure gas at the inlet connector 100 is closed, making the outlet pressure fluctuation range controllable.

[0072] Among them, see Figure 6 As shown, the inlet connector 100 is a rotating body structure and is integrally formed. The inlet connector 100 includes an inlet connector body 101, a gas inlet 102, a gas channel 103, and a gas outlet 104. The inlet connector body 101 is provided with a gas inlet 102, a gas outlet 104, and a gas channel 103 connecting the gas inlet 102 and the gas outlet. The gas inlet 102 can be connected to a device that generates high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas enters the gas channel 103 through the gas inlet 102 and then flows out through the gas outlet 104.

[0073] See Figure 4 As shown, the primary pressure reducing assembly 200 is a rotating structure. The primary pressure reducing assembly 200 includes a primary pressure reducing valve body 201 and a primary pressure reducing component. At least a portion of the inlet connector 100 is inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body 201, and the inlet connector 100 is fixedly connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body 201. The primary pressure reducing component is disposed inside the primary pressure reducing valve body 201, and the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 can move relative to the primary pressure reducing valve body 201.

[0074] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the primary pressure reducing component has a primary pressure reducing surface 202 and a primary airflow channel 203. The primary pressure reducing surface 202 corresponds to the gas outlet 104. When no gas is introduced into the inlet connector 100, the primary pressure reducing surface 202 is in contact with the gas outlet 104, and the primary pressure reducing surface 202 seals the gas outlet 104. After high-pressure gas is introduced into the inlet connector 100, the gas pressure at the gas outlet 104 is high. Under the action of pressure, the primary pressure reducing component is pushed to move away from the inlet connector 100, so that the primary pressure reducing surface 202 opens the gas outlet 104. The high-pressure gas flows out from the gas outlet 104 and flows to the primary pressure reducing surface 202. The high-pressure gas undergoes primary pressure reduction through the primary pressure reducing surface 202, and the high-pressure gas becomes medium-pressure gas. The medium-pressure gas flows into the primary airflow channel 203.

[0075] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first-stage pressure reducing component, the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201, and the inlet connector 100 form a first airflow chamber 204. After the high-pressure gas passes through the first-stage pressure reducing surface 202, it is depressurized. The medium-pressure gas after depressurization is buffered in the first airflow chamber 204. The first airflow chamber 204 is connected to the first-stage airflow channel 203. The medium-pressure gas in the first airflow chamber 204 flows into the first-stage airflow channel 203.

[0076] See Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the connector 300 is a rotating body structure and is integrally formed. This connector 300 includes a connecting body 301 and a connecting portion 302. The connecting portion 302 protrudes from the connecting body 301 and has an annular structure. One end of the connecting portion 302 is connected to one end of the primary pressure reducing valve body 201, and the other end of the connecting portion 302 is connected to one end of the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401. That is, the connecting portion 302 is sandwiched between the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 and the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401, and this connecting portion 302 is used to connect the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 and the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401. The first-stage pressure reducing component, the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201, and the connecting body 301 form a second airflow chamber 205 near the gas outlet 104. The second airflow chamber 205 is connected to the first airflow chamber 204 through the first-stage airflow channel 203. The medium-pressure gas after the first-stage pressure reduction flows into the second airflow chamber 205 through the first-stage airflow channel 203, and the second airflow chamber 205 buffers the medium-pressure gas.

[0077] In addition, the connecting body 301 is provided with a through-hole 303, through which the medium-pressure gas in the second airflow chamber 205 flows out.

[0078] See Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the secondary pressure reducing assembly 400 has a rotating structure. The secondary pressure reducing assembly 400 includes a secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 and a secondary pressure reducing component. The secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 is connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 through the connecting part 302. The secondary pressure reducing component is disposed inside the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401. The secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 can move relative to the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401.

[0079] See Figure 1 As shown, the secondary pressure reducing component includes a secondary pressure reducing surface 402 and a secondary airflow channel 403. The secondary pressure reducing surface 402 corresponds to the connecting hole 303. When no gas is introduced into the inlet connector 100, the second airflow chamber 205 is not filled with medium-pressure gas, resulting in low gas pressure in the second airflow chamber 205. At this time, the secondary pressure reducing surface 402 contacts the connecting hole 303, sealing the outlet of the connecting hole 303. After gas is introduced into the inlet connector 100, medium-pressure gas rushes into the second airflow chamber 205, pushing the secondary pressure reducing component to move away from the connecting hole 303. This causes the secondary pressure reducing surface 402 to open the outlet of the connecting hole 303, allowing the medium-pressure gas to flow to the secondary pressure reducing surface 402. The medium-pressure gas undergoes secondary pressure reduction through the secondary pressure reducing surface 402, becoming low-pressure gas, which then flows into the secondary airflow channel 403.

[0080] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the secondary pressure reducing component, the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401, and the connector 300 form a third airflow chamber 404 on the side away from the inlet connector 100. The medium-pressure gas is reduced in pressure after passing through the secondary pressure reducing surface 402. The low-pressure gas after pressure reduction is buffered in the third airflow chamber 404. The third airflow chamber 404 is connected to the secondary airflow channel 403. The low-pressure gas in the third airflow chamber 404 flows into the secondary airflow channel 403.

[0081] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tail connector 500 is a rotating body structure and is integrally formed. This tail connector 500 is provided with an air inlet 501, an air outlet 502, and an airflow channel 503 for connecting the air inlet 501 and the air outlet 502. The tail connector 500, together with the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 and the secondary pressure reducing component, forms a fourth airflow chamber 405. The fourth airflow chamber 405 is connected to the third airflow chamber 404 through the secondary airflow channel 403. The fourth airflow chamber 405 is used to receive low-pressure gas and buffer the low-pressure gas. The airflow channel 503 is connected to the fourth airflow chamber 405 through the air inlet 501. Low-pressure gas flows into the airflow channel 503 through the air inlet 501 and flows out through the air outlet 502 to obtain low-pressure gas.

[0082] In other words, the high-pressure gas in this application undergoes primary and secondary pressure reduction through the primary pressure reducing surface 202 and the secondary pressure reducing surface 402, respectively, so that the high-pressure gas becomes a low-pressure gas to obtain the target gas pressure.

[0083] Furthermore, the primary pressure reducing component can move relative to the primary pressure reducing valve body 201, and the secondary pressure reducing component can move relative to the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401. When the valve body between the high-pressure gas device and the inlet connector 100 is closed, the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 can seal the gas outlet 104, and the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 can seal the connecting hole 303. This makes the pressure fluctuation range of the gas outlet 502 controllable, ensuring that the pressure of the gas outlet 502 remains stable when the valve body between the high-pressure gas device and the inlet connector 100 is closed.

[0084] For example, when the high-pressure gas supply stops, the medium-pressure gas in the first airflow chamber 204 decreases, and the gas pressure gradually decreases. When the gas pressure in the first airflow chamber 204 is less than the gas pressure in the second airflow chamber 205, the first-stage pressure reducing component is pushed to move towards the gas outlet 104, and the first-stage pressure reducing surface 202 seals the gas outlet 104. Subsequently, the flow rate of the medium-pressure gas from the second airflow chamber 205 into the third airflow chamber 404 decreases, meaning the low-pressure gas in the third airflow chamber 404 also gradually decreases, and the gas pressure gradually decreases. When the gas pressure in the fourth airflow chamber 405 is greater than the gas pressure in the third airflow chamber 404, the second-stage pressure reducing component is pushed towards the connecting hole 303, and the second-stage pressure reducing surface 402 seals the outlet of the connecting hole 303. Figure 2 As shown. That is, the gas outlet 104 and the connecting hole 303 are sealed by the primary pressure reducing surface 202 and the secondary pressure reducing surface 402 to prevent gas from continuously flowing in through the gas outlet 104 and the connecting hole 303, so as to ensure that the gas pressure at the gas outlet 502 is controllable and stable.

[0085] This application's solution uses a primary pressure reducing assembly 200 and a secondary pressure reducing assembly 400 to perform primary and secondary pressure reduction on high-pressure gas. This reduces the number of pressure reduction processes, simplifies the structure, simplifies the pressure reduction design, reduces the weight and volume of the entire pressure reducing valve, lowers process complexity, and reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the primary and secondary pressure reducing assemblies 200 and 400 ensure that the pressure at the gas outlet 502 is controllable and stable after the valve is closed.

[0086] It is worth mentioning that this high-pressure gas can be 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen, and this pressure reducing valve can be used to reduce the high-pressure hydrogen to low-pressure hydrogen.

[0087] In addition, the inlet connector 100, the primary pressure reducing assembly 200, the secondary pressure reducing assembly 400, the connector 300, and the tail connector 500 are arranged coaxially, that is, the inlet connector 100, the primary pressure reducing assembly 200, the secondary pressure reducing assembly 400, the connector 300, and the tail connector 500 are arranged on the same axis, which reduces gas loss and makes the gas flow smoother.

[0088] Furthermore, in order to enable the primary pressure reducing component and the secondary pressure reducing component to slide within the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 and the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401, slide rails and tracks, elastic elements, or rolling methods can be used.

[0089] This application uses an elastic element to achieve sliding, which can increase the speed at which the primary pressure reducing component and the secondary pressure reducing component seal the gas outlet 104 and the connecting hole 303. The following is a detailed description of the primary pressure reducing component 200 and the secondary pressure reducing component 400.

[0090] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 has a first mounting hole 2011, a second mounting hole 2012, and a third mounting hole 2013 that are interconnected. The first mounting hole 2011 communicates with the third mounting hole 2013 through the second mounting hole 2012. A portion of the inlet connector 100 is disposed within the first mounting hole 2011 and is sealed to the first mounting hole 2011. The inlet connector 100 has a sealing groove, within which a sealing ring 105 is fitted. The sealing ring 105 abuts against the inner wall of the first mounting hole 2011 to achieve a sealing effect. A portion of the primary pressure reducing component is disposed within the second mounting hole 2012, and another portion of the primary pressure reducing component is disposed within the third mounting hole 2013. The primary pressure reducing component is sealed to the second mounting hole 2012 and the third mounting hole 2013 to ensure a sealing effect.

[0091] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first-stage pressure reducing component, the inner wall of the second mounting hole 2012, and the portion of the inlet connector 100 inserted into the first mounting hole 2011 form a first airflow chamber 204. The first-stage pressure reducing component, the inner wall of the third mounting hole 2013, and the side of the connector 300 near the gas outlet 104 form a second airflow chamber 205. Based on the gas pressure of the first airflow chamber 204 and the second airflow chamber 205, the movement of the first-stage pressure reducing component within the second mounting hole 2012 and the third mounting hole 2013 is controlled, thereby opening or closing the gas outlet 104 to control the entry of high-pressure gas or to seal the gas outlet 104. This ensures that when the supply of high-pressure gas is disconnected, the gas pressure at the airflow outlet 502 remains stable and is controllable.

[0092] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in order to achieve primary pressure reduction and noise reduction of high-pressure gas, this primary pressure reduction component includes a primary pressure reduction section 206, which is disposed in the second mounting hole 2012. The primary pressure reduction section 206 corresponds to the gas outlet 104, and in the first direction X, the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary pressure reduction section 206 in the second direction Y gradually decreases.

[0093] That is, the side of the primary pressure reducing unit 206 closest to the gas outlet 104 has the smallest size; and the smallest size of the primary pressure reducing unit 206 is the same as the orifice diameter of the gas outlet 104, or the smallest size of the primary pressure reducing unit 206 is larger than the orifice diameter of the gas outlet 104, so as to satisfy the sealing of the gas outlet 104.

[0094] It should be noted that the first direction X can be the axial direction of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201, and the second direction Y is the radial direction of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first direction X can also be the radial direction of the primary pressure reducing valve body 201, and the second direction Y can be the axial direction of the primary pressure reducing valve body 201. Of course, other design positions are also acceptable, as long as the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary pressure reducing section 206 gradually decreases in the direction from the primary pressure reducing section 206 to the gas outlet 104.

[0096] In this embodiment, the primary pressure reducing unit 206 can adopt a frustum-shaped structure. In the primary pressure reducing unit 206, the area of ​​the bottom surface near the gas outlet 104 is smaller than the area of ​​the bottom surface away from the gas outlet 104.

[0097] It is understandable that when the high-pressure gas enters the first airflow chamber 204 through the gas outlet 104, the high-pressure gas undergoes a throttling effect at the first-stage pressure reduction surface 202, causing the high-pressure gas to undergo first-stage pressure reduction, resulting in a pressure drop and the formation of medium-pressure gas. The medium-pressure gas is buffered in the first airflow chamber 204 and flows out through the first-stage airflow channel 203.

[0098] Furthermore, since this first-stage pressure reducing unit 206 can reduce pressure, divert and slow down the gas, it can reduce the natural frequency of the gas, thereby reducing the noise generated when the gas enters the first airflow chamber 204 and improving the vehicle's noise, vibration and harshness characteristics (NVH characteristics).

[0099] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, this primary pressure reducing component also includes a primary pressure reducing piston 207 and a primary elastic element 208. The primary elastic element 208 is sleeved on the primary pressure reducing piston 207 and is in a compressed state, having elastic deformation force. The primary elastic element 208 can drive the primary pressure reducing piston 207 to move towards the side closer to the gas outlet 104, so as to drive the primary pressure reducing part 206 to seal the gas outlet 104.

[0100] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207 includes a first-stage pressure reducing head 2071, a first-stage pressure reducing middle section 2072, and a first-stage pressure reducing tail section 2073. The first-stage pressure reducing head 2071 is connected to the first-stage pressure reducing tail section 2073 through the first-stage pressure reducing middle section 2072. The first-stage pressure reducing head 2071 is located on the side of the first-stage pressure reducing section 206 away from the gas outlet 104.

[0101] It should be noted that the primary pressure reduction section 206, the primary pressure reduction head 2071, the primary pressure reduction middle section 2072, and the primary pressure reduction tail section 2073 adopt a rotating body structure and are integrally formed.

[0102] Furthermore, primary airflow channels 203 are provided in the primary pressure reducing head 2071, the primary pressure reducing middle section 2072, and the primary pressure reducing tail section 2073. The primary pressure reducing head 2071 has multiple primary airflow channels 203, which are spaced apart circumferentially and communicate with the first airflow chamber 204. Gas is introduced into the first airflow chamber 204 through the multiple primary airflow channels 203 in the primary pressure reducing head 2071 and then discharged through the primary airflow channels 203 in the primary pressure reducing middle section 2072 and the primary pressure reducing tail section 2073.

[0103] It is understandable that, in order to ensure that the gas velocity and flow rate are the same in the primary airflow channel 203 entering the primary decompression head 2071, the cross-sectional area of ​​these multiple primary airflow channels 203 is the same and they are evenly spaced.

[0104] In addition, both the first-stage decompression middle section 2072 and the first-stage decompression tail section 2073 adopt a first-stage airflow channel 203. The inlet of the first-stage airflow channel 203 in the first-stage decompression middle section 2072 is connected to the outlet of multiple first-stage airflow channels 203 in the first-stage decompression head section 2071, and the outlet of the first-stage airflow channel 203 in the first-stage decompression middle section 2072 is connected to the inlet of the first-stage airflow channel 203 in the first-stage decompression tail section 2073.

[0105] Furthermore, the first-stage pressure reducing head 2071 is located in the second mounting hole 2012, a portion of the first-stage pressure reducing middle part 2072 is located in the second mounting hole 2012, and the other portion is located in the third mounting hole 2013.

[0106] The primary pressure reduction section 2072 includes a first sealing section and a first support section. The first sealing section is located on the side of the first support section near the primary pressure reduction head 2071, and the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the first support section is larger than that of the first sealing section. See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the first sealing part has an annular first groove, which is located near the first support part. A first sealing ring 209 is fitted inside the first groove, and the first sealing ring 209 abuts against the inner wall of the second mounting hole 2012. This sealing ring can be a Y-shaped sealing ring to achieve a sealing effect between the first-stage pressure reducing middle part 2072 and the second mounting hole 2012, preventing gas leakage from the first airflow chamber 204. The first support part has an annular second groove, and a first support ring 210 is fitted inside the second groove. This first support ring 210 abuts against the inner wall of the second mounting hole 2012 to support and guide the axial movement of the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207.

[0107] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the first-stage pressure reducing tail 2073 is located within the third mounting hole 2013. The first-stage pressure reducing tail 2073 has a protruding first protrusion 211, on which an annular third groove is formed. A second support ring 212 is fitted inside this third groove, and this second support ring 212 abuts against the inner wall of the third mounting hole 2013 to support and guide the axial movement of the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207. Furthermore, the first-stage pressure reducing tail 2073 also has an annular fourth groove, located on the side of the first protrusion 211 away from the gas outlet 104. A second sealing ring 213 is fitted inside the fourth groove, and the second sealing ring 213 abuts against the inner wall of the third mounting hole 2013 to ensure the sealing effect of the second airflow chamber 205 and prevent gas leakage.

[0108] It should be noted that the second sealing ring 213 and the first sealing ring 209 use the same structure and material. That is, the second sealing ring 213 is also a Y-shaped sealing ring. In the axial direction of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201, one end of the second sealing ring 213 abuts against the first protrusion 211. That is, the fourth groove is adjacent to the first protrusion 211. The first protrusion 211 is used to stabilize the second sealing ring 213, ensuring the sealing effect of the second airflow chamber 205 during the movement of the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207.

[0109] In addition, see Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, a portion of the connecting body 301 is inserted into the third mounting hole 2013, and the connecting body 301 inserted into the third mounting hole 2013 is provided with an annular fifth groove. A third support ring 304 is sleeved in the fifth groove to achieve a sealing effect, that is, the cavity between the third support ring 304 and the second sealing ring 213 forms a second airflow cavity 205.

[0110] It is understood that a second airflow cavity 205 is formed between the connecting body 301 inserted into the third mounting hole 2013, the third mounting hole 2013, and the first-stage pressure reduction tail 2073. The second airflow cavity 205 is used to buffer the medium-pressure gas after the first-stage pressure reduction.

[0111] In addition, see Figure 4 As shown, in order to increase the gas buffer capacity in the second gas flow chamber 205, a plurality of primary grooves 214 are provided in the primary pressure reduction tail 2073, and the plurality of primary grooves 214 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the primary pressure reduction tail 2073.

[0112] For example, the first-stage decompression tail 2073 is provided with four first-stage grooves 214, which correspond to each other in pairs. The first-stage grooves 214 can increase the buffer amount of gas in the second airflow chamber 205.

[0113] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the primary elastic element 208 is sleeved on the primary pressure reducing tail 2073. One end of the primary elastic element 208 abuts against the side of the first protrusion 211 near the gas outlet 104, and the other end of the primary elastic element 208 abuts against the inner wall connecting the third mounting hole 2013 and the second mounting hole 2012. That is, the primary elastic element 208 is compressed and disposed in the third mounting hole 2013.

[0114] It should be noted that the first-stage elastic element 208 is in the state where both ends are in contact when no gas is introduced into the inlet connector 100. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the inlet connector 100, since the first airflow chamber 204 is filled with medium-pressure gas and the gas pressure in the second airflow chamber 205 is less than the gas pressure in the first airflow chamber 204, the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207 moves away from the gas outlet 104, opening the gas outlet 104. This causes the end of the first-stage elastic element 208 near the gas outlet 104 to disengage from the inner wall of the third mounting hole 2013, further compressing the first-stage elastic element 208.

[0115] Understandably, when no high-pressure gas is supplied to the inlet connector 100, the gas pressure in the first airflow chamber 204 gradually decreases. When the gas pressure in the first airflow chamber 204 is less than the gas pressure in the second airflow chamber 205, the pressure difference drives the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207 to move towards the side closer to the gas outlet 104. Since the first-stage elastic element 208 has elastic restoring force, the first-stage elastic element 208 will drive the first-stage pressure reducing piston 207 to move towards the side closer to the gas outlet 104. The movement is faster and can quickly seal the gas outlet 104, and can quickly cut off the remaining high-pressure gas from entering the first airflow chamber 204 through the gas outlet 104, thereby ensuring that the pressure at the airflow outlet 502 remains stable.

[0116] In addition, to prevent pressure changes in the chamber where the primary elastic element 208 is located, a primary balance hole is provided on the primary pressure reducing valve body 201. This primary balance hole connects the chamber where the primary elastic element 208 is located with the external atmospheric pressure, so that the chamber where the primary elastic element 208 is located is always under atmospheric pressure.

[0117] In this application, the medium-pressure gas passes through the primary airflow channel 203, and a pressure difference is formed at both ends of the primary pressure reducing piston 207 due to the different force surfaces. This pressure difference reaches a dynamic balance with the primary elastic element 208 and the impact force of the high-pressure gas. With appropriate area difference and selection of the elastic force of the primary elastic element 208, the pressure of the medium-pressure gas can remain relatively stable when the pressure of the high-pressure gas fluctuates within a certain range.

[0118] It is worth mentioning that, see Figure 1 As shown, when high-pressure gas enters the first airflow chamber 204 through the gas outlet 104, it will generate a large noise. In order to reduce the noise and improve product quality, a first noise reduction hole 215 is provided in the second mounting hole 2012 near the first mounting hole 2011, and the inlet connector 100 is inserted into this noise reduction hole to reduce the noise generated by the gas.

[0119] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, in the direction from the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 to the primary pressure reducing valve body 201, the diameter of the first noise reduction hole 215 gradually decreases. The inlet connector 100 includes a first noise reduction part 106 and a noise reduction block 107. The noise reduction block 107 protrudes from the first noise reduction part 106 and has an annular structure. The noise reduction block 107 abuts against the inner wall of the first mounting hole 2011. The first noise reduction part 106 is inserted into the first noise reduction hole 215. In the direction from the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 to the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401, the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the noise reduction block 107 gradually decreases, that is, the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the first noise reduction part 106 near the second mounting hole 2012 is smaller than the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the first noise reduction part 106 away from the second mounting hole 2012. This design can reduce the natural frequency of the high-pressure gas, thereby reducing the noise generated when the high-pressure gas enters the first airflow chamber 204.

[0120] In other words, by adopting an enlarged cavity structure design through the inlet connector 100 and the first noise reduction hole 215, the airflow velocity field in the throttling area can be reduced, thereby reducing gas noise.

[0121] In addition, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to further reduce the noise generated by the gas, this primary pressure reducing component also includes a primary noise reduction component 216. The primary noise reduction component 216 is disposed in the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary pressure reducing tail 2073. The primary noise reduction component 216 is provided with a gas through hole. The primary noise reduction component 216 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the primary airflow channel 203 in the primary pressure reducing tail 2073 to prevent the primary noise reduction component 216 from sliding in the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary pressure reducing tail 2073, thus ensuring the noise reduction effect.

[0122] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary airflow channel 203 in the tail section 2073 of the primary decompression is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary airflow channel 203 in the middle section 2072 of the primary decompression. The cross-sectional area of ​​this gas through hole is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary airflow channel 203 in the middle section 2072 of the primary decompression.

[0123] Understandably, since the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary pressure reducing tail section 2073 is located at the tail end, the gas velocity and pressure inside its primary airflow channel 203 are lower than those inside the primary airflow channels 203 of the primary pressure reducing middle section 2072 and the primary pressure reducing head section 2071. Therefore, placing this primary noise reduction component 216 at the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary pressure reducing tail section 2073 can prevent the gas from blowing the primary noise reduction component 216 away, thus ensuring the noise reduction effect.

[0124] The primary noise reduction component 216 includes a first part and a second part. The first part is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary pressure reducing tail 2073. The second part protrudes from the first part on the side away from the gas outlet 104, and the side of the second part away from the first part has a chamfer. This primary noise reduction component 216 can reduce the natural frequency of the gas, thereby reducing the noise generated by the gas.

[0125] It is understandable that by adopting an enlarged cavity structure design in the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary noise reduction component 216 and the primary pressure reduction tail 2073, the airflow velocity field in the throttling region can be reduced, thereby reducing gas noise.

[0126] The following is a detailed description of the secondary pressure reducing assembly 400.

[0127] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 has a first through hole 4011, a second through hole 4012, and a third through hole 4013 that are interconnected. The first through hole 4011 communicates with the third through hole 4013 through the second through hole 4012. A portion of the connector 300 is inserted into the first through hole 4011 and is sealed to the first through hole 4011. The connector 300 has a groove on the side away from the gas outlet 104. This groove is an annular groove, and a sealing element 305 is fitted inside this groove. Correspondingly, the sealing element 305 is also an annular structure. The sealing element 305 abuts against the inner wall of the first through hole 4011 to achieve a sealing effect. A portion of the secondary pressure reducing component is located in the first through hole 4011, a portion of the secondary pressure reducing component is located in the second through hole 4012, and the remaining portion of the secondary pressure reducing component is located in the third through hole 4013. The secondary pressure reducing component is sealed to the second through hole 4012 and the third through hole 4013.

[0128] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the secondary pressure reducing component, the inner wall of the first through hole 4011, and the connector 300 are inserted into the first through hole 4011 to form a third airflow chamber 404. The secondary pressure reducing component, the inner wall of the third through hole 4013, and the tail connector 500 near the gas outlet 104 form a fourth airflow chamber 405. According to the air pressure of the third airflow chamber 404 and the fourth airflow chamber 405, the movement of the secondary pressure reducing component in the first through hole 4011, the second through hole 4012, and the third through hole 4013 is controlled, thereby opening or closing the connecting hole 303 to control the entry of medium-pressure gas in the second airflow chamber 205 or to seal the outlet of the connecting hole 303, thereby ensuring that the air pressure of the airflow outlet 502 can remain stable and controllable when the gas supply is disconnected.

[0129] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, to achieve two-stage pressure reduction of high-pressure gas, this two-stage pressure reduction component includes a two-stage pressure reduction section 406, which is disposed within the first through hole 4011 and corresponds to the connecting hole 303. In the first direction X, the cross-sectional area of ​​the two-stage pressure reduction section 406 gradually decreases in the second direction Y.

[0130] That is, the secondary pressure reducing section 406 has the smallest size on the side closest to the connecting hole 303, and the smallest size of the secondary pressure reducing section 406 is the same as the diameter of the connecting hole 303, or the smallest size of the secondary pressure reducing section 406 is larger than the diameter of the connecting hole 303, so as to satisfy the sealing of the outlet of the connecting hole 303.

[0131] The first direction X and the second direction Y are the same as those described in the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] In this embodiment of the application, the secondary pressure relief section 406 may adopt a frustum-shaped structure. In the secondary pressure relief section 406, the area of ​​the bottom surface near the connecting hole 303 is smaller than the area of ​​the bottom surface away from the connecting hole 303.

[0133] It is understandable that when the medium-pressure gas enters the third airflow chamber 404 through the connecting hole 303, the medium-pressure gas undergoes a throttling effect at the secondary decompression surface 402, causing the medium-pressure gas to undergo secondary decompression, and the pressure further decreases to form low-pressure gas. The low-pressure gas is buffered in the third airflow chamber 404 and flows out through the secondary airflow channel 403.

[0134] Furthermore, since this secondary pressure reducing unit 406 can reduce pressure, divert and slow down the gas, it can reduce the natural frequency of the gas, thereby reducing the noise generated when the gas enters the third airflow chamber 404 and improving the vehicle's noise, vibration and harshness characteristics (NVH characteristics).

[0135] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, this secondary pressure reducing component also includes a secondary pressure reducing piston 407 and a secondary elastic element 408. The secondary elastic element 408 is sleeved on the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 and is in a compressed state with elastic deformation force. The secondary elastic element 408 can drive the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 to move towards the side closer to the connecting hole 303, so as to drive the secondary pressure reducing part 406 to seal the connecting hole 303.

[0136] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 includes a secondary pressure reducing head 4071, a secondary pressure reducing middle part 4072, and a secondary pressure reducing tail part 4073. The secondary pressure reducing head 4071 is connected to the secondary pressure reducing tail part 4073 through the secondary pressure reducing middle part 4072. The secondary pressure reducing head 4071 is located on the side of the secondary pressure reducing part 406 away from the connecting hole 303. The secondary pressure reducing section 406, the secondary pressure reducing head 4071, the secondary pressure reducing middle section 4072, and the secondary pressure reducing tail section 4073 adopt a rotating body structure and are integrally formed. The secondary pressure reducing head 4071, the secondary pressure reducing middle section 4072, and the secondary pressure reducing tail section 4073 are all provided with secondary airflow channels 403. The secondary pressure reducing head 4071 has multiple secondary airflow channels 403, which are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the secondary pressure reducing head 4071 and are connected to the third airflow chamber 404. The low-pressure gas in the third airflow chamber 404 is introduced through the multiple secondary airflow channels 403 in the secondary pressure reducing head 4071, and then the low-pressure gas is led out to the airflow inlet 501 of the tail connector 500 through the secondary airflow channels 403 in the secondary pressure reducing middle section 4072 and the secondary pressure reducing tail section 4073, thereby outputting low-pressure gas.

[0137] It is understandable that, in order to ensure that the gas velocity and flow rate in the secondary airflow channel 403 entering the secondary decompression head 4071 are the same, the cross-sectional areas of these multiple secondary airflow channels 403 are the same and they are evenly spaced.

[0138] In addition, both the secondary decompression middle section 4072 and the secondary decompression tail section 4073 adopt a secondary airflow channel 403. The inlet of the secondary airflow channel 403 in the secondary decompression middle section 4072 is connected to the outlet of multiple secondary airflow channels 403 in the secondary decompression head section 4071, and the outlet of the secondary airflow channel 403 in the secondary decompression middle section 4072 is connected to the inlet of the secondary airflow channel 403 in the secondary decompression tail section 4073.

[0139] Furthermore, see Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the secondary pressure reducing head 4071 is located in the first through hole 4011, a part of the secondary pressure reducing middle part 4072 is located in the second through hole 4012 and is sealed to the second through hole 4012, and the other part of the secondary pressure reducing middle part 4072 is located in the third through hole 4013.

[0140] See Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the secondary decompression center 4072 is provided with an annular sixth groove and an annular seventh groove. The sixth groove is fitted with a third sealing ring 409, and the seventh groove is fitted with a fourth support ring 410. Both the third sealing ring 409 and the fourth support ring 410 are annular structures, and both the third sealing ring 409 and the fourth support ring 410 abut against the inner wall of the second through hole 4012. The third sealing ring 409 can be a Y-shaped sealing ring to ensure the sealing effect. The fourth support ring 410 can support and guide the axial movement of the secondary decompression piston 407.

[0141] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073 is located inside the third through hole 4013. The secondary pressure reducing tail 4073 has a second protrusion 411 protruding out. The second protrusion 411 has an annular eighth groove. A fifth support ring 412 is fitted inside this eighth groove. This fifth support ring 412 abuts against the inner wall of the third through hole 4013 to support and guide the axial movement of the secondary pressure reducing piston 407.

[0142] In addition, the secondary decompression tail section 4073 is also provided with an annular ninth groove. This ninth groove is located on the side of the second protrusion 411 away from the connecting hole 303. A fourth sealing ring 413 is fitted inside the ninth groove. The fourth sealing ring 413 abuts against the inner wall of the third through hole 4013 to ensure the sealing effect of the fourth airflow chamber 405 and prevent gas leakage. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0143] It should be noted that the fourth sealing ring 413 and the third sealing ring 409 use the same structure and material. That is, the fourth sealing ring 413 is also a Y-type sealing ring. In the axial direction of the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401, one end of the fourth sealing ring 413 abuts against the second protrusion 411. That is, the ninth groove is adjacent to the second protrusion 411. The second protrusion 411 is used to stabilize the fifth sealing ring and ensure the sealing effect of the fourth airflow chamber 405 during the movement of the secondary pressure reducing piston 407.

[0144] It is understood that a third airflow cavity 404 is formed between the connecting body 301 inserted into the first through hole 4011, the inner wall of the first through hole 4011, the secondary pressure reducing part 406, and the secondary pressure reducing head 4071. The third airflow cavity 404 is used to buffer the low-pressure gas after the secondary pressure reducing process.

[0145] Furthermore, to increase the gas buffer capacity in the third gas flow chamber 404, a plurality of temporary storage slots are provided on the side of the connecting body 301 near the secondary pressure reducing piston 407. These temporary storage slots are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the connecting body 301 to increase the gas buffer capacity in the third gas flow chamber 404. Correspondingly, to increase the gas buffer capacity in the fourth gas flow chamber 405, a plurality of buffer slots 414 are provided on the side of the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073 away from the connecting hole 303. The plurality of buffer slots 414 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073 to increase the gas buffer capacity in the fourth gas flow chamber 405, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0146] For example, the connecting body 301 has four temporary storage slots on the side near the secondary pressure reducing component. These four slots correspond to each other in pairs, and their arrangement increases the gas buffer capacity in the third airflow chamber 404. The secondary pressure reducing tail 4073 has four buffer slots 414 on the side away from the connecting hole 303. These four buffer slots correspond to each other in pairs, and their arrangement increases the gas buffer capacity in the fourth airflow chamber 405.

[0147] The secondary elastic element 408 is sleeved on the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073. One end of the secondary elastic element 408 abuts against the side of the second protrusion 411 near the connecting hole 303, and the other end of the secondary elastic element 408 abuts against the inner wall connecting the third through hole 4013 and the second through hole 4012. That is, the secondary elastic element 408 is compressed and disposed in the third through hole 4013.

[0148] It should be noted that the secondary elastic element 408 is in the state where both ends are in contact when no gas is introduced into the connecting hole 303. When medium-pressure gas is introduced into the connecting hole 303, since the third airflow chamber 404 is filled with low-pressure gas and the gas pressure in the fourth airflow chamber 405 is less than the gas pressure in the third airflow chamber 404, the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 moves away from the connecting hole 303, opens the connecting hole 303, and causes the end of the secondary elastic element 408 near the connecting hole 303 to separate from the inner wall of the third through hole 4013, thereby driving the secondary elastic element 408 to be further compressed.

[0149] Understandably, when no medium-pressure gas is introduced into the connecting hole 303, the gas pressure in the third airflow chamber 404 gradually decreases. When the gas pressure in the third airflow chamber 404 is less than the gas pressure in the fourth airflow chamber 405, the pressure difference drives the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 to move closer to the connecting hole 303. Since the secondary elastic element 408 has elastic restoring force, the secondary elastic element 408 will drive the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 to move closer to the connecting hole 303. The movement is faster and can quickly seal the connecting hole 303, thereby ensuring that the pressure at the airflow outlet 502 remains stable.

[0150] In addition, to prevent pressure changes in the chamber where the secondary elastic element 408 is located, a secondary balance hole is provided on the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401. This secondary balance hole connects the chamber where the secondary elastic element 408 is located with the external atmospheric pressure, so that the chamber where the secondary elastic element 408 is located is always under atmospheric pressure.

[0151] In this application, the low-pressure gas passes through the secondary airflow channel 403, and a pressure difference is formed at both ends of the secondary pressure reducing piston 407 due to the different force surfaces. This pressure difference reaches a dynamic balance with the secondary elastic element 408 and the impact force of the high-pressure gas. With appropriate area difference and selection of the elastic force of the secondary elastic element 408, the pressure of the low-pressure gas can remain relatively stable when the pressure of the medium-pressure gas fluctuates within a certain range.

[0152] In addition, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to further reduce the noise generated by the gas, this secondary pressure reducing component also includes a secondary noise reduction component 415. The secondary noise reduction component 415 is disposed in the secondary airflow channel 403 of the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073. The secondary noise reduction component 415 is provided with airflow holes. The secondary noise reduction component 415 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the secondary airflow channel 403 in the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073 to prevent the secondary noise reduction component 415 from sliding in the secondary airflow channel 403 of the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073, thus ensuring the noise reduction effect.

[0153] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary airflow channel 403 in the tail section of the secondary decompression 4073 is larger than that of the secondary airflow channel 403 in the middle section of the secondary decompression 4072. The cross-sectional area of ​​this airflow orifice is equal to that of the secondary airflow channel 403 in the middle section of the secondary decompression 4072.

[0154] Understandably, since the secondary airflow channel 403 of the secondary decompression tail section 4073 is located at the tail end, the gas velocity and pressure inside the secondary airflow channel 403 are lower than those inside the secondary airflow channels 403 in the secondary decompression middle section 4072 and the secondary decompression head section 4071. Therefore, placing this secondary noise reduction component 415 at the secondary airflow channel 403 of the secondary decompression tail section 4073 can prevent the gas from blowing the secondary noise reduction component 415 away, thus ensuring the noise reduction effect.

[0155] The secondary noise reduction component 415 includes a first body and a second body. The first body is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the secondary airflow channel 403 of the secondary pressure reducing tail 4073. The second body protrudes from the first body on the side away from the gas outlet 104, and the side of the second body away from the first body has a chamfer. This secondary noise reduction component 415 can reduce the natural frequency of the gas, thereby reducing the noise generated by the gas.

[0156] It is understandable that by adopting an enlarged cavity structure design in the primary airflow channel 203 of the primary noise reduction component 216 and the primary pressure reduction tail 2073, the airflow velocity field in the throttling region can be reduced, thereby reducing gas noise.

[0157] It is worth mentioning that, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the inlet connector 100 is fastened to the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201 by bolts 600; the tail connector 500 has a flange structure, one end of which is inserted into the third through hole 4013, and the tail connector 500 is provided with an annular groove, in which an annular ring 504 is fitted, and the annular ring 504 abuts against the third through hole 4013 to improve the sealing effect of the fourth airflow chamber 405. Furthermore, see... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the tail connector 500 is fastened to the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 by bolts 600.

[0158] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this pressure reducing valve also includes a connecting nut 700, which is sleeved between the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 and the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401 and is located at the connecting part 302 of the connector 300 to connect the primary pressure reducing valve body 201 and the secondary pressure reducing valve body 401.

[0159] In addition, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer wall of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201 is provided with two mutually symmetrical first mounting planes 217 to facilitate the installation and clamping of the first-stage pressure reducing valve body 201; the outer wall of the second-stage pressure reducing valve body 401 is provided with two mutually symmetrical second mounting planes 416 to facilitate the installation and clamping of the second-stage pressure reducing valve body 401.

[0160] Example 2

[0161] This second embodiment provides a fuel cell vehicle, which includes a pressure reducing valve as described in embodiment one. The specific design of the pressure reducing valve is described in embodiment one. The pressure reducing valve in embodiment one can effectively reduce high-pressure gas to low-pressure gas. This pressure reducing valve has a compact structure, reduces its space occupation, lowers processing costs, and reduces weight. Furthermore, this pressure reducing valve can ensure that the outlet pressure remains stable after the valve is closed, thereby reducing gas-generated noise and improving the quality of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0162] Furthermore, the pressure reducing valve of this patent is not limited to reducing the pressure of hydrogen gas; it can also be used to reduce the pressure of other high-pressure gases.

[0163] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "exemplarily," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0164] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application. Therefore, any changes or modifications made in accordance with the claims and description of this application should fall within the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A pressure reducing valve, characterized in that, include: The inlet connector is equipped with a gas outlet. A primary pressure reducing assembly is provided, wherein the primary pressure reducing assembly and the inlet connector are coaxially arranged. The primary pressure reducing assembly includes a primary pressure reducing valve body and a primary pressure reducing component. The primary pressure reducing component is inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing component includes a primary pressure reducing section. The portion of the inlet connector that has the gas outlet is inserted into the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing section is arranged opposite to the gas outlet. In the first direction: the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary pressure reducing part gradually decreases in the second direction. The first direction intersects with the second direction. The first direction is the axial direction of the primary pressure reducing valve body, and the second direction is the radial direction of the primary pressure reducing valve body. The primary pressure reducing valve body is provided with a first noise reduction hole. In the first direction: the diameter of the first noise reduction hole gradually decreases. The diameter of the first noise reduction hole near the inlet connector is smaller than the diameter of the first noise reduction hole near the primary pressure reducing component. The inlet connector includes a first noise reduction part, which has the gas outlet. The first noise reduction part is inserted into the first noise reduction hole and is correspondingly arranged with the first-stage pressure reducing part. In the direction from the inlet connector to the first-stage pressure reducing part, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first noise reduction part gradually decreases in the second direction.

2. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet connector includes a noise reduction block, which protrudes from the first noise reduction part; The primary pressure reduction component also includes a primary pressure reduction tail section, which is provided with multiple primary grooves, and the multiple primary grooves are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the primary pressure reduction tail section.

3. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure reducing valve also includes: The connector has a connecting hole; A secondary pressure reducing assembly, wherein the secondary pressure reducing assembly, the connector, the primary pressure reducing assembly, and the inlet connector are coaxially arranged; the secondary pressure reducing assembly includes a secondary pressure reducing valve body and a secondary pressure reducing component; the secondary pressure reducing valve body is connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body through the connector; the secondary pressure reducing component is inserted into the secondary pressure reducing valve body, and the secondary pressure reducing component includes a secondary pressure reducing section, which is disposed opposite to the communicating hole; In the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary pressure reducing section gradually decreases in the second direction.

4. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary pressure reducing valve body includes a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a third mounting hole connected in sequence, and the inlet connector is inserted into the first mounting hole; The primary pressure reducing component is provided with a primary airflow channel. A first airflow cavity is formed between the primary pressure reducing component, the inlet connector, and the second mounting hole. A second airflow cavity is formed between the primary pressure reducing component, the connector, and the third mounting hole. The first airflow cavity and the second airflow cavity are connected through the primary airflow channel. Under the pressure difference between the first airflow chamber and the second airflow chamber, the first-stage pressure reducing component can move inside the first-stage pressure reducing valve body.

5. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The primary pressure reduction component also includes: A first-stage pressure reducing piston is located on the side of the first-stage pressure reducing section away from the inlet connector. The first-stage pressure reducing piston has the first-stage airflow channel inside and a first protrusion protruding from it. A primary elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the primary pressure reducing piston, and the primary elastic element is compressed between the first protrusion and the inner wall of the third mounting hole.

6. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first-stage pressure reducing piston includes a first-stage pressure reducing head, a first-stage pressure reducing middle section, and a first-stage pressure reducing tail section connected in sequence. The first-stage pressure reducing head, the first-stage pressure reducing middle section, and the first-stage pressure reducing tail section are all provided with the first-stage airflow channel. The primary pressure reduction component also includes a primary noise reduction component, which is disposed in the primary airflow channel at the tail of the primary pressure reduction component. The primary noise reduction component is provided with a gas through hole, which corresponds to the primary airflow channel in the middle of the primary pressure reduction component.

7. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The primary noise reduction component is interference-fitted with the primary airflow channel at the tail of the primary pressure reduction component. The primary noise reduction component includes a first part and a second part. The first part is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the primary airflow channel of the primary decompression tail. The second part protrudes from the first part on the side away from the gas outlet, and the side of the second part away from the first part is chamfered.

8. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure reducing valve also includes a tail connector connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve body; The secondary pressure reducing valve body includes a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole connected in sequence, and a portion of the tail connector is inserted into the third through hole; One end of the connector is inserted into the third mounting hole, and the other end is inserted into the first through hole; The secondary pressure reducing component is provided with a secondary airflow channel. A third airflow cavity is formed between the secondary pressure reducing component, the connector, and the first through hole. The third airflow cavity is connected to the second airflow cavity through the connecting hole. A fourth airflow cavity is formed between the secondary pressure reducing component, the tail connector, and the third through hole. The fourth airflow cavity is connected to the third airflow cavity through the secondary airflow channel. Under the pressure difference between the third and fourth airflow chambers, the secondary pressure reducing component can move inside the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

9. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 8, characterized in that, The secondary pressure reduction component also includes: A secondary pressure reducing piston is located on the side of the secondary pressure reducing section away from the connecting member. The secondary pressure reducing piston has a secondary airflow channel inside and a second protrusion protruding from it. A secondary elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the secondary pressure reducing piston, and the secondary elastic element is compressed between the second protrusion and the inner wall of the third through hole.

10. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 9, characterized in that, The secondary pressure reducing piston includes a secondary pressure reducing head, a secondary pressure reducing middle section, and a secondary pressure reducing tail section connected in sequence, and the secondary pressure reducing head, the secondary pressure reducing middle section, and the secondary pressure reducing tail section are all provided with the secondary airflow channel; The secondary pressure reduction component also includes a secondary noise reduction component, which is disposed in the secondary airflow channel at the tail of the secondary pressure reduction component. The secondary noise reduction component is provided with airflow holes, which correspond to the secondary airflow channel in the middle of the secondary pressure reduction component.

11. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 10, characterized in that, The secondary noise reduction component is interference-fitted with the secondary airflow channel at the tail of the secondary pressure reduction component; The secondary noise reduction component includes a first body and a second body. The first body is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the secondary airflow channel of the secondary decompression tail. The second body protrudes from the first body on the side away from the connector, and the side of the second body away from the first body is chamfered.

12. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 10, characterized in that, The secondary decompression tail is provided with multiple secondary grooves, which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the secondary decompression tail.

13. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connector includes a connecting body and a connecting part. The connecting part protrudes from the connecting body. One side of the connecting part is connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body, and the other side of the connecting part is connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

14. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 8, characterized in that, The primary pressure reducing assembly, the secondary pressure reducing assembly, the connector, the inlet connector, and the tail connector are all rotary structures; and / or The inlet connector is fixedly connected to the primary pressure reducing valve body, and the tail connector is fixedly connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

15. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure reducing valve also includes a connecting nut, which is connected between the primary pressure reducing valve body and the secondary pressure reducing valve body.

16. The pressure reducing valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the primary pressure reducing valve body is provided with a first mounting plane, and the outer wall of the secondary pressure reducing valve body is provided with a second mounting plane.

17. A fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that, The fuel cell vehicle includes the pressure reducing valve as described in any one of claims 1-16.

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