Welding tool and welding method for small deformation of marine thin plate
By using a small deformation welding fixture for marine thin plates, and by adjusting the welding gap position using a guide unit and a drive mechanism, the problem of deformation during thin plate welding was solved, welding quality and production efficiency were improved, and costs were reduced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI WAIGAOQIAO SHIP BUILDING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In the welding of thin plates for marine applications, the uneven distribution of thermal stress during traditional submerged arc welding makes the thin plates prone to deformation, increasing the workload and cost of leveling, and the welding process is complex, affecting production efficiency.
Welding fixtures for small deformation marine thin plates are adopted, including guide units, studs, sleeves and drive mechanisms. By adjusting the welding gap position, the number of thermal cycles is reduced, flame cutting is avoided, and grinding with a grinding wheel reduces damage to the thin plates.
This allows for the adjustment of narrow gap stations after welding, preventing secondary deformation, improving welding quality and production efficiency, and reducing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN117123897B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding deformation control technology for marine thin plates, specifically to welding fixtures and welding methods for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates. Background Technology
[0002] Welding, also known as fusion welding, is a manufacturing process and technology that joins metals or other thermoplastic materials such as plastics by heating, high temperature, or high pressure. Modern welding has many energy sources, including gas flames, electric arcs, lasers, electron beams, friction, and ultrasound. In addition to its use in factories, welding can also be carried out in a variety of environments, such as in the field, underwater, and in space. No matter where it is, welding can pose dangers to the operator, so appropriate protective measures must be taken when welding. The injuries that welding may cause to the human body include burns, electric shock, vision impairment, inhalation of toxic gases, and excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays.
[0003] When welding marine plates, traditional butt welding uses submerged arc welding machines in conjunction with back welding plates. While medium and thick plates have strong resistance to deformation, and the overall deformation after welding is relatively controllable, traditional submerged arc welding for thin marine plates results in excessive heat energy, uneven thermal stress distribution, large volume, and poor applicability to narrow-gap positions. Furthermore, the narrow-gap position cannot be adjusted after welding. Additionally, the installation and disassembly of the plates require welding, flame cutting, carbon planing, and grinding, significantly increasing the number of thermal cycles. Thin marine plates, with their poor resistance to deformation, are prone to uncontrollable deformation, severely increasing subsequent leveling work, reducing production efficiency, and significantly raising costs. Therefore, a small-deformation splicing welding fixture and method for thin marine plates are needed to allow for adjustment of the narrow-gap position after stud welding, preventing misalignment. During stud removal, flame cutting is unnecessary; only grinding with a grinding wheel is required, minimizing damage to the thin marine plates and preventing secondary deformation. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides welding fixtures and methods for small deformation splicing of thin marine plates, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background.
[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a welding fixture for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates, comprising: a marine thin plate and an arc extinguishing plate, wherein a guide unit is provided on one side of the marine thin plate and a stud is welded on the other side of the marine thin plate, a first frame and a second frame are respectively provided on the side of the marine thin plate near the stud, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first frame, and a screw is rotatably connected to the side of the second frame away from the first frame through a bearing, and a nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the stud, wherein the guide unit includes a fixing mechanism, a guiding mechanism and a driving mechanism.
[0006] Preferably, a threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame, a hexagonal column is fixedly sleeved at one end of the screw, and the outer wall of the screw is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded cylinder.
[0007] Preferably, guide blocks are integrally provided on both sides of the second frame, and guide openings are provided through both sides of the connecting frame, and the second frame is slidably connected to the connecting frame through the guide blocks and guide openings.
[0008] Preferably, the first frame and the second frame are both provided with first waist holes, the stud is located inside the first waist hole, the bottom of the nut is provided with a washer, and the first frame and the second frame are both fixedly connected to the ship plate by the nut and the stud.
[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the connecting frame is provided with a groove, the number of ship thin plates is two, and a welding gap station is provided between the two ship thin plates, and the groove is located on one side of the welding gap station.
[0010] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame, an extension ring, a threaded head, a torsion ring, a connecting plate, a threaded hole, a first anti-slip pad, and a second anti-slip pad. The fixing frame is disposed on the outer wall of the ship's thin plate, the extension ring is integrally disposed on one side of the fixing frame, the threaded head is disposed inside the extension ring, the torsion ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded head, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing frame, the threaded hole is opened inside the extension ring, and the extension ring is threadedly connected to the threaded head through the threaded hole, the first anti-slip pad is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing frame, and the second anti-slip pad is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded head.
[0011] Preferably, the guiding mechanism includes a guide rail, a middle guide groove, and side guide grooves. The guide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate, the middle guide groove is embedded in one side of the guide rail, and the side guide grooves are respectively embedded in both sides of the guide rail.
[0012] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a carriage, a connecting frame, a wheel axle, a side wheel, and a second waist hole. The carriage is slidably connected to one side of the guide rail, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to one side of the carriage, the wheel axle is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the carriage through a bearing, the side wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle, and the surface of the side wheel is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the middle guide groove.
[0013] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes a motor, an output shaft, a support shaft, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, rollers, an anti-slip sleeve, a first transmission wheel, a first belt, a second transmission wheel, and a second belt. The motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of the carriage. The output shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor via a coupling. The support shaft, the first transmission shaft, and the second transmission shaft are all rotatably connected to the inner wall of the carriage via bearings, and the first transmission shaft is located between the support shaft and the second transmission shaft. The rollers are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the second transmission shaft and the support shaft. The anti-slip sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rollers. The first transmission wheels are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft. The first belt is installed between the two first transmission wheels. The second transmission wheels are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the first transmission shaft and the support shaft. The second belt is installed between the two second transmission wheels.
[0014] A method for welding small-deformation marine thin-plate panels includes:
[0015] Preparation before welding:
[0016] Studs were welded to the reverse side of the thin plates on both sides of the joint to ensure perpendicularity.
[0017] Place the first and second sets of brackets on the surface of the stud, so that the stud passes through the first waist hole. Then insert the washer and tighten the nut to fix the first and second sets of brackets on the reverse side of the two ship plates. Then twist the hexagonal column, which drives the screw to rotate, thereby pushing the second set of brackets to run along the connecting frame, controlling the distance between the two ship plates, thereby adjusting the welding gap position to achieve the best, and adding arc extinguishing plates on both sides of the ship plates.
[0018] Set the guide rail parallel to the butt weld. During installation, insert the fixing bracket into the edge of the ship plate, then twist the torsion ring to screw the threaded head in to fix the ship plate. Install the FCAW welding gun on the surface of the connecting frame, remove the conductive nozzle, disconnect the shielding gas, and retain only the basic welding and wire feeding functions. Align the welding wire with the weld and use the submerged arc welding flux corresponding to the welding wire.
[0019] During welding:
[0020] During the root pass welding, a steel backing is placed on the weld seam on the back of the thin plate to prevent slag and molten metal from being lost. Then, the start button is pressed. At this time, the welding wire is pulled up, and then the welding wire automatically changes to downward feeding to contact the workpiece and rub against it to generate an electric arc, so as to ensure that the electric arc burns normally and the welding work proceeds normally. When the carriage is running, the motor is started. The motor drives the output shaft to rotate. The output shaft drives the first transmission shaft to rotate through the second transmission wheel and the second belt. The first transmission shaft drives the second transmission shaft to rotate through the first transmission wheel and the first belt, thereby driving the roller to rotate. The rolling of the roller drives the carriage to run along the inner wall of the guide rail, thereby driving the FCAW welding gun to move.
[0021] During the welding process, pay attention to the degree of penetration and the surface formation of the weld. The degree of penetration can be judged by observing the red heat of the arc burning area of the workpiece. The surface formation can be observed by removing the weld slag after welding a small section. If poor penetration or surface formation is found, adjust the specifications in time to salvage the situation and reduce losses.
[0022] Constantly observe whether the welding wire is aligned with the center of the weld to prevent weld deviation. The welder's observation position should be the same as the position when adjusting the welding wire during arc initiation to reduce visual errors. If the arc is found to be deviated, adjustments should be made.
[0023] Pay attention to checking the amount of flux in the flux funnel and add more as needed. When the flux flow is not smooth, use a rod to clear the channel and remove large obstructions.
[0024] Finally, close the gate of the flux funnel to stop feeding flux. Half-press the stop button to stop feeding the welding wire, but the arc continues to burn to fill the molten metal pool. Then press the stop button all the way down to cut off the welding current. Press the welding wire up button to pull up the welding wire, the welding torch rises, and the flux is recovered for the next use.
[0025] Twenty-four hours after welding, the studs are removed, the stud weld feet are ground off with a grinding wheel, and the studs, first set of brackets, second set of brackets and connecting brackets are removed.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] This invention, through the design of a thin ship plate, an arc-extinguishing plate, a guide unit, a stud, a first frame, a second frame, a connecting frame, a screw, and a nut, allows for adjustment of the welding gap position even after stud welding, avoiding misalignment in narrow gaps. During stud removal, no flame cutting is required; only grinding with a grinding wheel is needed, minimizing damage to the thin ship plate and preventing secondary deformation.
[0028] The present invention improves welding quality by setting up a fixing mechanism, a guiding mechanism and a driving mechanism to enable the external FCAW welding gun and wire feeding equipment to run at a uniform speed along the guide rail.
[0029] This invention, through the design of guide rails, intermediate guide grooves, rollers, and anti-slip sleeves, enables the rollers to drive the slide, external FCAW welding gun, and wire feeding equipment, ensuring a smooth running channel, reducing the generation of unsanitary corners, and facilitating cleaning and maintenance. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the stud position during welding according to the present invention;
[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position of the guide unit during welding according to the present invention;
[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first and second frames of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded internal structure of the connecting frame of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide unit structure of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the guide mechanism structure of the present invention;
[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the drive mechanism of the present invention.
[0039] In the diagram: 1. Ship sheet; 2. Arc extinguishing plate; 3101. Fixing frame; 3102. Extension ring; 3103. Threaded head; 3104. Torsion ring; 3105. Connecting plate; 3106. Threaded hole; 3107. First anti-slip pad; 3108. Second anti-slip pad; 3201. Guide rail; 3202. Middle guide groove; 3203. Side guide groove; 3301. Slide; 3302. Connecting frame; 3303. Axle; 3304. Side wheel; 3305. Second waist hole; 3306. Motor; 3307. Input... 3308. Output shaft; 3309. Support shaft; 33001. First drive shaft; 3310. Second drive shaft; 3311. Roller; 3312. Anti-slip sleeve; 3313. First drive wheel; 3314. First belt; 3315. Second drive wheel; 3316. Second belt; 4. Stud; 5. First bracket; 6. Second bracket; 7. Connecting bracket; 8. Screw; 9. Nut; 10. Threaded cylinder; 11. Hexagonal column; 12. Guide block; 13. Guide opening; 14. First waist hole; 15. Washer; 16. Groove. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] Please see Figure 1-9The welding fixture for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates includes: a marine thin plate 1 and an arc-extinguishing plate 2. A guide unit is provided on one side of the marine thin plate 1, and a stud 4 is welded on the other side of the marine thin plate 1. A first frame 5 and a second frame 6 are respectively provided on the side of the marine thin plate 1 near the stud 4. A connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first frame 5. A screw 8 is rotatably connected to the side of the second frame 6 away from the first frame 5 through a bearing. A nut 9 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the stud 4. The guide unit includes a fixing mechanism, a guiding mechanism, and a driving mechanism. Through the arrangement of the marine thin plate 1, the arc-extinguishing plate 2, the guide unit, the stud 4, the first frame 5, the second frame 6, the connecting frame 7, the screw 8, and the nut 9, the welding gap position can still be adjusted after the stud 4 is welded, avoiding misalignment in narrow gaps. During the removal of the stud 4, there is no need to use flame cutting, only grinding with a grinding wheel is required, which minimizes the damage to the marine thin plate 1 and avoids secondary deformation.
[0042] The inner wall of the connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected to a threaded cylinder 10, and one end of the screw 8 is fixedly sleeved with a hexagonal column 11. The outer wall of the screw 8 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded cylinder 10, so that the distance between the first frame 5 and the second frame 6 can be adjusted by twisting the hexagonal column 11, thereby indirectly adjusting the weld.
[0043] The second frame 6 has guide blocks 12 integrally provided on both sides, and guide openings 13 are provided through both sides of the connecting frame 7. The second frame 6 is slidably connected to the connecting frame 7 through the guide blocks 12 and guide openings 13, so that the second frame 6 can be adjusted to run in a straight line along the connecting frame 7.
[0044] The first frame 5 and the second frame 6 are both provided with first waist holes 14. The stud 4 is located inside the first waist hole 14. The bottom of the nut 9 is provided with a washer 15. The first frame 5 and the second frame 6 are both fixedly connected to the ship plate 1 by the nut 9 and the stud 4, so as to fix the first frame 5 and the second frame 6 by the nut 9 and facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the first frame 5 and the second frame 6.
[0045] Among them, the bottom of the connecting frame 7 is provided with a groove 16, there are two ship thin plates 1, and a welding gap station is provided between the two ship thin plates 1. The groove 16 is located on one side of the welding gap station so as to reserve space to prevent the connecting frame 7 from being welded and fixed.
[0046] The fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame 3101, an extension ring 3102, a threaded head 3103, a torsion ring 3104, a connecting plate 3105, a threaded hole 3106, a first anti-slip pad 3107, and a second anti-slip pad 3108. The fixing frame 3101 is installed on the outer wall of the ship's thin plate 1. The extension ring 3102 is integrally installed on one side of the fixing frame 3101. The threaded head 3103 is installed inside the extension ring 3102. The torsion ring 3104 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded head 3103. The connecting plate 3105 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 3101. On the outer wall, a threaded hole 3106 is opened inside the extension ring 3102, and the extension ring 3102 is threadedly connected to the threaded head 3103 through the threaded hole 3106. The first anti-slip pad 3107 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing bracket 3101, and the second anti-slip pad 3108 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded head 3103, so as to control the installation and removal of the fixing bracket 3101 on the surface of the ship thin plate 1 by rotating the threaded head 3103. The friction is increased by the first anti-slip pad 3107 and the second anti-slip pad 3108, thereby improving the fixing effect of the threaded head 3103.
[0047] The guiding mechanism includes a guide rail 3201, a middle guide groove 3202, and a side guide groove 3203. The guide rail 3201 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 3105. The middle guide groove 3202 is embedded in one side of the guide rail 3201, and the side guide grooves 3203 are embedded in both sides of the guide rail 3201. Through the guide rail 3201, the middle guide groove 3202, the roller 3311, and the anti-slip sleeve 3312, the roller 3311 can drive the slide 3301 and the external FCAW welding gun and wire feeding equipment to run, ensuring the smoothness of the running channel, reducing the generation of dead corners, and facilitating cleaning and maintenance.
[0048] The drive mechanism includes a slide 3301, a connecting frame 3302, a wheel axle 3303, a side wheel 3304, and a second waist hole 3305. The slide 3301 is slidably connected to one side of the guide rail 3201, the connecting frame 3302 is fixedly connected to one side of the slide 3301, the wheel axle 3303 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide 3301 through a bearing, and the side wheel 3304 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle 3303, and the surface of the side wheel 3304 is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the middle guide groove 3202.
[0049] The drive mechanism includes a motor 3306, an output shaft 3307, a support shaft 3308, a first transmission shaft 3309, a second transmission shaft 3310, rollers 3311, anti-slip sleeves 3312, a first transmission wheel 3313, a first belt 3314, a second transmission wheel 3315, and a second belt 3316. The motor 3306 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the slide 3301. The output shaft 3307 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 3306 via a coupling. The support shaft 3308, the first transmission shaft 3309, and the second transmission shaft 3310 are all rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide 3301 via bearings, with the first transmission shaft 3309 located between the support shaft 3308 and the second transmission shaft 3310. The rollers 3311 are respectively fixed... The first drive wheel 3313 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second drive shaft 3310 and the outer wall of the support shaft 3308. The anti-slip sleeve 3312 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the roller 3311. The first drive wheel 3313 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first drive shaft 3309 and the outer wall of the second drive shaft 3310 respectively. The first belt 3314 is installed between the two first drive wheels 3313. The second drive wheel 3315 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first drive shaft 3309 and the outer wall of the support shaft 3308 respectively. The second belt 3316 is installed between the two second drive wheels 3315. Through the setting of the fixing mechanism, guiding mechanism and driving mechanism, the external FCAW welding gun and wire feeding equipment can be driven to run at a uniform speed along the guide rail 3201, thereby improving the welding quality.
[0050] Welding fixtures for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates, including:
[0051] Preparation before welding:
[0052] Studs 4 are welded to the reverse side of the thin plate 1 on both sides of the joint to ensure perpendicularity;
[0053] The first set of brackets 5 and the second set of brackets 6 are placed on the surface of the stud 4 so that the stud 4 passes through the first waist hole 14. Then, the washer 15 is inserted and the nut 9 is tightened to fix the first set of brackets 5 and the second set of brackets 6 on the opposite side of the two thin ship plates 1. Then, the hexagonal column 11 is twisted, and the hexagonal column 11 drives the screw 8 to rotate, thereby pushing the second set of brackets 6 to run along the connecting frame 7, controlling the distance between the two thin ship plates 1, thereby adjusting the welding gap position to achieve the best, and adding arc extinguishing plates 2 on both sides of the thin ship plates 1.
[0054] A guide rail 3201 is set parallel to the butt weld. During installation, the fixing bracket 3101 is inserted into the edge of the ship plate 1, and then the torsion ring 3104 is twisted so that the threaded head 3103 is screwed in to fix the ship plate 1. The FCAW welding gun is installed on the surface of the connecting frame 3302, the conductive nozzle is removed, the shielding gas is turned off, and only the basic welding and wire feeding functions are retained. The welding wire is aligned with the weld, and the flux is the submerged arc welding flux corresponding to the welding wire.
[0055] During welding:
[0056] During the root pass welding, a steel backing is placed at the weld position on the back of the thin plate 1 to prevent slag and molten metal from being lost. Then, the start button is pressed. At this time, the welding wire is pulled up, and then the welding wire automatically changes to downward feeding to contact the workpiece and rub against it to generate an electric arc, so as to ensure that the electric arc burns normally and the welding work proceeds normally. When the slide 3301 is running, the motor 3306 is started. The motor 3306 drives the output shaft 3307 to rotate. The output shaft 3307 drives the first drive shaft 3309 to rotate through the second drive wheel 3315 and the second belt 3316. The first drive shaft 3309 drives the second drive shaft 3310 to rotate through the first drive wheel 3313 and the first belt 3314, thereby driving the roller 3311 to rotate. Thus, the roller 3311 drives the slide 3301 to run along the inner wall of the guide rail 3201 through the rolling of the roller 3311, thereby driving the FCAW welding gun to run.
[0057] During the welding process, pay attention to the degree of penetration and the surface formation of the weld. The degree of penetration can be judged by observing the red heat of the arc burning area of the workpiece. The surface formation can be observed by removing the weld slag after welding a small section. If poor penetration or surface formation is found, adjust the specifications in time to salvage the situation and reduce losses.
[0058] Constantly observe whether the welding wire is aligned with the center of the weld to prevent weld deviation. The welder's observation position should be the same as the position when adjusting the welding wire during arc initiation to reduce visual errors. If the arc is found to be deviated, adjustments should be made.
[0059] Pay attention to checking the amount of flux in the flux funnel and add more as needed. When the flux flow is not smooth, use a rod to clear the channel and remove large obstructions.
[0060] Finally, close the gate of the flux funnel to stop feeding flux. Half-press the stop button to stop feeding the welding wire, but the arc continues to burn to fill the molten metal pool. Then press the stop button all the way down to cut off the welding current. Press the welding wire up button to pull up the welding wire, the welding torch rises, and the flux is recovered for the next use.
[0061] Twenty-four hours after welding is completed, stud 4 is removed, the weld feet of stud 4 are ground off with a grinding wheel, and stud 4, first set of brackets 5, second set of brackets 6 and connecting bracket 7 are removed.
[0062] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. Welding fixture for small-deformation splicing of thin marine plates, characterized in that, include: The ship thin plate (1) and the arc extinguishing plate (2) are provided. A guide unit is provided on one side of the ship thin plate (1), and a stud (4) is welded on the other side of the ship thin plate (1). A first frame (5) and a second frame (6) are respectively provided on the side of the ship thin plate (1) near the stud (4). A connecting frame (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first frame (5). A screw (8) is rotatably connected to the side of the second frame (6) away from the first frame (5) through a bearing. A nut (9) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the stud (4). The guide unit includes a fixing mechanism, a guiding mechanism and a driving mechanism. The fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame (3101), an extension ring (3102), a threaded head (3103), a torsion ring (3104), a connecting plate (3105), a threaded hole (3106), a first anti-slip pad (3107), and a second anti-slip pad (3108). The fixing frame (3101) is disposed on the outer wall of the ship's thin plate (1). The extension ring (3102) is integrally disposed on one side of the fixing frame (3101). The threaded head (3103) is disposed inside the extension ring (3102). The torsion ring (3104) 3104) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded head (3103), the connecting plate (3105) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing frame (3101), the threaded hole (3106) is opened inside the extension ring (3102), and the extension ring (3102) is threadedly connected to the threaded head (3103) through the threaded hole (3106), the first anti-slip pad (3107) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing frame (3101), and the second anti-slip pad (3108) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded head (3103); The guiding mechanism includes a guide rail (3201), a middle guide groove (3202), and a side guide groove (3203). The guide rail (3201) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (3105). The middle guide groove (3202) is embedded in one side of the guide rail (3201), and the side guide grooves (3203) are respectively embedded in both sides of the guide rail (3201). The drive mechanism includes a slide (3301), a connecting frame (3302), a wheel axle (3303), a side wheel (3304), and a second waist hole (3305). The slide (3301) is slidably connected to one side of the guide rail (3201), the connecting frame (3302) is fixedly connected to one side of the slide (3301), the wheel axle (3303) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide (3301) through a bearing, and the side wheel (3304) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle (3303), and the surface of the side wheel (3304) is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the intermediate guide groove (3202). The drive mechanism further includes a motor (3306), an output shaft (3307), a support shaft (3308), a first transmission shaft (3309), a second transmission shaft (3310), a roller (3311), an anti-slip sleeve (3312), a first transmission wheel (3313), a first belt (3314), a second transmission wheel (3315), and a second belt (3316). The motor (3306) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the slide (3301). The output shaft (3307) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (3306) via a coupling. The support shaft (3308), the first transmission shaft (3309), and the second transmission shaft (3310) are all rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide (3301) via bearings. The first drive wheel (3311) is located between the support shaft (3308) and the second drive shaft (3310). The roller (3311) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second drive shaft (3310) and the outer wall of the support shaft (3308). The anti-slip sleeve (3312) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the roller (3311). The first drive wheel (3313) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first drive shaft (3309) and the outer wall of the second drive shaft (3310). The first belt (3314) is installed between the two first drive wheels (3313). The second drive wheel (3315) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first drive shaft (3309) and the outer wall of the support shaft (3308). The second belt (3316) is installed between the two second drive wheels (3315).
2. The welding fixture for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the connecting frame (7) is fixedly connected to a threaded cylinder (10), and one end of the screw (8) is fixedly sleeved with a hexagonal column (11), and the outer wall of the screw (8) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded cylinder (10).
3. The welding fixture for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second frame (6) has guide blocks (12) integrally provided on both sides, and the connecting frame (7) has guide openings (13) through both sides. The second frame (6) is slidably connected to the connecting frame (7) through the guide blocks (12) and guide openings (13).
4. The welding fixture for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first frame (5) and the second frame (6) are provided with first waist holes (14) on both sides. The stud (4) is located inside the first waist hole (14). The bottom of the nut (9) is provided with a washer (15). The first frame (5) and the second frame (6) are fixedly connected to the ship plate (1) by the nut (9) and the stud (4).
5. The welding fixture for small deformation splicing of marine thin plates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the connecting frame (7) is provided with a groove (16), there are two ship thin plates (1), and a welding gap station is provided between the two ship thin plates (1), and the groove (16) is located on one side of the welding gap station.
6. A method for welding small deformation marine thin plate panels based on the welding fixture for small deformation marine thin plate panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: Preparation before welding: Studs (4) are welded to the reverse side of the thin plates (1) on both sides of the joint to ensure verticality; Place the first set of brackets (5) and the second set of brackets (6) on the surface of the stud (4) so that the stud (4) passes through the first waist hole (14). Then put in the washer (15) and tighten the nut (9) to fix the first set of brackets (5) and the second set of brackets (6) on the opposite side of the two ship plates (1). Then twist the hexagonal column (11), and the hexagonal column (11) drives the screw (8) to rotate, thereby pushing the second set of brackets (6) to run along the connecting frame (7) to control the distance between the two ship plates (1), thereby adjusting the welding gap position to achieve the best, and add arc extinguishing plates (2) on both sides of the ship plates (1). A guide rail (3201) is set parallel to the butt weld. During installation, the fixing bracket (3101) is inserted into the edge of the ship thin plate (1). Then, the torsion ring (3104) is twisted so that the thread head (3103) is screwed in to fix the ship thin plate (1). The FCAW welding gun is installed on the surface of the connecting frame (3302). The conductive nozzle is removed, the shielding gas is disconnected, and only the basic welding and wire feeding functions are retained. The welding wire is aligned with the weld. The flux is the submerged arc welding flux corresponding to the welding wire. During welding: During the root pass welding, a steel liner is placed on the back of the ship thin plate (1) to prevent the loss of slag and molten pool metal. Then, the start button is pressed. At this time, the welding wire is pulled up and then automatically fed down to contact the workpiece and rub against it to generate an electric arc, so as to ensure that the electric arc burns normally and the welding work proceeds normally. When the slide (3301) is running, the motor (3306) is started. The motor (3306) drives the output shaft (3307) to rotate. The output shaft (3307) drives the first drive shaft (3309) to rotate through the second drive wheel (3315) and the second belt (3316). The first drive shaft (3309) drives the second drive shaft (3310) to rotate through the first drive wheel (3313) and the first belt (3314), thereby driving the roller (3311) to rotate. Thus, the roller (3311) rotates and drives the slide (3301) to run along the inner wall of the guide rail (3201) through the rolling of the roller (3311), thereby driving the FCAW welding gun to run. During the welding process, pay attention to the degree of penetration and the surface formation of the weld. The degree of penetration can be judged by observing the red heat of the arc burning area of the workpiece. The surface formation can be observed by removing the weld slag after welding a small section. If poor penetration or surface formation is found, adjust the specifications in time to salvage the situation and reduce losses. Constantly observe whether the welding wire is aligned with the center of the weld to prevent weld deviation. The welder's observation position should be the same as the position when adjusting the welding wire during arc initiation to reduce visual errors. If the arc is found to be deviated, adjustments should be made. Pay attention to checking the amount of flux in the flux funnel and add more as needed. When the flux flow is not smooth, use a rod to clear the channel and remove large obstructions. Finally, close the gate of the flux funnel to stop feeding flux. Half-press the stop button to stop feeding the welding wire, but the arc continues to burn to fill the molten metal pool. Then press the stop button all the way down to cut off the welding current. Press the welding wire up button to pull up the welding wire, the welding torch rises, and the flux is recovered for the next use. Twenty-four hours after welding, remove the stud (4), grind off the weld feet of the stud (4) with a grinding wheel, and remove the stud (4), the first set of brackets (5), the second set of brackets (6) and the connecting bracket (7).