van-type energy dissipation and sand removal basin

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy dissipation and scour prevention of hydraulic structures, and discloses a van-type energy dissipation and sand removal pool, which comprises a connecting section and an energy dissipation and sand removal section, the energy dissipation and sand removal section comprises a bottom plate II, side walls, water retaining overflow walls, overflow openings, energy dissipation and water distribution walls, sand removal gates, water delivery gates, a working platform, a hoist, an energy dissipation and sand removal van, and an energy dissipation and water delivery groove, the bottom of the side wall of the energy dissipation and sand removal section is connected with the bottom plate II, a plurality of energy dissipation and water distribution walls and water retaining overflow walls are arranged on the bottom plate II at intervals, the downstream ends of the left and right sides of each energy dissipation and water distribution wall are connected with the upstream ends of two water retaining overflow walls respectively, and the overflow openings are arranged on the upper portions of the water retaining overflow walls. The van-type energy dissipation and sand removal pool has a reasonable structure, and when water flows through the van-type energy dissipation and sand removal pool, three collision energy dissipations are achieved, the problem of downstream riverbed siltation caused by artificial active rock throwing for energy dissipation is completely eliminated, the flow state characteristics of the conventional stilling pool are effectively improved, and the energy dissipation effect of the stilling pool is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy dissipation and scour prevention technology for hydraulic structures, and is a chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of water conservancy and hydropower development and construction technology, downstream energy dissipation and scour prevention technology for water-passing structures has always been a key focus of the dam construction community. This is especially true when water-passing structures are located in areas with relatively weak geological conditions, where the role of downstream energy dissipation and scour prevention technology becomes even more prominent. Currently, the dam construction community mostly uses the method of throwing rocks into the energy dissipation pool to achieve energy dissipation. However, this method has the following drawbacks: First, the selection of rock particle size is difficult to adapt to the energy dissipation of various continuous flood processes with different flow rates; second, it is impossible to replenish and restore the rocks washed out of the energy dissipation pool in a timely manner; third, the rocks washed away by the water flow will accelerate the siltation of the downstream riverbed, causing river channel deformation and instability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a new energy dissipation technology to accelerate the solution of dam construction energy dissipation problems. To this end, this invention provides a novel energy dissipation technology to accelerate the solution of dam construction energy dissipation problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal pool, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problems of existing rock-drop energy dissipation methods, such as the difficulty in selecting the rock particle size to adapt to the energy dissipation of various flood processes with continuous and different flow rates, the inability to replenish and restore the rocks washed out of the energy dissipation pool in a timely manner, and the accelerated siltation of the downstream riverbed caused by the rocks washed away by the water flow.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is achieved through the following measures: a chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank, the connecting section including a channel bottom plate, a channel side wall, a first bottom plate, and a diffusion twist surface, the bottom of the channel side wall is connected to the channel bottom plate, the downstream of the channel side wall is connected to the upstream of the diffusion twist surface, the downstream of the channel bottom plate is connected to the upstream of the first bottom plate, the bottom of the diffusion twist surface is connected to the first bottom plate, the energy dissipation and sand removal section including a second bottom plate, side walls, a water-retaining overflow wall, an overflow outlet, an energy dissipation water-dividing wall, a sand discharge gate, and a water conveyance gate, the upstream of the side wall is connected to the downstream of the diffusion twist surface, the bottom of the side wall is connected to the second bottom plate, the upstream of the second bottom plate is connected to the downstream of the first bottom plate, and a plurality of energy dissipation water-dividing walls are spaced apart on the second bottom plate. Each energy dissipation water distribution wall is connected to the upstream of two water-retaining overflow walls at its left and right ends respectively. The bottom of the water-retaining overflow wall is connected to the second base plate. The overflow outlet is located at the top of the water-retaining overflow wall. Each energy dissipation water distribution wall, the two water-retaining overflow walls connected to the left and right ends of the energy dissipation water distribution wall and the second base plate form an energy dissipation water conveying channel. A water conveying gate is located downstream of the energy dissipation water conveying channel. The two adjacent water-retaining overflow walls of two adjacent energy dissipation water conveying channels and the second base plate form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber. The leftmost water-retaining overflow wall, the left side wall and the second base plate form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber. The rightmost water-retaining overflow wall, the right side wall and the second base plate form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber. A sand discharge gate is located downstream of the energy dissipation sand removal chamber.

[0005] The following is a further explanation of the above-mentioned inventive solution:

[0006] The aforementioned base plate 2 may include a slope section and a flat section. The upstream of the slope section is connected to the downstream of base plate 1, and the upstream of the flat section is connected to the downstream of the slope section. The height of the slope section increases sequentially from its upstream to its downstream. The sand discharge gate and the water conveyance gate are both located above the flat section and close to the downstream of the slope section.

[0007] Three energy dissipation and water distribution walls can be evenly spaced on the left and right sides of the aforementioned base plate 2.

[0008] A working platform can be installed at the top of the energy dissipation and sand removal section corresponding to the above-mentioned sand discharge gate and water conveyance gate positions. The working platform is equipped with the sand discharge gate hoist and the water conveyance gate hoist.

[0009] The aforementioned sand-draining gates and water-transfer gates can be arranged on the same axis or on two parallel axes.

[0010] The number of the aforementioned energy dissipation water distribution walls and energy dissipation water conveyance channels can be set as an odd number according to actual needs; the number of energy dissipation and sand removal chambers can be selected as an even number according to parameters such as the discharge flow rate and velocity of the water conservancy project.

[0011] The length of the aforementioned energy dissipation and sand removal chamber can be increased or decreased according to parameters such as the outflow and velocity of the water conservancy project; the aforementioned energy dissipation and sand removal pool has an automatic sand removal function, which concentrates and discharges the sediment carried by the incoming water, and there are no fillers inside it.

[0012] This invention features a rational structure. Upon entering the chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank, the water flow achieves initial energy dissipation through the energy dissipation dividing wall. After entering the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber, the water undergoes its own energy dissipation through self-collision. Because the overflow outlet is lateral, when the water flows through it, opposing water flows are generated on both sides, resulting in a second round of self-collision energy dissipation. In short, the water flow undergoes three energy dissipation processes throughout its journey through the chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank, resulting in excellent energy dissipation and eliminating the need for... Energy dissipation is achieved by throwing stones into the stilling basin. This completely eliminates the problems of inconsistent stone particle size selection to adapt to various flood processes with different flow rates, the inability to replenish and restore stones washed out of the stilling basin in a timely manner, and the accelerated siltation of downstream riverbeds caused by stones washed away by the water flow. It also effectively improves the flow characteristics within conventional stilling basins, resulting in better energy dissipation. Furthermore, this box-type energy dissipation and sediment removal basin not only dissipates energy but also deposits sand and gravel carried by the incoming water, which is then discharged downstream. This application features low maintenance costs, ease of construction, and wide application. It is suitable not only for water diversion and irrigation energy dissipation but also for small and medium-sized power generation energy dissipation, especially for seasonal rivers with high sediment content, where it plays a unique role that other energy dissipation methods cannot replace.

[0013] The key technology of this invention lies in: using energy-dissipating water dividers, energy-dissipating sand removal chambers, and energy-dissipating water conveyance channels to accelerate the internal collision between water bodies, thereby realizing the self-consumption of water energy and significantly reducing the scouring of the downstream riverbed by water energy. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Appendix Figure 1 This is a top view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA.

[0016] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the side wall, 2 is the energy dissipation and water diversion wall, 3 is the water-retaining overflow wall, 4 is the overflow outlet, 5 is the sand discharge gate, 6 is the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber, 7 is the water conveyance gate, 8 is the energy dissipation and water conveyance trough, 9 is the bottom plate of the diversion channel section, 10 is the side wall of the diversion channel section, 11 is the bottom plate one, 12 is the diffusion twist surface, 13 is the slope section, 14 is the plane section, 15 is the working platform, 16 is the sand discharge gate hoist, and 17 is the water conveyance gate hoist. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0019] In this invention, the relative positions of the components are as per the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The direction of water flow is used to describe the direction of water flow, such as: the direction of water inflow is upstream, the direction of water outflow is downstream, the left side is the direction of water flow to the left when facing downstream, and the right side is the direction of water flow to the right.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0021] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, the chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank includes a connecting section and an energy dissipation and sand removal section. The connecting section includes a channel bottom plate 9, a channel side wall 10, a bottom plate 11, and a diffusion twist surface 12. The bottom of the channel side wall 10 is connected to the channel bottom plate 9, and the downstream of the channel side wall 10 is connected to the upstream of the diffusion twist surface 12. The downstream of the channel bottom plate 9 is connected to the upstream of the bottom plate 11, and the bottom of the diffusion twist surface 12 is connected to the bottom plate 11. The energy dissipation and sand removal section includes a bottom plate 2, a side wall 1, a water-retaining overflow wall 3, an overflow outlet 4, an energy dissipation water distribution wall 2, a sand discharge gate 5, and a water conveyance gate 7. The upstream of the side wall 1 is connected to the downstream of the diffusion twist surface 12, and the bottom of the side wall 1 is connected to the bottom plate 2. The upstream of the bottom plate 2 is connected to the downstream of the bottom plate 11. Several energy dissipation partitions are spaced apart on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 2. Water wall 2, each energy dissipation water diversion wall 2 is connected to the upstream of two water-retaining overflow walls 3 at its left and right ends respectively. The bottom of the water-retaining overflow wall 3 is connected to the bottom plate 2. The overflow port 4 is located at the upper part of the water-retaining overflow wall 3. Each energy dissipation water diversion wall 2, the two water-retaining overflow walls 3 connected to the left and right ends of the energy dissipation water diversion wall 2 and the bottom plate 2 form an energy dissipation water conveying channel 8. A water conveying gate 7 is provided downstream of the energy dissipation water conveying channel 8. The two adjacent water-retaining overflow walls 3 and the bottom plate 2 of two adjacent energy dissipation water conveying channels 8 form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber 6. The leftmost water-retaining overflow wall 3, the left side wall 1 and the bottom plate 2 form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber 6. The rightmost water-retaining overflow wall 3, the right side wall 1 and the bottom plate 2 form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber 6. A sand discharge gate 5 is provided downstream of the energy dissipation sand removal chamber 6.

[0022] When the water flows through the connecting section to the energy dissipation and sand removal section, the water impacts the energy dissipation dividing wall 2, which is perpendicular to the water flow direction, thus achieving the first energy dissipation upon impact. The interval between the leftmost energy dissipation dividing wall 2 and the left side wall 1 is the inlet channel for the water supply to enter the leftmost energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6. The interval between the rightmost energy dissipation dividing wall 2 and the right side wall 1 is the inlet channel for the water supply to enter the rightmost energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6. The interval between the two energy dissipation dividing walls 2 of two adjacent energy dissipation water conveyance tanks 8 is the inlet channel for the water supply to enter the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6 located between the two adjacent energy dissipation water conveyance tanks 8. The water flows into the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6 through the inlet channel. Since the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6 has only one inlet channel at the upstream, and the downstream and left and right sides of the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6 are blocked, the water flow achieves the first self-collision energy dissipation in the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6. The top of the water-blocking overflow wall 3 is provided with an overflow port 4 that runs through the left and right sides. The upper layer of clear water in the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6 flows to the energy dissipation water conveying tank 8 through the overflow port 4. The silt carried in the water flow settles to the bottom of the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6. When the silt settled in the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6 reaches a certain amount, the sand discharge gate 5 is opened to discharge the silt. Since each energy dissipation water conveying tank 8 has two overflow ports 4 on the left and right sides, the water flowing in from the two overflow ports 4 flows in opposite directions. Thus, the water flow achieves the second self-collision energy dissipation in the energy dissipation water conveying tank 8. Finally, the water flows out through the water conveying gate 7. When water flows through the chamber-type energy dissipation and sediment removal basin of this application, it achieves three-stage collision energy dissipation, resulting in good energy dissipation effect. There is no need to dissipate energy by throwing stones into the basin, thus completely eliminating the downstream riverbed siltation problem caused by the active throwing of stones into the basin for energy dissipation. At the same time, it effectively improves the flow characteristics inside the conventional energy dissipation basin, making the energy dissipation effect inside the energy dissipation basin better. In addition, this application has low maintenance cost, is easy to construct, and has a wide range of applications. It is not only suitable for energy dissipation in water diversion and irrigation, but also for energy dissipation in small and medium-sized power generation. In particular, it has a unique role that cannot be replaced by other energy dissipation methods for seasonal rivers with high sediment content.

[0023] According to requirements, both the sand-dissipating gate 5 and the water-conveying gate 7 can adopt existing known technologies. Specifically, in this embodiment, three energy-dissipating water-dividing walls are evenly spaced on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 2. A sand-dissipating gate 5 is provided between the downstream of the leftmost water-retaining overflow wall 3 connected to the leftmost energy-dissipating water-dividing wall 2 and the downstream of the left side wall 1. A sand-dissipating gate 5 is also provided between the downstream of the rightmost water-retaining overflow wall 3 connected to the leftmost energy-dissipating water-dividing wall 2 and the downstream of the leftmost water-retaining overflow wall 3 connected to the middle energy-dissipating water-dividing wall 2. A sand discharge gate 5 is provided between the downstream of the right overflow wall 3 on the middle energy dissipation water diversion wall 2 and the downstream of the left overflow wall 3 connected to the rightmost energy dissipation water diversion wall 2. A sand discharge gate 5 is also provided between the downstream of the right overflow wall 3 connected to the rightmost energy dissipation water diversion wall 2 and the downstream of the right side wall 1. A water conveyance gate 7 is provided between the downstream of the two overflow walls 3 connected to each energy dissipation water diversion wall 2, thereby forming four alternating energy dissipation and sand removal chambers 6 and three energy dissipation water conveyance channels 8.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, the bottom plate 9 of the diversion channel and the side wall 10 of the diversion channel form a diversion channel with a trapezoidal cross section.

[0025] As attached Figure 1-2 As shown, the second base plate includes a slope section 13 and a flat section 14. The upstream of the slope section 13 is connected to the downstream of the first base plate 11, and the upstream of the flat section 14 is connected to the downstream of the slope section 13. The height of the slope section 13 increases sequentially from its upstream to its downstream. The sand discharge gate 5 and the water conveyance gate 7 are both located above the flat section 14 and close to the downstream of the slope section 13. Because the slope section 13 adopts a reverse slope design, large-diameter sand and gravel accumulate at a lower point upstream of the slope. This not only greatly enhances the energy dissipation effect of the water flow in the energy dissipation and sand removal chamber 6, but also prevents large-diameter sand and gravel from impacting the sand discharge gate 5.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sand discharge gate 5 and the water conveyance gate 7 are respectively set on two parallel axes.

[0027] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, a working platform 15 is provided at the top of the energy dissipation and sand removal section corresponding to the positions of the sand discharge gate 5 and the water conveyance gate 7. The working platform 15 is equipped with a sand discharge gate hoist 16 and a water conveyance gate hoist 17. The sand discharge gate hoist 16 is used to control the opening and closing of the sand discharge gate 5, and the water conveyance gate hoist 17 is used to control the opening and closing of the water conveyance gate 7.

[0028] Based on actual needs, the above embodiments may be further optimized and / or improved:

[0029] As attached Figure 1As shown, the connection section of the energy dissipation and sand removal pool can be selected with different water flow cross-sections. Specifically, in other embodiments, the sand discharge gate 5 and the water conveyance gate 7 are arranged on the same axis or two parallel axes; the number of energy dissipation water diversion walls 2 and energy dissipation water conveyance channels 8 can be set in odd numbers according to actual needs; the number of energy dissipation and sand removal chambers 6 can be selected in even numbers according to parameters such as the discharge flow rate and velocity of the water conservancy project; the length of the energy dissipation and sand removal chambers 6 can be lengthened or shortened according to parameters such as the discharge flow rate and velocity of the water conservancy project; the energy dissipation and sand removal pool has an automatic sand removal function, which concentrates and discharges the sediment carried by the incoming water, and there are no fillers inside it.

[0030] The above technical features constitute the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and optimal implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank, characterized in that... The system includes a connecting section and an energy dissipation and sand removal section. The connecting section includes the diversion channel bottom slab, diversion channel sidewalls, bottom slab one, and a diffusion twist surface. The bottom of the diversion channel sidewall is connected to the diversion channel bottom slab, and the downstream of the diversion channel sidewall is connected to the upstream of the diffusion twist surface. The downstream of the diversion channel bottom slab is connected to the upstream of bottom slab one, and the bottom of the diffusion twist surface is connected to bottom slab one. The energy dissipation and sand removal section includes bottom slab two, sidewalls, overflow walls, overflow outlets, energy dissipation water distribution walls, sand discharge gates, and water conveyance gates. The upstream of the sidewalls is connected to the downstream of the diffusion twist surface, and the bottom of the sidewalls is connected to bottom slab two. The upstream of bottom slab two is connected to the downstream of bottom slab one. Several energy dissipation water distribution walls are spaced apart on the left and right sides of bottom slab two. Each energy dissipation water distribution wall... The left and right ends are connected to the upstream of two water-retaining overflow walls respectively. The bottom of the water-retaining overflow wall is connected to the second base plate. The overflow outlet is located on the upper part of the water-retaining overflow wall. Each energy dissipation water-dividing wall, the two water-retaining overflow walls connected to the left and right ends of the energy dissipation water-dividing wall and the second base plate form an energy dissipation water conveying channel. A water conveying gate is located downstream of the energy dissipation water conveying channel. The two adjacent water-retaining overflow walls of two adjacent energy dissipation water conveying channels and the second base plate form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber. The leftmost water-retaining overflow wall, the left side wall and the second base plate form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber. The rightmost water-retaining overflow wall, the right side wall and the second base plate form an energy dissipation sand removal chamber. A sand discharge gate is located downstream of the energy dissipation sand removal chamber.

2. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 1, characterized in that... A working platform is provided at the top of the energy dissipation and sand removal section corresponding to the location of the sand discharge gate and the water conveyance gate. The working platform is equipped with the sand discharge gate hoist and the water conveyance gate hoist.

3. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The sand-draining gate and the water-transfer gate are arranged on the same axis or on two parallel axes.

4. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The second base plate includes a slope section and a flat section. The upstream of the slope section is connected to the downstream of the first base plate, and the upstream of the flat section is connected to the downstream of the slope section. The height of the slope section increases from its upstream to its downstream. The sand discharge gate and the water conveyance gate are both located above the flat section and close to the downstream of the slope section.

5. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... The second base plate includes a slope section and a flat section. The upstream of the slope section is connected to the downstream of the first base plate, and the upstream of the flat section is connected to the downstream of the slope section. The height of the slope section increases from its upstream to its downstream. The sand discharge gate and the water conveyance gate are both located above the flat section and close to the downstream of the slope section.

6. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 1, 2, or 5, characterized in that... Three energy-dissipating and water-dividing walls are evenly spaced on the left and right sides of the bottom plate.

7. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... Three energy-dissipating and water-dividing walls are evenly spaced on the left and right sides of the bottom plate.

8. The chamber-type energy dissipation and sand removal tank according to claim 4, characterized in that... Three energy-dissipating and water-dividing walls are evenly spaced on the left and right sides of the bottom plate.

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