Method for machining gas film holes on a ring using a laser

Abstract

The application provides a method for processing gas film holes on a ring-shaped part by using a laser, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a position reference of the ring-shaped part, and aligning the ring-shaped part; S2, determining the position of a first row of gas film holes and the 0° position of the ring-shaped part; S3, rotating a workbench around a rotary shaft for one circle, and measuring the distance between the laser outlet hole and the surface of the ring-shaped part as P 1j ; S4, recording the difference between the 0° position of the i-th row and the j-th gas film hole and the 0° position of the ring-shaped part as P ij -P i0 ; S5, determining the distance between the laser outlet hole and the surface of the ring-shaped part in the punching state as d, so that the punching distance D 10 =d; S6, moving the laser head by a distance ΔD 1j =-(P 1j -P 10 ), and processing the gas film hole by using the laser; S7, moving the laser head by a distance ΔD ij =-(P ij -P i0 ) at the i-th row and the j-th gas film hole, and processing the gas film hole by using the laser; and S8, completing the laser processing of all the gas film holes. The application can make the distance between the laser focus position and the surface of the part consistent during the laser processing, so that the size of the laser-processed gas film hole is uniform, and the circumferential distribution is uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas turbine and aero-engine technology, and in particular to a method for processing film holes on an annular component using a laser. Background Technology

[0002] High-energy laser processing of film pores offers advantages such as short processing time, high efficiency, and low cost, leading to its widespread application in gas turbines and aero-engines. For example, the efficiency of high-energy laser processing for film pores in combustion chamber flame tubes is dozens of times that of traditional electrical discharge machining (EDM). Furthermore, almost all materials can be processed using lasers. In advanced gas turbines and aero-engines, the flame tube walls typically employ thermal barrier coating technology. Since thermal barrier coatings are non-conductive, EDM cannot be used, making laser processing almost the optimal method for machining film pores.

[0003] The principle of high-energy laser processing of workpieces is as follows: a focused high-energy laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece at the laser irradiation point rapidly vaporizes and melts, causing the gas pressure to rise sharply. Then, a high-speed auxiliary airflow is ejected outward along the laser irradiation direction, thereby forming a small hole in the processing area.

[0004] In gas turbines and aero engines, the annular components requiring laser-machined film cooling holes are typically thin and prone to deformation during sheet metal or machining processes. During subsequent laser processing, due to part deformation, the distance between the laser head and the part surface varies with the severity of the deformation, resulting in inconsistent laser focal distances and thus varying sizes of the processed film cooling holes. Furthermore, in most cases, the film cooling holes are at an angle to the part surface, further complicating the laser focal distance and causing uneven arrangement of the holes, even circumferentially uneven distribution. This severely impacts the heat insulation effect of the film cooling holes and the gas distribution within the combustion chamber.

[0005] Existing methods for laser machining of film cooling holes generally aim to minimize deformation of the annular component, such as reducing the feed rate during machining and using auxiliary supports. However, even in a free state, the annular component will still exhibit some degree of deformation. In situations where structural space is limited and the positional accuracy of the film cooling holes is critical, these methods often fail to meet design requirements.

[0006] In laser processing, due to the deformation of the ring-shaped part, the distance between the laser focus position and the surface of the part varies, resulting in problems such as inconsistent size of the processed air film holes, uneven arrangement of the air film holes, and even uneven circumferential distribution.

[0007] In view of this, the inventors of this application have designed a method for processing air film holes on a ring using a laser, thereby overcoming the problems of inconsistent size and uneven circumferential distribution of air film holes caused by deformation of the ring. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, such as the uneven size and circumferential distribution of air film holes caused by the deformation of the ring part, and to provide a method for processing air film holes on a ring part using a laser.

[0009] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Clamp the ring-shaped part on the worktable, determine the position reference of the ring-shaped part, and align the ring-shaped part so that the rotation axis of the ring-shaped part and the rotation axis of the worktable are on the same line.

[0012] S2. Determine the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0° position of the annular part, and focus the laser of the laser so that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular part at the 0° position.

[0013] S3. The worktable rotates one revolution around its axis of rotation. Using the laser ranging function of the laser, the distance P between the laser exit hole of the laser and the surface of the annular component is measured. 1j ;

[0014] Where 1 represents the first air film hole, j represents the j-th air film hole, and the difference between the j-th air film hole in the first row and the 0° position of the annular component is recorded as P. 1j -P 10 ;

[0015] S4. Move the laser head of the laser along the Z-axis to the i-th row, and repeat steps S2 and S3 above until the last row is measured. Record the difference P between the j-th air film hole in the i-th row and the 0° position of the annular component. ij -P i0 ;

[0016] S5. Determine that the distance between the laser exit of the laser in the drilling state and the surface of the annular component is d. Return the laser head to the 0° position of the first exhaust film hole and adjust the distance between the laser exit of the laser and the surface of the annular component to D. 10 Make the drilling distance D 10 =d;

[0017] S6. Keeping the laser head stationary, rotate the worktable around its axis of rotation. At the j-th air film hole of the first exhaust film hole, the laser head moves a distance ΔD. 1j =-(P 1j -P 10 Laser processing of air film pores;

[0018] S7. Move the laser head along the Z-axis to the i-th air film hole, and repeat step S6 above. At the j-th air film hole in the i-th row, the moving distance ΔD of the laser head is... ij =-(P ij -P i0 Laser processing of air film pores;

[0019] S8. Complete the laser processing of all air film holes.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis corresponding to the j-th air film hole in the i-th row on the annular part is its radial direction, which is perpendicular to the Z-axis of the worktable, with the direction away from the movement of the part being the positive direction and the direction closer to the movement of the part being the negative direction.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the Z-axis and the rotation axis of the annular member are on a straight line, and the orientation upward is the positive direction.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S1 further includes: keeping the laser head horizontal, aiming at the edge of one end of the annular component, and rotating it around the rotation axis of the annular component for one revolution; if the edge of one end of the annular component remains within the capture field of view of the laser, it is considered that the axial alignment is completed.

[0023] The laser head rotates 90° and remains vertical, aims at the edge of one end of the annular component, and rotates around the rotation axis of the annular component for one revolution. If the edge of one end of the annular component remains within the capture field of view of the laser, it is considered that the circumferential alignment is completed.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for ensuring that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular part in step S2 is as follows: the laser head is kept parallel to the X-axis, and a mark is made by laser at the 0° position of the annular part. The laser head is rotated around the laser focus by an angle α. If the mark is still displayed in the field of view of the laser, it is considered that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular part. The angle α is 0° to 90°.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the 0° position of the annular component is selected as the position of the first air film hole in each row, and the laser head is kept parallel to the X-axis.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the laser head is kept parallel to the corresponding X-axis.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the laser head maintains an angle β with the X-axis, and the value of the angle β ranges from 0° to 90°.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in steps S6 and S7, the laser head moves along the corresponding X-axis.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the annular component includes a full-ring component and a non-full-ring component.

[0030] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] This invention utilizes a method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped part using a laser. This method ensures that the distance between the laser focal point and the part surface is consistent during laser processing, effectively overcoming problems such as inconsistent air film hole size and uneven circumferential distribution caused by deformation of the ring-shaped part. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals always denote the same features, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the alignment process in the method of machining air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser, as described in this invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped part using a laser according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of angle α in the method of processing air film holes on a ring-shaped part using a laser according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, examples of which are shown in the drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used in all the drawings to denote the same or similar parts.

[0039] Furthermore, although the terminology used in this invention is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this specification may have been selected by the applicant in his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of the description herein.

[0040] Furthermore, the invention should be understood not only through the actual terminology used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the alignment process in the method of machining air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser, as described in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped part using a laser according to the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of angle α in the method of processing air film holes on a ring-shaped part using a laser according to the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this invention discloses a method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser. The processing apparatus includes a worktable 10, a ring-shaped component 20, and a laser head 30. The laser head 30 is a laser exit device for the laser and contains a laser exit hole 31.

[0043] The method for processing air film holes on an annular component using a laser includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S1: Clamp the ring part 20 on the worktable 10, determine the position reference of the ring part 20, and align the ring part 20 so that the rotation axis of the ring part 20 and the rotation axis of the worktable 10 are on the same line.

[0045] Preferably, step S1 further includes: keeping the laser head 30 horizontal, aiming at the edge of one end of the annular member 20, and rotating it around the rotation axis of the annular member 20 for one revolution. If the edge 21 of one end of the annular member 20 remains within the capture field of view of the laser, it is considered that the axial alignment is completed.

[0046] The laser head rotates 90° and remains vertical, aims at the edge 21 of one end of the annular component 20, and rotates around the rotation axis of the annular component 20 for one revolution. If the edge 21 of one end of the annular component 20 remains within the capture field of view of the laser, it is considered that the circumferential alignment is completed.

[0047] The annular component 20 here may preferably include a full-ring component and a non-full-ring component, such as a fan-shaped structure.

[0048] Step S2: Determine the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0° position of the annular component, and focus the laser of the laser so that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular component 20 at the 0° position.

[0049] Preferably, the method for ensuring that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular component 20 in step S2 is as follows: the laser head 30 is kept parallel to the X-axis, and a mark is made by laser at the 0° position of the annular component 20. The laser head 30 rotates around the laser focus by an angle α. If the mark is still displayed in the field of view of the laser, it is considered that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular component 20. The angle α is 0° to 90°.

[0050] In step S2, the 0° position of the annular component 20 is preferably selected as the position of the first air film hole in each row, and the laser head 30 is kept parallel to the X-axis.

[0051] More preferably, the X-axis corresponding to the j-th air film hole in the i-th row on the annular part 20 is its radial direction, which is perpendicular to the Z-axis of the worktable 10, with the direction away from the movement of the part being the positive direction and the direction closer to the movement of the part being the negative direction.

[0052] The Z-axis is on a straight line with the rotation axis of the annular component 20, and the upward direction is the positive direction.

[0053] Step S3: The worktable 10 rotates one revolution around its axis of rotation. Using the laser ranging function of the laser, the distance P between the laser exit hole of the laser and the surface of the annular part 20 is measured. 1j ;

[0054] Where 1 represents the first air film hole, j represents the j-th air film hole, and the difference between the j-th air film hole in the first row and the 0° position of the annular component is recorded as P. 1j -P 10 .

[0055] The air film pores mentioned here refer to small holes that penetrate the parts. They can generally form an air film on the surface of the parts, which can play a role in heat insulation.

[0056] Preferably, in step S3, the laser head 30 remains parallel to the corresponding X-axis.

[0057] Step S4: Move the laser head of the laser along the Z-axis to the i-th row, and repeat steps S2 and S3 above until the last row is measured. Record the difference P between the j-th air film hole in the i-th row and the 0° position of the annular component. ij -P i0 .

[0058] Step S5: Determine the distance d between the laser exit of the laser in the drilling state and the surface of the annular component 20. Return the laser head 30 to the 0° position of the first exhaust film hole and adjust the distance D between the laser exit of the laser and the surface of the annular component. 10 Make the drilling distance D 10 =d.

[0059] Preferably, in step S5, the laser head 30 maintains an angle β with the X-axis, and the value of the angle β ranges from 0° to 90°.

[0060] Step S6: Keeping the laser head 30 stationary, rotate the worktable 10 around its axis of rotation. At the j-th air film hole of the first exhaust film hole, the laser head 30 moves a distance ΔD. 1j =-(P 1j -P 10 Laser processing of air film pores is performed.

[0061] Step S7: Move the laser head 30 along the Z-axis to the i-th air film hole, and repeat step S6 above. At the j-th air film hole in the i-th row, the moving distance ΔD of the laser head 30 is... ij =-(P ij -P i0 Laser processing of air film pores is performed.

[0062] Preferably, in steps S6 and S7, the laser head 30 moves along the corresponding X-axis.

[0063] Step S8: Complete the laser processing of all air film holes.

[0064] This invention utilizes a laser to process film air holes on a ring-shaped component. While typical laser processing of film air holes on ring-shaped components is employed, the application also covers planar or curved surfaces. When the ring-shaped component deforms, the distance between the laser focus and the component surface remains consistent, overcoming problems such as inconsistent film air hole size and uneven circumferential distribution caused by component deformation.

[0065] In summary, the method of processing air film holes on annular parts using lasers in this invention can ensure that the distance between the laser focal point and the surface of the part is consistent during laser processing, effectively overcoming the problems of inconsistent air film hole size and uneven circumferential distribution caused by deformation of the annular part.

[0066] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser, characterized in that, The method for processing air film holes on an annular component using a laser includes the following steps: S1. Clamp the ring-shaped part on the worktable, determine the position reference of the ring-shaped part, and align the ring-shaped part so that the rotation axis of the ring-shaped part and the rotation axis of the worktable are on the same line. S2. Determine the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0° position of the annular part, and focus the laser of the laser so that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular part at the 0° position. S3. The worktable rotates one revolution around its axis of rotation. Using the laser ranging function of the laser, the distance P between the laser exit hole of the laser and the surface of the annular component is measured. 1j ; Where 1 represents the first air film hole, j represents the j-th air film hole, and the difference between the j-th air film hole in the first row and the 0° position of the annular component is recorded as P. 1j -P 10 ; S4. Move the laser head of the laser along the Z-axis to the i-th row, and repeat steps S2 and S3 above until the last row is measured. Record the difference P between the j-th air film hole in the i-th row and the 0° position of the annular component. ij -P i0 ; S5. Determine that the distance between the laser exit of the laser in the drilling state and the surface of the annular component is d. Return the laser head to the 0° position of the first exhaust film hole and adjust the distance between the laser exit of the laser and the surface of the annular component to D. 10 Make the drilling distance D 10 =d; S6. Keeping the laser head stationary, rotate the worktable around its axis of rotation. At the j-th air film hole of the first exhaust film hole, the laser head moves a distance ΔD. 1j =-(P 1j -P 10 Laser processing of air film pores; S7. Move the laser head along the Z-axis to the i-th air film hole, and repeat step S6 above. At the j-th air film hole in the i-th row, the moving distance ΔD of the laser head is... ij =-(P ij -P i0 Laser processing of air film pores; S8. Complete the laser processing of all air film holes.

2. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis corresponding to the j-th air film hole in the i-th row of the annular part is its radial direction, which is perpendicular to the Z-axis of the worktable. The direction away from the movement of the part is the positive direction, and the direction closer to the movement of the part is the negative direction.

3. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The Z-axis is on a straight line with the rotation axis of the annular component, and the upward direction is the positive direction.

4. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 further includes: keeping the laser head horizontal, aiming at the edge of one end of the annular component, and rotating it around the rotation axis of the annular component for one revolution. If the edge of one end of the annular component remains within the capture field of view of the laser, it is considered that the axial alignment is completed. The laser head rotates 90° and remains vertical, aims at the edge of one end of the annular component, and rotates around the rotation axis of the annular component for one revolution. If the edge of one end of the annular component remains within the capture field of view of the laser, it is considered that the circumferential alignment is completed.

5. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method to ensure that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular part in step S2 is as follows: the laser head is kept parallel to the X-axis, and a mark is made by laser at the 0° position of the annular part. The laser head is rotated around the laser focus by an angle α. If the mark is still displayed in the field of view of the laser, it is considered that the laser focus hits the surface of the annular part. The angle α is 0° to 90°.

6. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the 0° position of the annular component is selected as the location of the first air film hole in each row, and the laser head is kept parallel to the X-axis.

7. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the laser head is kept parallel to the corresponding X-axis.

8. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S5, the laser head maintains an angle β with the X-axis, and the value of the angle β ranges from 0° to 90°.

9. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In steps S6 and S7, the laser head moves along the corresponding X-axis.

10. The method for processing air film holes on a ring-shaped component using a laser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ring-shaped component includes full-ring components and non-full-ring components.

Images