Building load control method based on phase change energy storage

Abstract

The application discloses a building load control method based on phase change energy storage, wherein at least part of rooms in the building are air-conditioned rooms, and a cold storage structure is arranged on the top of the air-conditioned room; the control method comprises the following steps: determining indoor temperature according to real-time electricity price and building load; when the real-time electricity price is in a first period, controlling the air conditioner to provide cold energy for the air-conditioned room according to the indoor temperature and controlling the air conditioner to provide cold energy for the cold storage structure based on the indoor temperature; and when the real-time electricity price is in a second period, controlling the air conditioner and the cold storage structure to synchronously provide cold energy for the air-conditioned room based on the indoor temperature. By adopting the cold storage structure and the air conditioner synchronous instruction, the use of valley electricity and flat electricity is increased, and the use of peak electricity and peak electricity is reduced, so that the building electricity cost is reduced, the building power load in the period of peak electricity and the period of peak electricity is reduced, the peak load is filled with valley electricity, and the summer electricity pressure is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system load dispatching technology, and in particular to a building load control method based on phase change energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] The air conditioning systems in existing air-conditioned buildings generally operate by maintaining a constant indoor temperature of 25±1℃ or 26±1℃. The air conditioning operation coincides with peak electricity pricing periods, resulting in high electricity costs and increasing the building's power load during these overlapping peak and off-peak hours. This does not utilize peak shaving and valley filling to alleviate summer electricity pressure.

[0003] Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this application aims to solve is to provide a building load control method based on phase change energy storage, addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a first aspect of this application provides a building load control method based on phase change energy storage, wherein at least some rooms in the building are air-conditioned rooms, and a cold storage structure is installed on the roof of each air-conditioned room; the control method includes:

[0006] Indoor temperature is determined based on real-time electricity prices, photovoltaic power generation, and building load.

[0007] When the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, the air conditioner is controlled to provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room according to the indoor temperature, and the air conditioner is also controlled to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure. The first time period includes off-peak electricity period and flat electricity period.

[0008] When the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioner and the cold storage structure, based on the indoor temperature control, synchronously provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room. The second time period includes peak electricity period and peak period.

[0009] Optionally, the cold storage structure includes a shell, a cold storage material, and a capillary tube. The cold storage material and the capillary tube are both located inside the shell. The inlet of the capillary tube is connected to the chilled water supply pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit, and the outlet of the capillary tube is connected to the chilled water return pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit.

[0010] Optionally, the cold storage structure is arranged on the ceiling of the air-conditioned room as a suspended ceiling panel.

[0011] Optionally, determining the indoor temperature based on real-time electricity prices and building load specifically includes:

[0012] The first indoor temperature is determined based on the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price;

[0013] Obtain the load range corresponding to the building load, and obtain the second indoor temperature corresponding to the load range;

[0014] If the first indoor temperature and the second indoor temperature match, the first indoor temperature shall be used as the indoor temperature.

[0015] If the first indoor temperature and the second indoor temperature do not match, the second indoor temperature shall be used as the indoor temperature.

[0016] Optionally, determining the first indoor temperature based on the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price specifically involves:

[0017] When the target time period is the off-peak electricity period in the first time period, the phase change temperature of the cold storage structure is set to the first indoor temperature;

[0018] When the target time period is the flat power period in the first time period, the first preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature, wherein the first preset temperature is greater than the phase change temperature;

[0019] When the target time period is the peak power period in the second time period, the second preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature, wherein the second preset temperature is greater than the phase change temperature;

[0020] When the target time period is the peak period in the second time period, the third preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature, wherein the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature.

[0021] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0022] When the cold storage structure is in the cold storage state, the cold storage temperature when the cold storage structure starts to store cold and the temperature of the cooling water used to store cold for the cold storage structure are obtained.

[0023] Calculate the temperature difference between the cold storage temperature and the cooling water temperature, and determine the target cold storage duration based on the temperature difference;

[0024] When the cold storage structure reaches the target cold storage duration, cold storage for the cold storage structure is stopped.

[0025] Optionally, determining the target cold storage duration based on the temperature difference specifically includes:

[0026] When the real-time electricity price is during off-peak hours, the target cold storage duration is determined based on the temperature difference.

[0027] When the real-time electricity price is during the flat electricity period, the required cooling capacity is determined based on the length of the peak electricity period following the flat electricity period and the indoor temperature during the peak electricity period. If the required cooling capacity is less than the target cooling capacity of the cooling storage structure, the target cooling duration is calculated based on the cooling capacity and the temperature difference. If the required cooling capacity is greater than or equal to the target cooling capacity, the target cooling duration is calculated based on the target cooling capacity and the temperature difference.

[0028] Optionally, the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and the method further includes:

[0029] When the building load reaches the first load threshold and the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioning load is supplemented by the photovoltaic system.

[0030] Optionally, the building is equipped with an electrochemical energy storage system, and the method further includes:

[0031] When the building load is below the second load threshold and the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, energy is stored through the electrochemical energy storage system.

[0032] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this application provides a building load control method based on phase change energy storage. The method is applied to buildings where at least some rooms are air-conditioned, and each air-conditioned room has a cold storage structure installed on its roof. The control method includes: determining the indoor temperature based on real-time electricity price, building load, and photovoltaic system power generation; when the real-time electricity price is in a first time period, controlling the air conditioner to provide cooling to the air-conditioned room according to the indoor temperature, and controlling the air conditioner to provide cooling to the cold storage structure; when the real-time electricity price is in a second time period, controlling the air conditioner and the cold storage structure to synchronously provide cooling to the air-conditioned room based on the indoor temperature. This application, by using a cold storage structure synchronized with the air conditioner, increases the utilization of off-peak and flat-peak electricity, reducing the use of peak / spiking electricity. On the one hand, it can reduce building electricity costs; on the other hand, it can reduce the building's power load during peak and off-peak periods, achieving peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating summer electricity pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cold storage structure provided in this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cold storage structure provided in this application.

[0036] Figure 3 A flowchart of the building load control method based on phase change energy storage provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] This application provides a building load control method based on phase change energy storage. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this application clearer and more explicit, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this application means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0039] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0040] It should be understood that the sequence number and size of each step in this embodiment do not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process is determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of this application embodiment.

[0041] Research has found that existing air conditioning systems in buildings generally operate by maintaining a constant indoor temperature of 25±1℃ or 26±1℃. However, the air conditioning operation coincides with peak electricity consumption periods, resulting in high electricity costs and increasing the building's power load during these overlapping periods, thus failing to utilize peak shaving and valley filling to alleviate summer power pressure.

[0042] To address the aforementioned issues, this application embodiment includes a cold storage structure installed on the roof of the air-conditioned rooms in the building. The indoor temperature is determined based on real-time electricity prices and building load. When the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, the air conditioner is controlled to provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned rooms according to the indoor temperature, and also to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure. When the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioner and the cold storage structure are controlled to synchronously provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned rooms based on the indoor temperature. This application, by employing a cold storage structure synchronized with the air conditioner, increases the utilization of off-peak and flat electricity usage, reducing peak / surge electricity usage. This reduces building electricity costs and lowers the building's power load during peak and valley periods, achieving peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating summer electricity pressure.

[0043] The application content will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments.

[0044] This embodiment provides a building load control method based on phase change energy storage. The building is equipped with an air conditioning system, which cools / heats at least some rooms in the building; that is, at least some rooms in the building are air-conditioned rooms. A cold storage structure is installed on the roof of each air-conditioned room. The air conditioning system can provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure via chilled water, allowing the cold storage structure to store cold. The cold storage structure can provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room when the indoor temperature reaches the phase change temperature, thus cooling the air-conditioned room synchronously with the air conditioning system.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cold storage structure includes a shell 10, a cold storage material 20, and a capillary tube 30. The shell 10 has a receiving cavity, which is filled with the cold storage material 20. The capillary tube 30 is arranged in a U-shape within the receiving cavity and is wrapped by the cold storage material. The inlet 40 of the capillary tube is connected to the chilled water supply pipe 70 of the air conditioning fan coil unit 60, and the outlet 50 of the capillary tube is connected to the chilled water return pipe 80 of the air conditioning fan coil unit 60. The cold storage process of the cold storage structure is as follows: chilled water from the supply pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit of the air conditioning system enters the capillary tube through the inlet. After flowing through the capillary tube, the chilled water flows through the outlet into the chilled water return pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit to return to the air conditioning system. During the process of chilled water flowing from the inlet into the capillary tube and from the outlet out of the capillary tube, the cold storage material absorbs and stores the cold energy carried by the chilled water through a phase change.

[0046] In one implementation, a control valve is installed on the connection between the water supply pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit and the water inlet of the capillary tube. The control valve controls the connection / disconnection between the water supply pipe and the water inlet of the air conditioning fan coil unit. Thus, during peak electricity periods and peak periods, or after the energy storage structure has completed cold storage, the connection between the water supply pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit and the water inlet of the capillary tube can be disconnected by closing the control valve. During off-peak electricity periods and normal electricity periods, the controller can be activated to maintain the connection between the water supply pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit and the water inlet of the capillary tube.

[0047] Furthermore, the cold storage material is a 25℃ phase change material with a cold storage density of 49.2 kWh / m³. The cold storage structure is installed as a ceiling panel in the air-conditioned room, without affecting interior decoration or ceiling installation. This is because the cold release process of the cold storage material involves convective heat transfer Qd (i.e., when the indoor temperature is lower than the building's surface temperature, the building stores cold energy) and radiative heat transfer Qf (when the indoor temperature is higher than the building's surface temperature, the building releases cold energy). Taking a temperature difference Δt = 1℃ as an example, the radiative heat transfer is 5.32 W / m², and the convective heat transfer at the top of the room is 2.13 W / m², resulting in a heat transfer of 7.45 W / m² per unit area. Taking office buildings as an example, the peak electricity consumption period is from 2:00 PM to 6:00 PM, which is also the peak time for air conditioning energy consumption. The indoor temperature of the air conditioner is set to 27℃. The total amount of cold storage required per unit area is approximately 60Wh / ㎡, and the amount of cold storage material required per unit area is 1.22×10-3m³. If only 30% of the ceiling has cold storage material, the thickness of the cold storage material per unit area is 4.1mm, which will not affect the interior decoration and ceiling installation.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the building load control method based on phase change energy storage provided in this embodiment specifically includes:

[0049] S10. Determine the indoor temperature based on real-time electricity prices and building load.

[0050] Specifically, real-time electricity price refers to the current electricity price period, which includes off-peak hours, flat hours, peak hours, and peak periods. Peak periods are defined as the peak hours within a pre-defined month. For example, if city A designates July to September as peak months (meaning peak-valley prices are higher in peak months than in other months), then the peak hours from July to September are peak periods. The target period is encompassed within the off-peak, flat, peak, and peak periods. In other words, after obtaining the current real-time electricity price, the corresponding price period is determined and designated as the target period.

[0051] Building load refers to a building's energy consumption, which mainly includes lighting, air conditioning, power equipment (elevators, fire protection, water pumps, etc.), and electrical outlets. Air conditioning is the primary contributor to the building load. Therefore, to balance the building load, the building load must be considered when determining the indoor temperature. When the building load is high, the air conditioning load should be reduced as much as possible to lower the overall building load. When the building load is low, the air conditioning system can be used to store cold for cold storage structures.

[0052] In one implementation, determining the indoor temperature based on real-time electricity prices and building load specifically includes:

[0053] The first indoor temperature is determined based on the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price;

[0054] Obtain the load range corresponding to the building load, and obtain the second indoor temperature corresponding to the load range;

[0055] If the first indoor temperature and the second indoor temperature match, the first indoor temperature shall be used as the indoor temperature.

[0056] If the first indoor temperature and the second indoor temperature do not match, the second indoor temperature shall be used as the indoor temperature.

[0057] Specifically, the target time period is one of the following: off-peak electricity period, normal electricity period, peak electricity period, and peak period. Each of these periods corresponds to a temperature range, allowing the determination of the first indoor temperature at the current moment based on the target time period. In one implementation, determining the first indoor temperature based on the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price specifically involves:

[0058] When the target time period is the off-peak electricity period in the first time period, the phase change temperature of the cold storage structure is set to the first indoor temperature;

[0059] When the target time period is the flat power period in the first time period, the first preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature;

[0060] When the target time period is the peak power period in the second time period, the second preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature;

[0061] When the target time period is the peak period in the second time period, the third preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature.

[0062] Specifically, the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, and the third preset temperature are all preset, wherein the first preset temperature is greater than the phase change temperature; the second preset temperature is greater than the phase change temperature; and the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature. Preferably, the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature. In other words, the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned room during off-peak and neutral electricity periods can be lower than that during peak and peak electricity periods. This allows the air conditioning to primarily cool the building during off-peak and neutral electricity periods, while during peak and peak electricity periods, the air conditioning and cold storage structure simultaneously cool the building. This reduces the air conditioning load during peak and peak electricity periods, thereby reducing the building load during these periods.

[0063] For example, the indoor temperature during off-peak hours is controlled at 25℃; during average hours at 26℃; during peak hours at 26-27℃; and during peak periods at 27-28℃. After obtaining the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price, the indoor temperature range corresponding to the target time period is selected, and then a temperature is randomly selected within that range. For example, a temperature is randomly selected within the target time period's indoor temperature range.

[0064] Furthermore, the load intervals are pre-defined. That is, the building load is pre-divided from 0 to maximum load into several load intervals. After obtaining the building load, the corresponding load interval can be found among these pre-defined intervals. In addition, each load interval corresponds to an indoor temperature interval. Thus, after obtaining the building load, a second indoor temperature can be determined based on the load interval in which the building load falls. For example, assuming the building load is Df, when Df≤50%, the indoor temperature tn≤26℃; 50%<Df<85%, the indoor temperature tn=26-27℃; Df≥85%, the indoor temperature tn=27-28℃. Where the indoor temperature corresponding to the load interval is a temperature interval, a temperature can be randomly selected from that temperature interval as the second indoor temperature.

[0065] S20. When the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, the air conditioner is controlled to provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room according to the indoor temperature, and the air conditioner is also controlled to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure.

[0066] Specifically, the first period includes off-peak electricity hours and normal electricity hours. During off-peak and normal electricity hours, the electricity price is low, so the air conditioner can provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room. At the same time, the air conditioner can also store cold for the cold storage structure. In other words, during the first period, the control valve on the connection between the water supply pipe of the air conditioner fan coil unit and the water inlet of the capillary tube can be opened, so that the chilled water of the air conditioner fan coil unit flows through the capillary tube to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure, allowing the cold storage structure to store cold.

[0067] In one implementation, the method further includes:

[0068] When the cold storage structure is in the cold storage state, the cold storage temperature when the cold storage structure starts to store cold and the temperature of the cooling water used to store cold for the cold storage structure are obtained.

[0069] Calculate the temperature difference between the cold storage temperature and the cooling water temperature, and determine the target cold storage duration based on the temperature difference;

[0070] When the cold storage structure reaches the target cold storage duration, cold storage for the cold storage structure is stopped.

[0071] Specifically, the target cold storage duration determines the target cold storage capacity of the cold storage structure, which is used to prevent condensation on the surface of the structure. In other words, when the cold storage capacity exceeds the target capacity, the temperature of the cold storage material within the structure will be too different from the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned room, leading to condensation on the surface of the cold storage material and consequently, the surface of the cold storage structure itself. For example, when the indoor temperature is 26°C, the relative humidity is 70%, and the dew point is 20.1°C, controlling the cold storage capacity while maintaining the temperature of the cold storage material at no less than 21°C can prevent condensation on the surface of the cold storage structure.

[0072] Therefore, in one implementation, before determining the target cold storage duration, the indoor temperature and humidity can be obtained. The dew point temperature is determined based on the indoor temperature and humidity, and then the target cold storage temperature is determined based on the dew point temperature. The target cold storage temperature reflects the temperature of the cold storage material when the cold storage structure completes cold storage; the target cold storage temperature is higher than the dew point temperature. Finally, the target cold storage capacity is determined based on the current cold storage temperature of the cold storage material and the target cold storage temperature. The target cold storage duration can be determined based on the target cold storage capacity, temperature difference, heat transfer coefficient, and heat transfer area of ​​the capillary tube. The formula for calculating the target cold storage duration is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] in, Indicates the target cooling storage time. Indicates the target cold storage capacity. Indicates the heat transfer coefficient. This indicates the heat transfer area of ​​the capillary tube. This indicates the temperature difference.

[0075] In addition, it is worth noting that since the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned room changes in real time, the target cooling storage time will also change. Therefore, during the cooling storage process, the current indoor temperature of the air-conditioned room can be obtained at preset intervals, and the target cooling storage time can be adjusted according to the current indoor temperature of the air-conditioned room.

[0076] After obtaining the target cooling storage duration, the system can monitor whether the cooling storage structure has reached the target duration. When the target duration is reached, cooling storage for the structure ceases. Simultaneously, the system also monitors whether the real-time electricity price period changes. If the real-time electricity price period changes, the system will adjust its control accordingly. For example, if the target cooling storage duration has not been reached and the electricity price period shifts to a peak price period, cooling storage for the structure will also cease.

[0077] In one implementation, determining the target cold storage duration based on the temperature difference specifically includes:

[0078] When the real-time electricity price is during off-peak hours, the target cold storage duration is determined based on the temperature difference.

[0079] When the real-time electricity price is during the flat electricity period, the required cooling capacity is determined based on the length of the peak electricity period following the flat electricity period and the indoor temperature during the peak electricity period. If the required cooling capacity is less than the target cooling capacity of the cooling storage structure, the target cooling duration is calculated based on the cooling capacity and the temperature difference. If the required cooling capacity is greater than or equal to the target cooling capacity, the target cooling duration is calculated based on the target cooling capacity and the temperature difference.

[0080] Specifically, during off-peak hours, the electricity price is low, allowing the cold storage structure to store the cold energy up to the target amount. During normal hours, the required amount of cold energy storage can be determined based on the duration of the peak hours following the normal hours and the indoor temperature. The cold storage structure can then store the cold energy up to the minimum of the required and target amounts, thus avoiding energy waste caused by releasing cold energy during non-air conditioning periods.

[0081] S30. When the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioner and the cold storage structure simultaneously provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room based on the indoor temperature control.

[0082] Specifically, the second period includes peak power periods and peak periods. The cooling process of the cold storage structure is an automatic process. When the indoor temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of the cold storage structure, the cold storage structure can automatically release the cold.

[0083] In one implementation, the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and the method further includes:

[0084] When the building load reaches the first load threshold and the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioning load is supplemented by the photovoltaic system.

[0085] Specifically, the first load threshold is preset to indicate high building load. In other words, when the building load exceeds the first load threshold, it indicates high building load, and the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, indicating high electricity costs. Therefore, the electricity stored by the photovoltaic power generation system is used to partially power the air conditioning system, thereby reducing building energy consumption costs.

[0086] In one implementation, the building is equipped with an electrochemical energy storage system, and the method further includes:

[0087] When the building load is below the second load threshold and the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, energy is stored through the electrochemical energy storage system.

[0088] Specifically, the second load threshold is preset to indicate low building load. In other words, when the building load is below the second load threshold, it indicates low building load, and the real-time electricity price is within the first time period, indicating low electricity costs. Therefore, at this time, the electrochemical energy storage system converts electrical energy into other energy sources, where the second load threshold is lower than the first load threshold.

[0089] In summary, this embodiment provides a building load control method based on phase change energy storage. The method is applied to buildings where at least some rooms are air-conditioned, and each air-conditioned room has a cold storage structure installed on its roof. The control method includes: determining the indoor temperature based on real-time electricity price and building load; when the real-time electricity price is in a first time period, controlling the air conditioner to provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room according to the indoor temperature, and controlling the air conditioner to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure; when the real-time electricity price is in a second time period, controlling the air conditioner and the cold storage structure to synchronously provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room based on the indoor temperature. This application, by using a cold storage structure synchronized with the air conditioner, increases the utilization of off-peak and flat-peak electricity usage, reducing peak / spiking electricity usage. On the one hand, it can reduce building electricity costs; on the other hand, it can reduce the building's power load during peak and off-peak periods, achieving peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating summer electricity pressure.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A building load control method based on phase change energy storage, characterized in that, The building is equipped with an electrochemical energy storage system, and at least some rooms in the building are air-conditioned rooms, with a cold storage structure installed on the ceiling of each air-conditioned room; the cold storage structure includes a cold storage material and capillary tubes; the control method includes: Indoor temperature is determined based on real-time electricity prices and building load. The determination of indoor temperature based on real-time electricity prices and building load specifically includes: The first indoor temperature is determined based on the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price; Obtain the load range corresponding to the building load, and obtain the second indoor temperature corresponding to the load range; If the first indoor temperature and the second indoor temperature match, the first indoor temperature shall be used as the indoor temperature. If the first indoor temperature and the second indoor temperature do not match, the second indoor temperature shall be used as the indoor temperature. When the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, the air conditioner is controlled to provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room according to the indoor temperature, and the air conditioner is also controlled to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage structure. The first time period includes off-peak electricity period and flat electricity period. When the building load is below the second load threshold and the real-time electricity price is in the first time period, energy is stored through the electrochemical energy storage system. When the cold storage structure is in the cold storage state, the cold storage temperature when the cold storage structure starts to store cold and the temperature of the cooling water used to store cold for the cold storage structure are obtained. The indoor temperature and humidity are obtained, and the condensation temperature is determined based on the indoor temperature and humidity. Then, the target cold storage temperature is determined based on the condensation temperature. The target cold storage temperature is used to reflect the temperature of the cold storage material when the cold storage structure completes cold storage. The target cold storage temperature is higher than the condensation temperature. The target cold storage capacity is determined based on the cold storage temperature and the target cold storage temperature. The temperature difference between the cold storage temperature and the cooling water temperature is calculated. The target cold storage duration is determined based on the target cold storage capacity, the temperature difference, the heat transfer coefficient, and the heat transfer area of ​​the capillary tube. When the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioner and the cold storage structure simultaneously provide cooling capacity to the air-conditioned room based on the indoor temperature control. The second time period includes peak electricity period and peak period. The specific steps for determining the first indoor temperature based on the target time period corresponding to the real-time electricity price are as follows: When the target time period is the off-peak electricity period in the first time period, the phase change temperature of the cold storage structure is set to the first indoor temperature; When the target time period is the flat power period in the first time period, the first preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature, wherein the first preset temperature is greater than the phase change temperature; When the target time period is the peak power period in the second time period, the second preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature, wherein the second preset temperature is greater than the phase change temperature; When the target time period is the peak period in the second time period, the third preset temperature is set to the first indoor temperature, wherein the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature.

2. The building load control method based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage structure also includes a shell, and the cold storage material and the capillary are both located inside the shell. The inlet of the capillary is connected to the chilled water supply pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit, and the outlet of the capillary is connected to the chilled water return pipe of the air conditioning fan coil unit.

3. The building load control method based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cold storage structure is installed on the ceiling of the air-conditioned room.

4. The building load control method based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the cold storage structure reaches the target cold storage duration, cold storage for the cold storage structure is stopped.

5. The building load control method based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and the method further includes: When the building load reaches the first load threshold and the real-time electricity price is in the second time period, the air conditioning load is supplemented by the photovoltaic system; wherein, the second load threshold is less than the first load threshold.

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