Gas flow distribution device and electrochemical energy conversion device thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electrochemistry, in particular to an air flow distribution device and an electrochemical energy conversion device thereof, wherein the air flow distribution device comprises a main body, the main body comprises oppositely arranged first and second end faces, an exhaust passage is arranged through the first and / or second end face of the main body, a pressure loss increasing passage is arranged on the main body, and the two ends of the pressure loss increasing passage are communicated with the exhaust passage and the outer side wall of the main body respectively, and the exhaust passage is further communicated with an electric pile. The percentage of pressure loss difference between each electric pile branch line is reduced, the flow deviation caused by the pressure loss deviation of the electric pile and the fluid pipeline is optimized, the same and stable air flow is introduced into each electric pile, and the utilization rate of raw material fluid of the module is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular to an airflow distribution device and its electrochemical energy conversion device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and solid oxide electrolyzers (SOECs) can be collectively referred to as solid oxide batteries (SOCs). SOCs are advanced electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices with broad application prospects in clean energy power generation and CO2 conversion. A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an energy conversion device that directly converts the chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. It has a high operating temperature, typically in the range of 700–1000℃, so its waste heat can be utilized to achieve combined heat and power (CHP) while generating electricity, achieving an energy utilization efficiency of up to 90%. A solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC) is an electrochemical device that converts electrical and thermal energy into chemical energy; its reaction is the reverse reaction of a solid oxide fuel cell. As one of the main technologies for hydrogen production through water electrolysis today, SOECs typically operate at 700–850℃, with an electrolysis efficiency of 85%–95%.

[0003] When a solid oxide battery (SOC) is working, multiple battery stacks are usually connected in series to form a module in order to improve its power generation or hydrogen production output. However, due to manufacturing and assembly deviations in the battery stacks and fluid pipelines, the flow distribution into each battery stack is uneven, which greatly limits the utilization rate of raw material fluids in the module. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an airflow distribution device and its electrochemical energy conversion device, which reduces the percentage difference in pressure loss between the branch lines of each fuel cell stack, thereby optimizing the flow deviation caused by the pressure loss deviation of the fuel cell stack and fluid pipeline, thus enabling each fuel cell stack to obtain the same and stable airflow, and ensuring the utilization rate of the raw material fluid of the module.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an airflow distribution device, comprising a main body, the main body including a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other, an exhaust channel provided through the first end face and / or the second end face on the main body, and a pressure loss channel provided on the main body, the two ends of the pressure loss channel being respectively connected to the exhaust channel and the outer side wall of the main body.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the airflow distribution device of this invention has the following advantages: The main body is provided with a connected pressure loss channel and an exhaust channel. Fluid enters the main body through the inlet of the pressure loss channel, reaches the exhaust channel, and then enters the fuel cell stack through the exhaust channel. By adding a pressure loss channel to the airflow uniform distribution device, and then sending the fluid with increased pressure loss into the fuel cell stack through the exhaust channel, the overall pressure loss of each fuel cell stack branch line can be greatly increased, and the percentage difference in pressure loss between each fuel cell stack branch line can be reduced. This optimizes the flow deviation caused by pressure loss deviation in the fuel cell stack and fluid pipeline, thereby ensuring that each fuel cell stack receives a stable and uniform airflow, guaranteeing the utilization rate of the raw material fluid in the module.

[0007] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, the equivalent diameter D1 of the cross section of the pressure loss channel perpendicular to its channel direction ranges from 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

[0008] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, the length L of the pressure loss channel is within the range of: 500*D1≥L≥25*D1.

[0009] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, the equivalent diameter D2 of the exhaust channel cross section satisfies the following range: 20 * D1 ≥ D2 ≥ D1.

[0010] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, an airflow equalization chamber is formed in the main body, and the pressure loss channel is connected to the exhaust channel through the airflow equalization chamber.

[0011] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, the intersection of the airflow equalization chamber and the pressure loss channel is a first cross section. Let the cross-sectional area of ​​the first cross section be S2, and let the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure loss channel in the direction perpendicular to its channel be S1. S1 and S2 satisfy: 5 < S2 : S1 < 100.

[0012] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, the volume V1 of the airflow equalization chamber and the volume V2 of the main body satisfy the following condition: 1 / 15 ≤ V1 / V2 ≤ 1 / 6.

[0013] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, an air intake channel is provided on the side of the main body away from the exhaust channel, and the air intake channel is connected to an air outlet chamber.

[0014] In the airflow distribution device of this invention, an ear seat is formed on the outer side wall of the main body. The ear seat includes an air inlet ear seat and an air outlet ear seat. Both the air inlet ear seat and the air outlet ear seat include an ear seat body and a hollow ventilation part formed in the ear seat body. The air outlet chamber is connected to the hollow ventilation part of the air outlet ear seat, and the pressure loss channel is connected to the hollow ventilation part of the air inlet ear seat.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electrochemical energy conversion device, including at least one fuel cell stack and an airflow distribution device as described in any of the above embodiments. The fuel cell stack and the airflow distribution device are stacked and abut against the first end face and / or the second end face. The exhaust channel of the airflow distribution device is connected to the airflow inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the air inlet channel of the airflow distribution device is connected to the airflow outlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical energy conversion device of this invention has the following advantages: The electrochemical energy conversion device of this application integrates the gas inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack into a gas flow uniform distribution device, which has a high degree of integration, small space occupation, and low cost. At the same time, by adding a pressure loss channel in the gas flow uniform distribution device, and then sending the fluid with increased pressure loss into the fuel cell stack through the exhaust channel, the gas flow uniform distribution of multiple fuel cell stacks in the electrochemical energy conversion device is realized, which improves the ability of the electrochemical energy conversion device to resist fluctuations in parameters such as gas flow rate, current, calorific value, and temperature.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an external schematic diagram of an airflow distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of an airflow distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention with the outermost plate removed;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an exploded schematic diagram of an airflow distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the internal structure of the airflow distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the other outermost plate removed.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view at point A-A;

[0023] Figure 6This is an external schematic diagram of an airflow distribution device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the internal structure of the airflow distribution device of another embodiment of the present invention with the outermost plate removed;

[0025] Figure 8 This is an external schematic diagram of an airflow distribution device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is an internal cross-sectional schematic diagram of an airflow distribution device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the electrochemical energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram, 1. Main body; 11. Connecting pipe; 12. Sealing component; 2. Exhaust channel; 3. Pressure loss channel; 4. Airflow equalization chamber; 41. First section; 5. Inlet channel; 6. Outlet chamber; 7. Ear seat; 71. Ear seat body; 72. Hollow vent; 73. Inlet ear seat; 74. Outlet ear seat; 8. Fuel cell stack; 81. Airflow inlet; 82. Airflow outlet; 9. Airflow inlet pipe; 10. Airflow outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0031] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0032] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 10 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the airflow distribution device of the present invention includes a main body 1, which is a flat plate. The main body 1 includes a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other. An exhaust channel 2 is provided on the main body 1, penetrating the first end face and / or the second end face. It is understood that the exhaust channel 2 can penetrate the first end face or the second end face in the vertical direction, or the first end face and the second end face can both penetrate in the vertical direction, without specific limitation. A pressure loss channel 3 is also provided on the main body 1. The pressure loss channel 3 is horizontally disposed, and its two ends extend to the outer side wall connecting the exhaust channel 2 and the main body 1, respectively. Fluid enters the main body 1 through the inlet of the pressure loss channel 3, reaches the exhaust channel 2 through the pressure loss channel 3, and then enters the fuel cell stack 8 through the exhaust channel 2. By adding a pressure loss channel 3 to the airflow uniform distribution device, and then sending the fluid with increased pressure loss into the fuel cell stack 8 through the exhaust channel 2, the overall pressure loss of each branch line of the fuel cell stack 8 can be greatly increased, and the percentage difference in pressure loss between each branch line of the fuel cell stack 8 can be reduced. This optimizes the flow deviation caused by the pressure loss deviation of the fuel cell stack 8 and the fluid pipeline, thereby ensuring that each fuel cell stack 8 receives a stable airflow with the same flow rate, and guaranteeing the utilization rate of the raw material fluid of the module. Furthermore, the exhaust channel 2 can be provided as one or more. If the exhaust channel 2 is provided as one, it is set in the direction close to the pressure loss channel 3 and facing the inside of the main body 1. If the exhaust channel 2 is provided as multiple, it is preferentially distributed evenly and symmetrically with the pressure loss channel 3 as the center. No specific limitation is made here.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, the equivalent diameter D1 of the cross-section of the pressure loss channel 3 perpendicular to its channel direction ranges from 0.5 mm to 20 mm. Wherein, the equivalent diameter D1 of the cross-section is 4 * A / C, where A is the area of ​​the cross-section and C is the perimeter of the cross-section. The equivalent diameter D1 of the cross-section of the pressure loss channel 3 in the vertical direction directly affects the pressure loss effect. If D1 is less than 0.5 mm, the fluid velocity in the pressure loss channel 3 will be too high. When the fluid velocity exceeds 0.5 times the speed of sound, compressible fluid may be generated, leading to unstable pressure loss in the pressure loss channel 3. If D1 is greater than 20 mm, the pressure loss effect of the pressure loss channel 3 is poor, potentially resulting in a pressure loss ratio of less than 5:1 between the pressure loss in the pressure loss channel 3 and the pressure loss of the fuel cell stack 8. This leads to poor fluid uniformity distribution by the airflow uniform distribution device, affecting the uniform and stable airflow obtained by each fuel cell stack 8. It is understood that the cross-section of the pressure loss channel 3 in the vertical direction can be set as circular or rectangular, and its equivalent diameter only needs to meet the limitations of the above embodiments, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the length L of the pressure loss channel 3 satisfies the following range: 500*D1 ≥ L ≥ 25*D1. The ratio of the length of the pressure loss channel 3 to its equivalent diameter in the direction perpendicular to the channel can affect the pressure loss effect. When L < 25*D1, the pressure loss of the fluid in the pressure loss channel 3 may be incomplete, making the pressure loss effect of the pressure loss channel 3 unstable and potentially resulting in a poor pressure loss effect. This further leads to a pressure loss ratio of < 5:1 between the pressure loss in the pressure loss channel 3 and the pressure loss of the fuel cell stack 8. In this case, the fluid uniform distribution effect of the airflow uniform distribution device is poor. When L > 500*D1, the overall length of the airflow pressure loss channel 3 is relatively long, occupying a large amount of internal space in the airflow uniform distribution device and easily interfering with the design of other structures in the airflow uniform distribution device.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, the equivalent diameter D2 of the exhaust channel 2 is within the range of: 20 * D1 ≥ D2 ≥ D1. Fluid needs to flow into the fuel cell stack 8 through the exhaust channel 2, therefore the equivalent diameter of the exhaust channel 2 also needs to be controlled. If D2 > 20 * D1, the cross-section of the exhaust channel is relatively large, and when the airflow uniform distribution device is assembled with the fuel cell stack 8, sealing around the contact area between the exhaust channel 2 and the fuel cell stack 8 is difficult, easily leading to fluid leakage. If D2 < D1, the cross-section of the airflow exhaust channel 2 is relatively small, and the flow rate of the fluid entering the fuel cell stack 8 through the airflow exhaust channel 2 is too fast, easily causing uneven fluid distribution at the inlet of the fuel cell stack 8.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, an airflow equalization chamber 4 is formed within the main body 1, and the pressure loss channel 3 is connected to the exhaust channel 2 through the airflow equalization chamber 4. After passing through the pressure loss channel 3, the airflow enters the airflow equalization chamber 4 and then flows from the airflow equalization chamber 4 into the exhaust channel 2. The airflow equalization chamber 4, as a temporary container for fluid subjected to increased pressure loss, extends horizontally within the main body 1 and can form various shapes, which are not specifically limited here. Multiple exhaust channels 2 can also be provided. Therefore, by providing the airflow equalization chamber 4 between the pressure loss outlet and the exhaust channel 2, the velocity and flow rate of the airflow entering each exhaust channel 2 can be made more uniform, thereby improving the fuel utilization rate in the fuel cell stack 8.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the intersection of the airflow equalization chamber 4 and the pressure loss channel 3 is the first cross-section 41. Let the cross-sectional area of ​​the first cross-section 41 be S2, and let the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure loss channel 3 in the direction perpendicular to its channel be S1. S1 and S2 satisfy: 5 < S2 : S1 < 100. When S2 : S1 is less than 5, the difference between the cross-sectional areas of the first cross-section 41 and the pressure loss channel 3 is small, resulting in a small local pressure loss at the connection between the pressure loss channel 3 and the airflow equalization chamber 4, thus reducing the pressure loss effect poorly. When S2 : S1 is greater than 100, the difference between the cross-sectional areas of the first cross-section 41 and the pressure loss channel 3 is large, and there will be unstable fluid flow at the junction of the airflow equalization chamber 4 and the pressure loss channel 3. Moreover, the structure of the airflow equalization chamber 4 is not easy to design and can easily affect the setting of other structures.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the volume V1 of the airflow equalization chamber 4 and the volume V2 of the main body 1 satisfy the following relationship: 1 / 15 ≤ V1 / V2 ≤ 1 / 6. The purpose of setting the airflow equalization chamber 4 is to allow the airflow to enter each exhaust channel 2 more evenly after passing through the pressure loss channel 3. If the volume of the airflow equalization chamber 4 relative to the main body 1 is too small, that is, when V1 / V2 is less than 1 / 15, the fluid velocity in the airflow equalization chamber 4 may be too fast, resulting in an excessively high Reynolds number. The local airflow in the airflow equalization chamber 4 may develop into turbulence, resulting in unstable flow and poor equalization effect, which further affects the airflow distribution within the fuel cell stack 8. When V1 / V2 is greater than 1 / 6, the volume of the airflow equalization chamber 4 relative to the main body 1 is too large, occupying most of the space in the main body 1, which may easily interfere with other structures in the main body 1.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, an air inlet channel 5 is provided on the side of the main body 1 away from the exhaust channel 2, and the air inlet channel 5 is connected to the exhaust chamber 6. The exhaust gas generated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack 8 in the electrochemical energy conversion device can enter the main body 1 through the air inlet channel 5, enter the exhaust chamber 6 in the main body 1, and then be discharged from the main body 1 through the exhaust chamber 6. The above structure enables the airflow uniform distribution device to not only distribute the airflow during intake, but also to collect and discharge the exhaust gas generated by the reaction in the electrochemical energy conversion device. Specifically, the cross-section of the air inlet channel in the horizontal direction can be set to circular or strip-shaped, depending on the shape of the exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack 8 to which it is connected.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the main body 1 includes an ear seat 7, which extends outward from the outer side wall of the main body 1. The ear seat 7 includes an inlet ear seat 73 and an outlet ear seat 74. The outlet chamber 6 communicates with the hollow ventilation portion 72 of the outlet ear seat 74, and the pressure loss channel 3 communicates with the hollow ventilation portion 72 of the inlet ear seat 73, so that the pressure loss channel 3 and the outlet chamber 6 can communicate with the outside. Both the inlet ear seat 73 and the outlet ear seat 74 include an ear seat body 71 and a hollow ventilation portion 72 formed within the ear seat body 71. Specifically, a portion of the pressure loss channel 3 is located within the ear seat body 71 of the inlet ear seat 73, extending from the airflow equalization chamber 4 to the hollow ventilation portion 72 of the inlet ear seat 73; a portion of the outlet chamber 6 is located within the ear seat body 71 of the outlet ear seat 74, extending from the inlet channel 5 to the hollow ventilation portion 72 of the outlet ear seat 74.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inlet ear 73 and the outlet ear 74 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body 1, and the hollow vent 72 inside the ear body 71 can be connected to the gas pipeline. The outlet chamber 6 and the pressure loss channel 3 are respectively connected to the outlet ear 74 and the inlet ear 73, and an opening communicating with the pressure loss channel 3 is provided inside the hollow vent 72 of the inlet ear 73. By setting the outlet chamber 6 and the pressure loss channel 3 in the outwardly extending ear, the length of the outlet chamber 6 and the pressure loss channel 3 can be extended, so that the outlet chamber 6 and the pressure loss channel 3 have sufficient length to ensure their exhaust or pressure loss function.

[0043] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the air inlet ear 73 and the air outlet ear 74 are disposed on the same outer side wall of the main body 1. The air outlet chamber 6 and the pressure loss channel 3 are respectively connected to the air outlet ear 74 and the air inlet ear 73. Compared with the above embodiments, this embodiment places the inlet of the pressure loss channel 3 and the outlet of the air outlet chamber 6 on the same side, which facilitates the circulation and recovery of fluid. At this time, the lengths of the ear 7 on the same side are different to prevent the air inlet and air outlet from interfering with each other, and also to facilitate the identification of the air inlet channel 5 and the exhaust channel 2 during assembly.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the main body 1 comprises multiple plates of the same size, which are stacked and connected to form the main body 1. In the above two embodiments, when the exhaust ear seat 74 and the intake ear seat 73 are provided for exhaust and intake, the main body 1 is composed of multiple stacked plates. Since the pressure loss channel 3, exhaust channel 2, intake channel 5 and airflow equalization chamber 4 in the airflow equalization distribution device are all located inside the main body 1, if a single-layer plate structure is used as the main body 1 of the airflow equalization distribution device, it is difficult to process the aforementioned structures located inside the main body 1. Therefore, certain processing can be performed on multiple single layers, and these single layers can be welded together to form the airflow equalization distribution device. This setting reduces the processing difficulty of this application, saves certain processing costs, and improves certain processing efficiency.

[0045] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the main body 1 is configured as a single-layer plate structure. The main body 1 configured as a single-layer plate can be machined with structures such as a pressure loss channel 3, an exhaust channel 2, an intake channel 5, and an airflow equalization chamber 4 by drilling. Specifically, the main body 1 includes at least two connecting pipes 11. One end of the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the pressure loss channel 3, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the main body 1. A sealing member 12 is provided at the end of the connecting pipe 11 facing the outer wall of the main body 1. The two connecting pipes 11 form the airflow equalization chamber 4 in the main body 1. In this embodiment, an ear seat 7 can also be provided to accommodate the exhaust chamber 6 and the pressure loss channel 3. During processing, three holes are drilled in an arrow shape on the side near the pressure loss channel 3. The middle hole is drilled according to the relevant settings of the pressure loss channel 3. The channels formed by the holes on both sides serve as the airflow equalization chamber 4, and the sealing member 12 is used to seal the drilled channels on both sides from the outside to prevent air leakage during the intake process.

[0046] like Figure 10As shown, the present invention also provides an electrochemical energy conversion device, including at least one fuel cell stack 8 and an airflow distribution device according to any of the above embodiments. The fuel cell stack 8 and the airflow distribution device are stacked. The fuel cell stack 8 can be a single unit, which can abut against a first end face or a second end face to connect with the airflow distribution device. Alternatively, multiple fuel cell stacks 8 can be stacked on both sides of the airflow distribution device facing the first end face or the second end face. The fuel cell stack 8 closest to the airflow distribution device abuts against the first end face and the second end face to connect with the airflow distribution device. An exhaust channel 2 connects to the airflow inlet 81 of the fuel cell stack 8, and an intake channel 5 connects to the airflow outlet 82 of the fuel cell stack 8. The electric propulsion unit 8 is also provided with air inlet pipe 9 and air outlet pipe 10 on both sides. The airflow flows into the pressure loss channel 3 through the air inlet pipe 9, and then enters the airflow equalization chamber 4 to control the fluid velocity and flow rate. After passing through the exhaust channel 2, it flows into the fuel cell stack through the air inlet 81 to participate in the reaction. After the reaction, the airflow flows from the fuel cell stack's air outlet 82 into the air inlet 81, then enters the exhaust chamber 6, and flows from the exhaust chamber 6 to the air outlet pipe 10 for discharge.

[0047] The electrochemical energy conversion device of this application integrates the air inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack 8 into a single airflow uniform distribution device, achieving high integration, small footprint, and low cost. Furthermore, by adding a pressure loss channel 3 to the airflow uniform distribution device, and then sending the fluid with increased pressure loss into the fuel cell stack 8 through the exhaust channel 2, uniform airflow distribution is achieved among the multiple fuel cell stacks 8 in the electrochemical energy conversion device, thereby improving the ability of the electrochemical energy conversion device to resist fluctuations in parameters such as airflow rate, current, calorific value, and temperature.

[0048] The working process of the present invention is as follows: The main body 1 of the airflow uniform distribution device is provided with a pressure loss channel 3 and an exhaust channel 2. The fluid enters the main body 1 through the inlet of the pressure loss channel 3, reaches the exhaust channel 2 through the pressure loss channel 3, and then enters the fuel cell 8 through the airflow inlet 81 of the fuel cell 8 through the exhaust channel 2. The exhaust in the fuel cell 8 can enter the main body 1 through the air inlet 5 through the airflow outlet 82 of the fuel cell 8, enter the exhaust chamber 6 in the main body 1, and then be discharged from the main body 1 through the exhaust chamber 6.

[0049] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide an airflow distribution device and its electrochemical energy conversion device, which has a high degree of integration, small footprint, low cost, reduces the percentage difference in voltage loss between the branch lines of each fuel cell stack 8, achieves uniform airflow distribution among multiple fuel cell stacks 8 in the electrochemical energy conversion device, and improves the ability of the electrochemical energy conversion device to resist fluctuations in parameters such as airflow rate, current, calorific value, and temperature.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and substitutions without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airflow distribution device, characterized in that: The device includes a main body, which includes a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other. The main body has an exhaust channel that penetrates the first end face and / or the second end face. The main body also has a pressure loss channel. The two ends of the pressure loss channel are respectively connected to the exhaust channel and the outer wall of the main body, so that fluid enters the main body from the inlet of the pressure loss channel, reaches the exhaust channel through the pressure loss channel, and then enters the fuel cell stack through the exhaust channel. The equivalent diameter D1 of the cross-section of the pressure loss channel perpendicular to its channel direction ranges from 0.5mm to 20mm; The equivalent diameter D2 of the exhaust channel cross section satisfies the following range: 20*D1≥D2≥D1.

2. The airflow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length L of the pressure loss channel is within the range of: 500*D1≥L≥25*D1.

3. The airflow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An airflow equalization chamber is formed within the main body, and the pressure loss channel is connected to the exhaust channel through the airflow equalization chamber.

4. The airflow distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross section at the intersection of the airflow equalization chamber and the pressure loss channel is set as the first cross section. Let the cross-sectional area of ​​the first cross section be S2, and let the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure loss channel in the direction perpendicular to its channel be S1. S1 and S2 satisfy: 5 < S2 : S1 < 100.

5. The airflow distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The volume V1 of the airflow distribution chamber and the volume V2 of the main body satisfy the following condition: 1 / 15 ≤ V1 / V2 ≤ 1 / 6.

6. The airflow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air intake channel is provided on the side of the main body away from the exhaust channel, and the air intake channel is connected to an air outlet chamber.

7. The airflow distribution device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main body includes an ear seat, which includes an air inlet ear seat and an air outlet ear seat. Both the air inlet ear seat and the air outlet ear seat include an ear seat body and a hollow venting part formed in the ear seat body. The air outlet chamber is connected to the hollow venting part of the air outlet ear seat, and the pressure loss channel is connected to the hollow venting part of the air inlet ear seat.

8. An electrochemical energy conversion device, characterized in that: It includes at least one fuel cell stack and an airflow distribution device as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the fuel cell stack and the airflow distribution device are stacked and abut against the first end face and / or the second end face, the exhaust passage of the airflow distribution device is connected to the airflow inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the air inlet passage of the airflow distribution device is connected to the airflow outlet of the fuel cell stack.

Images